Double-shaft stubble cleaning, straw crushing and field returning device
By designing a double-axis stubble-removing straw return device, using the forward-removing and reverse-removing methods, the problem of incomplete crushing of straw and root stubble in the existing technology has been solved, and efficient straw covering and soil improvement has been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421761931.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-24
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to achieve efficient crushing and covering of straw and root stubble in protective tillage, resulting in clogging of seed machinery and decreasing soil fertility.
A double-axis stubble-killing and stubble-fighting and stubble-fighting device is designed. The stubble-fighting operation is completed through the forward rotation of the stubble-fighting knife group, and the stubble-fighting knife group is reversed for secondary crushing, and the straw is uniformly covered with the combing and stubble-toothing mechanism.
It has achieved efficient stubble-killing and returning stubble to the fields with full coverage of straw in protective tillage, improved the effect of corn root stubble and straw crushing, and improved soil fertility and the smoothness of sowing machines.
Smart Images
Figure CN222996998U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a double-shaft stubble and straw crushing and returning device to field. Background Technique
[0002] Corn is the main food crop in China, with characteristics such as high and stable yield and strong adaptability. It has a very high status in agricultural production. Its planting area and yield rank first among food crops. The level of corn yield directly affects the agricultural development and food security of our country. Conservation tillage reduces soil erosion and improves soil fertility by carrying out less or no-tillage on farmland, so that crop straw covers the ground surface. Among them, the no-till seeding operation of the full-straw return to field mode has relatively high requirements for the effect of straw and stubble crushing and returning to field. Poor crushing effect of straw and stubble will cause blockage of seeding machines. The fineness of crushed straw and the uniformity of surface coverage are the main indicators to measure the working performance of straw crushing and returning machines, which will have a significant impact on the quality of subsequent no-till or less-till seeding, the germination of seeds, the growth of crops and the yield. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] In view of the above existing technical problems, the utility model provides a double-shaft stubble and straw crushing and returning device to field. The stubble cutting tool group rotates forward to complete the stubble cutting operation, and the straw crushing tool group rotates reversely to complete the secondary crushing operation, realizing efficient stubble cutting and straw crushing and returning to field under the condition of full coverage of straw in conservation tillage.
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:
[0005] A double-shaft stubble and straw crushing and returning device to field of the utility model includes a frame, a stubble cutting tool group, a straw combing spring tooth mechanism, a straw crushing mechanism, a three-point hitch and a power mechanism. A three-point hitch is arranged at one end of the frame and is connected to a tractor through the three-point hitch. The input shaft of the main gearbox of the power mechanism is connected to the output shaft of the tractor. The stubble cutting tool group, the straw crushing mechanism and the straw combing spring tooth mechanism are sequentially arranged below the frame. The stubble cutting tool group is located at the front end of the work, close to the three-point hitch. The straw combing spring tooth mechanism is connected to the end of the straw crushing cover plate of the straw crushing mechanism. The main gearbox is connected to the stubble cutting tool shaft of the stubble cutting tool group through a stubble cutting transmission box, driving the stubble cutting tool group to rotate forward; the main gearbox is connected to the straw crushing tool shaft of the straw crushing mechanism through a straw crushing transmission box, driving the straw crushing tool group to rotate reversely.
[0006] Furthermore, the straw crushing mechanism includes a straw crushing tool group, a straw crushing cover plate and a straw crushing fixed knife. The straw crushing cover plate is an arc-shaped plate, which is consistent with the outer peripheral radian of the straw crushing tool group and is arranged at the end of the frame. There is a gap of 20-30 mm between the straw crushing cover plate and the outer periphery of the straw crushing tool group. A straw crushing fixed knife is arranged on the inner side of the straw crushing cover plate.
[0007] Furthermore, the straw chopping knife group includes a straw chopping knife shaft, a straw chopping knife seat and a plurality of Y-shaped straw chopping knives. Three straw chopping knife seats are evenly distributed on each rotating circle. The distance between every two groups of straw chopping knife seats is 140-150mm. The Y-shaped straw chopping knives are installed on the straw chopping knife shaft through the straw chopping knife seat in the same direction and are arranged in a spiral line along the straw chopping knife shaft.
[0008] Furthermore, the straw-chopping fixed knife installed on the straw-chopping cover plate is a straight knife.
[0009] Furthermore, in each rotating circle, three Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knives correspond to one straw-chopping fixed knife.
[0010] Furthermore, the height of the straw cover plate from the frame to the bottom is 530-550 mm, and the height from the ground is 30-50 mm.
[0011] Furthermore, the stubble cutting knife group includes a stubble cutting knife shaft, a stubble cutting knife seat, an L-shaped left stubble cutting knife, and an L-shaped right stubble cutting knife. Six stubble cutting knife seats are evenly distributed on each rotating circle, and three L-shaped left stubble cutting knives and three L-shaped right stubble cutting knives are staggeredly installed. The spacing between each two groups of stubble cutting knife seats is 130-140mm. They are installed on the circumference of the stubble cutting knife shaft at intervals through the stubble cutting knife seats, and the L-shaped left and right stubble cutting knives are arranged in a spiral line along the stubble cutting knife shaft.
[0012] Furthermore, the straw combing spring tooth mechanism comprises a group of spring teeth which are arranged in parallel with the same spacing, the distance between two adjacent spring teeth is 90-110 mm, the spring teeth are made of 65Mn spring steel, and the spring teeth have a diameter of 6-10 mm, so as to comb and flatten the crushed straw.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0014] 1. The utility model is suspended on the tractor at three points, and the power is provided by the rear output shaft of the tractor, which drives the stubble-killing knife group to rotate forward to complete the stubble-killing operation and the straw-chopping knife group to rotate reversely for secondary crushing operation, so as to realize the efficient stubble-killing and straw-chopping and returning to the field under the condition of full coverage of the protective tillage straw, and improve the crushing effect of corn stubble and straw.
[0015] 2. The stubble cutting knives of the stubble cutting knife group of the utility model are L-shaped left stubble cutting knife and L-shaped right stubble cutting knife, which are arranged in a spiral line along the stubble cutting knife axis. While completing the stubble cutting operation, the stubble roots and straw after cutting are thrown backwards into the working area of the straw crushing knife group; and the stubble cutting transmission box adopts a chain transmission method, which drives the stubble cutting knife group to rotate forward, and the speed range is 380r / min-480r / min.
[0016] 3. The straw crushing mechanism of the present utility model is composed of a straw crushing knife group, a straw crushing cover plate, and a straw crushing fixed knife installed on the straw crushing cover plate. Through the cooperation of the reversely rotating straw crushing knife group and the straw crushing fixed knife on the straw crushing cover plate, the secondary crushing of straw and stubble is completed; the straw crushing knife is a Y-shaped straw crushing curved knife, arranged in a spiral line on the straw crushing knife shaft, and the straw crushing transmission box is in a belt drive mode, driving the straw crushing knife group to rotate reversely, with a rotation speed range of 1600 r / min - 1800 r / min.
[0017] 4. The straw combing spring tooth mechanism of the present utility model is composed of multiple spring teeth arranged in parallel at the same interval, and it completes the combing and leveling of the crushed straw to prevent the accumulation of straw and soil. Description of the Drawings
[0018] Figure 1 Right view of the double-shaft stubble-breaking and straw-crushing returning-to-field device
[0019] Figure 2 Front view of the double-shaft stubble-breaking and straw-crushing returning-to-field device
[0020] Figure 3 Top view of the double-shaft stubble-breaking and straw-crushing returning-to-field device
[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the stubble-breaking knife group
[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the straw crushing knife group.
[0023] In the figure: 1. Three-point suspension frame, 2. Main gearbox, 3. Straw crushing transmission box, 4. Frame, 5. Stubble-breaking transmission box, 6. Stubble-breaking knife group, 61. Stubble-breaking knife shaft, 62. Stubble-breaking knife seat, 63. L-shaped left stubble-breaking knife, 64. L-shaped right stubble-breaking knife, 7. Straw combing spring tooth mechanism, 8. Straw crushing knife group, 81. Straw crushing knife shaft, 82. Straw crushing knife seat, 83. Y-shaped straw crushing curved knife, 9. Straw crushing cover plate. Detailed Implementation Modes
[0024] The following describes the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
[0025] Embodiment: As Figures 1 - 3As shown in the figure, a double-shaft stubble-removing and straw-crushing and returning device of the utility model comprises a frame 4, a stubble-removing knife group 6, a straw-combing spring-tooth mechanism 7, a straw-crushing mechanism, a three-point hitch 1 and a power mechanism. A three-point hitch 1 is arranged at one end of the frame and is connected to a tractor through the three-point hitch 1. The input shaft of the main gearbox 2 of the power mechanism is connected to the output shaft of the tractor. The stubble-removing knife group 6, the straw-crushing mechanism and the straw-combing spring-tooth mechanism 7 are sequentially arranged below the frame. The stubble-removing knife group 6 is located at the front end of the work and is close to the three-point hitch 1. The straw-combing spring-tooth mechanism 7 is connected to the end of the straw-crushing cover plate 9 of the straw-crushing mechanism. The main gearbox 2 drives the stubble-removing knife shaft 61 of the stubble-removing knife group 6 to rotate forward through the stubble-removing transmission box 5; the main gearbox 2 drives the straw-crushing knife shaft 81 of the straw-crushing mechanism to rotate in reverse through the straw-crushing transmission box 3. Among them, the forward rotation is the rotation in the advancing direction of the machine tool.
[0026] As Figure 1 shown, the straw-crushing mechanism comprises a straw-crushing knife group 8, a straw-crushing cover plate 9 and a straw-crushing fixed knife 10. The straw-crushing cover plate 9 is an arc-shaped plate, which is consistent with the outer circumference radian of the straw-crushing knife group 8 and is arranged at the end of the frame 4. There is a gap between the straw-crushing cover plate 9 and the outer circumference of the straw-crushing knife group 8, and the gap is 20-30 mm. A straw-crushing fixed knife 10 is arranged inside the straw-crushing cover plate 9.
[0027] As Figure 1 、 Figure 5 shown, the straw-crushing knife group 8 comprises a straw-crushing knife shaft 81, a straw-crushing knife seat 82 and a plurality of Y-shaped straw-crushing bent knives 83. Among them, 3 straw-crushing knife seats 82 are evenly distributed on each rotation circumference, and the distance between every two groups of straw-crushing knife seats is 140-150 mm. There are 48 Y-shaped straw-crushing bent knives in the figure, the distance is 145 mm, the working width is 2500 mm, and the 48 Y-shaped straw-crushing bent knives are installed on the straw-crushing knife shaft 81 through the straw-crushing knife seats 82 in the same direction and are arranged in a spiral shape along the straw-crushing knife shaft. The straw-crushing fixed knife installed on the straw-crushing cover plate is a straight knife.
[0028] There are 16 straw-crushing fixed knives 10, and 1 straw-crushing fixed knife corresponds to 3 Y-shaped straw-crushing bent knives within each rotation circumference. The height of the straw-crushing cover plate from the frame to the bottom is 530-550 mm, and the height from the ground is 30-50 mm.
[0029] As Figure 1 、 Figure 4 shown, the stubble-removing knife group 6 comprises a stubble-removing knife shaft 61, a stubble-removing knife seat 62, an L-shaped left stubble-removing knife 63 and an L-shaped right stubble-removing knife 64. 6 stubble-removing knife seats are evenly distributed on each rotation circumference, and 3 L-shaped left stubble-removing knives and 3 L-shaped right stubble-removing knives are alternately installed. The distance between every two groups of stubble-removing knife seats is 130-140 mm. Among them, there are 18 groups of stubble-removing knife seats in this example, and there are 54 L-shaped left and right stubble-removing knives respectively. They are installed on the circumference of the stubble-removing knife shaft 61 at intervals through the stubble-removing knife seats 62, and the interval is 135 mm. The L-shaped left and right stubble-removing knives 63 and 64 are respectively arranged in a spiral shape along the stubble-removing knife shaft 61.
[0030] As Figure 1 , Figure 3 shown, the comb straw spring teeth mechanism 7 includes a group of spring teeth arranged in parallel with the same interval. The distance between adjacent spring teeth is 100 mm. In this example, there are 26 spring teeth in total, the working width is 2500 mm, the material of the spring teeth is 65Mn spring steel, and the diameter of the spring teeth is 6 - 10 mm, so as to comb and level the crushed straw.
[0031] In this example, in order for the stubble cleaning transmission box 5 to meet the accurate rotational speed and large torque of the stubble cleaning cutter group 6, a chain drive mode is selected. The chain drive is driven by the main transmission box 2 and the universal joint, and then drives the stubble cleaning cutter group 6 to rotate forward, and the rotational speed range is 380 r / min - 480 r / min.
[0032] In order for the straw crushing transmission box 3 to meet the high-speed rotation of the straw crushing cutter group, a belt drive mode is selected. The belt drive is driven by the main transmission box 2 and the universal joint, and then drives the straw crushing cutter group 8 to rotate in reverse, and the rotational speed range is 1600 r / min - 1800 r / min.
[0033] When the present utility model works, the main transmission box 2 is driven by the rear output shaft of the tractor. The main transmission box 2 drives the stubble cleaning cutter group 6 and the straw crushing cutter group 8 to rotate at high speed through the stubble cleaning transmission box 5 and the straw crushing transmission box 3 respectively. The stubble cleaning cutter group 6 completes the stubble cleaning operation, and throws the stubble and straw after stubble cleaning backward into the working area of the straw crushing cutter group 8. The straw crushing cutter group 8 and the straw crushing fixed cutter 10 installed on the straw crushing cover plate 9 complete the secondary crushing of the straw and stubble. Finally, the comb straw spring teeth mechanism 7 completes the combing and leveling of the crushed straw to prevent the accumulation of straw and soil.
[0034] The components not described in detail in this application are all existing conventional technologies and will not be elaborated here.
[0035] It can be understood that the above specific description of the present utility model is only used to illustrate the present utility model and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present utility model. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present utility model can still be modified or equivalently replaced to achieve the same technical effects; as long as it meets the use requirements, it is within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A dual-axis stubble-cutting and straw-returning device, characterized in that: The machine comprises a frame, a stubble-killing knife group, a straw-combing and elastic-tooth mechanism, a straw-chopping mechanism, a three-point suspension frame and a power mechanism. The three-point suspension frame is arranged at one end of the frame, which is connected to a traction machine through the three-point suspension frame, and the main gearbox input shaft of the power mechanism is connected to the output shaft of the traction machine. The stubble-killing knife group, the straw-chopping mechanism and the straw-combing and elastic-tooth mechanism are arranged in sequence below the frame. The stubble-killing knife group is located at the front working front end, close to the three-point suspension frame, and the straw-combing and elastic-tooth mechanism is connected to the end of the straw-chopping cover plate of the straw-chopping mechanism. The main gearbox is connected to the stubble-killing knife shaft of the stubble-killing knife group through a stubble-killing transmission box, which drives the stubble-killing knife group to rotate forwardly; the main gearbox is connected to the straw-chopping knife shaft of the straw-chopping mechanism through a straw-chopping transmission box, which drives the straw-chopping knife group to rotate reversely.
2. The dual-axis stubble-cutting and straw-returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The straw crushing mechanism includes a straw crushing knife group, a straw crushing cover plate and a straw crushing fixed knife. The straw crushing cover plate is an arc-shaped plate, which is consistent with the curvature of the outer periphery of the straw crushing knife group and is arranged at the end of the frame. There is a gap of 20-30mm between the straw crushing cover plate and the outer periphery of the straw crushing knife group, and a straw crushing fixed knife is arranged on the inner side of the straw crushing cover plate.
3. The dual-axis stubble-cutting and straw-returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The straw chopping knife group includes a straw chopping knife shaft, a straw chopping knife seat and a plurality of Y-shaped straw chopping knives. Three straw chopping knife seats are evenly distributed on each rotating circle. The distance between every two groups of straw chopping knife seats is 140-150mm. The Y-shaped straw chopping knives are installed on the straw chopping knife shaft through the straw chopping knife seat in the same direction and are arranged in a spiral line along the straw chopping knife shaft.
4. The dual-axis stubble-cutting and straw-returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The straw-chopping fixed knife installed on the straw-chopping cover plate is a straight knife.
5. The dual-axis stubble-cutting and straw-returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There is one straw-chopping fixed knife corresponding to three Y-shaped straw-chopping curved knives in each rotating circle.
6. The dual-axis stubble-cutting and straw-returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height of the straw cover plate from the frame to the bottom is 530-550 mm, and the height from the ground is 30-50 mm.
7. The dual-axis stubble-cutting and straw-returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The stubble cutting knife group comprises a stubble cutting knife shaft, a stubble cutting knife seat, an L-shaped left stubble cutting knife and an L-shaped right stubble cutting knife. Six stubble cutting knife seats are evenly distributed on each rotating circle, and three L-shaped left stubble cutting knives and three L-shaped right stubble cutting knives are staggeredly installed. The spacing between each two groups of stubble cutting knife seats is 130-140mm. They are installed on the circumference of the stubble cutting knife shaft at intervals through the stubble cutting knife seats, and the L-shaped left and right stubble cutting knives are respectively arranged in a spiral line along the stubble cutting knife shaft.
8. The dual-axis stubble-cutting and straw-returning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The straw combing spring tooth mechanism comprises a group of spring teeth arranged in parallel with the same spacing, the distance between two adjacent spring teeth is 90-110 mm, the spring teeth are made of 65Mn spring steel, and the spring teeth have a diameter of 6-10 mm, so as to comb and flatten the crushed straw.