Airborne data chain directional antenna device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an airborne data chain directional antenna device, which comprises a flange plate and a dielectric plate fixed on the flange plate, one side of the dielectric plate is provided with an antenna main radiator and a plurality of directors, and the antenna main radiator, the directors and the flange plate form a yagi antenna structure. The airborne data chain directional antenna device is simple and novel in structure, the structure of an unmanned aerial vehicle is fully utilized, the flange plate is used as a reflector of a yagi antenna structure, use of other electromagnetic components is reduced, space is saved, and the airborne data chain directional antenna device can be compact. The airborne data chain directional antenna device can realize high gain, and can meet the directional radiation requirement at the same time. The main antenna radiator in the airborne data chain directional antenna device is high in tunability and convenient to optimize and process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and particularly relates to an airborne data link directional antenna device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of communication technology, as a fast and flexible device, unmanned aerial vehicles play an increasingly obvious role in various exercises and emergency disaster relief occasions.

[0003] Due to the limited space of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, a large number of antennas and communication devices are installed. There are mutual shielding and interference between various antennas and communication devices of the same and different frequency bands, making the electromagnetic environment on the unmanned aerial vehicle very complex. When flying in the far field, the distance is far and the communication rate requirement is high, which leads to a relatively high requirement for antenna gain. Therefore, a directional antenna needs to be made to meet the requirements to ensure the normal communication of the air-ground data link.

[0004] Existing airborne antennas mostly adopt monopole antennas and conventional Yagi antennas. The monopole antenna has a wide bandwidth and is easy to receive interference signals. At the same time, the radiation of the monopole antenna is omnidirectional and cannot achieve the directional function. Although the conventional Yagi antenna can achieve the directional function, it has large size requirements and is not easy to process. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a compact airborne data link directional antenna device that is easy to process.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: an airborne data link directional antenna device, including a flange and a dielectric plate fixed on the flange. An antenna main radiator and a plurality of directors are arranged on one side of the dielectric plate. The antenna main radiator, the directors and the flange form a Yagi antenna structure.

[0007] In one embodiment, it further includes a housing, and the housing is connected to the flange to form a closed chamber, and the dielectric plate is located in the closed chamber.

[0008] In one embodiment, the dielectric plate is integrally in an isosceles trapezoid shape.

[0009] In one embodiment, the number of the directors is multiple, and the multiple directors are arranged in parallel.

[0010] In one embodiment, the dielectric plate is a PCBA board.

[0011] In one embodiment, both the antenna main radiator and the directors are patch structures arranged on the dielectric plate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the main antenna radiator includes two mirror-symmetrical sub-parts. Each sub-part includes a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, a fourth branch, a fifth branch, and an L-shaped branch that are connected in sequence. The first branch, the third branch, and the fifth branch are parallel to each other. The second branch is parallel to the fourth branch. The first branch, the second branch, the third branch, the fourth branch, and the fifth branch form an S-shaped structure. The first branches in the two sub-parts are connected to each other.

[0013] In one embodiment, it further includes a feeding balun disposed on the dielectric plate. The feeding balun is connected to the main antenna radiator.

[0014] In one embodiment, an installation structure is provided on the flange.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The structure of this airborne data link directional antenna device is simple and novel. It makes full use of the structure of the UAV itself, uses the flange as the reflector of the Yagi antenna structure, reduces the use of other electromagnetic components, is conducive to saving space, and enables the airborne data link directional antenna device to achieve compactness. The overall structure of this airborne data link directional antenna device adopts the form of a microstrip Yagi antenna. At the same time, the main antenna radiator is bent, and an impedance tuning structure is added, so that the standing wave in the working frequency band of the L band (1.45 GHz - 1.53 GHz) deepens, and the VSWR is all below 2, and the gain can reach 7 dBi, achieving high gain, and at the same time, it can also meet the requirements of directional radiation. The main antenna radiator in this airborne data link directional antenna device has strong tunability, which is convenient for optimization and processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is an exploded view of the airborne data link directional antenna device of this embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a front view of the dielectric plate in the airborne data link directional antenna device of this embodiment;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a VSWR diagram of the airborne data link directional antenna device of this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 It is an antenna efficiency diagram of the airborne data link directional antenna device of this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 5 is the antenna gain diagram of the airborne data link directional antenna device of this embodiment;

[0022] Figure 6 is the antenna pattern of the airborne data link directional antenna device of this embodiment.

[0023] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0024] 1. Flange;

[0025] 2. Dielectric plate;

[0026] 3. Antenna main radiator; 31. Sub - part; 311. First branch; 312. Second branch; 313. Third branch; 314. Fourth branch; 315. Fifth branch; 316. L - shaped branch;

[0027] 4. Director;

[0028] 5. Outer shell. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present utility model will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0031] It should be noted that if there are directional indications such as up, down, left, right, front, back... in the embodiments of the present utility model, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture as shown in the drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0032] In addition, if there are descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present utility model, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

[0033] In addition, the meaning of "and / or" as used throughout the text is that it includes three parallel solutions. Taking "and / or" as an example, it includes the solution of "A", or the solution of "B", or the solution that satisfies both "A" and "B" simultaneously. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this utility model.

[0034] In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] Embodiment

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , an embodiment of the present utility model is: an airborne data link directional antenna device, which is carried on an unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0037] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the airborne data link directional antenna device includes a flange 1 and a dielectric plate 2 fixed on the flange 1. On one side of the dielectric plate 2, there are an antenna main radiator 3 and several directors 4. The antenna main radiator 3, the directors 4 and the flange 1 form a Yagi antenna structure. That is to say, the flange 1 acts as a reflector.

[0038] It is easy to understand that the flange 1 is only an installation structure for connecting the dielectric plate 2 to the fuselage of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the prior art. However, in this embodiment, the flange 1 also plays the role of a reflector of the Yagi antenna structure. While developing a new function of the flange 1, it can simplify the structure of the airborne data link directional antenna device, thus facilitating the production and manufacturing of the airborne data link directional antenna device.

[0039] Specifically, the flange 1 is provided with an installation structure, and the airborne data link directional antenna device is installed and fixed to the fuselage of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the installation structure. The installation structure includes but is not limited to buckles, installation holes, etc.

[0040] The airborne data link directional antenna device further includes a housing 5. The housing 5 is connected to the flange 1 to form a closed chamber, and the dielectric plate 2 is located in the closed chamber, and the dielectric plate 2 in the closed chamber can be fully protected.

[0041] The number of the directors 4 is multiple, and the multiple directors 4 are arranged in parallel. In this embodiment, the number of the directors 4 is two. The number of the directors 4 can be set according to actual needs. For the Yagi antenna structure, the gain of the Yagi antenna structure will increase by some for each additional director 4.

[0042] The dielectric plate 2 is a PCBA board. Optionally, the dielectric plate 2 is integrally in an isosceles trapezoid shape. In this embodiment, both the antenna main radiator 3 and the directors 4 are patch structures provided on the dielectric plate 2. In other embodiments, the antenna main radiator 3 and the directors 4 can also be formed by the etching process of the dielectric plate 2.

[0043] Specifically, the antenna main radiator 3 is a left-right symmetric structure. The antenna main radiator 3 includes two mirror-symmetric sub-parts 31. The sub-part 31 includes a first branch 311, a second branch 312, a third branch 313, a fourth branch 314, a fifth branch 315, and an L-shaped branch 316 connected in sequence. The first branch 311, the third branch 313, and the fifth branch 315 are parallel to each other. The second branch 312 and the fourth branch 314 are parallel to each other. The first branch 311, the second branch 312, the third branch 313, the fourth branch 314, and the fifth branch 315 form an S-shaped structure. The first branches 311 in the two sub-parts 31 are connected to each other. In other embodiments, the antenna main radiator 3 can be adjusted to other shapes according to the requirements of the performance simulation results.

[0044] The airborne data link directional antenna device further includes a feeding balun provided on the dielectric plate 2, and the feeding balun is connected to the antenna main radiator 3.

[0045] Figure 3 This is the VSWR diagram of the airborne data link directional antenna device. From Figure 3 it can be seen that the VSWR corresponding to the working frequency band of 1.45 GHz - 1.53 GHz of the airborne data link directional antenna device is about 1.88 - 1.67, the antenna standing wave becomes deeper, and the VSWR is all below 2.

[0046] Figure 4 This is the antenna efficiency diagram of the airborne data link directional antenna device. From Figure 4 it can be seen that the efficiency corresponding to the working frequency band of 1.45 GHz - 1.53 GHz of the airborne data link directional antenna device is -2 dB - -0.48 dB.

[0047] Figure 5 This is the antenna gain diagram of the airborne data link directional antenna device. From Figure 5It can be seen that the gain of the onboard data link directional antenna device in the 1.45GHz-1.53GHz working frequency band is 7.15dbi~7.36dbi, and the antenna gain is greatly improved.

[0048] Figure 6 is the antenna pattern of the onboard data link directional antenna device, from Figure 6 It can be seen that the radiation direction of the onboard data link directional antenna device is highly directional.

[0049] The above are only optional embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the utility model concept, or directly / indirectly used in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airborne data link directional antenna device, characterized in that: It includes a flange and a dielectric plate fixed on the flange, one side of the dielectric plate is provided with an antenna main radiator and a plurality of directors, and the antenna main radiator, the directors and the flange constitute a Yagi antenna structure; The main radiator of the antenna comprises two mirror-symmetrical sub-sections, wherein the sub-sections comprise a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, a fourth branch, a fifth branch and an L-shaped branch connected in sequence, the first branch, the third branch and the fifth branch are parallel, the second branch is parallel to the fourth branch, the first branch, the second branch, the third branch, the fourth branch and the fifth branch form an S-shaped structure, and the first branches in the two sub-sections are connected to each other; It also includes a feeding balun arranged on the dielectric board, and the feeding balun is connected to the main radiator of the antenna.

2. The airborne data link directional antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a shell, wherein the shell is connected to the flange to form a closed chamber, and the medium plate is located in the closed chamber.

3. The airborne data link directional antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium plate is in an isosceles trapezoidal shape as a whole.

4. The airborne data link directional antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the directors is multiple, and the multiple directors are arranged in parallel.

5. The airborne data link directional antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medium board is a PCBA board.

6. The airborne data link directional antenna device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main antenna radiator and the director are both patch structures arranged on the dielectric plate.

7. The airborne data link directional antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange is provided with a mounting structure.

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