Low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank which comprises a tank body, a refrigeration and compression mechanism, a pressure relief adjusting mechanism and a refrigeration circulation mechanism, and the refrigeration and compression mechanism comprises a compressor, a compression pipe, a refrigeration assembly, a refrigeration pipe, an expansion valve and a heat dissipation assembly. The pressure relief adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting pipe, a pressure relief spring, a rotating valve, a limiting sleeve, a matching sleeve, a matching rod and a moving plate, the refrigeration circulating mechanism comprises an upper circulating pipe, a lower circulating pipe and a circulating pump, a compressor efficiently compresses hydrogen through a compression pipe, high-pressure storage is achieved, and the refrigeration assembly and the heat dissipation assembly work cooperatively. Hydrogen is kept in a low-temperature state, the pressure in the tank body is adjusted through linkage of the movable plate, the matching sleeve and the rotating valve, and the pressure relief threshold value is allowed to be finely adjusted through threaded connection of the limiting sleeve and the matching sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of storage tanks, and more specifically, it relates to a cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage tank. Background Art

[0002] A cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is an advanced container specifically designed for storing and transporting liquid or high-pressure hydrogen. This storage tank combines cryogenic technology and high-pressure processes, and can safely and efficiently store a large amount of hydrogen. It is a key device for the application of hydrogen energy and the development of hydrogen fuel cell technology.

[0003] In the existing technology, firstly, some devices cannot effectively store hydrogen under high pressure, cannot cool the compressed hydrogen, resulting in too high hydrogen temperature, cannot effectively control the flow rate and pressure, reduce the refrigeration efficiency of the whole system, cannot maintain the low temperature state of hydrogen, may cause the temperature of hydrogen in the tank to rise, and increase the safety risk. Secondly, some devices cannot adjust the pressure in the tank, may cause the pressure to be too high or too low, cannot release the excess hydrogen in time, and when the pressure exceeds the safety range, may cause the tank to rupture or explode, and manual intervention is required to adjust the pressure, increasing the complexity and risk of operation, and it will be more difficult to maintain and replace parts. Finally, some devices cannot continuously circulate the coolant, resulting in the inability to maintain the low temperature state of hydrogen in the tank, and cannot evenly cool the hydrogen at the top and bottom of the tank through the upper and lower circulation pipes, which may lead to poor cooling effect. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, such as the inability to effectively store hydrogen under high pressure and the inability to adjust the pressure in the tank.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solution: A cryogenic high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, including a tank body, a refrigeration and compression mechanism, a pressure relief and adjustment mechanism, and a refrigeration cycle mechanism. The refrigeration and compression mechanism includes a compressor, a compression pipe, a refrigeration component, a refrigeration pipe, an expansion valve, and a heat dissipation component. The compression pipe is installed on the side of the tank body, and the other end of the compression pipe is connected to the compressor. The expansion valve is arranged on the refrigeration pipe, and the refrigeration pipe connects the refrigeration component and the heat dissipation component in cooperation. The pressure relief and adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment pipe, a pressure relief spring, a rotary valve, a limit sleeve, a mating sleeve, a mating rod, and a moving plate. The rotary valve is installed at one end of the adjustment pipe, the limit sleeve is rotatably arranged at one end of the adjustment pipe, and the rotary valve and the limit sleeve are arranged in a linkage manner. The mating rod is fixedly installed in the adjustment pipe, the inner wall of the limit sleeve is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the mating sleeve in cooperation, the moving plate is movably arranged in the adjustment pipe in a fixed direction, one end of the mating sleeve is fixedly connected with one end of the moving plate in cooperation, and the pressure relief spring is arranged at the other end of the moving plate.

[0006] The present utility model is further configured such that the refrigeration cycle mechanism includes an upper circulation pipe, a lower circulation pipe, and a circulation pump. The air outlet end of the refrigeration and compression mechanism is communicatively connected to the upper circulation pipe and the lower circulation pipe. The other end of the upper circulation pipe is cooperatively connected to the top of the tank body, the bottom of the lower circulation pipe is cooperatively connected to the bottom of the tank body, and circulation pumps are respectively installed on the upper circulation pipe and the lower circulation pipe.

[0007] The present utility model is further configured such that a piston is slidably limited on the inner wall of the adjustment pipe, and the piston is sleeved on the cooperation rod. One end of the piston is provided with a sealing plate, and one end of the pressure relief spring is cooperatively connected to one end of the piston. The piston and the sealing plate provide additional sealing and pressure relief control.

[0008] The present utility model is further configured such that one end of the adjustment pipe is provided with a pressure relief cavity, and one end of the pressure relief cavity is provided with a connecting pipe. The bottom of the tank body is provided with a pressure relief pipe. A connecting plate is installed on the side wall of the connecting pipe, and the connecting plate is cooperatively and fixedly connected to one end of the pressure relief pipe. The pressure relief cavity and the connecting pipe provide a channel for pressure relief.

[0009] The present utility model is further configured such that an exhaust pipe is installed on the side of the pressure relief cavity. One end of the connecting pipe extends into the pressure relief cavity and is in contact connection with the sealing plate, and the cooperation rod is fixed to one end of the exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe provides a discharge path for the gas after pressure relief.

[0010] The present utility model is further configured such that a guiding groove is formed on the inner wall of the adjustment pipe, and guiding blocks are installed on both sides of the moving plate. The guiding blocks can be embedded into the guiding groove for cooperative sliding guiding. The arrangement of the guiding blocks and the guiding groove facilitates the directional movement of the moving plate.

[0011] The present utility model is further configured such that an observation port is installed on the side of the tank body, and a support seat is installed at the bottom of the tank body. The observation port facilitates monitoring the internal condition of the storage tank.

[0012] The present utility model is further configured such that a transverse plate is installed on the side of the tank body, and the refrigeration component and the heat dissipation component are installed on the top end surface of the transverse plate. The transverse plate provides an installation platform for the refrigeration and heat dissipation components.

[0013] Advantageous effects:

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model provides a pressure vessel, having the following advantageous effects:

[0015] The utility model is provided with a refrigeration and compression mechanism. The compressor efficiently compresses hydrogen through a compression pipe to achieve high-pressure storage. The refrigeration component and the heat dissipation component work together to ensure that hydrogen remains in a low-temperature state. The expansion valve precisely controls the flow rate and pressure of the refrigerant to achieve precise temperature adjustment. The heat dissipation component effectively dissipates heat to maintain the thermal balance of the system. The horizontal plate provides a stable installation platform for the refrigeration and heat dissipation components, improving the stability of the system.

[0016] The utility model is provided with a pressure relief and adjustment mechanism. Through the linkage of the moving plate, the mating sleeve, and the rotating valve, the pressure inside the tank is adjusted. The threaded connection between the limit sleeve and the mating sleeve allows for fine adjustment of the pressure relief threshold. The pressure relief spring provides reliable pressure feedback to ensure that the system operates within a safe pressure range. The exhaust pipe provides a dedicated discharge channel for the gas after pressure relief, improving the flexibility of the system.

[0017] The utility model is provided with a refrigeration cycle mechanism. The upper and lower circulation pipes are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the tank to achieve comprehensive and uniform cooling of hydrogen. The circulation pump ensures the efficient flow of hydrogen in the system, improving the refrigeration efficiency. Through the upper and lower circulation, the situation of uneven temperature inside the tank is effectively avoided. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole device of the utility model in the unused state;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the utility model from a side view;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the installation method of the pressure relief and adjustment mechanism of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure relief and adjustment mechanism of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the inside of the pressure relief and adjustment mechanism of the utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1, tank; 2, compressor; 3, compression pipe; 4, refrigeration component; 5, refrigeration pipe; 6, expansion valve; 7, heat dissipation component; 8, adjustment pipe; 9, pressure relief spring; 10, rotating valve; 11, limit sleeve; 12, mating sleeve; 13, mating rod; 14, moving plate; 15, upper circulation pipe; 16, lower circulation pipe; 17, circulation pump; 18, plugging plate; 19, pressure relief cavity; 20, connecting pipe; 21, pressure relief pipe; 22, connecting plate; 23, exhaust pipe; 24, guide groove; 25, guide block; 26, observation port; 27, horizontal plate; 28, support seat; 29, piston. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The following will describe the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0025] It should be pointed out that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0026] In the present utility model, unless otherwise stated, the directions such as "up, down" are usually in the directions shown in the drawings, or in the vertical, perpendicular or gravitational directions; similarly, for the convenience of understanding and description, "left, right" are usually the left and right shown in the drawings; "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself, but the above direction terms are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , a low-temperature high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, including a tank body 1, a refrigeration and compression mechanism, a pressure relief and adjustment mechanism, and a refrigeration cycle mechanism. The refrigeration and compression mechanism includes a compressor 2, a compression pipe 3, a refrigeration component 4, a refrigeration pipe 5, an expansion valve 6, and a heat dissipation component 7. The compression pipe 3 is installed on the side of the tank body 1, and the other end of the compression pipe 3 is connected to the compressor 2. The expansion valve 6 is arranged on the refrigeration pipe 5, and the refrigeration pipe 5 cooperatively connects the refrigeration component 4 and the heat dissipation component 7. The pressure relief and adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment pipe 8, a pressure relief spring 9, a rotary valve 10, a limit sleeve 11, a mating sleeve 12, a mating rod 13, and a moving plate 14. The rotary valve 10 is installed at one end of the adjustment pipe 8, the limit sleeve 11 is rotatably arranged at one end of the adjustment pipe 8, and the rotary valve 10 and the limit sleeve 11 are arranged in a linkage manner. The mating rod 13 is fixedly installed in the adjustment pipe 8, the inner wall of the limit sleeve 11 is in threaded connection with the outer wall of the mating sleeve 12 in a matching manner, the moving plate 14 is directionally movably arranged in the adjustment pipe 8, one end of the mating sleeve 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the moving plate 14 in a matching manner, and the pressure relief spring 9 is arranged at the other end of the moving plate 14.

[0028] In this embodiment, the compressor 2 starts, compresses the hydrogen gas in the tank body 1 through the compression pipe 3, and the compressed hydrogen gas enters the tank body 1. The refrigeration component 4 transports the coolant to the heat dissipation component 7 through the refrigeration pipe 5. The expansion valve 6 controls the flow rate and pressure of the coolant, enabling it to expand in the heat dissipation component 7 and absorb heat. The heat dissipation component 7 dissipates the heat into the environment to cool the hydrogen gas. The cooled hydrogen gas returns to the tank body 1 for storage. When the pressure in the tank body 1 is too high, the pressure acts on the sealing plate 18 and the piston 29. At this time, if the pressure for pressure relief is adjusted, the rotary valve 10 is opened, causing the limit sleeve 11 to rotate, and then the mating sleeve 12 and the moving plate 14 to move on the mating rod 13, thereby compressing or relaxing the pressure relief spring 9, and further adjusting the pre-tightening force of the pressure relief spring 9, so as to change the pressure for pressure relief. At this time, the hydrogen gas pushes the piston 29 to move, compressing the pressure relief spring 9, and the excess hydrogen gas is discharged through the connecting pipe 20, the pressure relief chamber 19, and the exhaust pipe 23. When the pressure drops to the set value, the pressure relief spring 9 pushes the piston 29 and the moving plate 14 back to their original positions.

[0029] The refrigeration cycle mechanism includes an upper circulation pipe 15, a lower circulation pipe 16, and a circulation pump 17. The gas outlet end of the refrigeration and compression mechanism is communicatively connected to the upper circulation pipe 15 and the lower circulation pipe 16. The other end of the upper circulation pipe 15 is cooperatively connected to the top of the tank body 1, and the bottom of the lower circulation pipe 16 is cooperatively connected to the bottom of the tank body 1. Circulation pumps 17 are respectively installed on the upper circulation pipe 15 and the lower circulation pipe 16.

[0030] In this embodiment, the circulation pump 17 starts, respectively driving the hydrogen gas in the upper circulation pipe 15 and the lower circulation pipe 16 to flow. The upper circulation pipe 15 transports the hydrogen gas to the top of the tank body 1, and the lower circulation pipe 16 transports the hydrogen gas to the bottom of the tank body 1 to perform a refrigeration cycle.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-5, as a supplementary implementation method for a low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen storage tank of a refrigeration and compression mechanism, a pressure relief adjustment mechanism, and a refrigeration cycle mechanism: A piston 29 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the adjustment pipe 8 in a limited manner, and the piston 29 is sleeved on the matching rod 13. One end of the piston 29 is provided with a sealing plate 18, and one end of the pressure relief spring 9 is connected to one end of the piston 29 in a matching manner. One end of the adjustment pipe 8 is provided with a pressure relief chamber 19, and one end of the pressure relief chamber 19 is provided with a connecting pipe 20. The bottom of the tank body 1 is provided with a pressure relief pipe 21. A connecting plate 22 is mounted on the side wall of the connecting pipe 20, and the connecting plate 22 is fixedly connected to one end of the pressure relief pipe 21 in a matching manner. An exhaust pipe 23 is mounted on the side of the pressure relief chamber 19. One end of the connecting pipe 20 extends into the pressure relief chamber 19 and is in contact connection with the sealing plate 18, and the matching rod 13 is fixed to one end of the exhaust pipe 23. A guiding groove 24 is formed on the inner wall of the adjustment pipe 8, and guiding blocks 25 are mounted on both sides of the moving plate 14, and the guiding blocks 25 can be embedded into the guiding groove 24 for sliding guiding in a matching manner. An observation port 26 is mounted on the side of the tank body 1. A support seat 28 is mounted at the bottom of the tank body 1. A transverse plate 27 is mounted on the side of the tank body 1, and the refrigeration assembly 4 and the heat dissipation assembly 7 are mounted on the top end surface of the transverse plate 27.

[0032] More specifically, the tank body 1 is stably installed through the support seat 28. The operator monitors the internal condition of the tank body 1 through the observation port 26. The compressor 2 is started, and the hydrogen in the tank body 1 is compressed through the compression pipe 3. The refrigeration assembly 4 and the heat dissipation assembly 7 work together to cool the compressed hydrogen. The cooled high-pressure hydrogen returns to the tank body 1 for storage. The refrigeration cycle mechanism continuously operates to maintain the low-temperature state of the hydrogen in the tank body 1 through the upper and lower circulation pipes 16. The circulation pump 17 ensures the continuous flow of the coolant in the entire system. The pressure relief adjustment mechanism continuously monitors the pressure in the tank body 1. When the pressure exceeds the set value, the pressure relief adjustment mechanism is opened to release the excess hydrogen. After the pressure returns to normal, the pressure relief adjustment mechanism is closed. The observation port 26 allows the operator to monitor the internal condition of the tank body 1 at any time. The multiple pressure relief mechanisms ensure that the pressure in the tank body 1 is always maintained within a safe range.

[0033] In summary, when the overall equipment is in use or operation: When the operation of the refrigeration and compression mechanism is required, the compressor 2 is started, and the hydrogen in the tank body 1 is compressed through the compression pipe 3. The compressed hydrogen enters the tank body 1. The refrigeration assembly 4 transports the coolant to the heat dissipation assembly 7 through the refrigeration pipe 5. The expansion valve 6 controls the flow rate and pressure of the coolant, enabling it to expand in the heat dissipation assembly 7 and absorb heat. The heat dissipation assembly 7 dissipates the heat to the environment to cool the hydrogen. The cooled hydrogen returns to the tank body 1 for storage.

[0034] When the operation of the pressure relief adjustment mechanism is required, when the pressure in the tank body 1 is too high, the pressure acts on the sealing plate 18 and the piston 29. At this time, if the pressure of the pressure relief is adjusted, the rotary valve 10 is opened, so that the limit sleeve 11 rotates, and then the mating sleeve 12 and the moving plate 14 move on the mating rod 13, thereby compressing or relaxing the pressure relief spring 9, and then adjusting the pre-tightening force of the pressure relief spring 9, so as to change the pressure of the pressure relief. At this time, hydrogen gas pushes the piston 29 to move, compressing the pressure relief spring 9, and the excess hydrogen gas is discharged through the connecting pipe 20, the pressure relief cavity 19 and the exhaust pipe 23. When the pressure drops to the set value, the pressure relief spring 9 pushes the piston 29 and the moving plate 14 to return to their original positions.

[0035] When the operation of the refrigeration cycle mechanism is required, the circulation pump 17 is started to drive the flow of hydrogen gas in the upper circulation pipe 15 and the lower circulation pipe 16 respectively. The upper circulation pipe 15 transports the hydrogen gas to the top of the tank body 1, and the lower circulation pipe 16 transports the hydrogen gas to the bottom of the tank body 1 to carry out the refrigeration cycle.

[0036] The tank body 1 is stably installed through the support seat 28. The operator monitors the internal condition of the tank body 1 through the observation port 26. The compressor 2 is started to compress the hydrogen gas in the tank body 1 through the compression pipe 3. The refrigeration component 4 and the heat dissipation component 7 work together to cool the compressed hydrogen gas. The cooled high-pressure hydrogen gas returns to the tank body 1 for storage. The refrigeration cycle mechanism continues to operate to keep the hydrogen gas in the tank body 1 at a low temperature through the upper and lower circulation pipes 16. The circulation pump 17 ensures the continuous flow of the coolant in the whole system. The pressure relief adjustment mechanism continuously monitors the pressure in the tank body 1. When the pressure exceeds the set value, the pressure relief adjustment mechanism is opened to release the excess hydrogen gas. After the pressure returns to normal, the pressure relief adjustment mechanism is closed. The observation port 26 allows the operator to monitor the internal condition of the tank body 1 at any time. The multiple pressure relief mechanisms ensure that the pressure in the tank body 1 is always kept within the safe range.

[0037] In all the solutions mentioned above, for the connection between two components, welding, the cooperation connection of bolts and nuts, bolt or screw connection or other well-known connection methods can be selected according to the actual situation, which will not be elaborated one by one here. For those that involve fixed connection in the above text, welding is preferably considered. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, comprising a tank body (1), a refrigeration and compression mechanism, a pressure relief adjustment mechanism and a refrigeration cycle mechanism, characterized in that: The refrigeration and compression mechanism comprises a compressor (2), a compression pipe (3), a refrigeration assembly (4), a refrigeration pipe (5), an expansion valve (6) and a heat dissipation assembly (7); the compression pipe (3) is installed on the side of the tank body (1); the other end of the compression pipe (3) is connected to the compressor (2); the expansion valve (6) is arranged on the refrigeration pipe (5); and the refrigeration pipe (5) connects the refrigeration assembly (4) and the heat dissipation assembly (7); the pressure relief adjustment mechanism comprises an adjustment pipe (8), a pressure relief spring (9), a rotary valve (10), a limit sleeve (11), a matching sleeve (12), a matching rod (13 ) and a movable plate (14), the rotary valve (10) is mounted on one end of the adjustment tube (8), the limit sleeve (11) is rotatably mounted on one end of the adjustment tube (8), the rotary valve (10) and the limit sleeve (11) are linked, the matching rod (13) is fixedly mounted in the adjustment tube (8), the inner wall of the limit sleeve (11) is threadedly connected with the outer wall of the matching sleeve (12), the movable plate (14) is directional and movable in the adjustment tube (8), one end of the matching sleeve (12) is fixedly connected with one end of the movable plate (14), and the pressure relief spring (9) is arranged at the other end of the movable plate (14).

2. A low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration cycle mechanism comprises an upper circulation pipe (15), a lower circulation pipe (16) and a circulation pump (17); the gas outlet end of the refrigeration and compression mechanism is connected to the upper circulation pipe (15) and the lower circulation pipe (16); the other end of the upper circulation pipe (15) is connected to the top of the tank body (1); the bottom of the lower circulation pipe (16) is connected to the bottom of the tank body (1); and the upper circulation pipe (15) and the lower circulation pipe (16) are respectively provided with circulation pumps (17).

3. A low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the adjustment tube (8) is slidably provided with a piston (29) in an upper limit position, and the piston (29) is sleeved on the matching rod (13), and a sealing plate (18) is installed at one end of the piston (29), and one end of the pressure relief spring (9) is matched and connected with one end of the piston (29).

4. A low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure relief chamber (19) is installed at one end of the adjustment tube (8), and a connecting tube (20) is installed at one end of the pressure relief chamber (19). A pressure relief tube (21) is installed at the bottom of the tank body (1), and a connecting plate (22) is installed on the side wall of the connecting tube (20), and the connecting plate (22) is fixedly connected to one end of the pressure relief tube (21) in cooperation.

5. A low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 4, characterized in that: An exhaust pipe (23) is installed on the side of the pressure relief chamber (19), one end of the connecting pipe (20) extends into the pressure relief chamber (19) and contacts and connects with the blocking plate (18), and the matching rod (13) is fixed to one end of the exhaust pipe (23).

6. The low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A guide groove (24) is provided on the inner wall of the adjustment tube (8), and guide blocks (25) are installed on both sides of the movable plate (14), and the guide blocks (25) can be embedded in the guide groove (24) to cooperate with the sliding guide arrangement.

7. The low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An observation port (26) is installed on the side of the tank body (1), and a support seat (28) is installed on the bottom of the tank body (1).

8. The low-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A transverse plate (27) is installed on the side of the tank body (1), and the refrigeration component (4) and the heat dissipation component (7) are installed on the top end surface of the transverse plate (27).

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