Spiral baffle plate shell-and-tube reactor for eliminating backmixing dead zone

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spiral baffle plate shell-and-tube reactor for eliminating a back-mixing dead zone. The spiral baffle plate shell-and-tube reactor comprises a reactor barrel, spiral baffle plates and spiral plugging pieces, the spiral baffle plate is coaxially arranged in the reactor cylinder body, the outer edge of the plate body and the inner wall of the reactor cylinder body are arranged in a sealing manner, and a spiral baffling path is formed in the reactor cylinder body. The spiral blocking pieces are arranged at the two ends of the reactor barrel and used for blocking the two ends of the reactor barrel, the blocking faces of the spiral blocking pieces at the two ends are spiral, and the two ends of the spiral baffle plate are smoothly connected with the spiral faces of the spiral blocking pieces to form a spiral flow channel in spiral butt joint with the spiral baffle plate. The fluid is guided to smoothly flow into or out of the reactor barrel along the rotating path; meanwhile, based on the cooperation of the plugging surface and the spiral surface, the fluid is limited to overflow to the area outside the spiral flow guide path, and the problem that the fluid enters a reaction dead zone on the back side of the spiral baffle plate to be subjected to backmixing and retention, and then the heat exchange efficiency of the reactor and the fluid stability are affected is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of thermal chemical reactions, and particularly relates to a shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles for eliminating backmixing dead zones. Background Art

[0002] The main limiting factor in thermal chemical reactions is the heat exchange efficiency between the energy and reagent systems. The higher the exchange efficiency between the heat transfer fluid and the reagent system, the better the reaction effect. A thermal chemical reactor is a core device in the chemical industry. During the thermal chemical reaction process, engineering problems such as strong heat release, heat removal, backmixing, and leakage are key points that need to be considered and solved in the design and optimization of thermal chemical reactors. Currently, it is very common to use a shell-and-tube reactor as a thermal chemical reactor. Generally, segmental baffles or spiral baffles are used in the shell side of the common shell-and-tube reactor. A right-angle area is formed between the segmental baffle and the inner wall of the reactor cylinder. The fluid changes its path in this right-angle area, which easily forms backmixing eddies, and there are also fluid backmixing problems in the middle and both ends of the shell side. Backmixing and leakage will affect the concentration distribution and residence time of the fluid in the shell side, and thus affect the reaction effect. Moreover, there is also a reaction dead zone between the back of the end of the spiral baffle and the end plane of the reactor cylinder. The fluid enters this reaction dead zone to form eddy backmixing, resulting in the retention of the fluid in the reactor cylinder and being unable to take out the heat from the reactor cylinder in time, which affects the heat exchange efficiency of the fluid in the thermal chemical reactor, as Figure 1 shown; and the fluid stays in the reactor cylinder for a long time, which can cause fouling on the inner wall of the reactor cylinder, further reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the thermal chemical reactor. In addition, in some thermal chemical reaction experiments, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature of the fluid is stable within a set temperature range. By calculating the flow rate of the fluid, the heat transfer ratio, and the heat exchange duration of the fluid in the reactor cylinder, the temperature of the fluid flowing out is controlled to be stable within the set temperature range; however, when the fluid stays in the reaction dead zone, its heat exchange duration increases and exceeds the set duration, which easily causes the temperature of some fluid flowing out of the reactor cylinder to exceed the set temperature range, being unfavorable for subsequent reactions.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles that has high heat exchange efficiency, stable heat exchange effect, and balanced fluid temperature, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles has reaction dead zones, resulting in fluid backmixing and retention, and affecting the heat exchange efficiency and fluid stability of the shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, and provide a shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles for eliminating backmixing dead zones, which has high heat exchange efficiency, stable heat exchange effect, and balanced fluid temperature; and can solve the technical problems that the existing shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles has reaction dead zones, resulting in fluid backmixing and retention, and affecting the heat exchange efficiency and fluid stability of the shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution of the utility model provides a spiral baffle shell and tube reactor that eliminates the back-mixing dead zone, which includes:

[0006] Reactor cylinder;

[0007] A spiral baffle, wherein the spiral baffle is coaxially arranged in the reactor cylinder;

[0008] A spiral plugging piece is arranged at both ends of the reactor cylinder, and a sealing surface is provided on the side facing the fluid, and the sealing surface portion is spiral-shaped. Both ends of the spiral baffle are smoothly connected to the spiral surface of the spiral plugging piece, and the sealing surface is staggered with the inlet and outlet of the reactor cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, a helical surface is formed on the sealing surface, and a radial sealing surface is formed at the starting point or the end point of the helical surface toward the back side thereof.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the radial sealing surface is connected to the starting point of the helical surface, and the other end is connected to the end point of the helical surface.

[0011] Preferably, the sealing surface forms a circumferential sealing surface on the axial outer peripheral surface of the spiral surface, and the circumferential sealing surface is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the reactor cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the maximum diameter of the circumferential sealing surface is greater than or equal to the maximum diameter of the spiral surface.

[0013] Preferably, the helical angle of the helical surface is 270°-360°.

[0014] Preferably, the helical line of the helical surface tends to be a straight line.

[0015] Preferably, the projection of the helical surface along its axial direction is solid.

[0016] Preferably, the feed end of the reactor cylinder is provided with a first spiral sealing piece, and the discharge end is provided with a second spiral sealing piece, the end point of the first spiral sealing piece forms a first radial sealing surface on its back side, and the starting point of the second spiral sealing piece forms a second radial sealing surface on its back side.

[0017] Preferably, the starting point of the first spiral plugging member is arranged relative to the feed inlet of the reactor cylinder; and the end point of the second spiral plugging member is arranged relative to the discharge outlet of the reactor cylinder.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model include:

[0019] In the shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles for eliminating backmixing dead zones according to the present utility model, a sealing surface and a spiral surface are formed on the spiral sealing member. Among them, the sealing surface seals the end of the shell-and-tube reactor, and the spiral surface is smoothly connected to the end of the spiral baffle to form a spiral guiding path, guiding the fluid to flow smoothly along its rotation path; based on the cooperation of the sealing surface and the spiral surface, the fluid is restricted from overflowing to the area outside the spiral guiding path, preventing the fluid from entering the reaction dead zone on the back side of the spiral baffle and causing backmixing and retention, thereby affecting the heat exchange efficiency of the shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles and the stability of the fluid.

[0020] In the shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles for eliminating backmixing dead zones according to the present utility model, a radial sealing surface is formed on the back side of the starting point or the ending point of the stroke of the spiral surface of the spiral sealing member. When the fluid swirls upward, a radial sealing surface is formed on the back side of the ending point of the stroke of the spiral surface, restricting the fluid from flowing into the reaction dead zone on the back side of the spiral flow channel; when the fluid swirls downward, a radial sealing surface is formed on the back side of the starting point of the stroke of the spiral surface. When the fluid swirls along the spiral surface to the back side of the starting point of the spiral surface stroke, it is blocked by the radial sealing surface, restricting it from flowing into the reaction dead zone on the back side of the spiral flow channel.

[0021] In the shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles for eliminating backmixing dead zones according to the present utility model, a circumferential sealing surface is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the axial direction of the spiral surface of the spiral sealing member. The circumferential sealing surface is configured to seal the space outside the spiral surface, and its edge is connected to the edge of the spiral surface and the radial sealing surface. The circumferential sealing surface and the radial sealing surface cooperate to seal the flow dead zone on the back side of the spiral surface. At the same time, the circumferential sealing surface also serves as a supporting surface for the spiral surface, providing a supporting force for the spiral surface to resist the impact of the fluid.

[0022] In the shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles for eliminating backmixing dead zones according to the present utility model, the spiral line of the spiral baffle tends to be a straight line, that is, the spiral center hole of the spiral baffle tends to zero, and its projection along the axial direction is solid; the rotation curvature of the spiral sealing member is consistent with the rotation curvature of the spiral baffle. Correspondingly, the spiral line of the spiral surface of the spiral sealing member also tends to be a straight line, the spiral center hole of the spiral surface tends to zero, and the projection of the spiral surface along its axial direction is solid, thereby forming a sealed spiral flow channel in the reactor cylinder body to prevent the fluid from leaking through the spiral flow channel center hole. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles.

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles according to the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 3It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a spiral plugging member in the spiral baffle tube-shell reactor described in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 It is the front view of the spiral plugging member in the spiral baffle tube-shell reactor described in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 It is the top view of the spiral plugging member in the spiral baffle tube-shell reactor described in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0028] Figure 6 It is another front view of the spiral plugging member in the spiral baffle tube-shell reactor described in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 7 It is another top view of the spiral plugging member in the spiral baffle tube-shell reactor described in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a half-sectional structural schematic diagram of the discharge end of the spiral baffle tube-shell reactor described in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0031] Figure 9 It is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the discharge end of the spiral baffle tube-shell reactor described in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0032] The markings of each component in the drawings are as follows:

[0033] 1. Spiral plugging member; 2. Reactor cylinder; 3. Spiral baffle; 4. First spiral plugging member; 5. Second spiral plugging member; 11. Plugging surface; 111. Spiral surface; 114. Arc plane; 112. Radial plugging surface; 113. Circumferential plugging surface; 21. Feed inlet; 22. Discharge outlet; 41. First radial plugging surface; 51. Second radial plugging surface. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, in the existing shell-and-tube reactor, whether it is a segmental baffle or a spiral baffle 3, reaction dead zones are likely to be formed in the middle and / or ends of the reactor cylinder 2, resulting in fluid backmixing and retention, and affecting the heat exchange efficiency and fluid stability of the spiral baffle 3 shell-and-tube reactor.

[0036] Based on this, the present utility model provides a spiral baffle shell-and-tube reactor for eliminating backmixing dead zones, asFigure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the shell-and-tube reactor with spiral baffles 3 includes a reactor barrel 2, a spiral baffle 3 and a spiral plugging member 1. The spiral baffle 3 is coaxially arranged in the reactor barrel 2, and the outer edge of the plate body is sealed with the inner wall of the reactor barrel 2 to form a spiral baffle path in the reactor barrel 2. The spiral plugging member 1 is arranged at both ends of the reactor barrel 2 to seal the two ends of the reactor barrel 2. The spiral plugging members 1 at both ends are provided with a plugging surface 11 on the side facing the fluid, and the plugging surface 11 is partially spiral. The two ends of the spiral baffle 3 are smoothly connected to the spiral surface 111 of the spiral plugging member 1 to form a spiral flow channel that is spirally docked with the spiral baffle 3, guiding the fluid to flow smoothly into or out of the reactor barrel 2 along its rotating path, and limiting the fluid from overflowing to the area outside the guide path. The plugging surface 11 of the spiral plugging member 1 is staggered with the inlet and outlet ports 21 and 22 of the reactor barrel 2.

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a spiral surface 111 is formed on the sealing surface 11, and the spiral surface 111 forms a spiral guide path, wherein the sealing surface 11 is used to seal the outer side of the spiral surface 111, and the spiral surface 111 can guide the fluid to flow smoothly along its spiral guide path; based on the cooperation between the sealing surface 11 and the spiral surface 111, the fluid is restricted from overflowing to the area outside the spiral guide path.

[0038] It is worth noting that the spiral plugging piece 1 can be applied to a device having a spiral flow channel, and the spiral path formed by its spiral surface 111 is smoothly connected with the spiral flow channel. With respect to the flow dead zone formed at the end of the spiral flow channel, the plugging surface 11 of the spiral plugging piece 1 can seal the flow dead zone, eliminate the existence of the flow dead zone, and thus solve the problems such as back-mixing and retention caused by the flow dead zone, as well as other derivative problems caused by the fluid entering the flow dead zone. In some preferred embodiments, a spiral surface 111 is formed on the plugging surface 11, and a radial plugging surface 112 is formed on the back side of the starting point or end point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111, and one end of the radial plugging surface 112 is connected to the starting point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111, and the other end is connected to the end point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111. When the fluid swirls from bottom to top, the end point of the spiral surface 111 forms a radial blocking surface 112 on its back side, limiting the fluid from flowing into the reaction dead zone on the back side of the spiral flow channel; when the fluid swirls from top to bottom, the starting point of the spiral surface 111 forms a radial blocking surface 112 on its back side. When the fluid swirls along the spiral surface 111 to the back side of the starting point of the spiral surface 111, it is blocked by the radial blocking surface 112, limiting its flow into the reaction dead zone on the back side of the spiral flow channel. Figure 4 As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the end surface of the spiral plugging member 1 facing the fluid is a spiral surface 111, and the end surface facing away from the fluid is a plane.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, the feed end of the reactor cylinder 2 is provided with a first spiral plugging member 4, and the discharge end is provided with a second spiral plugging member 5. The end point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111 of the first spiral plugging member 4 forms a first radial plugging surface 41 toward the back side thereof, and the starting point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111 of the second spiral plugging member 5 forms a second radial plugging surface 51 toward the back side thereof. The first radial plugging surface 41 is staggered with the feed port 21 of the reactor cylinder 2, and the second radial plugging surface 51 is staggered with the discharge port 22 of the reactor cylinder 2. When the fluid swirls from the feed end into the reactor cylinder 2, the first radial plugging surface 41 restricts the fluid from flowing into the reaction dead zone on the back side of the spiral flow channel at the feed end; when the fluid swirls from the reactor cylinder 2 to the discharge end, the second radial plugging surface 51 restricts the fluid from flowing into the reaction dead zone on the back side of the spiral flow channel at the discharge end.

[0040] In order to prevent the fluid from overflowing from the outer edge of the spiral surface 111, in some more preferred embodiments, the axial outer peripheral surface of the spiral surface 111 is provided with a circumferential sealing surface 113, and the circumferential sealing surface 113 is configured to seal between the spiral surface 111 and the inner wall of the reactor cylinder 2 in the axial direction, that is, to seal the outer peripheral surface of the spiral sealing member 1. The edge of the circumferential sealing surface 113 connects the edges of the spiral surface 111 and the radial sealing surface 112, and the circumferential sealing surface 113 and the radial sealing surface 112 are combined to seal the flow dead zone on the back side of the spiral surface 111; the maximum diameter of the circumferential sealing surface 113 is greater than or equal to the maximum diameter of the spiral surface 111. Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the circumferential sealing surface 113 is a vertical curved surface arranged on the side of the spiral surface 111, and its diameter is consistent with the diameter of the reactor cylinder 2, and forms an annular surface contact sealing abutment with the inner wall of the reactor cylinder 2. Specifically, the diameter and setting angle of the circumferential sealing surface 113 can be adapted accordingly according to the applicable environment of the spiral sealing piece 1 to meet the needs of sealing the outer peripheral surface of the spiral surface 111. The circumferential sealing surface 113 can not only seal the outer peripheral surface of the spiral surface 111, but also serve as a supporting surface for the spiral surface 111, providing support force for the spiral surface 111 to resist fluid impact. Furthermore, the diameter and setting angle of the circumferential sealing surface 113 can be adapted accordingly according to the applicable environment of the spiral sealing piece 1 to meet the needs of sealing the outer peripheral surface of the spiral surface 111.

[0041] At the same time, in order to facilitate the fluid to flow into or out of the reactor barrel 2 more smoothly, as shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown, in some preferred embodiments, the starting point of the stroke of the first spiral plugging member 4 is arranged relative to the feed inlet 21 of the reactor cylinder 2; the ending point of the stroke of the second spiral plugging member 5 is arranged relative to the discharge outlet 22 of the reactor cylinder 2; in some more preferred embodiments, the feed inlet 21 of the reactor cylinder 2 is arranged relative to the starting point of the stroke of the first spiral plugging member 4 along the tangent direction of the first spiral plugging member 4, and the discharge outlet 22 of the reactor cylinder 2 is arranged relative to the ending point of the stroke of the second spiral plugging member 5 along the tangent direction of the second spiral plugging member 5.

[0042] The spiral angle of the spiral surface 111 of the spiral plugging member 1 can be adjusted adaptively according to the reactor structure or reaction requirements. Based on the positions of the feed and discharge outlets 21 and 22 of the reactor cylinder 2, the spiral angle of the spiral surface 111 of the spiral plugging member 1 is preferably 270°-360°. As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, in some preferred embodiments, the spiral angle of the spiral surface 111 is 360°. At this time, the starting point and the ending point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111 are overlapped in the longitudinal projection plane, and the radial plugging surface 112 is a vertical plane with one end connected to the starting point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111 and the other end connected to the ending point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111. When the spiral angle of the spiral surface 111 of the spiral plugging member 1 is 360°, its circumferential plugging surface 113 will partially plug the feed and discharge outlets 21 and 22, reducing the diameters of the feed and discharge outlets 21 and 22; therefore, in order to avoid the influence of the circumferential plugging surface 113 on the feed and discharge outlets 21 and 22, the spiral angle of the spiral surface 111 of the spiral plugging member 1 is adjusted. Taking the second spiral plugging member 5 as an example, as Figures 6 to 9 shown, taking the side of the discharge outlet 22 as the starting point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111 of the second spiral plugging member 5 and circumferentially rotating to the other side of the discharge outlet 22 as the ending point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111 of the second spiral plugging member 5, the starting point and the ending point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111 are staggered in the longitudinal projection plane, and the ending point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111 of the second spiral plugging member 5 extends to one side of the discharge outlet 22 and horizontally extends to the radial plugging surface 112 at the lowest point, thus avoiding the influence of the circumferential plugging surface 113 of the spiral plugging member 1 on the feed and discharge outlets 21 and 22. Specifically, the lowest point of the ending point of the stroke of the spiral surface 111 of the second spiral plugging member 5 is connected to the second radial plugging surface 51 through an arc-shaped plane 114, and the arc-shaped plane 114 is coaxially arranged with the spiral surface 111 and has the same diameter.

[0043] It should be further noted that, in order to ensure the formation of a sealed spiral flow channel in the reactor cylinder 2, in a more preferred embodiment, the spiral line of the spiral baffle 3 tends to be a straight line, that is, the spiral central hole of the spiral baffle 3 tends to zero, and its projection along the axial direction is solid; the rotation curvature of the spiral plugging member 1 is consistent with the rotation curvature of the spiral baffle 3. Correspondingly, the spiral line of the spiral surface 111 of the spiral plugging member 1 also tends to be a straight line, the spiral central hole of the spiral surface 111 tends to zero, and the projection of the spiral surface 111 along its axial direction is solid, so as to form a sealed spiral flow channel in the reactor cylinder 2 and avoid fluid leakage from the central hole of the spiral flow channel.

[0044] The spiral plugging member 1 can be either a hollow structure or a solid structure.

[0045] In summary, the spiral baffle tube-shell reactor for eliminating backmixing dead zones provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a plugging surface 11 and a spiral surface 111 formed on the spiral plugging member 1. Among them, the plugging surface 11 plugs the end of the tube-shell reactor, and the spiral surface 111 is smoothly connected with the end of the spiral baffle 3 to form a spiral flow guiding path, guiding the fluid to flow smoothly along its rotation path. Through the cooperation of the plugging surface 11 and the spiral surface 111, it is possible to limit the fluid from overflowing to the area outside the spiral flow guiding path and avoid the problem that the fluid enters the reaction dead zone on the back side of the spiral baffle 3 for backmixing and retention, which affects the heat exchange efficiency of the spiral baffle tube-shell reactor and the stability of the fluid.

[0046] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it does not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments by using the disclosed technical content within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any brief modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spiral baffle shell and tube reactor for eliminating back-mixing dead zone, characterized in that: include: Reactor cylinder; A spiral baffle, wherein the spiral baffle is coaxially arranged in the reactor cylinder; A spiral plugging piece is arranged at both ends of the reactor cylinder, and a sealing surface is provided on the side facing the fluid, and the sealing surface portion is spiral-shaped. Both ends of the spiral baffle are smoothly connected to the spiral surface of the spiral plugging piece, and the sealing surface is staggered with the inlet and outlet of the reactor cylinder.

2. The spiral baffle shell and tube reactor for eliminating back-mixing dead zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A helical surface is formed on the sealing surface, and a radial sealing surface is formed at a starting point or an end point of the helical surface toward the back side thereof.

3. The spiral baffle shell and tube reactor for eliminating back-mixing dead zone according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the radial sealing surface is connected to the starting point of the spiral surface, and the other end is connected to the end point of the spiral surface.

4. The spiral baffle shell and tube reactor for eliminating back-mixing dead zone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing surface forms a circumferential sealing surface on the axial outer peripheral surface of the spiral surface, and the circumferential sealing surface is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the reactor cylinder.

5. The spiral baffle shell and tube reactor for eliminating back-mixing dead zone according to claim 4, characterized in that: The maximum diameter of the circumferential sealing surface is greater than or equal to the maximum diameter of the spiral surface.

6. The spiral baffle shell and tube reactor for eliminating back-mixing dead zone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The helical angle of the helical surface is 270°-360°.

7. The spiral baffle shell and tube reactor for eliminating back-mixing dead zone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The helical line of the helicoid tends to be a straight line.

8. The spiral baffle shell and tube reactor for eliminating back-mixing dead zone according to claim 2, characterized in that: The projection of the helical surface along its axial direction is solid.

9. The spiral baffle shell and tube reactor with eliminated back-mixing dead zone according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The reactor cylinder has a first spiral plugging piece at the feed end and a second spiral plugging piece at the discharge end. The first spiral plugging piece has a first radial plugging surface formed at its end point and a second radial plugging surface formed at its start point.

10. The spiral baffle shell and tube reactor for eliminating back-mixing dead zone according to claim 9, characterized in that: The starting point of the first spiral plugging piece is arranged relative to the feed inlet of the reactor cylinder; the end point of the second spiral plugging piece is arranged relative to the discharge outlet of the reactor cylinder.

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