Flying saucer type aquatic plant ecological carrier

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of water body ecological restoration, and particularly discloses a flying saucer type aquatic plant ecological carrier which comprises a containing shell, a soil matrix is stored in the containing shell, the containing shell comprises an upper saucer shell and a lower saucer shell which are fixedly connected, the upper saucer shell and the lower saucer shell are both provided with streamline curved surface structures protruding outwards, and holes are formed in the upper saucer shell. The scheme is used for solving the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency caused by the fact that a device with small disturbance on bottom mud in the prior art needs to be manually clamped and put down.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water body ecological restoration, in particular to a UFO-shaped waterweed ecological carrier. Background Technique

[0002] In the water environment treatment projects of rivers, lakes and reservoirs, the treatment of polluted sediment is an important task, and its purpose is to eliminate the release of pollutants from the sediment to the overlying water and restore the ecological function of the polluted water body. Dredging is one of the main treatment methods for polluted sediment in rivers, lakes and reservoirs in China at present. However, with the increase in the amount of dredging work in recent years, the large generation of its subsequent products has gradually become a major bottleneck in the dredging project. Realizing the resource utilization of silt through multiple channels is an important direction for the subsequent disposal of the products of the dredging project. On the other hand, in-situ covering and ecological restoration of polluted sediment are also one of the effective methods to solve sediment pollution. Covering materials such as uncontaminated sediment, gravel, sand or some artificial foundation materials are covered on the original sediment, which can inhibit the release of pollutants in the sediment.

[0003] In 1978, the United States first implemented an in-situ covering project. Subsequently, Japan, Norway and Canada successively implemented this technology in 1983, 1992 and 1995. However, generally sand, soil, etc. are used as covering materials, and there are generally problems such as strong bottom disturbance, easy surface pollution, floating mud disturbance and diffusion and release. Therefore, covering materials with slow bottom landing and low disturbance have become the development direction. At the same time, if the sediment covering can be combined with waterweed restoration, it will play an important role in the restoration of the ecosystem and the maintenance of good water quality. A large number of studies have shown that restoring waterweeds in water bodies can improve the transparency of water bodies, reduce the disturbance of wind and waves and provide a good habitat environment for aquatic animals.

[0004] In the prior art, such as a submerged plant planting device with reduced bottom mud disturbance with the patent publication number of CN216163718U, the device is set in a conical structure, and submerged plants are fixed in the conical structure. The planting frame with submerged plants is inserted into the bottom mud through a hand-held clamp. However, this method requires manual clamping to ensure that the planting device is stably inserted into the bottom mud and the disturbance is reduced. However, manual clamping and placement have problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency. And for bottom mud at different depths, it is difficult to ensure that the insertion process will not cause disturbance when the bottom of the water cannot be seen clearly. If the direct throwing method is adopted, the sinking speed of the planting device is too fast due to the design of the conical structure, resulting in the disturbance of the bottom mud. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a UFO-shaped waterweed ecological carrier to solve the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency caused by the need for manual clamping and lowering of the device with small disturbance to the bottom mud in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A UFO-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier, including a containing shell for storing soil matrix inside. The containing shell includes an upper dish shell and a lower dish shell fixedly connected. Both the upper dish shell and the lower dish shell have a streamlined curved surface structure protruding outward, and the upper dish shell is provided with holes.

[0008] The principle and advantages of this solution are as follows: When adopting this solution, by setting the upper dish shell and the lower dish shell into a streamlined curved surface structure protruding outward, the overall containing shell presents a UFO shape. The soil matrix required for plant growth is stored in the containing shell, and then the plants extend out from the holes, facilitating the growth of plants. The entire solution enables the ecological carrier equipped with plants and soil matrix to slowly settle during placement due to its UFO shape, and causes little disturbance to the bottom mud when it sinks to the bottom. Compared with the traditional bottom mud covering technology that directly puts a large amount of sand and gravel in a covering manner, the characteristics of large size and slow settlement of this solution can reduce the disturbance to the bottom mud and the damage to the water body during the construction of bottom mud covering. In addition, compared with the existing technology that requires manual cooperation for clamping and planting, on the basis of ensuring little disturbance to the bottom mud, there is no need to adopt the manual insertion method, greatly reducing the planting difficulty of submerged plants and improving the placement efficiency.

[0009] In addition, in the prior art, the entire planting device is manually operated to insert the conical structure into the bottom mud, which is more inclined to plant plants in the bottom mud and has a small coverage area of the bottom mud; while in this solution, after the ecological carrier is placed, it automatically falls on the bottom mud under its own weight. Due to the streamlined curved surface structure protruding outward of the containing shell, the protrusion of the lower dish shell can automatically sink into the bottom mud to form a shield for the bottom mud, and the streamlined curved surface protrusion of the upper dish shell enables the streamlined characteristics of the streamlined curved surface to make the ecological carrier not easily carried away under the water body fluctuation when there are waves in the water body, thus helping to ensure the fixation of the ecological carrier relative to the bottom mud. When multiple UFO-shaped aquatic plant ecological carriers are used for bottom mud restoration, the obstacle area composed of the protruding parts of the upper dish shells can effectively reduce the lake bottom flow velocity from 0.1 - 0.5 m / s to 0.06 - 0.1 m / s in the obstacle area. After inserting submerged plants, the lake bottom flow velocity in the obstacle area can be effectively reduced to 0.03 - 0.05 m / s, which is lower than the starting flow velocity of lake bottom sediment of 0.06 - 0.2 m / s, achieving the situation of preventing water flow from disturbing the bottom mud and causing pollution.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, flanges are provided at the edges of both the upper dish shell and the lower dish shell. Through the setting of the flanges, the maximum cross-sectional area of the entire ecological carrier is larger, which helps to reduce the speed of the ecological carrier falling towards the bottom mud.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, mounting holes are provided on the flange, and the mounting holes are used for the detachable connection of the upper disc shell and the lower disc shell.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, the upper disc shell and the lower disc shell are fixedly connected by inserting bolts into the mounting holes, so that the disassembly of the upper disc shell and the lower disc shell is simple and convenient.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the curved surface structures of the upper disc shell and the lower disc shell are symmetrically arranged to reduce the manufacturing cost of the upper disc shell and the lower disc shell.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, the height of the accommodation shell is 1 / 7 - 1 / 2 of the outer diameter of the flange, so that the upper disc shell and the lower disc shell present a flat elliptical structure. Compared with the spherical shape, it can not only reduce the height of the ecological carrier and ensure the stability on the bottom mud of the flying saucer-shaped structure (the contact area between the lower disc shell and the bottom mud is larger, and the impact of the water flow on the upper disc shell is smaller, so the ecological carrier is more stable on the bottom mud), but also facilitate the opening of holes for planting plants on the upper disc shell.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the outer diameter of the flange is 10 - 20 cm, and the height of the accommodation shell is 3 - 6 cm.

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, it further includes a porous sachet for loading soil matrix. The porous sachet is placed in the accommodation shell. Through the setting of the porous sachet, the soil matrix can be loaded into the porous sachet and then into the accommodation shell, avoiding the problem that the soil matrix directly spills out from the holes of the accommodation shell.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the number of the holes is multiple, and the projections of the holes along the interface of the upper disc shell and the lower disc shell are equally spaced, so as to facilitate the implantation of more plants on the ecological carrier.

[0018] Preferably, as an improvement, each hole is a square hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the front perspective view of the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the exploded view of.

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the top view of.

[0022] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the sinking process of the flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier of the embodiment of the present utility model after inserting submerged plants and putting them into the water body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0024] The reference numerals in the attached drawings of the specification include: upper disc shell 1, lower disc shell 2, bladder 3, bolt 4, hole 5, water body 6, floating mud 7, and bottom mud 8.

[0025] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figures 1 to 4 drawing.

[0026] A flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier includes a containing shell and a soil matrix bagged in an ecological bladder 3 located inside the containing shell.

[0027] The containing shell includes a detachable upper disc shell 1 and a lower disc shell 2. Both the upper disc shell 1 and the lower disc shell 2 have a flat streamline curved surface structure protruding outward. Flanges are integrally formed at the edges of the upper disc shell 1 and the lower disc shell 2. There are a plurality of mounting holes circumferentially on the flange, and the plurality of mounting holes are evenly distributed circumferentially on the flange. Through the mounting holes, it is convenient to form a detachable fixed connection between the upper disc shell 1 and the lower disc shell 2 by using bolts 4. Among them, the upper disc shell 1 is provided with a plurality of holes 5 for inserting plants.

[0028] The projection of the hole 5 on the flange is a square, the side length of the square projection is 2 cm, and the number of holes 5 is 12, which are arranged at intervals of 2 cm horizontally and vertically.

[0029] The manufacturing method of the upper disc shell 1 and the lower disc shell 2 is as follows: Mix dehydrated silt mud cake with a moisture content of 45%-60% evenly with a silt curing agent (the silt curing agent is any one of cement, lime, slag, sodium metasilicate, and gypsum). The mass ratio of the dehydrated silt mud cake to the curing agent is 1:1 to 1:3. After the dehydrated silt mud cake and the curing agent are evenly mixed, under a pressure of 1-8 Mpa (where the curing agent uses Portland cement), it is pressed for 1-8 h to form. After curing for 28 days in an environment with a temperature of about 20 degrees Celsius (20±5°C) and a humidity of about 95%, the upper disc shell 1 / lower disc shell 2 with a strength reaching 3-4 Mpa is obtained, which fully meets the use requirements of the ecological carrier. The streamline curved surface structure, flange, mounting holes, and holes 5 of the upper disc shell 1 / lower disc shell 2 are all integrally formed during pressing.

[0030] After the upper disc shell 1 and the lower disc shell 2 are assembled, they are symmetrically arranged in terms of the curved surface structure and the flange. The height of the containing shell is 1 / 7-1 / 2 of the outer diameter of the flange.

[0031] Specifically, the outer diameter of the flange is 10-20 cm (that is, the maximum outer diameter of the ecological carrier), the height of the containing shell is 3-6 cm, and the shell thickness of the upper disc shell 1 and the lower disc shell 2 is 0.5-1.5 cm. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the flange is 20 cm and the height of the containing shell is 6 cm, that is, both the upper disc shell 1 and the lower disc shell 2 are 3 cm.

[0032] The ecological bag in this embodiment is a woven geotextile bag. The preparation and usage method of the soil matrix in the porous bag 3 are as follows: Dewatered mud cake, gravel, straw powder, and activated carbon are pre-mixed according to a mass ratio of 10:1:1:0.1. After mixing, it is filled into the finished porous bag 3 and sealed with geotextile straps. Among them, the dewatered mud cake is used as the main matrix material, and the straw powder provides sufficient organic matter for the matrix, which is beneficial to the growth of submerged plants; activated carbon is added as an adsorption material to enhance the stability of the matrix substances and prevent the release of possible pollutants in the matrix.

[0033] This embodiment provides an assembly method for an ecological carrier, which includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. Place the porous bag 3 filled with the soil matrix into the pressed lower dish shell 2, then buckle the upper dish shell 1 on the lower dish shell 2, align the mounting holes on the upper and lower flanges, and then fixedly connect the upper dish shell 1 and the lower dish shell 2 through the mounting holes with bolts 4.

[0035] S2. Insert submerged organisms into the reserved holes 5 in the upper dish shell 1.

[0036] The submerged organisms include a combination of Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, Potamogeton distinctus, Potamogeton crispus, etc.

[0037] The interpolation method of the submerged plants is as follows: Pierce the position of the porous bag 3 corresponding to the hole 5, and then let the plants pass through the hole 5 and the pierced opening, so that the roots and rhizomes of the plants are inserted into the soil matrix of the porous bag 3 to form the interpolation of the submerged plants on the ecological carrier.

[0038] This embodiment also provides a method for covering the surface of the polluted sediment with a flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier, which is used to put into the flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier on the surface of the polluted sediment 8 to be covered or the surface of the submerged plant restoration area, and evenly put multiple flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carriers with submerged plants inserted per square meter; specifically, in this embodiment, 4 - 8 flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carriers are evenly put per square meter.

[0039] When this embodiment is adopted, the flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier can slowly settle by virtue of its own gravity, and the settling speed to the bottom is 3 - 5 cm / s, with extremely small disturbance to the surface of the sediment 8, and it can cover the suspended matter and floating mud 7 on the surface of the sediment 8 in a state with basically no secondary suspension release, so as to effectively prevent the release of pollutants in the sediment 8 and at the same time realize the ecological restoration effect of submerged plants.

[0040] In summary, this embodiment utilizes the sludge generated by the dredging project and solidifies it into the required disc-shaped upper dish shell 1 and lower dish shell 2 by means of dehydration - pressing - curing, realizing the resource utilization of the products of the dredging project.

[0041] A porous sachet 3 (ecological geotextile bag) filled with soil matrix is arranged in the flying saucer-shaped accommodation shell, which is convenient for inserting seedlings of submerged plants such as Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata, and Potamogeton distinctus, so that the completed ecological carrier as a whole forms a flat and flying saucer-shaped structure containing a plant growth agent base and planted with submerged plants on it. The ecological carrier is placed on the surface of the bottom mud 8, which can not only cover the polluted bottom mud 8 but also help the growth of submerged plants in the water body 6. Moreover, in this embodiment, by utilizing the external shape characteristics of the biological carrier, the disturbance during the dropping and sedimentation is small, the coverage area of the bottom mud 8 after dropping is large, and the ecological carrier can be stabilized in the bottom mud 8 with its own external shape characteristics.

[0042] The above are only the embodiments of the present utility model. Specific technical solutions and / or common knowledge such as characteristics well known in the art are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present utility model and the practicability of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier, comprising a containing shell, wherein the containing shell is used to store a soil matrix, and characterized in that: The accommodating shell comprises an upper dish shell and a lower dish shell which are fixedly connected. Both the upper dish shell and the lower dish shell have a streamlined curved surface structure protruding outwards, and a hole is arranged on the upper dish shell.

2. A flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edges of the upper dish shell and the lower dish shell are both provided with flanges.

3. A flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flange is provided with a mounting hole.

4. The flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper dish shell and the lower dish shell are fixedly connected by inserting bolts into the mounting holes.

5. The flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier according to claim 4, characterized in that: The curved surface structures of the upper dish shell and the lower dish shell are symmetrically arranged to reduce the manufacturing cost of the upper dish shell and the lower dish shell.

6. The flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the containing shell is 1 / 7-1 / 2 of the outer diameter of the flange.

7. The flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the flange is 10-20 cm, and the height of the containing shell is 3-6 cm.

8. A flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Also included is a porous bag for containing the soil substrate, which is placed in the containing shell.

9. A flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: There are multiple holes, and the holes are evenly spaced along the projection of the interface between the upper dish shell and the lower dish shell.

10. The flying saucer-shaped aquatic plant ecological carrier according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each hole is a square hole.

Images