Short-wave antenna simulator capable of automatically controlling network topology

Abstract

The utility model discloses a short-wave antenna simulator capable of automatically controlling network topology, which comprises a power supply conversion unit with a power supply circuit and a frequency signal buffer circuit, a frequency measurement control unit, a composite network unit and a radio frequency load unit, the input end of the power supply circuit is connected with an external low-frequency interface, the output end of the power supply circuit is respectively connected with the frequency measurement control unit and the composite network unit, the output end of the frequency signal buffer circuit is connected with the frequency measurement control unit, and the control ends, the input end and the output end of the composite network unit are respectively connected with the frequency measurement control unit, an external high-frequency interface and a radio frequency load unit. The frequency measurement control unit is provided with an antenna network topology type selection switch; the composite network unit is provided with an L-shaped network with four kinds of analog antenna impedance. Various antenna network topologies can be selected, the network topology can be automatically controlled, use is convenient, the effect is good, the form is accurate, research and development time is shortened, the size is small, heat dissipation is good, setting is easy, and consumption of manpower and material resources is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of communication equipment, and particularly relates to a short-wave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology. Background Technique

[0002] An antenna is a combination of one or more conductors, which is a device for transmitting or receiving radio signals. With the development of short-wave communication technology and antenna technology, the requirements of communication systems for the performance indicators of short-wave antennas are gradually increasing. Short-wave antennas are widely used in radio direction finding and long-distance radio communication.

[0003] In order to optimally transmit power into the antenna, an antenna tuner is needed to control the impedance of the transmission line to match the antenna, so as to control the optimal standing wave ratio.

[0004] During the impedance matching process with the antenna using an antenna tuner, it is necessary to assemble, connect, debug, inspect and repair the test antenna in an open area without obstacles. However, short-wave antennas are generally large in size, which increases the required manpower, workload and test time. Their erection is also somewhat complicated, and the switching of different types of antennas is also a problem. Different antenna network topologies need to be assembled according to the situation, which is time-consuming and laborious. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a simulator for short-wave antennas to reduce the consumption of manpower and material resources. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A short-wave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology includes a power conversion unit with a power supply circuit and a frequency signal buffer circuit, a frequency measurement control unit, a composite network unit and a radio frequency load unit. The input end of the power supply circuit is connected to an external low-frequency interface, and its output end is respectively connected to the frequency measurement control unit and the composite network unit. The output end of the frequency signal buffer circuit is connected to the frequency measurement control unit. The control end, input end and output end of the composite network unit are respectively connected to the frequency measurement control unit, an external high-frequency interface and the radio frequency load unit. The frequency measurement control unit has a selection switch for the type of antenna network topology;

[0007] The composite network unit has a shift register and a relay driver chip, and also has 4 L-type networks for simulating antenna impedance composed of a parallel inductor, a parallel capacitor, a series inductor and a series capacitor. The switching of the 4 L-type networks is controlled by a relay switch, and the relay switch is controlled by the shift register and the relay driver chip. The maximum combined inductance of the parallel inductor and the series inductor is 16 μH respectively, and the maximum combined capacitance of the parallel capacitor and the series capacitor is 3000 pF respectively. The shift register is cascaded to control the inductance and capacitance according to the change of the signal frequency.

[0008] Further, the frequency measurement control unit is connected to antenna indicator lights of different types. The antenna simulation state of the antenna simulator is controlled by pressing a selection switch and indicated by the indicator lights.

[0009] Further, the present utility model further includes a sensing and heat dissipation unit composed of a radiator, a semiconductor refrigeration chip, and a temperature sensor. The radiator is composed of a fan and a metal heat dissipation block. The temperature sensor is installed on the metal heat dissipation block. The semiconductor refrigeration chip is sandwiched between the metal outer shell of the antenna simulator and the metal heat dissipation block. The power supply circuit of the power conversion unit is connected to the sensing and heat dissipation unit, and the frequency measurement control unit is connected to the sensing and heat dissipation unit for monitoring and control.

[0010] Further, the power supply circuit has a 5V voltage regulator and a 3.3V voltage regulator. The frequency signal buffer circuit has a buffer chip. The 5V voltage regulator converts the externally provided +12V into +5V, and the 3.3V voltage regulator converts +5V into +3.3V. Among them, +5V is used for the operation of the buffer chip, and +3.3V is used to supply power to the frequency measurement control unit. The buffer chip buffers and outputs the input frequency signal FREQ_IN provided by the external low-frequency interface as FREQ_BUFFER.

[0011] Further, the RF load unit consists of 4 resistors of 200 ohms in parallel to the ground to form an RF load. During operation, the RF power is dissipated on the RF load and causes it to heat up. The temperature sensor feeds back the detected temperature to the frequency measurement control unit, and the frequency measurement control unit controls the operation of the radiator and the semiconductor refrigeration chip.

[0012] Further, the frequency measurement control unit is composed of a controller and its external circuit. Among them, the crystal oscillator circuit is composed of a crystal and a resonant capacitor. The resistors are respectively for BOOT mode selection and reset circuit, and the capacitor is for decoupling.

[0013] Preferably, the model of the shift register is 74HC595D, and the model of the relay driver chip is ULN2803ADW.

[0014] Preferably, the model of the 5V voltage regulator is LT1962-5, the model of the 3.3V voltage regulator is LT1963-3.3, and the model of the buffer chip is 74HC241.

[0015] Preferably, the model of the controller is STM32F030F4P6.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: There can be various choices of antenna network topologies, and its network topology can be automatically controlled, which is convenient to use in the process of production and research and development of antenna tuners. It has good effects when applied to the debugging, inspection and maintenance of antenna tuners, accurately simulates the impedance forms of different types of antennas, shortens the production and research and development time of antenna tuners, is small in size, has good heat dissipation, is easy to set, reduces the consumption of manpower and material resources, and has good application prospects. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of each unit inside the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic circuit principle diagram of the power conversion unit of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic circuit principle diagram of the frequency measurement control unit of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic circuit principle diagram of the composite network unit of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sensing and heat dissipation unit of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the impedance range where the 4 network topologies of the present utility model are matched to Z0 on the Smith chart;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the network topology of the present utility model simulating antenna impedance;

[0024] Figure 8 It is an application schematic diagram of the present utility model with a shortwave radio and an antenna tuner.

[0025] As shown in the figure: 1. Low-frequency interface; 2. High-frequency interface; 10. Power conversion unit; 11. Power supply circuit; 12. Frequency signal buffer circuit; 20. Sensing and heat dissipation unit; 21. Radiator; 22. Semiconductor refrigeration chip; 23. Temperature sensor; 30. Frequency measurement control unit; 40. Composite network unit; 50. RF load unit; 101. 5V voltage regulator; 102. 3.3V voltage regulator; 103. Buffer chip; 104. Controller; 105. Selection switch; 106. Shift register; 107. Relay driver chip. Detailed Embodiment

[0026] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0027] The utility model provides a short-wave antenna simulator with automatic control of network topology, which optimizes the network topology structure of the short-wave antenna simulator, automatically and accurately simulates the impedance of the antenna in the short-wave frequency band, and the built-in radio frequency load and rapid refrigeration design solve the problems of volume and heat dissipation, and can replace the antenna for debugging, inspection and maintenance of the antenna tuner.

[0028] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above technical problems is: a short-wave antenna simulator with automatic control of network topology, including a power conversion unit 10, a sensing and heat dissipation unit 20, a frequency measurement and control unit 30, a composite network unit 40, and a radio frequency load unit 50. The power conversion unit 10 includes a power supply circuit 11 and a frequency signal buffer circuit 12. The sensing and heat dissipation unit 20 can realize temperature measurement and rapid refrigeration. The frequency measurement and control unit 30 is connected to the sensing and heat dissipation unit 20 to realize temperature detection and refrigeration control. The frequency measurement and control unit 30 is connected to the composite network unit 40 and controls the relay to realize network topology switching according to the frequency signal buffered by the power conversion unit 10. The radio frequency load unit 50 is connected to the composite network unit 40 to realize the dissipation of radio frequency power and the simulation of impedance.

[0029] Among them, the power conversion unit 10 includes a power supply circuit 11 and a frequency signal buffer circuit 12. The input end of the power conversion unit 10 is connected to an external low-frequency interface 1. The output end of the power supply circuit 11 is respectively connected to the sensing and heat dissipation unit 20, the frequency measurement and control unit 30, and the composite network unit 40 to provide working voltage. The output end of the frequency signal buffer circuit 12 is connected to the frequency measurement and control unit 30, and the frequency measurement and control unit 30 can switch different network topology structures according to frequency parameters.

[0030] Among them, the sensing and heat dissipation unit 20 is connected to the frequency measurement and control unit 30. The frequency measurement and control unit 30 obtains the real-time sensing temperature through the sensing and heat dissipation unit 20, controls the operation of the radiator and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, and quickly cools down the radio frequency load unit 50 and the simulator.

[0031] Among them, the input end of the composite network unit 40 is connected to an external high-frequency interface 2, and its control end is connected to the frequency measurement and control unit 30. After the frequency measurement and control unit 30 obtains the frequency parameters of the frequency signal buffer circuit 12, it controls the switching of one of the 4 L-type network forms that simulate the antenna impedance in the composite network unit 40.

[0032] Among them, the input end of the radio frequency load unit 50 is connected to the output end of the composite network unit 40. A high-power radio frequency load is composed of 4 50-ohm high-frequency power resistors. The radio frequency power enters the composite network unit 40 from the external high-frequency interface 2 to the radio frequency load unit 50 and is finally dissipated in the form of heat.

[0033] As Figure 1 shown, an automatic control network topology short-wave antenna simulator includes a power conversion unit 10, and the power conversion unit 10 further includes a power supply circuit 11 and a frequency signal buffer circuit 12. The input end of the power supply circuit 11 is connected to an external low-frequency interface 1, and the output end of the power supply circuit 11 is respectively connected to a sensing and heat dissipation unit 20, a frequency measurement and control unit 30, and a composite network unit 40. The output end of the frequency signal buffer circuit 12 is connected to the frequency measurement and control unit 30. The sensing and heat dissipation unit 20 is connected to the frequency measurement and control unit 30. The input end of the composite network unit 40 is connected to an external high-frequency interface 2, the control end is connected to the frequency measurement and control unit 30, and the output end is connected to a radio frequency load unit 50.

[0034] As Figure 2 shown, the power supply circuit 11 converts +12V provided by the external low-frequency interface 1 into +5V through a 5V voltage regulator 101, and converts +5V into +3.3V through a 3.3V voltage regulator 102. Capacitors C1 and C2 are bypass stabilizing capacitors. Among them, +5V is used for the operation of the buffer chip 103 in the frequency signal buffer circuit 12, and +3.3V supplies power to the frequency measurement and control unit 30. The buffer chip 103 in the frequency signal buffer circuit 12 buffers and outputs the input frequency signal FREQ_IN provided by the external low-frequency interface 1 as FREQ_BUFFER. The model of the 5V voltage regulator 101 is preferably LT1962-5, the model of the 3.3V voltage regulator 102 is preferably LT1963-3.3, and the model of the buffer chip 103 is preferably 74HC241.

[0035] As Figure 3 shown, the frequency measurement and control unit 30 consists of a controller 104 and its external circuit. Among them, the crystal oscillator circuit consists of a crystal Y1 and resonant capacitors C4 and C5. Resistors R1 and R2 are respectively the BOOT mode selection and reset circuits, and capacitor C3 is for decoupling. The PA0 port of the controller 104 is connected to the output end of the buffer chip 103 of the frequency signal buffer circuit 12; PA1 and PA2 of the I / O port are connected to the control ports of the radiator and the semiconductor refrigeration chip of the sensing and heat dissipation unit 20, and PA4 is connected to the temperature sensor of the sensing and heat dissipation unit 20; PA14, PA13, and PA10 of the I / O port are respectively connected to the control ports of the shift register 106 of the composite network unit 40; PB1 of the I / O port is connected to the antenna selection switch 105, and PA5, PA6, and PA7 of the I / O port are respectively connected to different types of antenna indicator lights D1, D2, and D3. By pressing the selection switch 105, the antenna simulator is controlled to be in the simulation state of a certain type of antenna, and is indicated by the indicator lights D1, D2, and D3. The model of the controller 104 is preferably STM32F030F4P6.

[0036] As shown Figure 4 in the figure, the composite network unit 40 drives the closing of a series of relays jointly by the shift register 106 and the relay driver chip 107, corresponding to controlling the conversion of the network. The L-type network with 4 kinds of simulated antenna impedances is composed of a parallel inductor L1, a parallel capacitor CAP1, a series inductor L2, and a series capacitor CAP2. Four L-type networks that can be respectively formed are: the parallel inductor L1 in series with the series capacitor CAP2, the parallel inductor L1 in series with the series inductor L2, the parallel capacitor CAP1 in series with the series inductor L2, and the parallel capacitor CAP1 in series with the series capacitor CAP2. The switching of the four L-type networks is controlled by the relay switches K1, K2, and K3. For example, if the type of antenna to be simulated currently is a whip antenna, that is, simulated in the way of the parallel capacitor CAP1 in series with the series inductor L2, at this time, switch K1 and K2 to connect the two ends of the parallel capacitor CAP1, and K3 to connect the series inductor L2, then the switching of this type of antenna can be completed; in addition, the parallel inductor L1 and the series inductor L2, the parallel capacitor CAP1 and the series capacitor CAP2 are cascaded by a series of shift registers 106 to control the relays, and then the switching of different values of inductance and capacitance can be controlled. Among them, the maximum combined inductance of the parallel inductor L1 and the series inductor L2 is 16 μH respectively, and the maximum combined capacitance of the parallel capacitor CAP1 and the series capacitor CAP2 is 3000 pF respectively. The shift register 106 can cascade to automatically control each inductance and capacitance according to the frequency change of the signal. The RF_IN port of the composite network unit 40 is connected to the external high-frequency interface 2, and the RF_LOAD port is used as the output end to connect to the radio frequency load unit 50. The model of the shift register 106 is preferably selected as 74HC595D, and the model of the relay driver chip 107 is preferably selected as ULN2803ADW.

[0037] As shown Figure 5 in the figure, the sensing and heat dissipation unit 20 is composed of a radiator 21, a semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22, and a temperature sensor 23. Among them, the radiator 21 is composed of a fan and a metal heat sink. The temperature sensor 23 is installed on the metal heat sink. The semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 is sandwiched between the metal shell of the antenna simulator and the metal heat sink to fully refrigerate and dissipate heat. In addition, the radio frequency load unit 50 is composed of 4 200-ohm resistors connected in parallel to the ground to form a radio frequency load. When working, the radio frequency power is dissipated on the radio frequency load and makes it heat up. At this time, the radiator 21 and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 work to reduce the temperature, and the temperature sensor 23 feeds back the detected temperature to the frequency measurement and control unit 30 in real time.

[0038] The composite network unit 40 can switch 4 L-type networks with simulated antenna impedances. As shown Figure 6 in the figure, the gray part is the impedance range where the network topology is matched to Z0 on the Smith chart. They are all combined in the form of first parallel and then series, basically covering the impedance forms of different types of antenna simulations.

[0039] As shown Figure 7 in the figure, it is an example diagram of simulating antenna impedance by first connecting inductors in parallel and then capacitors in series using a network topology. Among them, line1 is the impedance performance of the L-shaped network at a frequency of 2 - 30 MHz, and line2 is the impedance performance of the actual antenna at a frequency of 2 - 30 MHz. Due to the existence of inductance and capacitance errors, there is a certain difference between the two curves, but the trends of impedance changes are the same.

[0040] Combined with as shown Figures 1 to 8 , the working process of the short-wave antenna simulator for automatically controlling the network topology is as follows:

[0041] The short-wave radio controls the operation of the antenna tuner through a radio frequency cable. The antenna tuner outputs the supply voltage +12V and the frequency signal to the power conversion unit 10 through the external low-frequency interface 1. The power supply circuit 11 and the frequency signal buffer circuit 12 in the power conversion unit 10 process and convert them respectively. The output end of the power supply circuit 11 supplies power to the sensing and heat dissipation unit 20, the frequency measurement and control unit 30, and the composite network unit 40 respectively for operation. The output end of the frequency signal buffer circuit 12 transmits the frequency signal to the frequency measurement and control unit 30. After receiving the frequency signal, the frequency measurement and control unit 30 controls the indicators D1, D2, and D3 to indicate according to the selected antenna type set by the selection switch 105, and controls the operation of the shift register 106 and the relay driver chip 107 of the composite network unit 40, thereby driving the relay to switch the network topology of the currently set antenna at this frequency. In addition, the antenna tuner outputs the radio frequency power to the switched network topology through the external high-frequency interface 2. At the same time, the frequency measurement and control unit 30 reads the detected temperature of the temperature sensor 23 of the sensing and heat dissipation unit 20 in real time, and controls the operation of the radiator 21 and the semiconductor refrigeration sheet 22 to cool down the radio frequency load unit 50 until the antenna tuner updates the frequency signal through the external low-frequency interface 1, and the antenna simulator will automatically switch the inductance and capacitance of the network topology.

[0042] The present utility model is not limited to the above best implementation manner. Any other product identical or similar to the present utility model obtained by anyone under the inspiration of the present utility model falls within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A shortwave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology, comprising a power conversion unit having a power supply circuit and a frequency signal buffer circuit, a frequency measurement control unit, a composite network unit and a radio frequency load unit, characterized in that: The input end of the power supply circuit is connected to an external low-frequency interface, and its output end is respectively connected to the frequency measurement control unit and the composite network unit; the output end of the frequency signal buffer circuit is connected to the frequency measurement control unit; the control end, input end, and output end of the composite network unit are respectively connected to the frequency measurement control unit, the external high-frequency interface, and the radio frequency load unit; the frequency measurement control unit has a selection switch for the antenna network topology type; The composite network unit has a shift register and a relay driver chip, and also has four L-type networks consisting of parallel inductance, parallel capacitance, series inductance and series capacitance to simulate antenna impedance. The switching of the four L-type networks is controlled by a relay switch, and the relay switch is controlled by a shift register and a relay driver chip. The maximum combined inductance of the parallel inductance and the series inductance is 16uH respectively, and the maximum combined capacitance of the parallel capacitance and the series capacitance is 3000pF respectively. The shift register cascade controls the inductance and capacitance according to the signal frequency change.

2. A shortwave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency measurement control unit is connected to different types of antenna indicator lights, and the antenna simulation state of the antenna simulator is selected by pressing the selection switch, which is indicated by the indicator light.

3. The shortwave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sensing heat dissipation unit composed of a radiator, a semiconductor cooling sheet and a temperature sensor. The radiator is composed of a fan and a metal heat dissipation block. The temperature sensor is installed on the metal heat dissipation block. The semiconductor cooling sheet is sandwiched between the metal shell and the metal heat dissipation block of the antenna simulator. The power supply circuit of the power conversion unit is connected to the sensing heat dissipation unit, and the frequency measurement control unit is connected to the sensing heat dissipation unit for monitoring and control.

4. A shortwave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply circuit has a 5V regulator and a 3.3V regulator, and the frequency signal buffer circuit has a buffer chip. The 5V regulator converts the externally provided +12V into +5V, and the 3.3V regulator converts +5V into +3.3V, of which +5V is used for the buffer chip to work, and +3.3V is used to power the frequency measurement control unit. The buffer chip buffers the input frequency signal FREQ_IN provided by the external low-frequency interface and outputs it as FREQ_BUFFER.

5. A shortwave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The RF load unit is composed of four 200-ohm resistors connected in parallel to the ground to form an RF load. When working, the RF power is dissipated in the RF load and causes it to generate heat. The temperature sensor feeds back the detected temperature to the frequency measurement control unit, and the frequency measurement control unit controls the operation of the radiator and the semiconductor cooling plate.

6. The shortwave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frequency measurement control unit is composed of a controller and its external circuits, in which the crystal oscillator circuit is composed of a crystal and a resonant capacitor, the resistors are the BOOT mode selection and reset circuits, and the capacitors are for decoupling.

7. The shortwave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The model of the shift register is 74HC595D, and the model of the relay driver chip is ULN2803ADW.

8. The shortwave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The model of the 5V regulator is LT1962-5, the model of the 3.3V regulator is LT1963-3.3, and the model of the buffer chip is 74HC241.

9. The shortwave antenna simulator for automatically controlling network topology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The model of the controller is STM32F030F4P6.

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