Electrically-driven self-excited vibration subsoiling resistance reduction device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electrically-driven self-excited vibration subsoiling resistance reduction device, which is used for plowing and soil preparation subsoiling operation, and comprises a subsoiling component, a pressing and crushing component, a rack and a self-excited vibration component, the rack is fixedly arranged on a traction beam, the electrically-driven self-excited vibration component is assembled above the rack, the subsoiling component is assembled below the rack, and the self-excited vibration component is assembled below the rack. The pressing and soil crushing component is assembled in the middle of the deep scarification component below the rack; an electric excitation source deep scarification device is designed, the adaptive capacity of an excitation source to different soil working environments is improved, the problems of large traction resistance, high energy consumption and the like in the deep scarification operation process are solved, forced deep scarification is changed into resistance reduction vibration deep scarification, single deep scarification is changed into deep scarification and crushed soil pressing, and the soil penetrating angle of a deep scarification shovel can be adjusted according to soil conditions. The subsoiler can well adapt to subsoiling operation, can press and level soil after subsoiling to a certain degree, further cut and smash the soil, enables the soil after operation to be looser, stores water, preserves soil moisture, avoids environmental hazards such as flying dust and the like, and has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to install, flexible in movement, simple and efficient in transmission, easy to popularize and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a subsoiling device, specifically an electric-driven self-excited vibration subsoiling and drag reduction device, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery. Background Art

[0002] Subsoiling is one of the key technologies of conservation tillage technology. The purpose is to effectively loosen the deep soil without turning the soil, break the plow sole, thereby increasing the soil porosity, increasing the water content, and increasing the water infiltration rate. It can enable crops to obtain good growth conditions and is an effective guarantee for increasing the operation yield, and has been widely promoted and applied at home and abroad. At present, the subsoiling technology requires a tillage depth greater than 300 mm, and there are problems such as large resistance and high energy consumption. In terms of subsoiling and drag reduction, the self-excited subsoiling and drag reduction technology has become a research hotspot for scholars at home and abroad, and the self-excited vibration subsoiling and drag reduction effect is remarkable. The self-excited vibration subsoiling machine achieves the purpose of vibration drag reduction through the adaptive morphological response of the elastic element to the change of external load, so that the subsoiling shovel spontaneously generates vibration, which not only has a certain drag reduction effect, but also can better loosen the soil and increase the soil water storage and moisture preservation capacity. The vibration mode of the vibration mechanism will directly affect the operation quality, service life and stability of the subsoiling machine. This patent proposes a self-excited vibration subsoiling method with an electric excitation source, designs an electric excitation source subsoiling device, improves the adaptability of the excitation source to different soil operation environments, solves the problems of large traction resistance and high energy consumption during the subsoiling operation, and has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost and good operation quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electric-driven self-excited vibration subsoiling and drag reduction device, which changes forced subsoiling into drag reduction vibration subsoiling, changes single subsoiling into subsoiling plus soil crushing and compaction, and the subsoiling shovel entry angle can be adjusted according to soil conditions, and has the characteristics of energy saving and consumption reduction, soil crushing and moisture preservation, simple structure, convenient installation, flexible movement, simple and efficient transmission, etc.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: an electric-driven self-excited vibration subsoiling and drag reduction device includes a subsoiling component, a soil crushing and compaction component, a frame, and a self-excited vibration component. The frame is fixedly installed on the traction beam, the self-excited vibration component is installed above the frame, the subsoiling component is installed below the frame, and the soil crushing and compaction component is installed in the middle of the subsoiling component below the frame.

[0005] The frame includes a fixed clamping plate, a shock-absorbing rubber pad, a clamping plate assembly, a fixed frame welded joint, a main beam, a vibrating motor support, a main beam support, a compression spring support plate, and a spring assembly fixing plate. A shock-absorbing rubber pad is provided inside the fixed clamping plate. The clamping plate assembly is screwed to the fixed clamping plate. The clamping plate assembly is hinged to the front end above the main beam. The fixed frame welded joint is screwed above the clamping plate assembly. The compression spring support plate is welded to the rear end above the main beam. The spring assembly fixing plate is welded below the middle of the main beam. The main beam support is fixedly connected to the rear end below the main beam. The vibrating motor support is screwed inside the main beam support.

[0006] The subsoiling component includes a subsoiling hook welded joint, a shovel tip welded joint, a fixing nut, a spring, and a soil-breaking shovel. The subsoiling hook welded joint includes a subsoiling hook, a hanging plate, a soil-breaking knife, a spring lower baffle, and a spring hanging shaft. The subsoiling hook is processed from boron steel with a thickness of 30 mm. The hanging plate is welded behind the middle of the subsoiling hook. The soil-breaking knife and the spring lower baffle and the spring hanging shaft are welded in front of the middle of the subsoiling hook. An installation hole is provided above the subsoiling hook. A soil-breaking shovel installation hole and a shovel tip welded joint installation hole are provided below the subsoiling hook. The shovel tip welded joint includes a shovel tip, a connecting plate, a spring upper baffle, and a reinforcing plate. The shovel tip is processed from 65Mn steel. A long installation hole is provided on the connecting plate. The connecting plates are symmetrically welded to the left and right sides of the shovel tip. The two connecting plates on each side form an angle of 20°. The spring upper baffle is vertically welded on both sides of the spring hanging shaft installation hole on the lower surface of the shovel tip. The reinforcing plates are symmetrically welded to the left and right sides of the shovel tip and are welded to the connecting plate. The soil-breaking shovel is processed from 65Mn steel. The included angle of the soil-breaking shovel is 65°. An installation hole is provided on the soil-breaking shovel. A spring is assembled on the spring hanging shaft. The shovel tip welded joint is screwed above the subsoiling hook welded joint through a hole, the spring hanging shaft welded above the lower end of the subsoiling hook, and the spring with a fixing nut. The connecting plate of the shovel tip welded joint is screwed to the subsoiling hook welded joint through a round head bolt. The entry angle of the shovel tip is adjustable. The soil-breaking shovel is screwed to both sides of the subsoiling hook welded joint through a round head bolt.

[0007] The self-excited vibration component includes a compression spring, a vibrating motor, and a compression spring rotating shaft. The two compression springs are respectively hinged between the fixed frame welded joint and the compression spring support plate through the compression spring rotating shaft. The pre-tightening force of the compression spring is adjustable. The vibrating motor is screwed above the vibrating motor support. The power supply of the tractor is raised from DC 24V to AC 220V through an inverter and acts on the vibrating motor.

[0008] The soil compaction and crushing component includes a compaction spring assembly, a soil compaction and crushing roller frame, a soil compaction and crushing roller, cutting soil knives, a soil compaction and crushing roller reinforcement plate, a soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plate, and a soil compaction and crushing roller shaft. On the left side of the soil compaction and crushing roller frame, there are respectively a compaction spring assembly rotating shaft mounting hole and a soil compaction and crushing roller frame mounting hole. On the right side of the soil compaction and crushing roller frame, there is a soil compaction and crushing roller shaft mounting hole; the compaction spring assembly includes a short compression spring, a spring mounting shaft, and a long compression spring. The long compression spring is installed above the spring mounting shaft, and the short compression spring is installed below the spring mounting shaft. The upper part of the spring mounting shaft is hinged to the spring assembly fixing plate below the main beam, and the lower part of the spring mounting shaft is hinged to the left end of the soil compaction and crushing roller frame through a rotating shaft; the soil compaction and crushing roller includes cutting soil knives, a soil compaction and crushing roller reinforcement plate, a soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plate, and a soil compaction and crushing roller shaft. 12 carbide cutting soil knives are evenly distributed and fixedly connected to the soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plate along the circumference. 7 soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plates are evenly distributed and spirally welded to the soil compaction and crushing roller shaft. The distance between the soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plates is 44 mm. The central angle between two adjacent cutting soil knives and the soil compaction and crushing roller shaft is 30°. The phase angle between the soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plates is 18°; the soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plate is fixedly connected to the soil compaction and crushing roller shaft through a soil compaction and crushing roller reinforcement plate. The soil compaction and crushing roller shaft is screwed to the inside of the right end of the soil compaction and crushing roller frame through an aligning bearing seat, and the soil compaction and crushing roller frame is hinged to the hanging plate.

[0009] The beneficial effects of an electric drive self-excited vibration subsoiling and drag reduction device of the present invention are as follows: it can greatly reduce the power consumption of subsoiling operations, better adapt to subsoiling operations, at the same time, compact and level the soil after subsoiling to a certain extent, and further cut and crush the soil, making the soil after operation more loose, water-retaining and moisture-preserving, and avoiding environmental hazards such as dust. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the frame.

[0012] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixed frame welding.

[0013] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the subsoiling component.

[0014] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the subsoiling hook welding.

[0015] Figure 6 It is the front view and top view of the shovel tip welding.

[0016] Figure 7 It is the front view and top view of the soil compaction and crushing component.

[0017] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spring assembly.

[0018] The serial numbers in the figure are as follows: 1. deep loosening parts, 2. soil crushing parts, 3. frame, 4. self-excited vibration parts, 101. deep loosening hook welding, 102. shovel tip welding, 103. fixing nut, 104. spring, 105. soil crushing shovel, 106. deep loosening hook, 107. hanging plate, 108. soil breaking knife, 109. spring lower baffle, 1010 spring hanging shaft, 1011. shovel tip, 1012. connecting plate, 1013. spring upper baffle, 1014 reinforcement plate, 201. suppression spring assembly, 202. soil crushing roller frame, 203. suppression Soil crushing roller, 204. Soil cutting knife, 205. Soil suppression roller reinforcement plate, 206. Soil suppression roller spoke plate, 207. Soil suppression roller shaft, 208. Short compression spring, 209. Spring mounting shaft, 2010. Long compression spring, 301. Fixed splint, 302. Shock-absorbing rubber pad, 303. Splint assembly, 304. Fixed frame welding, 305. Main beam, 306. Vibration motor support, 307. Main beam support, 308. Compression spring support plate, 309. Spring assembly fixing plate, 401. Compression spring, 402. Vibration motor, 403 Compression spring rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] As shown in the figure, the present invention is an electrically driven self-excited vibration deep loosening and drag reduction device, comprising a deep loosening component 1, a soil suppression and crushing component 2, a frame 3, and a self-excited vibration component 4. The frame 3 is fixed to the traction beam, the self-excited vibration component 4 is installed above the frame 3, the deep loosening component 1 is installed below the frame 3, and the soil suppression and crushing component 2 is installed in the middle of the deep loosening component 1 below the frame 3.

[0020] The frame 3 includes a fixed splint 301, a shock-absorbing rubber pad 302, a splint assembly 303, a fixed frame weld 304, a main beam 305, a vibration motor support 306, a main beam support 307, a compression spring support plate 308, and a spring combination fixed plate 309. A shock-absorbing rubber pad 302 is provided on the inner side of the fixed splint 301, the splint assembly 303 is screwed on the fixed splint 301, the splint assembly 303 is hinged at the front end above the main beam 305, the fixed frame weld 304 is screwed on the top of the splint assembly 303, the compression spring support plate 308 is welded at the rear end above the main beam 305, the spring combination fixed plate 309 is welded at the middle and lower part of the main beam 305, the main beam support 307 is fixedly connected to the rear end below the main beam 305, and the vibration motor support 306 is screwed on the inner side of the main beam support 307.

[0021] The subsoiling component 1 includes a subsoiling hook welding assembly 101, a shovel tip welding assembly 102, a fixing nut 103, a spring 104, and a soil-breaking shovel 105. The subsoiling hook welding assembly 101 includes a subsoiling hook 106, a hanging plate 107, a soil-breaking knife 108, a spring lower baffle 109, and a spring hanging shaft 1010. The subsoiling hook 106 is processed from boron steel with a thickness of 30 mm. The hanging plate 107 is welded to the rear-middle part of the subsoiling hook 106. The soil-breaking knife 108 is welded to the front-middle part of the subsoiling hook 106. The spring lower baffle 109 and the spring hanging shaft 1010 are welded above the lower end of the subsoiling hook 106. An installation hole is provided above the subsoiling hook 106. Installation holes for the soil-breaking shovel 105 and the shovel tip welding assembly 102 are provided below the subsoiling hook 106. The shovel tip welding assembly 102 includes a shovel tip 1011, a connecting plate 1012, a spring upper baffle 1013, and a reinforcing plate 1014. The shovel tip 1011 is processed from 65Mn steel. The connecting plate 1012 is provided with a long installation hole. The connecting plates 1012 are symmetrically welded to the left and right sides of the shovel tip 1011. The two connecting plates 1012 on each side form an angle of 20°. The spring upper baffle 1013 is vertically welded on both sides of the installation hole of the spring hanging shaft 1010 on the lower surface of the shovel tip 1011. The reinforcing plates 1014 are symmetrically welded to the left and right sides of the shovel tip 1011 and are welded to the connecting plate 1012. The soil-breaking shovel 105 is processed from 65Mn steel. The included angle of the soil-breaking shovel 105 is 65°. Installation holes are provided on the soil-breaking shovel 105. The spring 104 is assembled on the spring hanging shaft 1010. The shovel tip welding assembly 102 is screwed to the upper part of the subsoiling hook welding assembly 101 through holes, the spring hanging shaft 1010 welded above the lower end of the subsoiling hook 106, and the spring 104 with the fixing nut 103. The connecting plate 1012 of the shovel tip welding assembly 102 is screwed to the subsoiling hook welding assembly 101 through a round head bolt. The entry angle of the shovel tip 1011 is adjustable. The soil-breaking shovel 105 is screwed to both sides of the subsoiling hook welding assembly 101 through round head bolts.

[0022] The self-excited vibration component 4 includes a compression spring 401, a vibration motor 402, and a compression spring rotating shaft 403. The two compression springs 401 are respectively hinged between the fixed frame welding assembly 304 and the compression spring support plate 308 through the compression spring rotating shaft 403. The pre-tightening force of the compression spring 401 is adjustable. The vibration motor 402 is screwed above the vibration motor support 306. The power supply of the tractor is raised from DC 24V to AC 220V through an inverter and acts on the vibration motor 402.

[0023] The soil compaction and crushing component 2 includes a soil compaction spring assembly 201, a soil compaction and crushing roller frame 202, a soil compaction and crushing roller 203, cutting and crushing knives 204, a soil compaction and crushing roller reinforcement plate 205, a soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plate 206, and a soil compaction and crushing roller shaft 207. On the left side of the soil compaction and crushing roller frame 202, there are respectively a rotating shaft mounting hole for the soil compaction spring assembly 201 and a mounting hole for the soil compaction and crushing roller frame 202. On the right side of the soil compaction and crushing roller frame 202, there is a mounting hole for the soil compaction and crushing roller shaft 206. The soil compaction spring assembly 201 includes a short compression spring 208, a spring mounting shaft 209, and a long compression spring 2010. The long compression spring 2010 is installed above the spring mounting shaft 209, and the short compression spring 208 is installed below the spring mounting shaft 209. The upper part of the spring mounting shaft 209 is hinged to the spring combination fixing plate 309 below the main beam 305, and the lower part of the spring mounting shaft 209 is hinged to the left end of the soil compaction and crushing roller frame 202 through a rotating shaft. The soil compaction and crushing roller 203 includes cutting and crushing knives 204, a soil compaction and crushing roller reinforcement plate 205, a soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plate 206, and a soil compaction and crushing roller shaft 207. Twelve hard alloy cutting and crushing knives 204 are evenly distributed and fixedly connected to the soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plate 206 along the circumference. Seven soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plates 206 are evenly distributed and spirally welded to the soil compaction and crushing roller shaft 207. The spacing between the soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plates 206 is 44 mm. The central angle between two adjacent cutting and crushing knives 204 and the soil compaction and crushing roller shaft 207 is 30°. The phase angle between the soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plates 206 is 18°. The soil compaction and crushing roller spoke plate 206 is fixedly connected to the soil compaction and crushing roller shaft 207 through the soil compaction and crushing roller reinforcement plate 205. The soil compaction and crushing roller shaft 207 is screwed inside the right end of the soil compaction and crushing roller frame 202 through an aligning bearing seat. The soil compaction and crushing roller frame 202 is hinged to the hanging plate 107.

[0024] During operation, the power supply of the tractor is inverted from direct current 24V to alternating current 220V by an inverter and then acts on the vibration motor 402. The vibration motor 402 can amplify the vibration displacement, making it easier for the soil-breaking shovel 105 to enter the soil. Moreover, the amplitude increases with the increase of the tillage depth, and the increase in amplitude is beneficial for further soil crushing and reducing the working resistance. When the soil-breaking shovel 105 vibrates in the soil, continuous impact force and shear force will be generated, which can break the solidified soil. Due to the complex and changeable soil conditions, the soil resistance acting on the soil-breaking shovel 105 is a non-linear force that changes at all times. When the soil resistance becomes smaller, the reaction force of the compression spring 401 acts on the subsoiling shovel 105. The subsoiling shovel 105 can adjust the entry angle according to the soil conditions. By repeating continuously, non-linear self-excited vibration is generated to break the soil, improving the subsoiling and soil-crushing effect and reducing the subsoiling resistance.

Claims

1. An electrically driven self-excited vibration deep loosening and drag reduction device, comprising a deep loosening component (1), a soil crushing component (2), a frame (3), and a self-excited vibration component (4), wherein the frame (3) is fixed to a traction beam, the self-excited vibration component (4) is mounted above the frame (3), the deep loosening component (1) is mounted below the frame (3), and the soil crushing component (2) is mounted in the middle of the deep loosening component (1) below the frame (3), characterized in that: The deep loosening hook weld (101) comprises a deep loosening hook (106), a hanging plate (107), a soil breaking knife (108), a spring lower baffle (109), and a spring hanging shaft (1010). The deep loosening hook (106) is welded with a soil crushing component (2) at the rear, a soil breaking knife (108) is welded at the front, and a spring lower baffle (109) and a spring hanging shaft (1010) are welded above the lower end of the deep loosening hook (106). A mounting hole is provided above the deep loosening hook (106), and a soil crushing shovel (105) mounting hole and a shovel tip weld (102) mounting hole are provided below the deep loosening hook (106); The shovel tip weld (102) comprises a shovel tip (1011), a connecting plate (1012), a spring upper baffle (1013), and a reinforcing plate (1014); a long mounting hole is provided on the connecting plate (1012); the connecting plates (1012) are symmetrically welded to the left and right sides of the shovel tip (1011); the two connecting plates (1012) on each side are at an angle of 20°; the spring upper baffle (1013) is vertically welded to both sides of the mounting hole of the spring hanging shaft (1010) on the lower surface of the shovel tip (1011); and the reinforcing plate (1014) is symmetrically welded to the left and right sides of the shovel tip (1011) and welded to the connecting plate (1012).

2. The electrically driven self-excited vibration deep loosening and drag reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring hanging shaft (1010) is assembled on the spring hanging shaft (104), the shovel tip weld (102) passes through a hole, the spring hanging shaft (1010) is welded above the lower end of the deep loosening hook (106), the spring (104) is screwed to the top of the deep loosening hook weld (101) with a fixing nut (103), the connecting plate (1012) of the shovel tip weld (102) and the deep loosening hook weld (101) are screwed to each other through a semicircular head bolt, the shovel tip (1011) is adjustable in its soil entry angle, and the soil breaking shovel (105) is screwed to both sides of the deep loosening hook weld (101) through semicircular head bolts.

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