Mechanical motor encoder
By designing mechanical motor encoders, using planetary reduction gears and normally closed microswitches, the problem that existing electronic encoders are difficult to meet long life requirements in harsh environments is solved, and an encoder design with high reliability and low maintenance costs is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422080249.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing electronic encoders are difficult to meet long-life requirements in harsh environments and have high maintenance costs, which affects the reliability and economics of photovoltaic power generation systems.
A mechanical motor encoder is designed, using planetary reduction gears and normally closed microswitches. Through the reduction ratio of the reduction gear and the design of the microswitch, the precise position of the motor position and reverse automatic switching are achieved, avoiding the use of electronic components.
It realizes an encoder that operates continuously and stably in harsh environments, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the reliability and economics of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN222996390U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of encoders, and particularly relates to a mechanical motor encoder. Background Art
[0002] According to the requirements of the national "General Code for Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Utilization", solar systems should be installed in newly built buildings. The designed service life of solar collectors in solar thermal utilization systems should be more than 15 years. The designed service life of photovoltaic modules in solar photovoltaic power generation systems should be more than 25 years. For polycrystalline silicon, monocrystalline silicon, and thin-film battery modules in the system, the attenuation rates within ten years since the system starts operation should be less than 2.5%, 3%, and 5% respectively, and the annual attenuation should be less than 0.7% thereafter.
[0003] The photovoltaic panel needs to always face the sun, so an encoder is required to detect the motor position in real time to feedback the displacement of the photovoltaic panel. However, currently, general encoders are electronic, and the main principle is to utilize the Hall effect. However, for the service life requirement of photovoltaic power generation to meet 25 years, in harsh environments such as deserts with large temperature differences between high and low temperatures, it is very difficult for electronic components to reach this limit, and due to the unique working environment or position of the photovoltaic panel, regular maintenance and repair are required, making the work very inconvenient and resulting in high costs. Therefore, the present utility model proposes a mechanical encoder that well solves the problem. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] To solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows:
[0005] A mechanical motor encoder includes a motor and an encoder installed on the motor;
[0006] The encoder includes a base and a casing fixed on the motor, and a speed reduction structure arranged in the casing. The input end of the speed reduction structure is connected to the motor shaft, the output end of the speed reduction structure is connected to a driving shaft, the driving shaft is fixedly connected to a driving member, and a coding seat is also fixed on the casing. At least two groups of microswitches are arranged on the coding seat, namely a first microswitch and a second microswitch.
[0007] Further, the driving member is two groups of triggers arranged up and down. The two groups of triggers are coaxially arranged on the driving shaft, and the two groups of triggers are fixed to each other. When the driving shaft rotates, the triggers can be driven to rotate.
[0008] Further, the first microswitch and the second microswitch are fixedly connected to the coding base. The first microswitch and the second microswitch are arranged vertically, and the heights of the first microswitch and the second microswitch respectively correspond to two groups of the triggers. When the two groups of triggers rotate, the first microswitch and the second microswitch can be triggered respectively.
[0009] Further, the deceleration structure is a planetary reduction gear, and the reduction ratio of the reduction gear is selected according to the motor step distance.
[0010] Further, the first microswitch and the second microswitch are normally closed microswitches.
[0011] Advantages of the utility model:
[0012] In the utility model, through the reduction gear at the tail of the motor, the reduction ratio is calculated according to the required step distance, and the coaxial drive member is used for positioning. The normally closed microswitch is arranged at the tail positioning point. After reaching the point, after touching the normally closed microswitch, it automatically reverses. Without using electronic components, the maintenance cost is low and the reliability is high.
[0013] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the utility model. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the utility model more clearly and implement it according to the content of the description, the following takes the preferred embodiments of the utility model and combines with the drawings to describe in detail as follows. Description of the drawings
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the microswitch of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of the microswitch of the utility model;
[0019] Description of the reference numerals:
[0020] 1. Motor; 11. Shaft; 2. Encoder; 21. Base; 22. Deceleration structure; 23. Drive shaft; 24. Drive member; 25. First microswitch; 26. Second microswitch; 27. Housing; 28. Coding base. Detailed implementation manners
[0021] The following elaborates on the preferred embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present utility model can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making the scope of protection of the present utility model more clearly defined. Specific embodiments
[0022] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a mechanical motor encoder includes a motor 1 and an encoder 2 installed on the motor 1;
[0023] The encoder 2 includes a base 21 and a housing 27 fixed on the motor 1, and a speed reduction structure 22 arranged in the housing 27. The input end of the speed reduction structure 22 is connected to the shaft 11 of the motor 1, the output end of the speed reduction structure 22 is connected to a drive shaft 23, the drive shaft 23 is fixedly connected to a drive member 24, and an encoding seat 28 is also fixed on the housing 27. At least two groups of microswitches are provided on the encoding seat 28, namely a first microswitch 25 and a second microswitch 26. Specifically, the drive member 24 is two groups of triggers arranged up and down, the two groups of triggers are coaxially arranged on the drive shaft 23, and the two groups of triggers are fixed to each other. When the drive shaft 23 rotates, the triggers can be driven to rotate. Specifically, the first microswitch 25 and the second microswitch 26 are fixedly connected to the encoding seat 28, the first microswitch 25 and the second microswitch 26 are arranged up and down, and the heights of the first microswitch 25 and the second microswitch 26 respectively correspond to the two groups of triggers. When the two groups of triggers rotate, the first microswitch 25 and the second microswitch 26 can be triggered respectively. Specifically, the speed reduction structure 22 is a planetary reduction gear, and the reduction ratio of the reduction gear is selected according to the motor step stroke. Specifically, in this embodiment, the output shaft gears at both ends of a DC carbon brush motor are connected to a 1:49 planetary reducer at one end. This planetary reduction can achieve a high torque and a medium speed of about 130 RPM through speed reduction and torque increase, and is responsible for transmitting power. The other end of the DC carbon brush motor is connected to a 1:14000 fixed-axis gear train reducer. A normally closed microswitch is designed at the top of the reducer, and its main function is to control the forward and reverse strokes of the whole machine. Specifically, the first microswitch 25 and the second microswitch 26 are normally closed microswitches. Diodes are designed on the microswitches for rectification to convert alternating current into direct current to supply the motor. Two upper and lower triggers are designed at the top of the output shaft of the reducer. Starting from the positive rotation origin, when the upper wave rotates to trigger the microswitch, the number of rotation turns of the planetary reducer at the other end of the microswitch reaches the designed range.
[0024] The above are only the embodiments of the present utility model, and do not limit the patent scope of the present utility model accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the specification and drawings of the present utility model, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A mechanical motor encoder, characterized in that : comprising a motor (1) and an encoder (2) mounted on the motor (1); The encoder (2) comprises a base (21) and a housing (27) fixed on the motor (1), and a reduction structure (22) arranged in the housing (27); an input end of the reduction structure (22) is connected to the shaft (11) of the motor (1); an output end of the reduction structure (22) is connected to a drive shaft (23); the drive shaft (23) is fixedly connected to a drive member (24); an encoder seat (28) is also fixed on the housing (27); and at least two groups of micro switches are arranged on the encoder seat (28), namely a first micro switch (25) and a second micro switch (26).
2. A mechanical motor encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving member (24) is two sets of triggers arranged one above the other. The two sets of triggers are coaxially arranged on the driving shaft (23). The two sets of triggers are fixed to each other. When the driving shaft (23) rotates, the triggers can be driven to rotate.
3. A mechanical motor encoder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first micro switch (25) and the second micro switch (26) are fixedly connected to the encoding seat (28); the first micro switch (25) and the second micro switch (26) are arranged up and down; the heights of the first micro switch (25) and the second micro switch (26) respectively correspond to the two groups of triggers; when the two groups of triggers rotate, the first micro switch (25) and the second micro switch (26) can be triggered respectively.
4. A mechanical motor encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction structure (22) is a planetary reduction gear, and the reduction ratio of the reduction gear is selected according to the stepping stroke of the motor.
5. The mechanical motor encoder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first micro switch (25) and the second micro switch (26) are normally closed micro switches.