Gearbox axial force loading test device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gearbox axial force loading test device, which comprises a test shaft, an upper mounting structure, a lower mounting structure and an axial force applying mechanism, the upper mounting structure comprises a bearing seat, an upper radial bearing, a thrust bearing and a lower radial bearing, and the test shaft is rotatably connected with the bearing seat through the upper radial bearing, the thrust bearing and the lower radial bearing. Labyrinth oil seals are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the bearing seat; the axial force applying mechanism comprises an oil cylinder, and a piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected with the bearing seat. According to the utility model, the test shaft is a large-span shaft, the actual connection condition of the gear box rotating shaft in actual work is fully simulated, so that the test is closer to the actual operation condition of the gear box rotating shaft, the actual performance parameters under the actual working condition are further obtained, and the reliability of the parameters is ensured; the two radial bearings are used for radially positioning and supporting the test shaft, the concentricity of the test shaft and the rotating shaft is ensured, the thrust bearing is used for bearing the axial load, and the service life of the device is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of gearbox loading tests, in particular to an axial force loading test device for a gearbox. Background Art

[0002] For coal pulverizers and ultra-large vertical water pumps, the rotating shaft of the gearbox is connected to a large-span shafting. During operation, a huge downward axial force often occurs on the rotating shaft of the gearbox. To ensure the safe operation of the coal pulverizer and the vertical water pump, their gearboxes often need to be subjected to performance tests before leaving the factory to determine the performance parameters of the gearbox. However, most manufacturers often conduct no-load tests on the gearboxes supporting such equipment, and cannot apply the axial force received during operation to the rotating shaft of the gearbox, thus unable to obtain the actual performance parameters of the gearbox. For this reason, although some manufacturers have also proposed using hydraulic cylinders to apply axial force for testing, that is, directly connecting the piston rod to the gearbox, it cannot simulate the actual operation, and thus cannot accurately measure the performance parameters of the equipment under actual working conditions, nor can it ensure the concentricity of the piston rod and the rotating shaft, further affecting the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides an axial force loading test device for a gearbox, with a clever structure. It can not only ensure the concentricity between the test shaft and the rotating shaft of the gearbox, but also fully simulate the actual connection condition and actual operation condition of the gearbox, realize the test of various performance parameters of the equipment under actual working conditions, and has strong practicability.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The axial force loading test device for a gearbox of the utility model includes a test shaft for connecting with the rotating shaft of the gearbox, and further includes an upper mounting structure and a lower mounting structure for mounting the test shaft, and an axial force applying mechanism for applying axial force to the test shaft. The test shaft is vertically arranged, and its axial length is 1.8 m - 2.5 m. The upper mounting structure includes a horizontally arranged bearing seat, an upper radial bearing, a thrust bearing and a lower radial bearing arranged in the bearing seat. The test shaft is rotationally connected to the bearing seat through the upper radial bearing, the thrust bearing and the lower radial bearing, and upper labyrinth oil seals and lower labyrinth oil seals are arranged at the orifice of the mounting hole of the bearing seat. The axial force applying mechanism includes at least a pair of oil cylinders symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the test shaft, and the piston rod of each oil cylinder is connected to the bearing seat.

[0006] The beneficial effects are as follows: The utility model uses two radial bearings to radially position and support the test shaft, and uses a thrust bearing to bear the axial load, thereby ensuring the concentricity of the test shaft and the rotating shaft; the oil cylinder is used to drive the bearing seat to rise and fall, and then the axial force is transmitted to the rotating shaft of the gearbox through the bearing seat and the test shaft to realize the loading of the axial force to meet the test requirements. The test shaft of the utility model is a long-span shaft, which fully simulates the actual connection condition of the rotating shaft of the gearbox during actual operation, makes the test closer to the actual operation condition of the rotating shaft of the gearbox, and then obtains the actual performance parameters under actual working conditions to ensure the reliability of the parameters.

[0007] Preferably, a heavy-duty spherical washer and a locking nut are sequentially arranged after the piston rod passes through the bearing seat upward to ensure a reliable connection between each piston rod and the bearing seat.

[0008] Preferably, the upper part of the test shaft is connected with a flange through a spline, and a fixing plate is arranged inside the flange. The top of the test shaft is fixedly connected with the fixing plate through bolts to ensure the integrity of the test shaft and the flange and prevent the test shaft from axially moving relative to the flange during the loading process.

[0009] Preferably, the upper radial bearing, the thrust bearing and the lower radial bearing are all rolling bearings, and the outer rings of the upper radial bearing, the thrust bearing and the lower radial bearing are all in interference fit with the mounting holes of the bearing seat.

[0010] Preferably, the lower mounting structure includes an outer shell and an inner shell fixed on the bottom plate of the outer shell. The top of the inner shell is connected with a mounting seat through bolts. A sliding bearing is arranged between the mounting seat and the test shaft, and the outer ring of the sliding bearing is connected with the mounting seat through screws. The utility model installs a sliding bearing at the lower part of the test shaft, which can play a centering role for the long-span test shaft and enable the test shaft to move up and down along the sliding bearing. The inner shell and the outer shell provide a basis for the lubrication of the sliding bearing.

[0011] More preferably, the outer ring of the sliding bearing is provided with a groove for cooperating with the screw, which can realize the adjustment of the position of the sliding bearing and further ensure the concentricity of the sliding bearing and the test shaft.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model uses two radial bearings to radially position and support the test shaft, and uses a thrust bearing to bear the axial load, thereby ensuring the concentricity of the test shaft and the rotating shaft; the oil cylinder is used to drive the bearing seat to rise and fall, and then the axial force is transmitted to the rotating shaft of the gearbox through the bearing seat and the test shaft. The utility model fully simulates the actual connection condition and actual operation condition of the rotating shaft of the gearbox, and then obtains the actual performance parameters of the gearbox under actual working conditions as much as possible to ensure the reliability of the parameters. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the test shaft and the upper mounting structure in the present utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the test shaft and the lower mounting structure in the present utility model.. Specific embodiments

[0016] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present utility model, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given. However, the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0017] It should be noted that in the description of the present utility model, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or sequence between these entities or operations.

[0018] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood through specific situations.

[0019] As Figures 1 - 3 shown, the present utility model provides a gearbox axial force loading test device, which includes a test shaft 2 for connecting with the rotating shaft 1 (to be tested) of the gearbox, an upper mounting structure, a lower mounting structure for mounting the test shaft 2, and an axial force applying mechanism for applying an axial force to the test shaft 2;

[0020] The test shaft 2 is vertically arranged. The length of the test shaft 2 is preferably controlled at about 2.0 m. The upper part of the test shaft 2 is connected with a flange 3 through splines (the mounting hole of the flange 3 has internal splines, and the upper part of the test shaft 2 has external splines that cooperate with the internal splines to prevent relative rotation between the two). There is a fixed disk 4 inside the flange 3. The top of the test shaft 2 is fixedly connected with the fixed disk 4 through bolts to ensure the integrity of the flange 3 and the test shaft 2, and further prevent the axial movement of the test shaft 2 relative to the flange 3 during the loading process;

[0021] The upper mounting structure is located below the flange 3 and includes a bearing housing 5.1 coaxial with the test shaft 2, an upper radial bearing 5.2, a thrust bearing 5.3, and a lower radial bearing 5.4 arranged in the bearing housing 5.1 (all three bearings are rolling bearings, and the outer ring of each bearing is in interference fit with the bearing housing 5.1). The test shaft 2 is rotationally connected to the bearing housing 5.1 through the upper radial bearing 5.2, the thrust bearing 5.3, and the lower radial bearing 5.4. The utility model radially positions and supports the test shaft 2 by using two radial bearings, and uses the thrust bearing 5.3 to bear the axial load, thereby realizing the centering and reliable installation of the long-span test shaft 2. The top of the mounting hole of the bearing housing 5.1 is fixedly connected with an upper labyrinth oil seal 5.5 by bolts, and the bottom of the mounting hole of the bearing housing 5.1 is fixedly connected with a lower labyrinth oil seal 5.6 by bolts. The mounting hole of the bearing housing 5.1 is sealed by the upper and lower labyrinth oil seals to provide a sealed lubrication space for the bearings in the bearing housing 5.1 to ensure the lubrication of each bearing.

[0022] The axial force applying mechanism includes a pair of oil cylinders 6 (high-pressure oil cylinders) symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the test shaft 2. The oil cylinders 6 are arranged vertically. After the piston rod of the oil cylinder 6 passes through the bearing housing 5.1 upward, a locking nut is screwed on the piston rod to realize the fixed installation of the piston rod and the bearing housing 5.1. Among them, the washer on the piston rod is a heavy-duty spherical washer 7 to avoid loosening and ensure the reliable connection between the piston rod and the bearing housing 5.1.

[0023] The test shaft 2 of the utility model is a long-span shaft, which fully simulates the actual connection situation of the rotating shaft 1 of the coal mill and the super-large vertical water pump. The vertically arranged oil cylinder 6 is used to apply axial force to the connected rotating shaft 1 and test shaft 2, fully simulating the actual working conditions of the rotating shaft 1. The performance parameters obtained by testing are closer to the actual working conditions, improving the reliability of the parameters and providing a basis for the safe operation of the coal mill and the super-large vertical water pump.

[0024] Combined Figure 1 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the lower mounting structure includes an outer housing 8.2 and an inner housing 8.1 fixed on the bottom plate of the outer housing 8.2. The top of the inner housing 8.1 has a mounting seat. A sliding bearing 8.3 is arranged between the mounting seat and the test shaft 2, and the outer ring of the sliding bearing 8.3 is connected to the mounting seat by screws 8.4. The test shaft 2 can move up and down relative to the sliding bearing 8.3. The lower mounting structure provides support for the lower part of the long-span test shaft 2 on the one hand, and can further center on the other hand, further ensuring the coaxiality of the rotating shaft 1 and the test shaft 2. The inner housing 8.1 and the outer housing 8.2 provide a sealed space for the lubrication of the sliding bearing 8.3.

[0025] During actual installation, a groove 8.5 mating with the screw 8.4 is provided on the outer ring of the sliding bearing 8.3. During installation, the position of the sliding bearing 8.3 can be adjusted. After adjustment, the screw 8.4 is screwed in place to fix the outer ring of the sliding bearing 8.3, further ensuring the concentricity of the sliding bearing 8.3 and the test shaft 2. For details, see Figure 3 .

[0026] The working process and principle of the present utility model are as follows: The gearbox to be tested is erected above the test shaft 2 and is drivingly connected to the motor on the test bench to ensure the rotation of the rotating shaft 1 to be tested; The oil cylinder 6 is used to drive the bearing seat 5.1 to rise, so that the test shaft 2 and the flange 3 rise to a predetermined height. The flange 3 and the rotating shaft 1 of the gearbox are fixedly connected together by bolts, and then the rotating shaft 1 and the test shaft 2 are integrated;

[0027] The motor on the test bench is turned on. The motor transmits torque to the gearbox, causing the rotating shaft 1 of the gearbox to rotate. During this process, the rotating shaft 1 drives the test shaft 2 to rotate synchronously through the flange 3; The oil cylinder 6 is started, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder 6 moves downward. The piston rod applies a vertically downward axial force to the rotating shaft 1 to be tested through the bearing seat 5.1 and the test shaft 2. The high-pressure oil cylinder 6 is gradually pressurized until the rated axial force required by the rotating shaft 1 is reached. When the piston rod of the oil cylinder 6 pulls down the bearing seat 5.1, due to the action of the upper radial bearing 5.2, the thrust bearing 5.3 and the lower radial bearing 5.4, the test shaft 2 can bear a certain axial force while rotating. Among them, the thrust bearing 5.3 only bears axial force, and the upper radial bearing 5.2 and the lower radial bearing 5.4 only bear radial force and play a centering role for the test shaft 2; After the test is completed, first reduce the inlet oil pressure of the oil cylinder 6 to zero and then turn off the motor on the test bench. After the test bench motor completely stops, the bolts on the flange 3 are disassembled one by one, and the oil cylinder 6 is used to pull down to separate the test shaft 2 and the rotating shaft 1 of the gearbox, completing the axial loading test of the rotating shaft 1.

[0028] The shafting connected to the rotating shaft 1 (i.e., the power output shaft) of the gearbox in the coal mill and the large vertical water pump is usually a long-span shaft. The test shaft 2 of the present utility model is a long-span shaft, which fully simulates the actual connection working conditions of the rotating shaft 1, making the simulation test as close as possible to the actual operating conditions of the gearbox;

[0029] The upper part of the test shaft 2 of the present utility model is connected to the rotating shaft 1 of the gearbox through the flange 3. Two radial bearings are used to provide support and radial positioning for the test shaft 2, and the thrust bearing 5.3 is used to bear the axial force during the working process of the test shaft 2, which can better transmit torque and extend the service life of the present utility model.

[0030] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not used to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative efforts, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A gearbox axial force loading test device, comprising a test shaft connected to a rotating shaft of a gearbox, characterized in that: It also includes an upper mounting structure and a lower mounting structure for mounting the test shaft, and an axial force applying mechanism for applying an axial force to the test shaft. The test shaft is vertically arranged, and its axial length is 1.8 m to 2.5 m; the upper mounting structure includes a horizontally arranged bearing seat, an upper radial bearing, a thrust bearing and a lower radial bearing arranged in the bearing seat, the test shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat through the upper radial bearing, the thrust bearing and the lower radial bearing, and an upper labyrinth oil seal and a lower labyrinth oil seal are arranged at the orifice of the mounting hole of the bearing seat; the axial force applying mechanism includes at least one pair of oil cylinders symmetrically arranged around the center of the test shaft, and the piston rod of each of the oil cylinders is connected to the bearing seat.

2. The gearbox axial force loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the piston rod passes through the bearing seat upward, a heavy-load spherical washer and a locking nut are sequentially arranged.

3. The gearbox axial force loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper part of the test shaft is connected with a flange through a spline, a fixed plate is arranged inside the flange, and the top of the test shaft is fixedly connected with the fixed plate through bolts.

4. The gearbox axial force loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper radial bearing, the thrust bearing and the lower radial bearing are all rolling bearings, and the outer rings of the upper radial bearing, the thrust bearing and the lower radial bearing are all interference fit with the mounting holes of the bearing seat.

5. The gearbox axial force loading test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower mounting structure includes an outer shell and an inner shell fixed on the bottom plate of the outer shell, the top of the inner shell is connected to a mounting seat by bolts, a sliding bearing is arranged between the mounting seat and the test shaft, and the outer ring of the sliding bearing is connected to the mounting seat by screws.

6. The gearbox axial force loading test device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The outer ring of the sliding bearing is provided with a groove matched with the screw.

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