Tailstock based on control of machine tool numerical control system

Abstract

A tailstock based on control of a machine tool numerical control system comprises a tailstock body, a tailstock sleeve is arranged at the front end in the tailstock body in a sliding mode, a speed reducer is fixed to the rear end of the tailstock body, the power input end of the speed reducer is connected with a servo motor, and the power input end of the speed reducer is coaxially connected with the rear end of the tailstock sleeve in a threaded mode through a lead screw. A center sleeve is slidably mounted at the front end in the tailstock sleeve, and a center is fixed to the front end of the center sleeve. A pressure sensor is further arranged in the tailstock sleeve and located behind the center sleeve, the outer end of the lead screw extends out of the speed reducer and then is coaxially connected with an angular displacement sensor, and the servo motor, the pressure sensor and the angular displacement sensor are electrically connected with a machine tool numerical control system. The machine tool numerical control system controls starting and stopping of the servo motor according to control signals obtained by the pressure sensor and the angular displacement sensor. The utility model aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and particularly relates to a tailstock controlled by a machine tool numerical control system. Background Art

[0002] The tailstock is one of the key components of a numerical control machine tool. The movement accuracy of the tailstock sleeve directly affects the machining efficiency and machining accuracy. The movement of the tailstock sleeve of the existing numerical control machine tool is driven by hydraulic pressure, and it is difficult to control its movement accuracy through the machine tool numerical control system. In addition, when clamping a workpiece on the machine tool, the required clamping force is different due to the different weights of the workpieces. Therefore, it needs to be completed by an operator with certain experience. Otherwise, operation crashes will occur, resulting in workpiece scrapping and even damage to the machine tool. Moreover, when the workpiece needs to be unloaded from the machine tool after machining, the operator also needs to control the tailstock sleeve to retract to a safe position, with low automation degree, resulting in low efficiency of clamping workpieces on the machine tool. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The utility model provides a tailstock controlled by a machine tool numerical control system to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: A tailstock controlled by a machine tool numerical control system includes a tailstock body. A tailstock sleeve is slidably arranged at the front end inside the tailstock body. A speed reducer is fixed at the rear end of the tailstock body, and the power input end of the speed reducer is connected to a servo motor. The power input end is coaxially connected to the rear end of the tailstock sleeve through a lead screw in a threaded manner. A center sleeve is slidably installed at the front end inside the tailstock sleeve, and a center is fixed at the front end of the center sleeve. A pressure sensor is also arranged inside the tailstock sleeve, and the pressure sensor is located behind the center sleeve. The outer end of the lead screw extends out of the speed reducer and is coaxially connected to an angular displacement sensor. The servo motor, the pressure sensor, and the angular displacement sensor are respectively electrically connected to the machine tool numerical control system. The machine tool numerical control system controls the start and stop of the servo motor according to the control signals obtained by the pressure sensor and the angular displacement sensor.

[0005] An elastic member is arranged between the center sleeve and the pressure sensor, and both ends of the elastic member are respectively abutted against the center sleeve and the pressure sensor.

[0006] Both ends of the center sleeve are slidably installed inside the tailstock sleeve by sleeving double-row cylindrical roller bearings. A tapered roller bearing is also sleeved at the rear end of the center sleeve, and the tapered roller bearing is located behind the double-row cylindrical roller bearings.

[0007] The center sleeve is eccentrically installed in the tailstock sleeve, and a gear ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the rear end of the tailstock sleeve; a sliding sleeve is arranged on the tailstock body, a rack is slidably installed at one end of the sliding sleeve, and a lead screw is installed at the other end. The rack meshes with the gear ring and is threadedly connected to the lead screw. By rotating the lead screw, the rack is driven to move linearly, and then the gear ring is driven to rotate. The rotation of the gear ring causes the tailstock sleeve to rotate, realizing the adjustment of the concentricity between the center sleeve and the machine tool spindle.

[0008] A temperature sensor for detecting the tapered roller bearing is installed on the tailstock sleeve.

[0009] A locking mechanism for locking the tailstock sleeve is arranged on the tailstock body.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0011] 1. By arranging a pressure sensor on the existing tailstock driven by a lead screw and connecting it to the machine tool numerical control system, the present utility model can accurately control the telescopic position of the tailstock sleeve through the machine tool numerical control system, automatically adjust the tightening force required for workpieces with different weights, and avoid the occurrence of problems such as operation collisions, resulting in workpiece scrapping or even machine tool damage.

[0012] 2. By arranging an elastic member between the center sleeve and the pressure sensor, the present utility model reduces the impact on the pressure sensor when the workpiece contacts the center, and prolongs the service life of the pressure sensor.

[0013] 3. By arranging an angular displacement sensor on the existing tailstock driven by a lead screw and connecting it to the machine tool numerical control system, when the workpiece needs to be unloaded from the machine tool after processing, the machine tool numerical control system automatically controls the tailstock sleeve to retract to a safe position, with high automation and improved efficiency of clamping workpieces on the machine tool.

[0014] 4. The center sleeve of the present utility model is eccentrically installed in the tailstock sleeve, and the concentricity between the center sleeve and the machine tool spindle can be adjusted through an eccentric adjustment mechanism, improving the machining accuracy. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the eccentric adjustment mechanism of the tailstock sleeve of the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism of the present utility model. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0019] The present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the attached drawings Figures 1-4 and specific embodiments.

[0020] A tailstock controlled by a machine tool numerical control system includes a tailstock body 1. A tailstock sleeve 2 is slidably arranged at the front end inside the tailstock body 1. A speed reducer 3 is fixed at the rear end of the tailstock body 1. The power input end of the speed reducer 3 is connected to a servo motor 4, and the power input end is threadedly connected to the rear end of the tailstock sleeve 2 coaxially through a lead screw 5. A center sleeve 10 is slidably installed at the front end inside the tailstock sleeve 2, and a center 6 is fixed at the front end of the center sleeve 10. A pressure sensor 7 is also arranged inside the tailstock sleeve 2, and the pressure sensor 7 is located behind the center sleeve 10. The outer end of the lead screw 5 extends out of the speed reducer 3 and is coaxially connected to an angular displacement sensor 9. The servo motor 4, the pressure sensor 7, and the angular displacement sensor 9 are respectively electrically connected to the machine tool numerical control system. The machine tool numerical control system controls the start and stop of the servo motor 4 according to the control signals obtained by the pressure sensor 7 and the angular displacement sensor 9.

[0021] During operation, first, the upper limit pressure value of the tightening force required for different workpiece weights is set through the machine tool numerical control system, and the safe distance for the tailstock sleeve 2 to retract when the workpiece needs to be unloaded from the machine tool after different workpiece machining is completed is set, and the number of turns for the lead screw 5 to rotate and retract is set. Then the workpiece is clamped, and the servo motor 4 is started. The tailstock sleeve 2 is driven to extend through the speed reducer and the lead screw. When the center tightens the workpiece and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 7 reaches the upper limit pressure value, the servo motor 4 stops, and the extension of the tailstock sleeve 2 stops, avoiding problems such as crashing, workpiece scrapping, and even machine tool damage. When the workpiece machining is completed, the servo motor 4 is started, and the tailstock sleeve 2 is driven to retract through the speed reducer and the lead screw. At the same time, the angular displacement sensor 9 detects the number of turns for the lead screw 5 to rotate and retract. When the number of turns for the lead screw to rotate and retract reaches the set value, the servo motor 4 stops, and the retraction of the tailstock sleeve 2 stops, and the workpiece can be unloaded. The automation degree is high, and the efficiency of clamping the workpiece on the machine tool is improved.

[0022] Further, an elastic member 8 is arranged between the center sleeve 10 and the pressure sensor 7, and both ends of the elastic member 8 are respectively abutted against the center sleeve 10 and the pressure sensor 7. To reduce the impact on the pressure sensor when the workpiece contacts the center, and the service life of the pressure sensor is prolonged.

[0023] Preferably, the elastic member 8 is a disc spring assembly.

[0024] In one embodiment, both ends of the center sleeve 10 are slidably installed inside the tailstock sleeve 2 by sleeving double-row cylindrical roller bearings 15, and a tapered roller bearing 16 is also sleeved at the rear end of the center sleeve 10, and the tapered roller bearing 16 is located behind the double-row cylindrical roller bearings 15 to ensure the axial bearing capacity of the tailstock sleeve 2.

[0025] In the above embodiments, in order to improve the concentricity between the center sleeve and the machine tool spindle and ensure the machining accuracy, the center sleeve 10 is eccentrically installed in the tailstock sleeve 2, and a gear ring 17 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the rear end of the tailstock sleeve 2. A sliding sleeve 18 is arranged on the tailstock body 1. One end of the sliding sleeve 18 is slidably installed with a rack 19, and the other end is installed with a lead screw 20. The rack 19 meshes with the gear ring 17 and is threadedly connected to the lead screw 20. By rotating the lead screw 20, the rack 19 is driven to move linearly, and then the gear ring 17 is driven to rotate. The rotation of the gear ring 17 causes the tailstock sleeve 2 to rotate, realizing the adjustment of the concentricity between the center sleeve 10 and the machine tool spindle.

[0026] In one embodiment, in order to prevent the inability to know after the tapered roller bearing 16 is damaged, a temperature sensor 14 for detecting the working temperature of the tapered roller bearing 16 is installed on the tailstock sleeve 2.

[0027] In one embodiment, a locking mechanism 11 for locking the position of the tailstock sleeve 2 is arranged on the tailstock body 1 to reduce the force on the lead screw and extend the service life of the lead screw.

[0028] Preferably, the locking mechanism 11 is a hydraulic locking mechanism.

[0029] In one embodiment, the tailstock body 1 is fixed on the base 12, and the base 12 drives the tailstock to move along the machine tool guide rail through a motor 13 driving a gear-rack pair.

[0030] The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the implementation scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the content described in the claims of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tailstock controlled by a machine tool numerical control system, comprising a tailstock body (1), a tailstock sleeve (2) being slidably arranged at the front end of the tailstock body (1), a reducer (3) being fixed at the rear end of the tailstock body (1), and a power input end of the reducer (3) being connected to a servo motor (4), and the power input end being coaxially threadedly connected to the rear end of the tailstock sleeve (2) through a lead screw (5), characterized in that: A top sleeve (10) is slidably mounted at the front end of the tailstock sleeve (2), and a top sleeve (6) is fixed at the front end of the top sleeve (10); a pressure sensor (7) is also arranged in the tailstock sleeve (2), and the pressure sensor (7) is located behind the top sleeve (10); an angular displacement sensor (9) is coaxially connected to the outer end of the lead screw (5) after extending out of the reducer (3); the servo motor (4), the pressure sensor (7) and the angular displacement sensor (9) are respectively electrically connected to a machine tool numerical control system; and the machine tool numerical control system controls the start and stop of the servo motor (4) according to control signals obtained by the pressure sensor (7) and the angular displacement sensor (9).

2. The tailstock controlled by a machine tool numerical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic member (8) is provided between the top sleeve (10) and the pressure sensor (7), and two ends of the elastic member (8) are respectively against the top sleeve (10) and the pressure sensor (7).

3. The tailstock controlled by a machine tool numerical control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the top sleeve (10) are slidably mounted in the tailstock sleeve (2) by means of double-row cylindrical roller bearings (15). The rear end of the top sleeve (10) is also provided with a tapered roller bearing (16), and the tapered roller bearing (16) is located behind the double-row cylindrical roller bearing (15).

4. The tailstock controlled by a machine tool numerical control system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The top sleeve (10) is eccentrically mounted in the tailstock sleeve (2), and a gear ring (17) is fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the rear end of the tailstock sleeve (2); a sliding sleeve (18) is arranged on the tailstock body (1), a rack (19) is slidably mounted on one end of the sliding sleeve (18), and a screw rod (20) is mounted on the other end; the rack (19) is meshed with the gear ring (17) and is threadedly connected with the screw rod (20); the screw rod (20) is rotated to drive the rack (19) to move linearly, thereby driving the gear ring (17) to rotate; the rotation of the gear ring (17) causes the tailstock sleeve (2) to rotate, thereby achieving the adjustment of the concentricity of the top sleeve (10) and the machine tool spindle.

5. The tailstock controlled by a machine tool numerical control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (14) for detecting the temperature of the tapered roller bearing (16) is installed on the tailstock sleeve (2).

6. The tailstock controlled by a machine tool numerical control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tailstock body (1) is provided with a locking mechanism (11) for locking the tailstock sleeve (2).

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