Fixed type combined frog pull-open prevention structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a fixed type combined frog pull-open prevention structure which comprises a point rail, a plurality of spacer irons arranged between wing rails and frog heel rails, and the point rail, the wing rails and the frog heel rails are connected into a whole through elastic cylindrical pins, bolt connecting pairs and cover type steel rail gaskets. According to the anti-pulling scheme of the fixed combined frog, the structure is relatively simple; the stability and the safety are good; the safety and the service life of the frog can be relatively improved; the railway market requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of railway track switches, and particularly relates to a fixed-type combined frog anti-separation structure. Background Technique

[0002] The overall service life of alloy steel combined frogs is longer than that of high manganese steel frogs, and it has gradually been recognized and used by railway departments in various countries, enabling the continuous development and progress of alloy steel combined frog technology. The heart rail of the alloy steel combined frog uses wear-resistant materials such as bainitic steel, and the frog heel rail (frog nose rail) and wing rail use pearlitic steel rails of the same material as the line, which can be welded to the line at the laying site, meeting the requirements of seamless lines and being favored by users.

[0003] However, since the frog is assembled from a heart rail, a frog heel rail (frog nose rail), and a wing rail, joints inevitably exist inside the frog. During the use of the frog on the seamless line, due to the action of temperature stress, the joints are prone to separation or extrusion and swelling with misaligned teeth, resulting in uneven gauge problems and affecting train operation safety.

[0004] In this regard, under the existing technology: Chinese Patent with the publication number (announcement number) CN220468512U provides a combined frog, including a manganese frog heart, a wing rail, a frog heel rail (frog nose rail), high-strength bolt pairs, a fastener system, and a tie plate; the manganese frog heart and the frog heel rail (frog nose rail) are in a "lock and buckle" convex-concave fit structure, suitable for environments with large temperature differences, preventing the occurrence of the problem of the frog heel rail (frog nose rail) being pulled apart under the action of temperature force. The main principle is that the "lock and buckle" is similar to a "convex-concave" structure between the manganese frog heart and the rail head of the frog heel rail (frog nose rail), and forms an included angle X° of 10° to 170°, and the folding point position is an R arc structure. The "temperature force" generates action and reaction forces, forming a balance force at the included angle X°, thus avoiding the frog heel rail (frog nose rail) from being pulled apart or moving forward.

[0005] The Chinese patent with the publication number (announcement number) CN115821648A provides a mating component for the heel rail (fork heel rail) of a combined frog and the combined frog. It includes: a heart rail, the heart rail is provided with a central section that makes the heart rail symmetric left and right, and two symmetrically arranged grooves along the central section are provided at the rear section of the heart rail; two fork heel rails, the two fork heel rails are symmetrically placed on both sides of the rear section of the heart rail along the central section, and the fork heel rail is provided with a boss that fits the groove; and the upper surface of the fork heel rail is at the same height as the upper surface of the heart rail, and the edge of the upper surface of the fork heel rail extends backward along the direction of the edge of the upper surface of the front section of the heart rail; wherein, an abutting structure is provided between the heart rail and the fork heel rail to prevent the heart rail and the fork heel rail from being pulled apart along the direction of the central section. By the abutting structure between the slope and the inclined plane, the present utility model can form a balanced force when affected by temperature stress, thereby preventing the displacement of the fork heel rail and the heart rail, and further solving the problems of bolt fracture and misalignment caused by this reason.

[0006] In addition, under the prior art, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN104499382A discloses a forged high manganese steel heart rail combined frog; the Chinese patent with the publication number CN101381978B discloses a frog heel elastic fixing system and fixing method; the Chinese patent with the publication number CN2765934Y discloses an adhesively bonded alloy steel frog; there is still room for improvement in the above three patents in solving the technical problem of misalignment caused by the temperature force generated by the thermal expansion and contraction of the rail. Therefore, the following improved technical solutions are proposed. Summary of the Utility Model

[0007] The technical problem solved by the present utility model: Provide a structure for preventing the separation of a fixed combined frog to improve the still potential technical problems in the background art.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present utility model: A structure for preventing the separation of a fixed combined frog includes a heart rail, and a plurality of spacer blocks are arranged between the wing rail and the fork heel rail and are connected into an integral body through elastic cylindrical pins, bolt connection pairs and cover type rail washers.

[0009] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The elastic cylindrical pin is a straight groove elastic cylindrical pin.

[0010] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The straight groove elastic cylindrical pins are arranged in pairs.

[0011] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The straight groove openings of the straight groove elastic cylindrical pins are horizontally opposite.

[0012] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present utility model: the outer cylindrical surface of the elastic cylindrical pin is in interference fit with the hole on the spacer.

[0013] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present utility model: the outer cylindrical surface of the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin is in clearance fit with the holes of the wing rail and the frog heel rail; the size of the clearance is jointly determined by the maximum allowable gap between the switch rail and the frog heel rail specified in the standard or drawing, and the assembly accuracy of the frog.

[0014] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present utility model: the elastic cylindrical pin is an elastic cylindrical pin made of silicomanganese steel, and the hardness of the elastic cylindrical pin made of silicomanganese steel after quenching and tempering is 420HV - 560HV.

[0015] In the above technical solution, as a further improved technical solution of the present utility model: the cover-shaped rail washer is provided with a circular concave pit on the side that fits with the rail web, and the circular concave pit is used to cover the elastic cylindrical pin protruding outside the rail web.

[0016] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present utility model: the spacer is a double-hole spacer.

[0017] Advantages of the present utility model compared with the prior art:

[0018] 1. The anti-pulling scheme of the fixed-type combined frog of the present utility model has a relatively simple structure; good stability and safety; can relatively improve the safety and service life of the frog; and meets the needs of the railway market.

[0019] 2. The present utility model can effectively improve the stress state of the frog and avoid the fracture risk of the high-strength bolt connection pair only through the careful design of the elastic cylindrical pin.

[0020] 3. For the technical solution of the present utility model with elastic cylindrical pins arranged in pairs, and when the elastic cylindrical pins arranged in pairs are in interference fit with the double holes on the spacer, especially when acting together with the technical solution of the horizontal relative design of the straight-groove openings of the two pairs of elastic cylindrical pins, it can resist both the extrusion temperature stress generated by the thermal expansion of the rail in the seamless rail and the tensile temperature stress generated by the cold shrinkage of the rail, thus significantly enhancing the safety of the frog; among them, in the chemical composition of the elastic cylindrical pin made of silicomanganese steel, carbon ≥ 0.5%, silicon ≥ 1.5%, manganese ≥ 0.7%; the hardness of the elastic cylindrical pin made of silicomanganese steel after quenching and tempering is 420HV - 560HV.

[0021] 4. When the present utility model is used as an overall technical solution, the overall structure is relatively simple, and it is easy to process, manufacture and assemble.

[0022] 5. When the present utility model is taken as an overall technical solution, it not only improves the stability of the frog, but also avoids the misalignment at the joint, ensures the smoothness of the frog, and increases the service life of the frog. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the fixed-type combined frog of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 for the present utility model Figure 1 is a schematic view of the A-A cross section of the preferred embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 is a front view of the optimal embodiment of the elastic cylindrical pin of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 for the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin of the present utility model Figure 3 left view;

[0027] Figure 5 is a front view of the optimal assembly of the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin embodiment and the double-hole spacer iron embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the rail web waist embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 is a front view of the cover-shaped rail washer of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 8 for the present utility model Figure 7 side view.

[0031] In the figure: 1 - switch rail, 2 - wing rail, 3 - heel rail, 4 - spacer iron, 5 - cover-shaped rail washer, 501 - circular pit, 6 - bolt connection pair, 7 - elastic cylindrical pin, 8 - straight groove, 9 - rail web waist. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-8 , in the embodiments of the present utility model; obviously, the described embodiments are only part or the optimal embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all embodiments, and all embodiments are subject to the permutation and combination between the claims. Based on the embodiments described in detail in the present utility model, all other equivalent replacement embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] A fixed-type combined frog anti-separation structure, (such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it should be understood that for the fixed combined frog, it includes the switch rail 1; regarding the core improvement of the present invention, that is, to realize the anti-pulling function applied to the "fixed combined frog", for this embodiment of the fixed combined frog, it further includes arranging a plurality of spacer blocks 4 between the wing rail 2 and the heel rail 3, and connecting them into a whole through elastic cylindrical pins 7, bolt connection pairs 6 and cover-shaped rail washers 5. It should be explained and noted that for the optimal embodiment formed by the foregoing paragraphs, especially the addition of the elastic cylindrical pin 7, the technical advantages are as follows: The elastic cylindrical pin 7, as a mechanical connection part, in the frog structure, it can absorb and disperse the impact force and vibration energy generated by the passing of the train, thereby protecting the frog structure from damage, so it has good elasticity and toughness. The installation of the elastic cylindrical pin 7 is relatively simple and does not require overly complex equipment and tools; at the same time, its maintenance is also relatively convenient. Once damage or looseness is found during maintenance, it can be replaced or re-fastened in time, so it is relatively easy to install and maintain. Due to the elasticity and toughness of the elastic cylindrical pin 7, it can better adapt to the minor deformation and displacement of the frog structure during operation, thereby maintaining the tightness and reliability of the connection. This characteristic is of great significance for preventing the frog from being pulled apart or having misalignment, so adopting the above combination of technical features can improve the connection reliability; in addition, the "elastic" connection of the elastic cylindrical pin 7 can, to a certain extent, reduce the noise and vibration generated by the frog structure when the train passes, improving the smoothness and comfort of the train operation, so it can reduce noise and vibration.

[0034] In the above (previous) embodiment, as the preferred embodiment of the present invention: (as Figure 4 shown) the elastic cylindrical pin 7 is a straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin. That is, when the elastic cylindrical pin 7 of the present invention adopts the optimal embodiment, that is, the elastic cylindrical pin with a straight-groove structure, the technical advantages are as follows: Compared with the ordinary elastic cylindrical pin 7, the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin can relatively improve the load-bearing capacity and anti-shear performance. This is because its straight-groove design enables the pin body to maintain a relatively stable connection state under high-load and high-speed operating conditions; in the field of frogs or fixed frogs, this high load-bearing capacity and anti-shear performance are particularly important because the frog needs to withstand huge impact forces and shear forces from the train. Moreover, the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin can automatically adjust when the axial load changes to ensure the tightness of the connection; this characteristic is particularly important in the field of frogs or fixed frogs because the dynamic load generated when the train passes will cause minor deformation and displacement of the frog structure, and the automatic adjustment function of the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin can adapt to these changes in time, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the frog structure. In addition, the excellent performance of the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin can relatively extend the service life of the frog and reduce the frequency of maintenance and replacement. Not only that, compared with the pin body structure without grooves, the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin also allows for a certain hole tolerance.

[0035] In the above (previous) embodiments, as the optimal embodiment of the present utility model: the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pins 7 are arranged in pairs (as Figure 5 shown). When the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pins 7 are arranged in pairs, double guarantees can be provided to enhance the connection stability between the switch rail, wing rail and frog nose rail; this double connection structure can better resist external impacts and vibrations, and reduce the loosening or misalignment of components caused by track vibrations or temperature changes.

[0036] In the above (previous) embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present utility model: (as Figure 5 shown) when the positions of the straight-groove openings 8 of the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pins 7 are horizontally opposite, the technical advantages are described later.

[0037] In the above (previous) embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present utility model: (as Figure 2 shown) the outer cylindrical surface of the elastic cylindrical pin 7 is in interference fit with the holes on the spacer 4. At the same time, in the above (previous) embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present utility model: the outer cylindrical surface of the elastic cylindrical pin 7 is in clearance fit with the holes of the wing rail 2 and frog nose rail 3; the clearance size is jointly determined by the maximum gap allowed between the switch rail 1 and the frog nose rail 3 specified in the standard or drawing, and the assembly accuracy of the frog. When only limited by the elastic cylindrical pin 7: the technical advantages of the combined action of interference fit and clearance fit are described later.

[0038] In the above (previous) embodiments, further: when the elastic cylindrical pin 7 is a straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin (as Figure 4 shown), as a preferred embodiment of the present utility model: the outer cylindrical surface of the straight-groove elastic cylindrical pin is in clearance fit with the holes of the wing rail 2 and frog nose rail 3 (combined with Figure 2 shown).

[0039] In the above (previous) embodiments, when applied to a fixed-type combination frog, as a preferred embodiment of the present utility model: the elastic cylindrical pin 7 is an elastic cylindrical pin made of silicomanganese steel. In the chemical composition of the elastic cylindrical pin made of silicomanganese steel, carbon ≥ 0.5%, silicon ≥ 1.5%, manganese ≥ 0.7%, and the hardness of the elastic cylindrical pin made of silicomanganese steel after quenching and tempering is 420 HV - 560 HV.

[0040] It should be noted that: Carbon is an important strengthening element in steel. An appropriate carbon content can improve the hardness and strength of steel. In silicon-manganese steel, when the carbon content reaches or exceeds 0.5%, it helps to ensure that the elastic dowel pin can withstand high stresses and wear during use and maintain its good mechanical properties. Silicon mainly plays a role in deoxidation and strengthening in steel. An appropriate amount of silicon can improve the corrosion resistance, heat resistance and wear resistance of steel. In silicon-manganese steel, when the silicon content reaches or exceeds 1.5%, it helps to enhance the comprehensive performance of the elastic dowel pin, especially its performance in high-temperature and corrosive environments. Manganese is a common alloying element in steel, which helps to improve the hardenability and strength of steel. In silicon-manganese steel, when the manganese content reaches or exceeds 0.7%, it helps to ensure that the elastic dowel pin obtains good microstructure and properties during quenching, thereby improving its overall strength and wear resistance. Quenching and tempering are important processes in steel heat treatment. By adjusting the quenching temperature and tempering temperature, different combinations of hardness and toughness can be obtained. After the elastic dowel pin made of silicon-manganese steel is quenched and tempered, the hardness reaches 420HV - 560HV. This hardness range not only ensures that the elastic dowel pin has sufficient wear resistance during use, but also avoids the problems of increased brittleness and easy fracture caused by too high hardness. Therefore, the combination of silicon-manganese steel material and specific chemical composition and heat treatment process enables the elastic dowel pin to have high strength and high wear resistance and can withstand various stresses and wear generated during the use of the frog. The addition of silicon element improves the corrosion resistance of steel, enabling the elastic dowel pin to maintain good performance in humid or corrosive environments. Through reasonable chemical composition design and heat treatment process control, the elastic dowel pin made of silicon-manganese steel exhibits excellent comprehensive mechanical properties in terms of hardness, toughness, strength, etc. In summary, the use of elastic dowel pins made of silicon-manganese steel in fixed-type combination frogs has significant technical advantages and can meet the use requirements of frogs under complex working conditions.

[0041] In the above (previous) embodiments, as a further improved embodiment of the present invention: (in combination with Figure 7 , Figure 8 shown) The cover-type rail washer 5 is provided with a circular concave pit 501 on the side that cooperates with the rail web 9. The circular concave pit 501 is used to cover the elastic dowel pin 7 that extends outside the rail web 9. The technical advantage of the synergistic effect with the (straight groove) elastic dowel pin 7, the (double-hole) spacer 4, the wing rail 2, the heel rail 3, and the (high-strength) bolt connection pair 6 is that it can better protect the elastic dowel pin 7 and avoid the elastic dowel pin 7 from breaking and falling out in extreme cases, which may affect the train operation safety.

[0042] In the above (previous) embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: The spacer 4 is a double-hole spacer. At the same time: In the above (previous) embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: The bolt connection pair 6 is a high-strength bolt connection pair.

[0043] As can be seen from the above description, the anti-separation scheme of the fixed combined frog of the present utility model has a relatively simple structure, good stability and safety, can relatively improve the safety and service life of the frog, and meets the needs of the railway market.

[0044] The careful design of the present utility model around the elastic cylindrical pin 7 can effectively improve the stress state of the frog and avoid the fracture risk of the high-strength bolt connection pair.

[0045] For the technical solution of the present utility model with the elastic cylindrical pins 7 arranged in pairs, and when the paired elastic cylindrical pins 7 and the double holes on the spacer are in interference fit, especially when combined with the technical solution of the horizontal relative design of the straight grooves of the two paired elastic cylindrical pins 7, it can resist both the extrusion temperature stress generated by the thermal expansion of the rail in the seamless track and the tensile temperature stress generated by the cold shrinkage of the rail, thus significantly enhancing the safety of the frog.

[0046] In summary, when the technical solutions of all the claims of the present utility model are combined as an overall technical solution, the overall structure is relatively simple, easy to process, manufacture and assemble. And when the technical solutions of all the claims of the present utility model are combined as an overall technical solution, it not only improves the stability of the frog, but also avoids the misalignment at the joint, ensures the smoothness of the frog, and improves the service life of the frog.

[0047] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments.

[0048] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any modification and equivalent replacement made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model are included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fixed type combined frog anti-pull-out structure, comprising a center rail (1), characterized in that: A plurality of spacer irons (4) are arranged between the wing rail (2) and the fork rail (3), and the spacers are connected into a whole through elastic cylindrical pins (7), bolt connection pairs (6) and cover-shaped rail washers (5).

2. The fixed combined frog anti-pull-out structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic cylindrical pin (7) is a straight groove elastic cylindrical pin.

3. The fixed type combined frog anti-pull-out structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The straight groove elastic cylindrical pins (7) are arranged in pairs.

4. The fixed combined frog anti-pull-out structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The straight slot openings (8) of the straight slot elastic cylindrical pins (7) are positioned horizontally opposite to each other.

5. The fixed type combined frog anti-pull-out structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer cylindrical surface of the elastic cylindrical pin (7) is interference-fitted with the hole on the spacer iron (4).

6. The fixed combined frog anti-pull-out structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer cylindrical surface of the elastic cylindrical pin (7) and the holes of the wing rail (2) and the fork rail (3) are all clearance-matched; the size of the clearance is determined by the maximum gap allowed between the heart rail (1) and the fork rail (3) specified in the standard or drawing, and the assembly accuracy of the frog.

7. The fixed combined frog anti-pull-out structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The elastic cylindrical pin (7) is an elastic cylindrical pin made of silicon manganese steel; the hardness of the elastic cylindrical pin made of silicon manganese steel after quenching and tempering is 420HV to 560HV.

8. The fixed combined frog anti-pull-out structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover-type rail washer (5) is provided with a circular recess (501) on one side cooperating with the rail waist (9), and the circular recess (501) is used to cover the elastic cylindrical pin (7) extending outward from the rail waist (9).

9. The fixed combined frog anti-pull-out structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacer iron (4) is a double-hole spacer iron.

10. The fixed combined frog anti-pull-out structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt connection pair (6) is a high-strength bolt connection pair.

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