Automatic press-fitting equipment for bearing bushes

Abstract

The utility model relates to automatic press-fitting equipment for a bearing bush, and belongs to the technical field of bearing bush assembly. The press-fitting machine comprises a rack, a conveying mechanism, a workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism, a pressing and positioning mechanism, a press-fitting mechanism and at least two bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanisms, the conveying mechanism is used for inputting and outputting workpieces, and the workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism is used for lifting the workpieces to a press-fitting position and lowering the pressed workpieces to the workpiece position; the pressing and positioning mechanism is used for pressing and positioning a workpiece to be machined, the bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanism is used for storing bearing bushes and driving the bearing bushes to ascend and descend, the press fitting mechanism is used for pressing the bearing bushes on the bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanism into bearing bush holes of the workpiece, and the press fitting mechanism comprises a pressing rod and a pressing rod driving mechanism. According to the press-fitting equipment, automatic assembly of the bearing bush can be achieved, the bearing bush press-fitting efficiency is high, meanwhile, the automatic bearing bush press-fitting position is accurate, the press-fitting quality consistency is better, and the problems that existing manual bearing bush assembly is low in efficiency, the labor intensity of workers is large, and the press-fitting quality is affected by human factors are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an automatic bushing pressing equipment, belonging to the technical field of bushing assembly. Background Art

[0002] Diesel engines are widely used and are in a relatively core position in the affiliated industrial chain. Diesel engines are mainly supporting heavy trucks, large buses, construction machinery, ships, generator sets, etc. Bushings, as necessary parts, are widely used in engines, and their installation accuracy requirements are relatively high. Most of the existing ones adopt the form of manual installation. Manual installation requires workers to knock the bushings into the bushing installation holes from the side. There are multiple bushings on an engine. Installing the bushings in the bushing holes by manual knocking not only has a high labor intensity for workers, low labor efficiency, and high labor costs, but also the manual installation will affect the installation accuracy of the bushings due to differences in technical levels, and even there will be cases of damaging the bushings, affecting the installation quality of the engine bushings, and it is difficult to meet the bushing installation requirements of a large number of engines.

[0003] With the development of China's manufacturing industry and the gradual decline of the demographic dividend, manufacturing enterprises are seeking automation transformation, and the automation industry has become a popular industry in recent years. There are more and more application scenarios for the automatic installation of bushings, and the demand is also becoming stronger and stronger. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an automatic bushing pressing equipment that can realize the automatic installation of bushings, improve the installation accuracy and installation efficiency of bushings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an automatic bushing pressing equipment.

[0005] The technical solution for the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows: An automatic bushing pressing equipment, including a frame, a conveying mechanism, a workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism, a pressing and positioning mechanism, a pressing mechanism and at least two bushing positioning and lifting mechanisms arranged on the frame. The conveying mechanism is used to convey the workpiece to be pressed to the workpiece position and output the pressed workpiece. The workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism is used to lift the workpiece on the workpiece position to the pressing position and lower the pressed workpiece to the workpiece position. The pressing and positioning mechanism is used to press and position the workpiece to be processed at the pressing position. The bushing positioning and lifting mechanism is used to store bushings and drive the lifting action of the bushings. The pressing mechanism is used to press the bushings on the bushing positioning and lifting mechanism into the corresponding bushing holes on the workpiece. The pressing mechanism includes a pressing rod and a pressing rod driving mechanism for driving the pressing rod to move back and forth. The bushing positioning and lifting mechanisms are arranged in a straight line from front to back along the axis of the pressing rod.

[0006] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: Through the conveying mechanism, the present utility model can convey workpieces such as engine cylinder heads to the workpiece position. Under the action of the workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism, the workpiece rises to the pressing position. The bearing shell is placed in the bearing shell positioning and lifting mechanism. First, the rear bearing shell is pressed. The pressing rod of the pressing mechanism extends and acts on the rear bearing shell positioning and lifting mechanism. Under the action of the rear bearing shell positioning and lifting mechanism, the inner bearing shell therein is driven to descend into the space between adjacent bearing shell holes on the workpiece and align with the bearing shell hole to be installed on the workpiece. The pressing rod of the pressing mechanism acts on the bearing shell to press the bearing shell into the bearing shell hole of the workpiece to complete the installation of the bearing shell on the workpiece, and the pressing of the first bearing shell is completed. Then, the pressing rod retracts to the front of the position of the next bearing shell to be pressed. The corresponding bearing shell positioning and lifting mechanism descends into the space in front of the position of the second bearing shell to be pressed. The pressing rod extends and acts on the pressing head to press the second bearing shell into the second bearing shell hole of the workpiece. The above process is repeated until all the bearing shells on the workpiece are installed. This pressing equipment can realize the automatic assembly of bearing shells, with high bearing shell pressing efficiency. At the same time, the automatic pressing position of the bearing shell is accurate, and the pressing quality consistency is better, solving the problems of low efficiency of manual bearing shell assembly, high labor intensity of workers, and the influence of human factors on the pressing quality.

[0007] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present utility model can be further improved as follows.

[0008] Further, the bearing shell positioning and lifting mechanism further includes a bearing shell storage rack and a guide rod cylinder for driving the up and down movement of the bearing shell storage rack. The guide rod cylinder is arranged on the frame. The bearing shell storage rack is provided with a bearing shell storage cavity for accommodating the bearing shell. The bearing shell storage cavity is further provided with a pressing head that can slide in the bearing shell storage rack. The pressing mechanism acts on the pressing head to press the bearing shell into the corresponding bearing shell hole on the workpiece. A return spring is further arranged between the pressing head and the bearing shell storage rack.

[0009] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the bearing shell is placed in the bearing shell storage cavity, and there is a pressing head on the front side of the bearing shell. When the guide rod cylinder acts, the bearing shell storage rack descends and can enter the space between the lifted workpiece bearing shells. Specifically, the bearing shell storage rack descends to the front side of the bearing shell hole on the corresponding workpiece. The pressing rod of the pressing mechanism extends and acts on the pressing head. The pressing head pushes the bearing shell backward under the action of the pressing rod, and the bearing shell is pushed into the bearing shell hole of the workpiece. Then, the pressing rod moves forward, and the pressing head is reset under the action of the return spring to wait for the placement of the next bearing shell.

[0010] Further, the bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanism further includes a mounting block, a fixed guiding block, a U-shaped rod and a guiding plate. The guiding plate is arranged on the frame, the bearing bush storage rack is arranged on the mounting block, the piston rod of the guide rod cylinder is connected with the fixed guiding block. The U-shaped rod includes a pair of transverse guiding rods and a longitudinal guiding rod. The longitudinal guiding rod acts on the outer side surface of the guiding plate. The lower part of the outer side surface of the guiding plate protrudes from its upper part. One end of the transverse guiding rod is connected with the longitudinal guiding rod, and the other end passes through the fixed guiding block and is connected with the mounting block. A compression spring is sleeved on the transverse guiding rod between the mounting block and the fixed guiding block.

[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that when the bearing bush storage rack descends, it can directly correspond to the gap between the lifted workpiece bearing bush holes, so the bearing bush storage rack can directly perform lifting and lowering actions. If the position of the workpiece bearing bush hole is on the left side of the bearing bush storage rack, then the bearing bush storage cavity needs to move to the left while descending, so that the bearing bush storage rack can smoothly enter the space between the workpiece bearing bush holes and align with the bearing bush holes of the workpiece. When the guide rod cylinder drives the fixed guiding block to move downward, the guiding plate will guide the longitudinal guiding rod to move to the left, thereby driving the transverse guiding rod to move along the fixed guiding block. The mounting block installed at the free end of the transverse guiding rod drives the bearing bush storage rack to move to the left to complete the positioning of the bearing bush. The bearing bush on the bearing bush storage rack can be aligned with the bearing bush holes on the workpiece. Then, the bearing bush can be pressed into the bearing bush holes of the workpiece by the action of the pressing rod of the pressing mechanism on the pressing head.

[0012] Further, the bearing bush storage rack is connected with the mounting block through a front-back floating mechanism. The front-back floating mechanism includes a floating rod arranged on the mounting block and a floating spring arranged on the floating rod. A floating block is arranged at the top of the bearing bush storage rack. The floating block is slidably arranged on the floating rod. The floating spring is located between the floating block and the mounting block.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that in order to improve the positioning accuracy of the bearing bush, a front-back floating mechanism is also provided to avoid hard collision between the bearing bush storage rack and the workpiece due to alignment problems when the bearing bush storage rack descends. The combined action of the floating block and the floating spring can adjust the front-back position of the bearing bush storage rack, so as to facilitate the bearing bush storage rack to smoothly enter the space between the adjacent bearing bush holes of the workpiece.

[0014] Further, the bearing bush storage rack is also provided with a positioning block and / or a positioning plate for positioning and cooperating with the positioning surface of the workpiece.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are as follows: the workpiece, i.e., the engine cylinder head, has an arc positioning surface and a horizontal positioning surface. The in-place positioning of the bearing shell can be achieved through the cooperation between the bottom arc surface of the positioning block and the arc positioning surface on the engine cylinder head, or through the contact and cooperation between the bottom surface of the positioning plate and the horizontal positioning surface. Of course, the in-place positioning of the bearing shell can also be achieved through the corresponding contact between the positioning block and the positioning plate and the arc positioning surface and the horizontal positioning surface on the engine cylinder head. After the bearing shell is accurately in place, the pressing can be carried out.

[0016] Further, the workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism includes a chassis, a lifting frame, and a lifting cylinder for driving the lifting frame to move up and down. The lifting frame is provided with positioning pins for positioning the workpiece, and the lifting frame is provided with support rods. The chassis is correspondingly provided with rod sleeves for the support rods to move up and down.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are as follows: the workpiece, the engine cylinder head, is transported to the workpiece position by the conveying mechanism. In order to avoid interference from other components during the transportation of the workpiece, the height of the conveying mechanism is lower than the pressing position, and the conveying mechanism is located below the pressing position. Therefore, it is necessary to use the workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism to lift the workpiece to the pressing position to complete the pressing of the bearing shell. To ensure the positioning accuracy of the workpiece, positioning pins are also provided on the lifting frame, which can be used for positioning with the positioning holes on the workpiece or the positioning holes on the tray carrying the workpiece. The lifting cylinder acts, and the driving end of the lifting cylinder acts on the workpiece or the tray carrying the workpiece to lift the workpiece to prepare for the pressing of the bearing shell.

[0018] Further, the workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism further includes at least two positioning rods, a changeover pad, and a moving cylinder for moving the changeover pad to the bottom of the positioning rods or away from the bottom of the positioning rods. The positioning rods are arranged on the lifting frame, the moving cylinder is arranged on the chassis, and the piston rod end of the lifting cylinder is provided with an upper top plate acting on the lifting frame.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are as follows: the height dimensions of engines of different models will vary. To ensure the accuracy of the pressing position, changeover pads are provided. The lifting cylinder jacks up the workpiece, and a gap for placing the changeover pads is formed between the positioning rods and the chassis. Then, under the action of the moving cylinder, the corresponding changeover pads are placed at the bottom of the positioning rods, so that the engine workpiece can accurately reach the pressing position. The setting of the changeover pads can be applied to the pressing of bearing shells of more different models of engines, making the application of this pressing equipment more extensive.

[0020] Further, the pressing and positioning mechanism includes a back pressure mechanism acting on the rear side of the workpiece and / or an upper pressing mechanism acting on the upper part of the workpiece. The back pressure mechanism includes a support plate and a pressing cylinder for driving the support plate to move back and forth. The pressing cylinder is arranged on the machine frame through a support frame. The upper pressing mechanism includes an upper pressing rod or an upper pressing plate and an upper pressing cylinder for driving the upper pressing rod or the upper pressing plate to move up and down.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that when the bearing bush is press-fitted, the pressing rod of the press-fitting mechanism presses the bearing bush into the workpiece from the front side. In order to ensure the stability of the workpiece during the press-fitting process, it is necessary to set up a pressing and positioning mechanism. The pressing and positioning mechanism can be only the back pressure mechanism, and the support plate of the back pressure mechanism acts on the rear side of the workpiece. It can also be only the upper pressing mechanism, and the upper pressing rod or the upper pressing plate of the upper pressing mechanism acts on the upper surface of the workpiece. Of course, it can also include both the back pressure mechanism and the upper pressing mechanism, further increasing the stability of the workpiece during the press-fitting process and ensuring the press-fitting accuracy and quality of the bearing bush.

[0022] Further, the back pressure mechanism further includes a locking assembly. The locking assembly includes a pair of locking plates and a locking cylinder for driving the locking plates to act. The piston rod of the pressing cylinder acts on the cylinder connecting plate. The cylinder connecting plate is connected to the support plate through a pair of support rods. The support frame is provided with through holes for the support rods to pass through. The support rods are provided with locking inclined openings adapted to the locking plates.

[0023] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that when the locking cylinder acts and the piston rod extends, it pushes the locking plates on both sides to move towards both sides. The locking plates are inserted into the locking chip openings of the support rods, thereby locking the support rods and the support plate, being able to lock the position of the support rods and ensuring that the support plate can always stably act on the workpiece during the press-fitting process of the workpiece.

[0024] Further, a workpiece in-place mechanism is further arranged on the machine frame. The workpiece in-place mechanism includes a blocking member and a blocking cylinder for driving the blocking member to move up and down.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the workpiece can be loaded through the conveying mechanism. When the workpiece reaches the workpiece position, the blocking member can lift under the action of the blocking cylinder. The lifted blocking member can act on the rear side of the workpiece to limit it and ensure that the workpiece reaches the workpiece position and waits for the bearing bush to be press-fitted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanism of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a front view structure schematic diagram of the bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanism of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a partial sectional structure schematic diagram of the front and rear floating mechanism of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a top view structure schematic diagram of the bearing bush storage rack of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 This is an axial sectional structure schematic diagram of the bearing bush storage rack of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the bearing bush storage rack of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a structure schematic diagram of the return spring of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a structure schematic diagram of the workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a structure schematic diagram of the workpiece positioning on the workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a structure schematic diagram of the back pressure mechanism of the present utility model;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a top view structure schematic diagram of the back pressure mechanism of the present utility model;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a structure schematic diagram of the present utility model with the top of the frame removed;

[0040] In the figure, 1 is the frame; 2 is the bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanism; 201 is the bearing bush storage rack; 202 is the guide plate; 203 is the fixed guide block; 204 is the compression spring; 205 is the transverse guide rod; 206 is the longitudinal guide rod; 207 is the guide rod cylinder; 208 is the floating rod; 209 is the floating spring; 210 is the floating block; 211 is the positioning block; 212 is the pressure head; 213 is the bearing bush storage cavity; 214 is the positioning plate; 215 is the return spring; 216 is the mounting block; 217 is the fixed frame; 3 is the workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism; 301 is the chassis; 302 is the lifting frame; 303 is the lifting cylinder; 304 is the positioning pin; 305 is the positioning rod; 306 is the conversion pad; 307 is the moving cylinder; 308 is the upper top plate; 309 is the support rod; 310 is the rod sleeve; 4 is the back pressure mechanism; 401 is the support plate; 402 is the pressing cylinder; 403 is the support frame; 404 is the support rod; 405 is the locking plate; 406 is the locking cylinder; 407 is the cylinder connecting plate; 5 is the conveying mechanism; 6 is the front pressing mechanism; 7 is the rear pressing mechanism; 8 is the press-fitting mechanism; 801 is the pressure rod; 802 is the servo press; 9 is the blocking cylinder; 10 is the bearing bush; 11 is the engine cylinder head; 111 is the arc positioning surface; 112 is the horizontal positioning surface; 113 is the bearing bush hole; 12 is the tray. Specific embodiments

[0041] The principles and features of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with examples. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0042] As Figures 1 - 14 shown, an automatic bearing bush press-fitting device includes a frame 1, a conveying mechanism 5 arranged on the frame 1, a workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism 3, a pressing and positioning mechanism, a press-fitting mechanism 8 and at least two bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanisms 2. The conveying mechanism 5 is used to convey the workpiece to be press-fitted to the workpiece position and output the press-fitted workpiece. The workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism 3 is used to lift the workpiece on the workpiece position to the press-fitting position and lower the press-fitted workpiece to the workpiece position. The pressing and positioning mechanism is used to press and position the workpiece to be processed at the press-fitting position. The bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanism 2 is used to store the bearing bush 10 and drive the bearing bush 10 to lift and lower. The press-fitting mechanism 8 is used to press the bearing bush on the bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanism 2 into the corresponding bearing bush hole 113 on the workpiece. The press-fitting mechanism 8 includes a pressure rod 801 and a pressure rod driving mechanism for driving the pressure rod 801 to move back and forth. The bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanisms 2 are arranged in a straight line from front to back along the axis of the pressure rod 801. The pressure rod driving mechanism can adopt a servo press 802.

[0043] The bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanism 2 further includes a bearing bush storage rack 201 and a guide rod cylinder 207 for driving the up and down movement of the bearing bush storage rack 201. The guide rod cylinder 207 is arranged on the frame 1. A bearing bush storage cavity 213 for accommodating the bearing bush is provided in the bearing bush storage rack 201. A pressure head 212 capable of sliding in the bearing bush storage rack 201 is further provided in the bearing bush storage cavity 213. The pressing mechanism 8 acts on the pressure head 212 to press the bearing bush into the corresponding bearing bush hole 113 in the workpiece. A return spring 215 is further provided between the pressure head 212 and the bearing bush storage rack 201. Place the bearing bush in the bearing bush storage cavity 213. There is a pressure head 212 on the front side of the bearing bush. When the guide rod cylinder 207 operates, the bearing bush storage rack 201 descends and can enter the space between the lifted workpiece bearing bushes. Specifically, the bearing bush storage rack 201 descends to the front side of the bearing bush hole 113 corresponding to the workpiece. The pressing rod 801 of the pressing mechanism 8 extends and acts on the pressure head 212. The pressure head 212 pushes the bearing bush backward under the action of the pressing rod 801 and pushes the bearing bush into the bearing bush hole 113 of the workpiece. After that, the pressing rod 801 moves forward, and the pressure head 212 is reset under the action of the return spring 215 to wait for the placement of the next bearing bush. The cylinder block of the guide rod cylinder 207 is arranged on the frame 1 through a fixing frame 217. A guiding mechanism is further provided between the pressure head 212 and the bearing bush storage rack 201. The guiding mechanism includes a pressure head 212 guide rod. The pressure head 212 guide rod is arranged on the pressure head 212. A long strip through hole for the forward and backward movement of the pressure head 212 guide rod is provided on the bearing bush storage rack 201.

[0044] The bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanism 2 further includes a mounting block 216, a fixed guide block 203, a U-shaped rod and a guide plate 202. The guide plate 202 is arranged on the frame 1. The bearing bush storage rack 201 is arranged on the mounting block 216. The piston rod of the guide rod cylinder 207 is connected to the fixed guide block 203. The U-shaped rod includes a pair of transverse guide rods 205 and a longitudinal guide rod 206. The longitudinal guide rod 206 acts on the outer side surface of the guide plate 202. The lower part of the outer side surface of the guide plate 202 protrudes from its upper part. One end of the transverse guide rod 205 is connected to the longitudinal guide rod 206, and the other end passes through the fixed guide block 203 and is connected to the mounting block 216. A compression spring 204 is sleeved on the transverse guide rod 205 between the mounting block 216 and the fixed guide block 203. When the bearing bush storage rack 201 descends, it can directly correspond to the gap between the lifted workpiece bearing bush holes 113, so the bearing bush storage rack 201 can directly move up and down. However, if the position of the workpiece bearing bush hole 113 is on the left side of the bearing bush storage rack 201, the bearing bush storage cavity 213 needs to move to the left while descending, so that the bearing bush storage rack 201 can smoothly enter the space between the workpiece bearing bush holes 113 and align with the bearing bush holes 113 of the workpiece. When the guide rod cylinder 207 drives the fixed guide block 203 to move downward, the guide plate 202 will guide the longitudinal guide rod 206 to move to the left, thereby driving the transverse guide rod 205 to move along the fixed guide block 203. The mounting block 216 installed at the free end of the transverse guide rod 205 drives the bearing bush storage rack 201 to move to the left to complete the positioning of the bearing bush. The bearing bush on the bearing bush storage rack 201 can be aligned with the bearing bush holes 113 on the workpiece. Then, the pressure rod 801 of the press-fitting mechanism 8 can act on the pressing head 212 to press the bearing bush into the bearing bush holes 113 of the workpiece.

[0045] The bearing bush storage rack 201 is connected to the mounting block 216 through a front-back floating mechanism. The front-back floating mechanism includes a floating rod 208 arranged on the mounting block 216 and a floating spring 209 arranged on the floating rod 208. A floating block 210 is arranged at the top of the bearing bush storage rack 201. The floating block 210 is slidably arranged on the floating rod 208. The floating spring 209 is located between the floating block 210 and the mounting block 216. In order to improve the positioning accuracy of the bearing bush, a front-back floating mechanism is also provided to avoid hard collisions between the bearing bush storage rack 201 and the workpiece due to alignment problems when the bearing bush storage rack 201 descends. The combined action of the floating block 210 and the floating spring 209 can adjust the front-back position of the bearing bush storage rack 201, so that the bearing bush storage rack 201 can smoothly enter the space between adjacent bearing bush holes 113 of the workpiece.

[0046] The bearing shell storage rack 201 is further provided with a positioning block 211 and / or a positioning plate 214 for positioning and mating with the positioning surface of the workpiece. The workpiece, i.e., the engine cylinder head 11, has an arc positioning surface 111 and a horizontal positioning surface 112. The in-place positioning of the bearing shell can be achieved by the mating of the bottom arc surface of the positioning block 211 with the arc positioning surface 111 on the engine cylinder head 11, or by the contact mating of the bottom surface of the positioning plate 214 with the horizontal positioning surface 112. Of course, the in-place positioning of the bearing shell can also be achieved by the corresponding contact of the positioning block 211 and the positioning plate 214 with the arc positioning surface 111 and the horizontal positioning surface 112 on the engine cylinder head 11. After the bearing shell is accurately in place, press-fitting can be carried out.

[0047] The workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism 3 includes a chassis 301, a lifting frame 302, and a lifting cylinder 303 for driving the lifting frame 302 to move up and down. The lifting frame 302 is provided with a positioning pin 304 for positioning the workpiece, and the lifting frame 302 is provided with a support rod 309. The chassis 301 is correspondingly provided with a rod sleeve 310 for the support rod 309 to move up and down. The workpiece engine cylinder head 11 is transported to the workpiece position by the conveying mechanism 5. In order to avoid interference from other components during the transportation of the workpiece, the height of the conveying mechanism 5 is lower than the press-fitting position, and the conveying mechanism 5 is located below the press-fitting position. Therefore, the workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism 3 is required to lift the workpiece to the press-fitting position to complete the press-fitting of the bearing shell. In order to ensure the positioning accuracy of the workpiece, a positioning pin 304 is also provided on the lifting frame 302, which can be positioned with the positioning hole on the workpiece or the positioning hole on the tray 12 carrying the workpiece. The lifting cylinder 303 acts, and the driving end of the lifting cylinder 303 acts on the workpiece or the tray 12 carrying the workpiece to lift the workpiece to prepare for the press-fitting of the bearing shell.

[0048] The workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism 3 further includes at least two positioning rods 305, a conversion pad 306, and a moving cylinder 307 for moving the conversion pad 306 to the bottom of the positioning rod 305 or away from the bottom of the positioning rod 305. The positioning rods 305 are arranged on the lifting frame 302, the moving cylinder 307 is arranged on the chassis 301, and the piston rod end of the lifting cylinder 303 is provided with an upper top plate 308 acting on the lifting frame 302. The height dimensions of different models of engines will vary. In order to ensure the accuracy of the press-fitting position, the conversion pad 306 is provided. The lifting cylinder 303 lifts the workpiece, and a gap for placing the conversion pad 306 is formed between the positioning rod 305 and the chassis 301. Then, under the action of the moving cylinder 307, the corresponding conversion pad 306 is placed at the bottom of the positioning rod 305, so that the engine workpiece can accurately reach the position of the press-fitting position. The setting of the conversion pad 306 can be applied to the press-fitting of bearing shells of more different models of engines, making the application of this press-fitting equipment more extensive.

[0049] The pressing and positioning mechanism includes a back pressure mechanism 4 acting on the rear side of the workpiece and / or an upper pressing mechanism acting on the upper part of the workpiece. The back pressure mechanism 4 includes a support plate 401 and a pressing cylinder 402 for driving the support plate 401 to move back and forth. The pressing cylinder 402 is arranged on the machine frame 1 through a support frame 403. The upper pressing mechanism includes an upper pressing rod 801 or an upper pressing plate and an upper pressing cylinder for driving the upper pressing rod 801 or the upper pressing plate to move up and down. When pressing the bearing shell, the pressing rod 801 of the pressing mechanism 8 presses the bearing shell into the workpiece from the front side. In order to ensure the stability of the workpiece during the pressing process, it is necessary to set up a pressing and positioning mechanism. The pressing and positioning mechanism can be only the back pressure mechanism 4, and the support plate 401 of the back pressure mechanism 4 acts on the rear side of the workpiece, or it can be only the upper pressing mechanism, and the upper pressing rod 801 or the upper pressing plate of the upper pressing mechanism acts on the upper surface of the workpiece. Of course, it can also include both the back pressure mechanism 4 and the upper pressing mechanism, further increasing the stability of the workpiece during the pressing process and ensuring the pressing accuracy and quality of the bearing shell.

[0050] Two upper pressing mechanisms can be set, namely a front pressing mechanism 6 acting on the front part of the workpiece and a rear pressing mechanism 7 acting on the rear part of the workpiece. The front pressing mechanism 6 includes a front pressing head 212 or a front pressing plate and a front pressing cylinder for driving the front pressing head 212 or the front pressing plate to move up and down; the rear pressing mechanism 7 includes a rear pressing head 212 or a rear pressing plate and a rear pressing cylinder for driving the rear pressing head 212 or the rear pressing plate to move up and down; further ensuring the positioning stability of the workpiece during the bearing shell pressing.

[0051] The back pressure mechanism 4 further includes a locking assembly. The locking assembly includes a pair of locking plates 405 and a locking cylinder 406 for driving the locking plates 405 to act. The piston rod of the pressing cylinder 402 acts on a cylinder connecting plate 407. The cylinder connecting plate 407 is connected to the support plate 401 through a pair of support rods 404. The support frame 403 is provided with through holes for the support rods 404 to pass through, and the support rods 404 are provided with locking inclined mouths adapted to the locking plates 405. When the locking cylinder 406 acts and the piston rod extends, it pushes the locking plates 405 on both sides to move outward, and the locking plates 405 are inserted into the locking chip mouths of the support rods 404, thereby locking the support rods 404 and the support plate 401, and being able to lock the position of the support rods 404 to ensure that the support plate 401 can always stably act on the workpiece during the workpiece pressing process.

[0052] The machine frame 1 is further provided with a workpiece in-place mechanism. The workpiece in-place mechanism includes a blocking member and a blocking cylinder 9 for driving the blocking member to move up and down. The workpiece can be fed through a conveying mechanism 5. When the workpiece reaches the workpiece position, the blocking member can lift under the action of the blocking cylinder 9, and the lifted blocking member can act on the rear side of the workpiece to limit it to ensure that the workpiece reaches the workpiece position and waits for the bearing shell pressing.

[0053] The conveying mechanism 5 includes a conveying roller path, and the workpiece is conveyed and loaded onto the machine by the conveying roller path. The workpiece can be directly placed on the conveying roller path. Of course, the workpiece can also be placed on the workpiece tray 12, and the workpiece tray 12 is placed on the conveying roller path. The conveying roller path can achieve automatic loading of the workpiece under the action of a motor or the combined action of a motor and a rack and pinion transmission mechanism.

[0054] The press-fitting device includes a plurality of bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanisms, which are arranged in a straight line. The workpiece engine cylinder head 11 is placed on the tray 12. After the tray 12 is conveyed by the conveying roller path and reaches the blocking cylinder 9, the lifting cylinder 303 pushes the upper top plate 308 to move upward. During the movement, the positioning pin 304 will be inserted into the positioning hole of the tray 12. When the lifting cylinder 303 is fully extended, the moving cylinder 307 pushes the die change cushion block 306, such as a shim, to move under the positioning rod 305, and then the lifting cylinder 303 retracts, driving the positioning rod 305 to top against the die change cushion block 306 to complete the positioning and lifting.

[0055] The rear pressing cylinder and the front pressing cylinder press the workpiece engine cylinder head 11 downward; the pressing cylinder 402 pushes the cylinder connecting plate 407, thereby pressing the support plate 401 against the workpiece engine cylinder head 11. Then, the locking cylinder 406 pushes the locking plates 405 on both sides to move outward and insert into the locking inclined openings of the support rods 404, thereby locking the support rods 404 and the support plate 401 to complete the back pressure on the workpiece and prevent the workpiece from moving during the press-fitting of the bearing bush.

[0056] The worker places the cooled bearing shell 10 into the bearing shell storage cavity 213 and adjusts the angle. The guide rod cylinder 207 drives the fixed guide block 203 to move downward. While moving, the guide plate 202 guides the longitudinal guide rod 206 to move backward. The longitudinal guide rod 206 drives the transverse guide rod 205 to move along the fixed guide block 203, and at the same time compresses the spring 204. When the guide rod cylinder 207 moves, since the entire bearing shell storage rack 201 is fixed on the floating block 210, when the guide rod cylinder 207 is fully retracted, the positioning block 211 and the positioning plate 214 can move freely along the floating rod 208, and the floating spring 209 can ensure that the bearing shell storage rack 201 can return to the initial position after leaving the workpiece. When the positioning block 211 and the positioning plate 214 are respectively in contact with the arc positioning surface 111 and the horizontal positioning surface 112 on the engine cylinder head 11, the guide rod cylinder 207 stops operating and completes the positioning of the bearing shell. After the above work is completed, the servo press 802 drives the pressure rod 801 to move backward, and then drives the pressure head 212 to move forward a specified distance and then retracts. At this time, the bearing shell is installed in the specified position, thus completing the press-fitting of the bearing shell. Each bearing shell installation position corresponds to a set of bearing shell positioning and lifting mechanisms 2. After one bearing shell is press-fitted, then the second bearing shell from the rear is press-fitted. The pressure rod 801 moves forward a specified distance, and the second bearing shell positioning and lifting mechanism from the rear operates to achieve the positioning of the second bearing shell. The pressure rod 802 moves backward under the action of the servo press to drive the pressure head to install the second bearing shell into the second bearing shell hole position on the engine cylinder head. Repeat the above process, from the back to the front until all the bearing shells on the workpiece are installed; when all the bearing shells are press-fitted, the guide rod cylinders 207 of all the bearing shell positioning and lifting mechanisms 2 extend uniformly, and the workpiece blanking is completed in reverse order according to the above sequence, waiting for the press-fitting of the next batch of bearing shells.

[0057] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bearing automatic press-fitting device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a conveying mechanism (5) arranged on the frame (1), a workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism (3), a pressing and positioning mechanism, a pressing mechanism (8) and at least two bearing bush positioning and lifting mechanisms (2), wherein the conveying mechanism (5) is used to convey the workpiece to be pressed to the workpiece position and to output the workpiece after pressing, the workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism (3) is used to lift the workpiece on the workpiece position to the pressing position and to lower the workpiece after pressing to the workpiece position, and the pressing and positioning mechanism is used to position the workpiece to be pressed on the pressing position. The workpiece is processed for clamping and positioning. The bearing positioning and lifting mechanism (2) is used to store the bearing and drive the bearing (10) to move up and down. The pressing mechanism (8) is used to press the bearing on the bearing positioning and lifting mechanism (2) into the corresponding bearing hole (113) on the workpiece. The pressing mechanism (8) includes a pressing rod (801) and a pressing rod driving mechanism for driving the pressing rod (801) to move forward and backward. The bearing positioning and lifting mechanism (2) is arranged in a straight line from front to back along the axis of the pressing rod.

2. The automatic bearing press-fitting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bearing positioning and lifting mechanism (2) also includes a bearing storage rack (201) and a guide rod cylinder (207) for driving the bearing storage rack (201) to move up and down. The guide rod cylinder (207) is arranged on the frame (1). The bearing storage rack (201) is provided with a bearing storage cavity (213) for accommodating the bearing (10). The bearing storage cavity (213) is also provided with a pressure head (212) that can slide in the bearing storage rack (201). The pressing mechanism (8) acts on the pressure head (212) to press the bearing into the corresponding bearing hole (113) on the workpiece. A return spring (215) is also provided between the pressure head (212) and the bearing storage rack (201).

3. The automatic bearing press-fitting equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The bearing positioning and lifting mechanism (2) further comprises a mounting block (216), a fixed guide block (203), a U-shaped rod and a guide plate (202); the guide plate (202) is arranged on the frame (1); the bearing storage rack (201) is arranged on the mounting block (216); the piston rod of the guide rod cylinder (207) is connected to the fixed guide block (203); the U-shaped rod comprises a pair of transverse guide rods (205) and a longitudinal guide rod (206); The lateral guide rod (206) acts on the outer side surface of the guide plate (202), the lower part of the outer side surface of the guide plate (202) protrudes from the upper part thereof, one end of the lateral guide rod (205) is connected to the longitudinal guide rod (206), and the other end passes through the fixed guide block (203) and is connected to the mounting block (216), and a compression spring (204) is sleeved on the lateral guide rod (205) located between the mounting block (216) and the fixed guide block (203).

4. The automatic bearing press-fitting equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The bearing storage rack (201) is connected to the mounting block (216) via a front-rear floating mechanism, wherein the front-rear floating mechanism comprises a floating rod (208) arranged on the mounting block (216) and a floating spring (209) arranged on the floating rod (208). A floating block (210) is provided on the top of the bearing storage rack (201), wherein the floating block (210) is slidably arranged on the floating rod (208), and the floating spring (209) is located between the floating block (210) and the mounting block (216).

5. The automatic bearing press-fitting equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The bearing bush storage rack (201) is also provided with a positioning block (211) and / or a positioning plate (214) for positioning and cooperating with the positioning surface of the workpiece.

6. The automatic bearing press-fitting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism (3) comprises a base frame (301), a lifting frame (302) and a lifting cylinder (303) for driving the lifting frame (302) to move up and down; the lifting frame (302) is provided with a positioning pin (304) for positioning the workpiece; the lifting frame (302) is provided with a support rod (309); and the base frame (301) is correspondingly provided with a rod sleeve (310) for allowing the support rod (309) to move up and down.

7. The automatic bearing press-fitting equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The workpiece positioning and lifting mechanism (3) further comprises at least two positioning rods (305), a mold changing pad (306) and a movable cylinder (307) for moving the mold changing pad (306) to the bottom of the positioning rod (305) or away from the bottom of the positioning rod (305); the positioning rod (305) is arranged on the lifting frame (302); the movable cylinder (307) is arranged on the base frame (301); and the piston rod end of the lifting cylinder (303) is provided with an upper top plate (308) acting on the lifting frame (302).

8. The automatic bearing press-fitting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The clamping and positioning mechanism comprises a back pressure mechanism (4) acting on the rear side of the workpiece and / or an upper clamping mechanism acting on the upper part of the workpiece, the back pressure mechanism (4) comprising a support plate (401) and a clamping cylinder (402) for driving the support plate (401) to move forward and backward, the clamping cylinder (402) being arranged on the frame (1) via a support frame (403); the upper clamping mechanism comprises an upper clamping rod (801) or an upper clamping plate and an upper clamping cylinder for driving the upper clamping rod (801) or the upper clamping plate to move up and down.

9. The automatic bearing press-fitting equipment according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The back pressure mechanism (4) also includes a locking assembly, which includes a pair of locking plates (405) and a locking cylinder (406) for driving the locking plate (405) to move. The piston rod of the pressing cylinder (402) acts on a cylinder connecting plate (407). The cylinder connecting plate (407) is connected to the support plate (401) via a pair of support rods (404). The support frame (403) is provided with a through hole for the support rod (404) to pass through. The support rod (404) is provided with a locking bevel that matches the locking plate (405).

10. The automatic bearing press-fitting equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The frame (1) is also provided with a workpiece positioning mechanism, which comprises a blocking member and a blocking cylinder (9) for driving the blocking member to move up and down.

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