Rigid body rotational inertia experimental testing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rigid body rotational inertia experiment testing device, which relates to the technical field of mechanical experiment devices, and comprises a fixed base, a fixed support fixedly arranged at the center of the top of the fixed base, photoelectric doors symmetrically arranged on the fixed support, and a rotating shaft rotationally arranged at the center of the bottom of the fixed support. The top of the rotating shaft is detachably connected with a rotating bearing structure, the rotating bearing structure is in an inverted circular truncated cone shape, shading rods are symmetrically arranged on the edge of the peripheral wall of the rotating bearing structure, the shading rods are matched with a photoelectric door, and the photoelectric door is connected with a testing mechanism through a wire; a driving guide structure is arranged on the top edge of the fixed base, a winding guide structure is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, one end of the thin wire is wound on the winding guide structure, and the other end penetrates through the driving guide structure and is connected with a weight. According to the utility model, the probability that the center of mass coincides with the geometric center is greatly improved by the rotary bearing structure in the shape of the inverted circular truncated cone, so that the vibration phenomenon is avoided; and the winding guide structure prevents the thin wires from overlapping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical experiment devices, in particular to an experimental test device for the moment of inertia of a rigid body. Background Technique

[0002] The moment of inertia is a measure of the inertia in the rotation of a rigid body. It depends on the total mass of the rigid body, the mass distribution, the shape and size, and the position of the rotation axis. For a rigid body with a simple shape and uniform mass distribution, its moment of inertia about a specific rotation axis can be calculated by mathematical methods. However, for a rigid body with a relatively complex shape or non-uniform mass distribution, it is very difficult to calculate its moment of inertia by mathematical methods, so experimental methods are mostly used to measure it.

[0003] In the existing experimental test instrument for the moment of inertia of a rigid body, the turntable used vibrates during rotation because the center of mass does not coincide with the geometric center; and during the experimental operation, students need to wind the thin line around the pulley of the instrument, but students often misalign and overlap the winding. The above problems will all cause large errors and affect the accuracy of experimental data. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of this, the utility model provides an experimental test device for the moment of inertia of a rigid body to solve the problems raised in the above background technique, and specifically discloses the following content:

[0005] An experimental test device for the moment of inertia of a rigid body includes an experimental mechanism and a test mechanism;

[0006] The experimental mechanism includes a fixed base. The center of the top of the fixed base is fixedly provided with a fixed support through a support seat. Photoelectric gates are symmetrically arranged on the fixed support. The center of the bottom of the fixed support is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft. The top of the rotating shaft is detachably connected with a rotating bearing structure. The rotating bearing structure is in the shape of an inverted frustum. Light-shielding rods are symmetrically arranged on the peripheral wall edge of the rotating bearing structure. The light-shielding rods are adapted to the photoelectric gates. The photoelectric gates are connected to the test mechanism through wires;

[0007] A driving and guiding structure is arranged at the edge of the top of the fixed base. A winding and guiding structure is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. One end of a thin line is wound on the winding and guiding structure, and the other end passes through the driving and guiding structure and is connected with a weight.

[0008] Furthermore, the winding and guiding structure includes a winding pulley. The winding pulley is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the middle part of the rotating shaft. Thread guiding grooves are arranged on each layer of the outer wall of the winding pulley to facilitate the winding of the thin line.

[0009] Further, the driving and guiding structure includes an adjusting seat, a lifting rod is provided at the top of the adjusting seat, a support column is fixedly provided on one side of the lifting rod away from the rotating shaft, a connecting seat is fixedly provided at one end of the support column away from the lifting rod, a vertical plate is fixedly provided on the top of the connecting seat, a through hole is provided on the vertical plate, and a pulley is rotatably provided at one end of the connecting seat away from the support column.

[0010] Further, the rotating and bearing structure is a first rotating and bearing disk, a central hole is provided at the center position of the top wall of the first rotating and bearing disk, and a plurality of placing units are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the central hole on the top wall of the first rotating and bearing disk. The placing unit includes a plurality of uniformly arranged placing holes.

[0011] Further, the rotating and bearing structure is a second rotating and bearing disk. The top of the second rotating and bearing disk is open, and clay is filled inside.

[0012] Further, the testing mechanism includes a tester. A PLC controller is provided inside the tester. A first control panel is provided on the front wall of the tester. Both the first control panel and the photoelectric gate are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The first control panel is used to display the angular acceleration and the moment of inertia.

[0013] Further, a weighing pan is provided on the top of the tester. A pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of the weighing pan. A second control panel is provided on the top wall of the tester. Both the second control panel and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The second control panel is used to display the mass.

[0014] Further, an article storage box is provided on the side wall of the tester.

[0015] Further, a plurality of leveling screws are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the fixed base.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0017] In the present utility model, the rotating and bearing structure in the shape of an inverted frustum makes the mass of the rotating and bearing structure mainly concentrated at the center of the rotating and bearing structure, greatly increasing the probability of the coincidence of its center of mass and geometric center, and avoiding vibration phenomena; the winding and guiding structure can avoid the overlap of thin lines, reduce experimental errors, and improve the accuracy of experimental data; a plurality of placing units are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the central hole on the top wall of the first rotating and bearing disk. The placing unit includes a plurality of uniformly arranged placing holes, which can not only measure the moment of inertia of regular objects, but also verify the parallel axis theorem; the top of the second rotating and bearing disk is open, and clay is filled inside, which can measure the moment of inertia of irregular objects. Description of the Drawings

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental test device for the moment of inertia of a rigid body of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the drive and guide structure in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a top view of the test mechanism in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a top view of the first rotating bearing disc in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a top view of the second rotating bearing disc in the present invention.

[0024] Among them, in the figure:

[0025] 1. Fixed base; 11. Leveling screw; 2. Support seat; 3. Fixed bracket; 31. Photoelectric gate; 4. Rotating shaft; 5. Winding tower pulley; 51. Threaded guide groove; 6. Rotating bearing structure; 61. Light-shielding rod; 62. First rotating bearing disc; 621. Central hole; 622. Placing hole; 63. Second rotating bearing disc; 7. Adjusting seat; 71. Lifting rod; 72. Support column; 73. Connecting seat; 74. Vertical plate; 75. Pulley; 76. Thin wire; 77. Weight; 8. Conducting wire; 9. Tester; 91. First control panel; 92. Item storage box; 93. Scale pan; 94. Second control panel. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and the above-mentioned drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so as to implement the embodiments of this application described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or components does not necessarily limit to those clearly listed steps or components, but may include other steps or components not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0028] In this application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe this application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit that the indicated device, element or component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0029] Moreover, in addition to being able to represent the orientation or positional relationship, some of the above terms may also be used to represent other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] In addition, the terms "install", "set", "provided with", "connect", "connected", "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there is internal communication between two devices, elements or components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] Referring to the attached Figures 1-5 drawings, the utility model discloses an experimental test device for the moment of inertia of a rigid body, including an experimental mechanism and a test mechanism;

[0032] The experimental mechanism includes a fixed base 1. At the center of the top of the fixed base 1, a fixed bracket 3 is fixedly provided through a support base 2. On the fixed bracket 3, photoelectric gates 31 are symmetrically arranged. At the center of the bottom of the fixed bracket 3, a rotating shaft 4 is rotatably arranged. At the top of the rotating shaft 4, a rotating bearing structure 6 is detachably connected. The rotating bearing structure 6 is in the shape of an inverted frustum. On the edge of the circumferential wall of the rotating bearing structure 6, light-shielding rods 61 are symmetrically arranged. The light-shielding rods 61 are adapted to the photoelectric gates 31. The photoelectric gates 31 are connected to a testing mechanism through a wire 8.

[0033] At the edge of the top of the fixed base 1, a driving and guiding structure is provided. On the outer wall of the rotating shaft 4, a winding and guiding structure is fixedly provided. One end of a thin wire 76 is wound on the winding and guiding structure, and the other end passes through the driving and guiding structure and is connected to a weight 77.

[0034] In this embodiment, the rotating bearing structure 6 in the shape of an inverted frustum makes the mass of the rotating bearing structure 6 mainly concentrated at the center of the rotating bearing structure 6, greatly increasing the probability that its center of mass coincides with the geometric center and avoiding vibration phenomena. The winding and guiding structure can prevent the thin wire from overlapping, reduce experimental errors, and improve the accuracy of experimental data.

[0035] The winding and guiding structure includes a wire-winding tower pulley 5. The wire-winding tower pulley 5 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the middle part of the rotating shaft 4. On the outer wall of each layer of the wire-winding tower pulley 5, a threaded guiding groove 51 is provided to facilitate the winding of the thin wire 76.

[0036] In this embodiment, the wire-winding tower pulley 5 has three layers, and the radii from top to bottom are 30 mm, 25 mm, and 20 mm in sequence. The thin wire 76 is wound along the threaded guiding groove 51 of each layer, which can prevent the thin wire 76 from overlapping.

[0037] The driving and guiding structure includes an adjusting seat 7. On the top of the adjusting seat 7, a lifting rod 71 is provided. On the side of the lifting rod 71 away from the rotating shaft 4, a support column 72 is fixedly provided. At one end of the support column 72 away from the lifting rod 71, a connecting seat 73 is fixedly provided. On the top of the connecting seat 73, a vertical plate 74 is fixedly provided. A through hole is provided on the vertical plate 74. At one end of the connecting seat 73 away from the support column 72, a pulley 75 is rotatably arranged.

[0038] In this embodiment, one end of the thin wire 76 is connected to a weight 77, and the other end passes through the pulley and the through hole on the vertical plate 74 in sequence and is wound on the threaded guiding groove 51.

[0039] The rotating bearing structure 6 is a first rotating bearing disk 62. At the center position of the top wall of the first rotating bearing disk 62, a central hole 621 is provided. Along the outer circumference of the central hole 621 on the top wall of the first rotating bearing disk 62, a plurality of placing units are evenly arranged. The placing unit includes a plurality of evenly arranged placing holes 622.

[0040] In this embodiment, both the central hole 621 and the placement hole 622 are used to place the object to be measured. The number of placement holes 622 in the same placement unit is 5, which are arranged axially and are respectively 45 mm, 60 mm, 75 mm, 90 mm, and 105 mm away from the center of the first rotating bearing disk 62, for verifying the parallel axis principle.

[0041] The rotating bearing structure 6 is the second rotating bearing disk 63. The top of the second rotating bearing disk 63 is open, and the inside is filled with clay.

[0042] In this embodiment, when placing an irregular object, first determine the center of gravity position of the irregular object by the suspension method, and then place the center of gravity of the irregular object at the center position of the clay.

[0043] In this embodiment, both the first rotating bearing disk 62 and the second rotating bearing disk 63 are detachably connected to the top of the rotating shaft and can be replaced with each other. That is, the first rotating bearing disk 62 measures the moment of inertia of regular objects, and the second rotating bearing disk 63 measures the moment of inertia of irregular objects.

[0044] The testing mechanism includes a tester 9. A PLC controller is provided inside the tester 9. A first control panel 91 is provided on the front wall of the tester 9. Both the first control panel 91 and the photoelectric gate 31 are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The first control panel 91 is used to display the angular acceleration and the moment of inertia.

[0045] In this embodiment, the mass of the weight 77 and the radius of the corresponding layer of the winding tower pulley 5 wound by the thin wire 76 can be input on the first control panel 91. During the experiment, the display screen of the first control panel 91 can display the number of light-shielding times and the light-shielding time fed back by the photoelectric gate 31. The angular acceleration and the moment of inertia can be calculated through the PLC controller and displayed on the display screen of the first control panel 91.

[0046] A weighing pan 93 is provided on the top of the tester 9. A pressure sensor is provided at the bottom of the weighing pan 93. A second control panel 94 is provided on the top wall of the tester 9. Both the second control panel 94 and the pressure sensor are electrically connected to the PLC controller. The second control panel 94 is used to display the mass.

[0047] In this embodiment, a zero-clearing button and a tare button are provided on the second control panel 94. The weight 77 is placed on the weighing pan 93, and the mass of the weight 77 is displayed on the display screen of the second control panel 94.

[0048] An article storage box 92 is provided on the side wall of the tester 9, for storing the weight 77, the thin wire 76, the spirit level, the object to be measured, etc.

[0049] A plurality of leveling screws 11 are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the fixed base 1.

[0050] In this embodiment, the level can be placed at the center of the rotating bearing structure 6 and leveled by the leveling screw 11.

[0051] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A rigid body moment of inertia experimental test device, characterized in that: Including experimental institutions and testing institutions; The experimental mechanism comprises a fixed base (1), a fixed bracket (3) is fixedly provided at the top center of the fixed base (1) through a support seat (2), a photoelectric gate (31) is symmetrically provided on the fixed bracket (3), a rotating shaft (4) is rotatably provided at the bottom center of the fixed bracket (3), a rotating bearing structure (6) is detachably connected to the top of the rotating shaft (4), the rotating bearing structure (6) is in the shape of an inverted truncated cone, and a light shielding rod (61) is symmetrically provided on the peripheral edge of the rotating bearing structure (6), the light shielding rod (61) is adapted to the photoelectric gate (31), and the photoelectric gate (31) is connected to the test mechanism through a wire (8); A driving guide structure is provided on the top edge of the fixed base (1), a winding guide structure is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (4), one end of the thin wire (76) is wound around the winding guide structure, and the other end passes through the driving guide structure and is connected to a weight (77).

2. The rigid body moment of inertia test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding guide structure comprises a winding turret (5), the winding turret (5) being fixedly sleeved on the middle outer wall of the rotating shaft (4), and a threaded guide groove (51) being provided on each layer of the outer wall of the winding turret (5) to facilitate the winding of the thin wire (76).

3. The rigid body moment of inertia test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving guide structure comprises an adjustment seat (7), a lifting rod (71) is provided on the top of the adjustment seat (7), a support column (72) is fixedly provided on the side of the lifting rod (71) away from the rotating shaft (4), a connecting seat (73) is fixedly provided on the end of the support column (72) away from the lifting rod (71), a vertical plate (74) is fixedly provided on the top of the connecting seat (73), a through hole is provided on the vertical plate (74), and a pulley (75) is rotatably provided on the end of the connecting seat (73) away from the support column (72).

4. The rigid body moment of inertia test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating bearing structure (6) is a first rotating bearing plate (62), a center hole (621) is provided at the center position of the top wall of the first rotating bearing plate (62), and a plurality of placement units are evenly provided on the top wall of the first rotating bearing plate (62) along the outer circumference of the center hole (621), and the placement units include a plurality of evenly arranged placement holes (622).

5. The rigid body moment of inertia test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating bearing structure (6) is a second rotating bearing plate (63), the top of the second rotating bearing plate (63) is opened and the inside is filled with clay.

6. The rigid body moment of inertia test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The testing mechanism comprises a tester (9), a PLC controller is provided inside the tester (9), a first control panel (91) is provided on the front wall of the tester (9), the first control panel (91) and the photoelectric gate (31) are both electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the first control panel (91) is used to display angular acceleration and moment of inertia.

7. The rigid body moment of inertia test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A weighing pan (93) is provided on the top of the tester (9), a pressure sensor is provided on the bottom of the weighing pan (93), a second control panel (94) is provided on the top wall of the tester (9), the second control panel (94) and the pressure sensor are both electrically connected to the PLC controller, and the second control panel (94) is used to display quality.

8. The rigid body moment of inertia test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An article storage box (92) is provided on the side wall of the tester (9).

9. The rigid body moment of inertia test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of leveling screws (11) are evenly arranged on the bottom of the fixed base (1).

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