Data transmission processing system based on mountain torrent disaster prevention and control

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of data communication, in particular to a data transmission processing system based on mountain torrent disaster prevention and control. The system comprises a data acquisition module, a transmission module and a data processing module, and the data acquisition module is sequentially connected with the transmission module and the data processing module; the transmission module comprises a data encryption part and a signal enhancement circuit, the output end of the sensor interface circuit is sequentially connected with the signal enhancement circuit and the data encryption part, the data processing module comprises an edge computing server, and the input port of the edge computing server is connected to the output end of the encryption part. And an output port of the edge computing server is connected to the central server through a PCIe bus. According to the utility model, the sensor interface circuit comprises a single-pole three-throw electronic switch and a signal conditioning component, so that the stability and reliability of data transmission can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of data communication, in particular to a data transmission and processing system based on mountain flood disaster prevention and control. Background Technique

[0002] In the prior art, in the "hydrological engineering field", with the development of society and the growth of population, the demand for water resources has been increasing continuously, and the threat of water disasters has also been growing. In order to cope with these challenges, an effective mountain flood disaster prevention and control system needs to be established. The existing monitoring station network consists of rain gauges, water level gauges, etc. distributed in the basin, which can collect data such as rainfall and water level in the basin in real time. The early warning system uses these data, predicts possible floods through an analysis model, and issues early warning information. However, in the current traditional monitoring system, the installation method of sensors is relatively single and fixed, and it cannot flexibly adapt to different installation scenarios and complex environmental conditions. This leads to extremely difficult installation of sensors in some special terrains or inaccessible areas, and even impossible to install, seriously affecting the comprehensiveness and accuracy of data collection. In addition, the data lacks effective encryption protection during the transmission process, is vulnerable to external interference and malicious attacks, and the security and integrity of the data are difficult to guarantee. The signal often attenuates, distorts and makes errors during transmission, affecting the quality and reliability of the data, and bringing great troubles to subsequent analysis and processing. Moreover, the traditional system usually transmits all data to the central server for processing, which not only increases the burden and delay of data transmission, but also easily causes congestion and failures of the central server due to processing a large amount of data, reducing the overall efficiency and response speed of the system. At present, a data transmission and processing system based on mountain flood disaster prevention and control is needed. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] In order to solve the problems of difficult installation of sensors and unstable signal transmission in the mountain flood disaster prevention and control system, the utility model provides a data transmission and processing system based on mountain flood disaster prevention and control.

[0004] A data transmission and processing system based on mountain flood disaster prevention and control provided by the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A data transmission and processing system based on mountain flood disaster prevention and control includes

[0006] a data acquisition module, a transmission module and a data processing module, and the data acquisition module is sequentially connected to the transmission module and the data processing module;

[0007] The data acquisition module includes a MEMS rain sensor, a MEMS pressure sensor, and a MEMS thermal flow sensor. The output ends of the MEMS rain sensor, the MEMS pressure sensor, and the MEMS thermal flow sensor are all connected to a sensor interface circuit. The transmission module includes a data encryption component and a signal enhancement circuit. The output end of the sensor interface circuit is sequentially connected to the signal enhancement circuit and the data encryption component. The data processing module includes an edge computing server. The input port of the edge computing server is connected to the output end of the encryption component. The output port of the edge computing server is connected to the central server through a PCIe bus.

[0008] Furthermore, the data acquisition module further includes an integrated housing for the installation and fixation of the sensors. The top of the integrated housing is provided with a plurality of circular holes. The central position of the bottom of the integrated housing is provided with a fixed card slot. One side of the integrated housing is provided with a plurality of mounting holes. The other side of the integrated housing is provided with data and power interfaces, and a raised waterproof sealing ring is inlaid around the data and power interfaces.

[0009] Furthermore, the MEMS pressure sensor is connected to the bottom of the integrated housing through the fixed card slot. The sensing surface of the MEMS pressure sensor is flush with the bottom surface of the integrated housing. The MEMS thermal flow sensor is fixed to the side of the integrated housing through the mounting hole. The sensing surface of the MEMS thermal flow sensor faces the outside of the side of the integrated housing. The MEMS rain sensor is installed on the top of the integrated housing through a fixing bolt.

[0010] Furthermore, the sensor interface circuit includes a single-pole triple-throw electronic switch, an ADC chip, and a microprocessor. Different input ends of the single-pole triple-throw electronic switch are respectively connected to the output ends of the MEMS rain sensor, the MEMS pressure sensor, and the MEMS thermal flow sensor. The output end of the single-pole triple-throw electronic switch is connected to the signal input end of the ADC chip through a signal conditioning component. The digital output pins and control pins of the ADC chip are all connected to the corresponding pins of the microcontroller. The digital output pin of the microcontroller is connected to the single-pole triple-throw electronic switch.

[0011] Furthermore, the signal conditioning component includes a non-inverting proportional amplifier and a low-pass filter composed of operational amplifiers. The input end of the low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the single-pole triple-throw electronic switch. The output end of the low-pass filter is connected to the non-inverting input end of the non-inverting proportional amplifier.

[0012] Further, the signal conditioning component further includes an input resistor and a feedback resistor. One end of the input resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the non-inverting proportional amplifier, the other end of the input resistor is grounded, one end of the feedback resistor is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the non-inverting proportional amplifier, and the other end of the feedback resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the non-inverting proportional amplifier.

[0013] Further, the ADC chip uses an ADC chip with multiple analog input channels.

[0014] Further, the signal enhancement circuit includes a signal amplifier, an error correction encoder, an error correction decoder, and a comparator. The input terminal of the signal amplifier is connected to the signal output terminal of the programmable logic control chip. The output terminal of the signal amplifier is sequentially connected to the error correction encoder and the error correction decoder. The output terminal of the error correction decoder is connected to one input terminal of the comparator, and the other input terminal of the comparator is connected to the microprocessor.

[0015] Further, the data encryption component includes a programmable logic control chip, a digital signal processor, an encryption coprocessor, and a random number generator. The programmable logic control chip is respectively connected to the digital signal processor and the encryption coprocessor, and the encryption coprocessor is connected to the random number generator.

[0016] Further, the input port of the edge computing server is connected to the output terminal of the encryption component, including that the input port of the edge computing server is connected to the output terminal of the programmable logic control chip.

[0017] In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] 1. The sensor interface circuit of the utility model includes a single-pole triple-throw electronic switch and a signal conditioning component, which can effectively improve the stability and reliability of data transmission, avoid data loss or delay. At the same time, the signal enhancement circuit includes a signal amplifier, an error correction encoder, an error correction decoder, and a comparator, which can improve the signal quality to a certain extent, reduce errors and distortions in transmission, and ensure the accuracy and integrity of data. In addition, the edge computing server is used to preliminarily process the acquired data, quickly extract key information, reduce the burden on the central server, and improve the response speed and processing efficiency of the entire system.

[0019] 2. The utility model fixes the MEMS rain sensor, MEMS pressure sensor and MEMS thermal flow sensor as an integral structure through an integrated housing, which can adapt to various complex installation scenarios and environmental conditions, plays a certain protective role for the sensors, inlays a raised waterproof sealing ring around the data and power interfaces, effectively prevents moisture and dust from entering the interfaces, ensures the stability of data transmission and power supply, and enables the entire system to work properly under harsh environmental conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 FIG. is an overall connection schematic diagram of a data transmission and processing system based on mountain flood disaster prevention according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated housing in a data transmission and processing system based on mountain flood disaster prevention according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 FIG. is a side view of the integrated housing according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 FIG. is a bottom view of the integrated housing according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 FIG. is a connection schematic diagram of an encryption component in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] Wherein, 1, circular hole; 2, data interface; 3, power interface; 4, flow sensor sensing surface; 5, pressure sensor sensing surface; 6, card slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The following further describes the utility model in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] Referring to Figure 1 , a data transmission and processing system based on mountain flood disaster prevention according to this embodiment includes:

[0029] A data acquisition module, a transmission module and a data processing module, and the data acquisition module is sequentially connected to the transmission module and the data processing module;

[0030] Such as Figure 1As shown, the data acquisition module includes a MEMS rain sensor, a MEMS pressure sensor, and a MEMS thermal flow sensor. The output ends of the MEMS rain sensor, the MEMS pressure sensor, and the MEMS thermal flow sensor are all connected to the sensor interface circuit. The transmission module includes a data encryption component and a signal enhancement circuit. The output end of the sensor interface circuit is sequentially connected to the data encryption component and the signal enhancement circuit. The data processing module includes an edge computing server. The input port of the edge computing server is connected to the output end of the signal enhancement circuit. The output port of the edge computing server is connected to the central server through a PCIe bus.

[0031] Specifically,

[0032] Step 1: Installation and debugging of the data acquisition module. Set up a MEMS rain sensor, a MEMS pressure sensor, and a MEMS thermal flow sensor in the mountain area to collect data such as rainfall, pressure, and thermal flow rate, and fix the sensors inside the integrated housing. As Figure 2 shown, the integrated housing is in the shape of a cuboid, about 10 cm long, about 6 cm wide, and about 4 cm high. The four corners are rounded. It is made of high-strength, waterproof, and corrosion-resistant engineering plastic with an internal metal shielding layer, such as polycarbonate (PC) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS). Multiple evenly distributed circular holes 1 are opened at the top for the MEMS rain sensor to vertically receive raindrops. The MEMS rain sensor is installed on the top of the integrated housing through fixing bolts. As Figure 4 shown, the MEMS pressure sensor is installed at the central position of the bottom. The sensing surface 5 of the pressure sensor is flush with the bottom surface of the housing, and small water inlet holes with a diameter of about 2 mm are distributed around it. As Figure 3 shown, the MEMS thermal flow sensor is installed at the middle position of the side. The sensing surface 4 of the flow sensor protrudes about 1 cm from the surface of the housing. One end is provided with a data interface 2 and a power interface 3 using a waterproof sealed plug. There is a raised waterproof sealing ring around the interface. Inside, there is a card slot 6 for fixing the MEMS pressure sensor, and it is filled with shock-absorbing and heat-insulating material silicone.

[0033] Step 2: Build a sensor interface circuit including a single-pole triple-throw electronic switch, an ADC chip, and a microprocessor, which is used to stably transmit and process the output signals of the MEMS rain sensor, MEMS pressure sensor, and MEMS thermal flow sensor. The single-pole triple-throw electronic switch is used to select different sensor signals. The single-pole triple-throw electronic switch is composed of a logic circuit and an electronic switch element inside. The input level of its control pin determines the conduction path of the switch. The microcontroller is the core of the entire control process. Through programming, specific digital output pins are set to high level or low level. When a certain digital output pin of the microcontroller is at high level, the internal logic circuit of the single-pole triple-throw electronic switch will recognize this high-level signal and conduct the switch to the corresponding input terminal, so that the output signal of the sensor connected to this input terminal can be transmitted to the subsequent circuit through the switch. For example, when selecting the output signal of the MEMS rain sensor, the control pin connected to the rain sensor is set to high level, and other pins are set to low level. In this way, the single-pole triple-throw electronic switch will conduct the signal channel of the rain sensor and transmit the output of the rain sensor to the subsequent signal conditioning component and ADC chip. The ADC chip is used to convert analog signals into digital signals, and the microcontroller is used to process and analyze the converted data. When the sensor generates an analog signal, the single-pole triple-throw electronic switch selects the corresponding sensor signal and outputs it to the signal conditioning component for processing. The processed signal enters the ADC chip for analog-to-digital conversion. After the ADC chip completes the conversion, its digital output pin outputs the digital signal to the line connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller receives these digital signals through its corresponding input pins. At the same time, the microcontroller sends control signals to the ADC chip through the line connected to the control pin of the ADC chip. These control signals can be pulses to start ADC conversion, codes to select specific sensor channels. Specifically, first is the MEMS rain sensor, whose output 0-5V analog voltage signal is directly connected to input terminal 1 of a three-way analog electronic switch. The output signal of the MEMS pressure sensor is also a 0-5V analog voltage, which is connected to input terminal 2 of this electronic switch. The output signal of the MEMS thermal flow sensor is also connected to input terminal 3 of the electronic switch. The output terminal of the electronic switch is connected to a low-pass filter for filtering. The filtered signal is then connected to the non-inverting input terminal of a non-inverting proportional amplifier composed of an operational amplifier LM358. The feedback resistor One end is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the other end is connected to the inverting input terminal for input. The input resistor One end is connected to the non-inverting input terminal, and the other end is grounded. The input signal current flows to the ground through the input resistor While the current at the output terminal of the operational amplifier flows through the feedback resistor flows to the inverting input terminal. Since the operational amplifier automatically adjusts the output voltage so that the potential difference between the inverting input terminal and the non-inverting input terminal is almost zero, the output voltage will amplify the input signal according to the set gain multiple. After the amplified signal is output from the output terminal of the operational amplifier, it is connected to the data encryption component.

[0034] Step 3: Build and debug the signal enhancement circuit. Build a signal enhancement circuit including a signal amplifier, an error correction encoder, an error correction decoder, and a comparator, which is used to quickly process and analyze the collected data. The signal output by the programmable logic control chip first enters the signal amplifier. The signal amplifier amplifies the input signal to enhance its intensity. The amplified signal is then transmitted to the error correction encoder. The error correction encoder adds redundant information to the signal for subsequent error detection and correction. The signal after error correction coding enters the error correction decoder again. The error correction decoder performs error detection and correction processing on the signal according to the added redundant information. The output terminal of the error correction decoder is connected to one input terminal of the comparator, and the other input terminal of the comparator is connected to the microprocessor. The microprocessor provides the expected standard signal. Among them, the microprocessor uses the STM32F4 series microprocessor. The establishment of the expected standard signal is based on the measurement range, resolution, accuracy and other characteristics of the used MEMS rain sensor, MEMS pressure sensor, and MEMS thermal flow sensor. The comparator compares the signal output by the error correction decoder with the reference signal provided by the microprocessor to determine whether the signal is correct. The input port of the edge computing server is connected to the output terminal of the signal enhancement circuit, which means that the signal after the above processing and comparison will be input into the edge computing server.

[0035] Step 4: The enhanced signal is encrypted by the data encryption component. Build a data encryption component including a programmable logic control chip, a digital signal processor, an encryption coprocessor, and a random number generator, which is used to encrypt and protect the collected data and improve the security of the data. When encryption operation is required, the programmable logic control chip sends instructions and keys to the digital signal processor and receives the encrypted result. When the encryption coprocessor generates a new key, it will obtain a random number from the random number generator as the basis. The data input interface transmits the received plaintext data to the programmable logic control chip through the data line. The programmable logic control chip processes and schedules the data and passes it to the digital signal processor for encryption. After encryption is completed, the encrypted result is returned from the digital signal processor to the programmable logic control chip, and then the ciphertext data is sent through the data line of the data output interface.

[0036] Step 5: As Figure 5As shown in the figure, the input port of the edge computing server is connected to the output end of the encryption component and is connected to the central server through the PCIe bus. It is used to perform preliminary processing and analysis on the collected data. The preliminary processing includes managing the inflow and outflow speeds of encrypted data to avoid data congestion and processing delays. In order to cope with network fluctuations or the central server being busy, encrypted data is temporarily stored and buffered locally. For complex analysis and decryption requirements, the edge computing server transfers the encrypted data to the central server. The edge computing server can perform preliminary processing and analysis on the data, reducing the time and bandwidth requirements for data transmission and improving the efficiency of data processing.

[0037] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited hereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention shall be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A data transmission and processing system based on mountain torrent disaster prevention and control, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module, a transmission module and a data processing module, wherein the data acquisition module is sequentially connected to the transmission module and the data processing module; The data acquisition module includes a MEMS rain sensor, a MEMS pressure sensor and a MEMS thermal flow rate sensor, the output ends of the MEMS rain sensor, the MEMS pressure sensor and the MEMS thermal flow rate sensor are all connected to the sensor interface circuit, the transmission module includes a data encryption component and a signal enhancement circuit, the output end of the sensor interface circuit is connected to the signal enhancement circuit and the data encryption component in sequence, the data processing module includes an edge computing server, the input port of the edge computing server is connected to the output end of the encryption component, and the output port of the edge computing server is connected to the central server via a PCIe bus.

2. A data transmission and processing system based on flash flood disaster prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module also includes an integrated housing for installing and fixing the sensor, wherein a plurality of circular holes are provided on the top of the integrated housing, a fixed card slot is provided at the central position of the bottom of the integrated housing, a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the side of one end of the integrated housing, a data and power interface is provided on the side of the other end of the integrated housing, and a raised waterproof sealing ring is embedded around the data and power interface.

3. A data transmission and processing system based on flash flood disaster prevention and control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The MEMS pressure sensor is connected to the bottom of the integrated housing through a fixed slot, the sensing surface of the MEMS pressure sensor is flush with the bottom surface of the integrated housing, the MEMS thermal flow rate sensor is fixed to the side of the integrated housing through a mounting hole, the sensing surface of the MEMS thermal flow rate sensor faces the outside of the side of the integrated housing, and the MEMS rainfall sensor is installed to the top of the integrated housing through fixing bolts.

4. A data transmission and processing system based on flash flood disaster prevention and control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor interface circuit includes a single-pole three-throw electronic switch, an ADC chip and a microprocessor. Different input ends of the single-pole three-throw electronic switch are respectively connected to the output ends of a MEMS rainfall sensor, a MEMS pressure sensor and a MEMS thermal flow rate sensor. The output end of the single-pole three-throw electronic switch is connected to the signal input end of the ADC chip through a signal conditioning component. The digital output pin and control pin of the ADC chip are both connected to the corresponding pins of the microcontroller. The digital output pin of the microcontroller is connected to the single-pole three-throw electronic switch.

5. A data transmission and processing system based on flash flood disaster prevention and control according to claim 4, characterized in that: The signal conditioning component includes a common-phase proportional amplifier composed of an operational amplifier and a low-pass filter, the input end of the low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the single-pole triple-throw electronic switch, and the output end of the low-pass filter is connected to the common-phase input end of the common-phase proportional amplifier.

6. A data transmission and processing system based on flash flood disaster prevention and control according to claim 5, characterized in that: The signal conditioning component also includes an input resistor and a feedback resistor, one end of the input resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the non-inverting proportional amplifier, the other end of the input resistor is grounded, one end of the feedback resistor is connected to the non-inverting output terminal of the non-inverting proportional amplifier, and the other end of the feedback resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the non-inverting proportional amplifier.

7. A data transmission and processing system based on flash flood disaster prevention and control according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ADC chip is an ADC chip with multiple analog input channels.

8. The data transmission and processing system based on flash flood disaster prevention and control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The signal enhancement circuit includes a signal amplifier, an error correction encoder, an error correction decoder and a comparator. The input end of the signal amplifier is connected to the signal output end of the programmable logic control chip, the output end of the signal amplifier is connected to the error correction encoder and the error correction decoder in sequence, the output end of the error correction decoder is connected to one input end of the comparator, and the other input end of the comparator is connected to a microprocessor.

9. The data transmission and processing system based on flash flood disaster prevention and control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data encryption component comprises a programmable logic control chip, a digital signal processor, an encryption coprocessor and a random number generator. The programmable logic control chip is connected to the digital signal processor and the encryption coprocessor respectively, and the encryption coprocessor is connected to the random number generator.

10. A data transmission and processing system based on mountain torrent disaster prevention and control according to claim 9, characterized in that: The input port of the edge computing server is connected to the output end of the encryption component, including the input port of the edge computing server being connected to the output end of the programmable logic control chip.

Images