Self-circulation pollution discharge floating head type heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-circulation pollution discharge floating head type heat exchanger, and belongs to the field of heat exchangers. The device specifically comprises a shell, a shell pass medium inlet and a shell pass medium outlet are formed in the shell, a floating head cover is arranged at one end of the shell, and an outer head cover is arranged outside the floating head cover; a self-circulation blowdown device is arranged around the outer head cover and comprises a spray pipe, the spray pipe is arranged around the outer head cover, a nozzle penetrating through the outer head cover is arranged on the spray pipe, and the nozzle is arranged corresponding to the outer end face of the floating head cover; the spray pipe communicates with a shell pass medium inlet through a drainage pipe; a return pipe penetrates through the outer head cover, and the other end of the return pipe is communicated with the shell pass medium outlet. According to the utility model, the heat transfer efficiency is improved, a shell pass heat transfer dead zone is reduced, equipment operation failure caused by equipment dirt deposition is effectively prevented, the equipment maintenance period is prolonged, and the equipment operation stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a self - circulating sewage discharging floating - head heat exchanger, belonging to the field of heat exchangers. Background Technique

[0002] A heat exchanger is a general process equipment widely used in industries such as petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power, light industry, and food. In oil - refining and chemical plants, the number of heat exchangers accounts for about 40% of the total number of equipment, and the investment accounts for 30% - 45% of the total investment. Using heat exchangers for high - temperature and low - temperature heat recovery can bring significant economic benefits.

[0003] The floating - head heat exchanger is one of the most widely used heat exchangers at present. The tube sheet at one end of the shell is fixedly connected between the shell and the tube box, and the tube sheet at the other end of the shell can move freely in the shell. Although its structure is complex and the cost is high, the thermal expansion of the heat - exchanger shell and the tube bundle is free, avoiding a series of problems caused by thermal expansion and contraction. Moreover, the tube bundle can be withdrawn, which is convenient for cleaning the space between the tubes and inside the tubes of the tube bundle.

[0004] The existing floating - head heat exchangers have the following technical defects:

[0005] 1. The floating - head end is prone to form a heat - transfer dead zone, reducing the heat - transfer efficiency. During operation, leakage and fouling blockage are likely to occur at the floating - head end, and dirt is easily deposited at the bottom of the outer head cover, blocking the flow channel between the shell and the outer head cover, forming a heat - transfer dead zone. This affects the surface heat - transfer effect of the equipment, intensifies the local corrosion of the equipment surface, reduces the cross - sectional area of the medium flow, increases the flow resistance, shortens the continuous operation period of the equipment, and affects the production efficiency.

[0006] 2. The cleaning process of the dirt at the floating - head end is cumbersome, wasting a large amount of manpower and material resources. To prevent and reduce the formation of heat - transfer dead zones, regular cleaning is required for scale prevention, scale inhibition, and scale removal. When cleaning the dirt at the floating - head end of a floating - head heat exchanger, the outer head cover needs to be completely disassembled for cleaning. After cleaning, when installing the outer head cover, new equipment gaskets need to be replaced and the equipment needs to be retested for leak detection before it can operate normally. The cleaning process is cumbersome, wastes a large amount of manpower and material resources, and shortens the normal operation period of the equipment, affecting the service life of the equipment to a certain extent. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art, providing a self - circulating sewage discharging floating - head heat exchanger, which improves the heat - transfer efficiency, reduces the heat - transfer dead zone in the shell - side, effectively prevents the equipment operation failure caused by equipment dirt deposition, extends the overhaul period of the equipment, and improves the operation stability of the equipment.

[0008] A self - circulating sewage floating - head heat exchanger according to the present utility model includes a shell. A shell - side medium inlet and a shell - side medium outlet are provided on the shell. A floating - head cover is provided at one end of the shell, and an outer head cover is provided outside the floating - head cover. A self - circulating sewage device is provided around the outer head cover. The self - circulating sewage device includes a spray pipe which is arranged around the outer head cover. Nozzles are provided on the spray pipe through the outer head cover, and the nozzles are arranged corresponding to the outer end face of the floating - head cover.

[0009] The spray pipe is connected to the shell - side medium inlet through a drainage pipe.

[0010] It further includes a return pipe. The inlet of the return pipe penetrates through the outer head cover, and the outlet of the return pipe is connected to the shell - side medium outlet.

[0011] Working process and principle:

[0012] A tube sheet is provided at the other end of the shell. A tube - side medium inlet and a tube - side medium outlet are provided on the tube sheet.

[0013] During the operation of the equipment, the tube - side medium flows in from the tube - side medium inlet; the shell - side medium flows in from the shell - side medium inlet; after the tube - side medium and the shell - side medium have sufficient heat exchange, the tube - side medium flows out from the tube - side medium outlet; the shell - side medium flows out from the shell - side medium outlet. When the shell - side medium flows into the shell - side medium inlet, a part of the shell - side medium will be diverted into the drainage pipe; the shell - side medium quickly flows into the annular flow channel of the spray pipe along the drainage pipe. The shell - side medium entering the top of the spray pipe will be diverted again under the dual action of the fluid gravity and the shell - side pressure drop. The two fluid streams respectively flow downward along the semi - circular flow channels and accelerate. And the shell - side medium will flow into the nozzles evenly distributed in the circumferential direction during the acceleration process. Since the nozzles are positioned directly opposite the outer end face of the floating - head cover, under the action of the shell - side pressure, the fluid will be ejected rapidly from the end of the nozzle directly opposite the outer end face of the floating - head cover. Therefore, the entire outer surface and the bottom area of the floating - head cover can be washed sharply by the ejected fluid. During the heat exchange process, the dirt on the outer surface and the bottom area of the floating - head cover will be continuously blown off, and the dirt will not form deposits, effectively avoiding the equipment operation failure caused by dirt deposition at the floating - head cover part. Moreover, under the jet action of the fluid ejected rapidly from the end of the nozzle, the shell - side medium in the outer head cover part will be disturbed to the maximum extent, the fluid flow rate is increased, and the heat transfer dead zone is reduced, greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency of the shell - side.

[0014] Preferably, an exhaust port is provided on the drainage pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the exhaust port is provided on the drainage pipe at the top of the outer head cover, which can exhaust the shell - side regularly to balance the pressure difference inside the heat exchanger and make the operation of the heat exchanger more stable.

[0016] Furthermore, the inlet of the reflux pipe is arranged at the rear end of the nozzle. The reflux pipe is connected to the outer head and the shell-side medium outlet. During the heat exchange process, impurities and a small amount of residual dirt formed by the shell-side medium will flow out from the reflux pipe at the bottom of the outer head along with the reflux of the shell-side medium and finally flow out of the heat exchanger from the shell-side medium outlet.

[0017] Furthermore, the drain pipe is arranged in sections, and adjacent sections of the drain pipe are connected by a first connecting flange.

[0018] Preferably, the drain pipe is arranged in two sections.

[0019] Preferably, a support plate is provided between the drain pipe and the shell.

[0020] Furthermore, the reflux pipe is arranged in sections, and adjacent sections of the reflux pipe are connected by a second connecting flange.

[0021] Preferably, the reflux pipe is arranged in two sections.

[0022] Furthermore, N nozzles are evenly distributed on the nozzle pipe, and N is a positive integer greater than 3.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0024] (1) Effectively reduce the heat transfer dead zone in the shell side and improve the heat transfer efficiency of the equipment. Under the jet action of the fluid jetting rapidly at the end of the nozzle, the shell-side medium in the outer head part will be disturbed to the maximum extent, the fluid flow rate is accelerated, and the heat transfer dead zone is reduced.

[0025] (2) The position of the nozzle is directly opposite to the outer end face of the floating head cover. Under the action of the shell-side pressure, the fluid will jet out rapidly from the end of the nozzle directly opposite to the outer end face of the floating head cover. Therefore, the entire outer surface and the bottom area of the floating head cover can be washed sharply by the jetted fluid. During the heat exchange process, the dirt on the outer surface and the bottom area of the floating head cover will be continuously blown off, the dirt will not form deposits, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the equipment operation failure caused by dirt deposition at the floating head cover part is effectively avoided, the overhaul period of the equipment is extended, the overhaul time and overhaul cost of the equipment are saved, the service life of the equipment is extended, and the operation stability of the equipment is improved;

[0026] (3) When the equipment is cleaned and overhauled regularly, the floating head cover and the dirt deposited on the surface of the outer head can be cleaned without disassembling the outer head; the cumbersome overhaul process of disassembling the outer head part of the equipment and replacing the equipment gasket and retesting the pressure during assembly when cleaning the dirt regularly is effectively avoided. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 is Figure 1 Cross-sectional view A-A in the figure.

[0029] In the figure: 1, tube sheet; 2, tube-side medium inlet; 3, shell; 4, shell-side medium inlet; 5, self-circulating sewage discharge device; 6, outer head; 7, floating head cover; 8, shell-side medium outlet; 9, tube bundle; 10, tube-side medium outlet;

[0030] 501, drainage pipe; 502, support plate; 503, first connecting flange; 504, exhaust port; 505, return pipe; 506, spray pipe; 507, nozzle; 508, second connecting flange;

[0031] 601, head; 602, cylinder; 603, third connecting flange;

[0032] Figure 1 In the figure, arrow B indicates the flow direction of the tube-side medium; Figure 1 In the figure, arrow C indicates the flow direction of the shell-side medium.

[0033] Figure 2 In the figure, the arrow indicates the flow direction of the shell-side medium after entering the spray pipe and nozzle from the drainage pipe. Specific implementation mode

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, a self-circulating sewage discharge floating head heat exchanger according to the present utility model includes a shell 3, a shell-side medium inlet 4 and a shell-side medium outlet 8 are provided on the shell 3, a floating head cover 7 is provided at one end of the shell 3, and an outer head 6 is provided outside the floating head cover 7; a self-circulating sewage discharge device 5 is provided around the outer head 6, the self-circulating sewage discharge device 5 includes a spray pipe 506, the spray pipe 506 is arranged around the outer head 6, a nozzle 507 is provided on the spray pipe 506 through the outer head 6, and the nozzle 507 is arranged corresponding to the outer end face of the floating head cover 7;

[0036] The spray pipe 506 is connected to the shell-side medium inlet 4 through a drainage pipe 501;

[0037] It further includes a return pipe 505, the inlet of the return pipe 505 penetrates through the outer head 6, and the outlet of the return pipe 505 is connected to the shell-side medium outlet 8.

[0038] An exhaust port 504 is provided on the drainage pipe 501.

[0039] The exhaust port 504 is arranged on the drainage pipe 501 at the top of the outer head 6.

[0040] The outer cover 6 includes a third connecting flange 603, a cylinder 602, and a head 601 that are sequentially connected. The inlet of the return pipe 505 is provided at the rear end of the nozzle 506, which means that the inlet of the return pipe 505 is arranged relative to the nozzle 506 in the direction of the head, that is, the return pipe is arranged between the nozzle 506 and the head 601.

[0041] At the other end of the housing 3, there is a tube box 1. The tube box 1 is provided with a tube-side medium inlet 2 and a tube-side medium outlet 10. The tube-side medium enters from the tube-side medium inlet 2, exchanges heat through the tube bundle 9, and then flows out from the tube-side medium outlet 10.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] On the basis of Embodiment 1, the drain pipe 501 can be arranged in sections, and adjacent sections of the drain pipe 501 are connected by a first connecting flange 503.

[0044] The drain pipe 501 can be arranged in two sections. The specific number of sections of the drain pipe 501 can be set according to the actual situation. For example, it can be arranged in three sections, four sections, or five sections.

[0045] A support plate 502 is provided between the drain pipe 501 and the housing 3.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] On the basis of Embodiment 2, the return pipe 505 can be arranged in sections, and adjacent sections of the return pipe 505 are connected by a second connecting flange 508.

[0048] The return pipe 505 can be arranged in two sections. The specific number of sections of the return pipe 505 can be set according to the actual situation. For example, it can be arranged in three sections, four sections, or five sections.

[0049] Embodiment 4

[0050] On the basis of Embodiment 3, N nozzles 507 are evenly distributed on the nozzle 506, where N is a positive integer greater than 3. N can be 4, 6, 8, or 10. Usually, N is an even number. Further preferably, N is a multiple of 4. For example, N can be 4, 8, 12, or 16.

[0051] Working process or working principle:

[0052] During the operation of the device, when the shell-side medium flows into the shell-side medium inlet, a part of the shell-side medium will be diverted into the diversion pipe 501. The shell-side medium is quickly diverted along the diversion pipe 501 to the top of the outer head 6, and flows into the annular flow channel of the nozzle 506 along the diversion pipe 501 at the top of the outer head 6. The shell-side medium entering the top of the nozzle 506 will be diverted again under the dual action of the fluid gravity and the shell-side pressure drop. The two fluid streams respectively flow downward and accelerate along the semi-circular flow channels. And the shell-side medium will flow into the circumferentially evenly distributed nozzles 507 during the accelerating flow process. Since the positions of the nozzles 507 are facing the outer end face of the floating head cover 7, under the action of the shell-side pressure, the fluid will be ejected rapidly from the end of the nozzle 507 facing the outer end face of the floating head cover 7. Therefore, the entire outer surface and the bottom area of the floating head cover 7 can be washed sharply by the ejected fluid. During the heat exchange process, the dirt on the outer surface and the bottom area of the floating head cover 7 will be continuously blown off, and no dirt deposition will form, effectively avoiding the equipment operation failure caused by dirt deposition at the floating head cover 7. Moreover, under the jet action of the fluid ejected rapidly from the end of the nozzle 507, the shell-side medium in the outer head part will be disturbed to the maximum extent, the fluid flow rate is increased, and the heat transfer dead zone is reduced, greatly improving the heat transfer efficiency of the shell side.

[0053] The return pipe 505 is arranged at the rear end position of the nozzle 506 and is connected to the outer head 6 and the shell-side medium outlet 8. During the heat exchange process, the impurities formed by the shell-side medium and a small amount of residual dirt will flow out from the return pipe 505 at the bottom of the outer head 6 along with the return of the shell-side medium and finally flow out of the heat exchanger from the shell-side medium outlet 8.

[0054] During the heat exchange process of the shell side, the operation of the self-circulation sewage discharge device will form a self-circulation sewage discharge process from diversion to return along with the inflow and outflow of the shell-side medium. After the self-circulation sewage discharge by the self-circulation sewage discharge device, not only can the dirt deposition be minimized, the heat transfer dead zone be reduced, and the heat transfer efficiency of the shell side be improved, but also the equipment maintenance period can be extended, the operation stability of the equipment can be improved, and the service life of the equipment can be prolonged.

[0055] In the present utility model, the description of the directions and relative position relationships of the structures, such as the descriptions of front, back, left, right, up and down, does not constitute a limitation to the present utility model, but is only for the convenience of description.

Claims

1. A self-circulating sewage discharge floating head type heat exchanger, comprising a shell (3), the shell (3) being provided with a shell side medium inlet (4) and a shell side medium outlet (8), a floating head cover (7) being provided at one end of the shell (3), and an outer head cover (6) being provided outside the floating head cover (7); characterized in that: A self-circulating sewage discharge device (5) is arranged around the outer head cover (6), and the self-circulating sewage discharge device (5) includes a nozzle (506). The nozzle (506) is arranged around the outer head cover (6), and a nozzle (507) is arranged on the nozzle (506) and penetrates the outer head cover (6). The nozzle (507) is arranged corresponding to the outer end surface of the floating head cover (7); The nozzle (506) is connected to the shell-side medium inlet (4) through the drainage pipe (501); It also includes a reflux pipe (505), the inlet of which passes through the outer head cover (6), and the outlet of which is connected to the shell-side medium outlet (8).

2. A self-circulating sewage floating head heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust port (504) is provided on the drainage tube (501).

3. A self-circulating sewage floating head heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust port (504) is arranged on the drainage pipe (501) at the top of the outer head cover (6).

4. A self-circulating sewage floating head heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inlet of the return pipe (505) is arranged at the rear end of the nozzle (506).

5. A self-circulating sewage floating head heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (501) is arranged in sections, and adjacent drainage pipe (501) sections are connected via a first connecting flange (503).

6. A self-circulating sewage floating head heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drainage tube (501) is arranged in two sections.

7. The self-circulating sewage floating head heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: A support plate (502) is provided between the drainage tube (501) and the shell (3).

8. A self-circulating sewage floating head heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The return pipe (505) is arranged in sections, and adjacent return pipe (505) sections are connected via a second connecting flange (508).

9. A self-circulating sewage floating head heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reflux pipe (505) is arranged in two sections.

10. A self-circulating sewage floating head heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: There are N nozzles (507) evenly distributed on the nozzle (506), where N is a positive integer greater than 3.

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