Composite protection structure for river bed bank slope in mountainous area

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mountainous area riverbed bank slope composite protection structure which comprises an anchoring protection slope, an ecological conservation buffer slope used for storage and purification and an energy dissipation and scour prevention protection slope. An anti-slide pile is arranged between the energy dissipation anti-scour protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope, and a gabion net is arranged between the ecological conservation buffer slope and the anchoring protection slope. Economic crops are planted on the riverbed, ecology and benefits are considered, the stability of the riverbed is enhanced, meanwhile, the bank slope protection bottom is prevented from being eroded and scoured, and the bank slope protection firmness is improved; the anchor rods arranged perpendicular to the slope face stabilize plants on the slope, meanwhile, rainwater is prevented from scouring and infiltrating the bank slope, and the situation that rainwater flows into the bank slope to damage a riverbed protection area is avoided; three layers of protection areas are sequentially arranged to prevent rainwater from impacting a bank slope and a riverbed from top to bottom, prevent longitudinally flowing river water from scouring a slope bank from bottom to top, and prevent silt loss in multiple directions, so that the firmness of bank slope protection is guaranteed, and the safety of crops and people properties on the two banks of the river bank is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a riverbank slope protection device, in particular to a composite protection structure for a mountain riverbed bank slope. Background Art

[0002] In mountainous areas, due to poor soil, serious soil erosion, and scarce vegetation on the riverbed, the water level rises and falls steeply during the flood season every year. Heavy rainfall in a short period of time causes the water flow to rush into the river before it can infiltrate, scouring the riverbank slope, resulting in soil erosion and damaging the protection function of the slope. At the same time, the rapidly rising river water also impacts the riverbed, causing soil erosion in the river and widening the river channel, further damaging the flood resistance function of the slope and endangering the crops and people's property safety on both sides of the river embankment. Currently, the protection methods for mountain riverbank slopes mainly include vegetation protection slopes, gabion mesh protection slopes, or concrete protection slopes. Vegetation protection slopes can, to a certain extent, resist the erosion of rainwater, but they cannot cope with the sudden rise of river water. The flood season in mountainous areas is relatively short. During the non-flood season, the gabion mesh and concrete protection slopes have poor compatibility with the surrounding environment and affect the surrounding ecological development. At the same time, the riverbed is occupied by illegally planted crops, and the buffer zone is squeezed. The protection of the riverbed and the protection of the riverbank slope cannot be combined and mutually assisted, further weakening the flood resistance function of the protection slope. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] Purpose of the Utility Model: The purpose of the utility model is to provide a composite protection structure for a mountain riverbed bank slope that takes into account both riverbank protection and ecological effects and organically combines riverbed protection and slope protection.

[0004] Technical Solution: The composite protection structure for a mountain riverbed bank slope described in the utility model includes an anchor protection slope, and also includes an ecological conservation buffer slope for storage and purification and an energy dissipation and erosion prevention protection slope sequentially arranged below the anchor protection slope; anti-slide piles are arranged between the energy dissipation and erosion prevention protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope, and gabion meshes are arranged between the ecological conservation buffer slope and the anchor protection slope.

[0005] Furthermore, the energy dissipation and anti-scouring protection slope includes adjacent hexagonal slope protection bricks for collecting silt and resisting the impact of river water, and economic crops that are resistant to flooding and lodging are planted in the bricks; the ecological conservation buffer slope includes a gravel layer for storing and purifying rainwater, on which a backfill soil layer is laid, and shallow-rooted herbaceous plants whose roots are entangled in the soil to improve the firmness of the soil are planted in the backfill soil layer. The crops planted on the energy dissipation and anti-scouring protection slope have lush branches and leaves and have a interception effect. They can resist the erosion and scouring of the riverbed by rainwater during sudden rainfall. The developed root system of the crops can promote the infiltration of rainwater into the soil layer to improve the shear strength of the riverbed; when floods scour the river channel, the slope protection bricks in the energy dissipation and anti-scouring protection slope can maintain the stability of the bank protection in the high flow rate area, and at the same time resist the combined shear force of downward water flow, horseshoe vortex and surface water flow, so that the silt falls into the holes of the slope protection bricks, and the stability of the bank protection edge bed surface is enhanced. The ecological conservation buffer slope further intercepts the scouring of rainwater and at the same time purifies rainwater to reduce or prevent sediment from flowing into the river channel. The two work together to gradually reduce the scouring of the river channel by precipitation and floods from the riverbed to the slope, ensuring that the bottom of the anchor protection slope is not easily damaged by impact. While improving the protective performance of the anchor protection slope, the riverbed protection and slope protection are organically combined to prevent soil erosion and the safety of the slope, thereby ensuring the safety of crops and people’s property on both sides of the river bank.

[0006] Furthermore, in the non-flood season, economic crops that are resistant to flooding and lodging are planted in the energy dissipation and anti-scouring layer, such as leguminous plants: Sesbania, etc., or medicinal materials: Saposhnikovia, Anemarrhena, Lithospermum, Curcuma, etc., to enhance the ecological value of the river; when the flood season comes, the lush branches and leaves and developed root system can resist the erosion and scouring of the riverbed by rainwater; the silt of the settlement provides nutrients for the crops, and they can continue to grow after the short flood season to generate income for the local people.

[0007] Furthermore, the anchoring protection slope includes concrete piles and multiple groups of anchor rods and concrete blocks. The outer wall of the concrete block is provided with a stainless steel frame for fixing it. One end of the anchor rod is fixed to the four corners of the stainless steel frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the concrete pile. The anchor rod is perpendicular to the slope of the anchoring protection slope and fixedly connected to the concrete pile to fix the concrete block, effectively fixing the concrete block while resisting rainwater erosion and infiltration, thereby improving the stability of the anchoring protection slope. Salix psammophila is planted on the concrete block. The diameter of the planting of Salix psammophila is 4 to 5 cm, and the planting interval of Salix psammophila is 0.5 to 0.7 m. Salix psammophila of a certain diameter and a suitable spacing distance are conducive to the survival rate of Salix psammophila, so that it grows rapidly and integrates with the surrounding soil to stabilize the bank slope. The anchoring protection slope improves the ecological landscape effect and has the function of bank slope protection, increases the stability of the bank slope, and has the advantages of high ecological and environmental protection and large slope protection capacity.

[0008] Furthermore, the anchor rod is a variable-diameter rod, and its outer wall is wrapped with an anchor solid that bonds the rod body to the soil; a nut for fixing the concrete block is provided at the small-diameter end of the anchor rod. While fixing the concrete block, the anchor rod with a smaller diameter has a certain flexibility to resist the impact force of the Salix psammophila swaying in strong winds. The large-diameter end of the anchor rod is fixed in the concrete pile, which can firmly fix the anchor rod, the concrete block and the Salix psammophila, increasing the stability of the anchored protective slope.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the gabion net protrudes from the backfill soil layer of the ecological conservation buffer slope, and the bottom is flush with the bottom of the gravel layer of the ecological conservation buffer slope. The gabion net cage body is made of wire mesh and contains large stones, which can effectively block the scouring of rainwater on the slope and effectively purify the rainwater, avoiding more sediment from flowing into the river.

[0010] Furthermore, the top of the anti-slide pile is higher than the tops of the energy dissipation and erosion prevention protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope, and the bottom is lower than the bottoms of the energy dissipation and erosion prevention protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope, connecting the energy dissipation and erosion prevention protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope into one body. While doing a good job in riverbed protection, it effectively prevents the bottom of the slope from being scoured longitudinally by the river water, causing the slope protection layer to slowly erode and break from the bottom and lose the protection effect.

[0011] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages: 1. Economic crops are planted on the riverbed, taking into account both ecology and benefits, enhancing the stability of the riverbed, and at the same time preventing the bottom of the bank slope protection from being eroded and scoured, thereby increasing the firmness of the bank slope protection; 2. The anchor rods arranged perpendicular to the slope surface stabilize the plants on the slope while blocking the scouring and infiltration of rainwater on the bank slope, thereby avoiding the damage to the riverbed protection area caused by rainwater flowing into the bank slope; 3. The three-layer protection areas arranged in sequence prevent the impact of rainwater on the bank slope and the riverbed from top to bottom, and prevent the scouring of the longitudinal flowing river water on the slope bank from bottom to top, preventing sediment loss in multiple directions, thereby ensuring the firmness of the bank slope protection and ensuring the safety of crops and people's property on both sides of the river embankment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the anchor rod of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0014] The technical solution of the utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0015] As Figure 1 shown, a mountain riverbed bank slope composite protection structure includes an anchored protection slope, an ecological conservation buffer slope, and an energy dissipation and erosion prevention protection slope arranged in sequence from the bank slope to the riverbed. The concrete pile 1 and the concrete block 4 of the anchored protection slope are fixedly connected by the anchor rod 2, asFigure 2 The shown anchor rod 2 is a variable-diameter rod, and its outer wall is wrapped with an anchor solid 13 that bonds the rod body to the soil. The small-diameter end of the anchor rod 2 is fixed at the four corners of a square stainless-steel structure wrapped around the outer wall of the concrete block 4 through a nut 11, and the large-diameter end is fixedly connected to the inside of the concrete pile 1. Salix psammophila 3 is planted in the middle of the concrete block 4. The planting diameter of Salix psammophila is 4 cm, and the planting interval of Salix psammophila is 0.5 m (the planting interval can also be adjusted according to the planting diameter of Salix psammophila. When the planting diameter of Salix psammophila is 5 cm, the planting interval is 0.7 m). The ecological conservation buffer slope includes a gravel layer 10 for storing and purifying rainwater, on which a backfill soil layer 7 is laid. In the backfill soil layer 7, shallow-rooted herbaceous plants 6 are planted, whose roots are intertwined in the soil to enhance the firmness of the soil. A gabion mesh 5 is arranged between the ecological conservation buffer slope and the anchoring protection slope. The cage body is a wire mesh, and large stones are installed inside it. The top of the gabion mesh 5 protrudes from the backfill soil layer 7 of the ecological conservation buffer slope, and the bottom is flush with the bottom of the gravel layer 10 of the ecological conservation buffer slope. The energy dissipation and erosion prevention protection slope includes adjacent hexagonal slope protection bricks 12 for collecting silt and resisting the impact of river water at the same time. Sesbania cannabina 9 (or medicinal materials: Saposhnikovia divaricata, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Curcuma zedoaria, etc.) is planted in the bricks. A landslide-resistant pile 8 is arranged between the energy dissipation and erosion prevention protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope. Its top is higher than the tops of the energy dissipation and erosion prevention protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope, and its bottom is lower than the bottoms of the energy dissipation and erosion prevention protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope.

Claims

1. A composite protection structure for riverbed slopes in mountainous areas, including an anchored protection slope, characterized in that: It also includes an ecological conservation buffer slope and an energy dissipation and anti-collision protection slope for storage and purification, which are arranged in sequence below the anchor protection slope; anti-slip piles (8) are arranged between the energy dissipation and anti-collision protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope, and a gabion mesh (5) is arranged between the ecological conservation buffer slope and the anchor protection slope.

2. The composite protection structure for riverbed and slope in mountainous area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy dissipation and anti-scour protection slope comprises adjacent hexagonal slope protection bricks (12) for collecting silt and resisting the impact of river water, and economic crops (9) that are resistant to waterlogging and lodging are planted in the bricks.

3. The composite protection structure for riverbed and slope in mountainous area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ecological conservation buffer slope comprises a gravel layer (10) for storing and purifying rainwater, on which a backfill soil layer (7) is laid, and in the backfill soil layer (7) are planted shallow-rooted herbaceous plants (6) whose roots are intertwined in the soil to improve the firmness of the soil.

4. The composite protection structure for riverbed and slope in mountainous area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anchor protection slope comprises a concrete pile (1) and a plurality of groups of anchor rods (2) and a concrete block (4); the outer wall of the concrete block (4) is provided with a stainless steel frame for fixing the concrete block; one end of the anchor rod (2) is fixed to the four corners of the stainless steel frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the concrete pile (1); and Salix psammophila (3) is planted on the concrete block (4).

5. The composite protection structure for riverbed and slope in mountainous area according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The planting diameter of the Salix psammophila (3) is 4 to 5 cm, and the planting interval is 0.5 to 0.7 m.

6. The composite protection structure for riverbed and slope in mountainous area according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The anchor rod (2) is a variable diameter rod, the outer wall of which is wrapped with an anchor body (13) that bonds the rod body to the soil; a nut (11) for fixing a concrete block (4) is provided at the small diameter end of the anchor rod (2), and the large diameter end of the anchor rod (2) is fixed in the concrete pile (1).

7. The composite protection structure for riverbed and bank slope in mountainous area according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The anchor rod (2) is arranged perpendicular to the slope surface of the anchor protection slope.

8. The composite protection structure for riverbed and bank slope in mountainous area according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The top of the gabion net (5) protrudes from the backfill soil layer (7) of the ecological conservation buffer slope, and the bottom is flush with the bottom of the gravel layer (10) of the ecological conservation buffer slope; the cage body of the gabion net (5) is a wire mesh, which contains large stones.

9. The composite protection structure for riverbed and slope in mountainous area according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top end of the anti-slide pile (8) is higher than the top of the energy dissipation and anti-scouring protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope, and the bottom end is lower than the bottom of the energy dissipation and anti-scouring protection slope and the ecological conservation buffer slope.

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