Multi-stage transmission structure and speed reducer

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-stage transmission structure and a speed reducer, and belongs to the technical field of speed reducer transmission structures. Comprising a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft comprises a first-stage shaft section, a positioning shaft section and a second-stage shaft section which are coaxially arranged, the diameters of the first-stage shaft section, the positioning shaft section and the second-stage shaft section are sequentially decreased, a transition area of every two adjacent shaft sections is designed in a stepped mode, a connecting shaft section is coaxially arranged at the end of the first-stage shaft section, and a butt joint inserting block is arranged at the end of the connecting shaft section; the end of the second-stage shaft section is provided with a butt-joint groove matched with the butt-joint insertion block in a socket connection mode, and the two transmission shafts are coaxially connected end to end through socket matching of the butt-joint insertion block and the butt-joint groove to form a long shaft structure. The transmission shaft is designed to be of a structure capable of being freely assembled and disassembled, a user can flexibly select the number of the transmission shafts according to actual requirements to conduct coaxial butt joint end to end, and extra customized production is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of reducer transmission structure, in particular to a multi-stage transmission structure and a reducer. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical transmission, the transmission shaft and reducer are key components for transmitting power and torque. The stability and reliability of their performance are crucial to the operation of the entire mechanical system. Traditional transmission shaft designs often adopt an integral structure, that is, a complete shaft body that transmits power through different shaft segments and gears. However, this design method has many limitations, such as fixed shaft length, difficulty in adapting to transmission requirements of different lengths, high maintenance costs, and difficulty in replacement.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, a modular transmission shaft has gradually appeared in the market, that is, the transmission function is realized by the combination of multiple shaft sections or components. For example, the Chinese patent with publication number CN209925419U discloses a multi-stage speed reduction gear transmission main shaft, including a first-stage main shaft, a plug block is arranged at the left end of the first-stage main shaft, a mounting hole penetrating the upper and lower end faces of the first-stage main shaft is arranged on the left end outer wall of the first-stage main shaft, and a connecting shaft is arranged at the left end of the first-stage main shaft. The beneficial effects are as follows: the utility model realizes the mutual superposition connection of multi-stage reduction main shafts by taking the secondary reducer main shaft as the basis, so that the main shaft of the reducer can be uniformly produced during production, and then the main shaft length can be adjusted; by utilizing the cooperation between the plug hole and the plug block, the mutually fixed connection between adjacent main shafts is realized, the bending strength of the connection position is improved, and the fracture caused by high-speed rotation is prevented. At the same time, the position between adjacent main shafts is fixed by bolts to prevent misalignment and jamming.

[0004] However, the first-stage main shaft and the second-stage main shaft are only connected axially by bolts. The vibration generated during the operation of the transmission shaft will inevitably cause it to be subjected to axial force. It is difficult to support the axial pulling force generated by the transmission shaft by bolt connection alone.

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a multi-stage transmission structure and a reducer to meet the needs. Utility Model Content

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a multi-stage transmission structure and a reducer to solve the problem of low strength of the existing modular transmission shaft docking structure.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A multi-stage transmission structure includes: a transmission shaft, which includes a first-stage shaft section, a positioning shaft section, and a second-stage shaft section arranged coaxially. The diameters of the first-stage shaft section, the positioning shaft section, and the second-stage shaft section are set to decrease in sequence, and the transition regions between adjacent shaft sections are designed in a stepped manner. A connecting shaft section is coaxially arranged at the end of the first-stage shaft section, and a docking plug is provided at the end of the connecting shaft section. A docking groove for fitting and socket-connecting with the docking plug is opened at the end of the second-stage shaft section. The two transmission shafts are coaxially connected end to end through the socket connection of the docking plug and the docking groove to form a long shaft structure.

[0009] Preferably, first key grooves and second key grooves are respectively axially opened on the side walls of the first-stage shaft section and the second-stage shaft section for fitting and connecting transmission gears.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting shaft section has the same diameter as the second-stage shaft section, and a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting shaft section. A plurality of locking threaded holes are opened on the outer side wall of the limiting ring and are distributed in an annular array. The opening direction of the locking threaded holes intersects and is perpendicular to the central axis of the transmission shaft.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a connecting shaft sleeve, which is sleeved on the outer side wall of the connecting shaft section. A rotating connection groove for fitting and rotating connection with the limiting ring is opened inside the connecting shaft sleeve, and a positioning installation hole penetrating the bottom wall of the rotating connection groove is opened on the side wall of the connecting shaft sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a bolt for passing through the positioning installation hole and being threadedly connected with one of the locking threaded holes in a matching manner.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the connecting shaft sleeve away from the first-stage shaft section protrudes from the end of the connecting shaft section, and an internal threaded groove is opened on the inner side wall.

[0014] Preferably, a first external threaded groove is opened on the outer side wall at the outer end position of the second-stage shaft section, and the first external threaded groove is threadedly connected with the connecting shaft sleeve on another transmission shaft in a matching manner.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a connecting sub-shaft, which is in a cylindrical structure and has the same diameter as the connecting shaft section. A socket slot is opened at one end of the connecting sub-shaft, and the socket slot is socket-connected with the docking plug in a matching manner. A second external threaded groove is opened on the outer side wall of the connecting sub-shaft near the end where the socket slot is opened, and the second external threaded groove is threadedly connected with the internal threaded groove in a matching manner.

[0016] Preferably, the radial cross-sections of the docking plug, the docking groove, and the socket slot are the same and are set to be non-circular structures.

[0017] A reducer includes the above multi-stage transmission structure. The reducer further includes a reducer housing. A support structure for setting up and rotatably connecting the transmission shaft is provided inside the reducer housing, and an inner cavity for accommodating the transmission gear is opened inside the reducer housing.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The drive shaft is designed with a freely assembled and disassembled structure. Users can flexibly select the number of drive shafts according to actual needs for coaxial docking at the head and tail, without the need for additional customized production. This modular design not only reduces production costs but also greatly improves the applicability and flexibility of the drive shaft.

[0020] 2. By setting the non-circular cross-section design of the docking plug and the docking groove, and the threaded connection between the connecting sleeve and the second-stage shaft section, the present utility model ensures the structural strength and stability of the drive shaft after docking. This design effectively prevents loosening or breakage caused by vibration or impact during the transmission process, and extends the service life of the drive shaft.

[0021] 3. Due to the modular design of the drive shaft, when a certain shaft section fails or wears, users can easily remove and replace it without replacing the entire drive shaft. This not only reduces maintenance costs but also improves the maintainability and reliability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings incorporated herein and constituting a part of the specification illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the specification, are further used to explain the principles of the present disclosure and enable those skilled in the relevant art to implement and use the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the long shaft structure formed by docking the drive shaft and the connecting sub-shaft of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at the docking part of the drive shaft and the connecting sub-shaft of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the drive shaft structure of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 For Figure 3 Another perspective schematic diagram of the structure in

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the drive shaft structure of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the drive shaft connection structure of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 Semi-sectional view of the internal structure of the connecting sleeve of the present utility model.

[0030] In the figure: 1, transmission shaft; 11, first-stage shaft section; 111, first keyway; 12, positioning shaft section; 13, second-stage shaft section; 131, second keyway; 132, first external thread groove; 133, docking groove; 14, connecting shaft section; 2, connecting shaft sleeve; 21, internal thread groove; 22, positioning and mounting hole; 23, rotating connection groove; 3, connecting sub-shaft; 31, second external thread groove; 32, receiving slot; 4, bolt; 5, limiting ring; 51, locking threaded hole; 6, docking insert block.

[0031] As shown in the figure, in order to clearly implement the structure of the embodiments of the present invention, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure, but this is only for schematic needs and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device and environment. According to specific needs, those of ordinary skill in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments, and the adjustments or modifications still fall within the scope of the appended claims. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The following describes in detail a multi-stage transmission structure and a reducer provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it should be noted here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments. For some well-known technologies, those skilled in the art can also adopt other alternative ways to implement them; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specifically describing the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0033] The present invention covers any substitutions, modifications, and equivalents made on the essence and scope of the present invention, such as Figure 1 - Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stage transmission structure and a reducer, including a transmission shaft 1, which is an integrally turned circumferential structure. The transmission shaft 1 includes a first-stage shaft section 11, a positioning shaft section 12, and a second-stage shaft section 13 arranged coaxially. The diameters of the first-stage shaft section 11, the positioning shaft section 12, and the second-stage shaft section 13 are sequentially decreasing, and the transition regions between adjacent shaft sections are designed in a stepped manner. A connecting shaft section 14 is coaxially arranged at the end of the first-stage shaft section 11, and a docking insert block 6 is provided at the end of the connecting shaft section 14. The radial cross-section of the docking insert block 6 is a regular hexagon (refer to Figure 4 ), and a docking groove 133 for receiving and connecting with the docking insert block 6 is opened at the end of the second-stage shaft section 13 (the shape of the groove body refers to Figure 3 ). The two transmission shafts 1 are coaxially connected end to end through the receiving and mating of the docking insert block 6 and the docking groove 133 to form a long shaft structure.

[0034] A speed reducer includes the above multi-stage transmission structure. Further, the speed reducer further includes a speed reducer housing. Inside the speed reducer housing, there is a bracket structure for mounting and rotatably connecting the transmission shaft 1. Inside the speed reducer housing, there is a cavity for accommodating the transmission gears.

[0035] Through the freely assembled and disassembled transmission shaft 1 structure, in the actual use process, according to the required length of the transmission shaft system, multiple transmission shafts 1 can be coaxially butted end to end, without the need for additional customized production, improving the applicability of the transmission shaft 1.

[0036] As Figure 3 shown, on the side walls of the first-stage shaft section 11 and the second-stage shaft section 13, a first key groove 111 and a second key groove 131 are respectively axially provided for cooperating with and connecting the transmission gears. Through stepped limiting and cooperating with a snap ring, axial limiting is performed on the transmission gears mounted on the first-stage shaft section 11 and the second-stage shaft section 13.

[0037] As Figure 4 shown, the connecting shaft section 14 has the same diameter as the second-stage shaft section 13, and a limiting ring 5 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting shaft section 14. The radial cross-section of the limiting ring 5 is trapezoidal to improve the structural strength of the limiting ring 5. On the outer side wall of the limiting ring 5, a plurality of locking threaded holes 51 are provided in an annular array distribution. The opening direction of the locking threaded holes 51 intersects and is perpendicular to the central axis of the transmission shaft 1.

[0038] Among them, the number of the locking threaded holes 51 is the same as the radial cross-section shape of the docking insert block 6. For example, in this embodiment, the docking insert block 6 is set to have a regular hexagonal radial cross-section shape, so the number of the locking threaded holes 51 in this embodiment is six, so as to ensure that no matter at what angular offset difference the two transmission shafts 1 are inserted and connected, after the docking insert block 6 is screwed into the innermost end, the positioning installation hole 22 always faces one of the locking threaded holes 51.

[0039] As Figure 6 shown, it further includes a connecting shaft sleeve 2 sleeved on the outer side wall of the connecting shaft section 14. Inside the connecting shaft sleeve 2, there is a rotating connection groove 23 for rotatably connecting with the limiting ring 5. On the side wall of the connecting shaft sleeve 2, there is a positioning installation hole 22 penetrating the bottom wall of the rotating connection groove 23; one end of the connecting shaft sleeve 2 away from the first-stage shaft section 11 protrudes from the end of the connecting shaft section 14, and an internal threaded groove 21 is provided on the inner side wall; on the outer side wall at the outer end position of the second-stage shaft section 13, there is a first external threaded groove 132, and the first external threaded groove 132 is threadedly connected with the connecting shaft sleeve 2 on another transmission shaft 1.

[0040] Among them, the outer diameter of the connecting bushing 2 is larger than that of the first-stage shaft segment 11, and the connecting bushing 2 is in close contact with the first-stage shaft segment 11. The protruding part of the transition area between the connecting bushing 2 and the first-stage shaft segment 11 is used to axially limit and fix the transmission gear installed on the first-stage shaft segment 11.

[0041] By arranging the connecting bushing 2 rotatably connected to the connecting shaft segment 14 to be in threaded connection with the second-stage shaft segment 13 on another transmission shaft 1 for docking, the docking groove 133 and the docking plug 6 in the socket connection are axially limited. Moreover, the force direction of the threaded connection is axial, and the force is evenly distributed to the whole of the threaded groove, ensuring the structural strength after the docking of the two transmission shafts 1.

[0042] Such as Figure 1 shown, it further includes a bolt 4 for passing through the positioning mounting hole 22 and being in threaded connection with one of the locking threaded holes 51.

[0043] By arranging the bolt 4 to pass through and fix the connecting bushing 2 and the limiting ring 5, the connecting bushing 2 rotating on the connecting shaft segment 14 is rotationally positioned, avoiding the disconnection of the two transmission shafts 1 connected end to end due to the loosening of the threaded connection during the use of the transmission shaft 1.

[0044] Such as Figure 5 shown, it further includes a connecting sub-shaft 3, which is of a cylindrical structure and has the same diameter as the connecting shaft segment 14. One end of the connecting sub-shaft 3 is provided with a socket 32, and the socket 32 is in socket connection with the docking plug 6. Moreover, a second external threaded groove 31 is provided on the outer side wall of the connecting sub-shaft 3 near the end where the socket 32 is provided, and the second external threaded groove 31 is in threaded connection with the internal threaded groove 21.

[0045] By arranging the connecting sub-shaft 3 with the same structure as the end of the second-stage shaft segment 13, an extension shaft segment with the same diameter as the head end of the long shaft is provided at the tail end of the composed long shaft, facilitating the subsequent assembly of the composed long shaft inside the reducer.

[0046] The radial cross-sections of the docking plug 6, the docking groove 133, and the socket 32 are the same and are set to be non-circular structures.

[0047] For the technical solution provided by the present utility model, when the two transmission shafts 1 are coaxially butted end to end, first, the two transmission shafts 1 are placed coaxially and end to end relatively, and they are pulled closer to each other. Among them, the docking plug 6 is preferentially inserted into the docking groove 133 on the other transmission shaft 1. After entering a certain depth, the connecting sleeve 2 is connected to the second-stage shaft section 13 on the other transmission shaft 1. At this time, the connecting sleeve 2 is rotated. As the connecting sleeve 2 rotates, the internal thread groove 21 cooperates with the first external thread groove 132 for thread feeding, driving the two transmission shafts 1 to be butted against each other until the docking plug 6 is completely inserted into the docking groove 133, and the connecting shaft section 14 is closely attached to the second-stage shaft section 13 on the other transmission shaft 1. At this time, the positioning installation hole 22 on the connecting sleeve 2 is opposite to one of the locking thread holes 51 on the limiting ring 5. A bolt 4 is passed through the positioning installation hole 22 and threadedly connected and tightened with the locking thread hole 51 to complete the docking of the two transmission shafts 1. After the transmission shaft 1 to be butted meets the use requirements, a connecting sub-shaft 3 can be butted with the tail end of the long shaft in the above manner.

[0048] Methods and solutions. In order to enable the public to have a thorough understanding of the present utility model, specific details are described in detail in the above preferred embodiments of the present utility model. However, those skilled in the art can fully understand the present utility model without these detailed descriptions. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion to the essence of the present utility model, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0049] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-stage transmission structure, comprising a transmission shaft (1), characterized in that: The transmission shaft (1) comprises a first-stage shaft section (11), a positioning shaft section (12) and a second-stage shaft section (13) which are coaxially arranged. The diameters of the first-stage shaft section (11), the positioning shaft section (12) and the second-stage shaft section (13) are arranged in descending order, and the transition areas of two adjacent shaft sections are designed in a stepped manner. A connecting shaft section (14) is coaxially arranged at the end of the first-stage shaft section (11). A butt plug block (6) is provided at the end of the connecting shaft section (14). A butt groove (133) which is matched with the butt plug block (6) for socket connection is provided at the end of the second-stage shaft section (13). The two transmission shafts (1) are coaxially connected end to end through the socket connection between the butt plug block (6) and the butt groove (133) to form a long shaft structure.

2. The multi-stage transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first keyway (111) and a second keyway (131) are respectively provided on the side walls of the first-stage shaft section (11) and the second-stage shaft section (13) in the axial direction for matching and connecting with a transmission gear.

3. The multi-stage transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting shaft section (14) has the same diameter as the second-stage shaft section (13), and a limit ring (5) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting shaft section (14). The outer side wall of the limit ring (5) is provided with a plurality of locking threaded holes (51) distributed in a circular array, and the direction in which the locking threaded holes (51) are opened intersects and is perpendicular to the central axis of the transmission shaft (1).

4. The multi-stage transmission structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also comprises a connecting sleeve (2) which is sleeved on the outer wall of the connecting shaft section (14); a rotating connecting groove (23) which cooperates with the limiting ring (5) for rotational connection is provided inside the connecting sleeve (2); and a positioning installation hole (22) which passes through the bottom wall of the rotating connecting groove (23) is provided on the side wall of the connecting sleeve (2).

5. The multi-stage transmission structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a bolt (4) which is used to pass through the positioning installation hole (22) and be threadedly connected with one of the locking threaded holes (51).

6. The multi-stage transmission structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the connecting shaft sleeve (2) away from the first-stage shaft section (11) protrudes from the end of the connecting shaft section (14), and an internal thread groove (21) is provided on the inner side wall.

7. The multi-stage transmission structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first external thread groove (132) is provided on the outer side wall at the upper outer end of the second-stage shaft section (13), and the first external thread groove (132) is threadedly connected to a connecting sleeve (2) on another transmission shaft (1).

8. The multi-stage transmission structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting secondary shaft (3) which is in a cylindrical structure and has the same diameter as the connecting shaft section (14); a socket slot (32) is provided at one end of the connecting secondary shaft (3); the socket slot (32) is connected to the docking block (6) in a socket-and-socket manner; and a second external thread groove (31) is provided on the outer side wall of the end of the connecting secondary shaft (3) close to the socket slot (32); the second external thread groove (31) is connected to the internal thread groove (21) in a threaded manner.

9. The multi-stage transmission structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The radial cross-sections of the docking plug block (6), the docking groove (133), and the socket groove (32) are all the same and are configured as non-circular structures.

10. A reducer, characterized in that: The multi-stage transmission structure comprises the multi-stage transmission structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the reducer further comprises a reducer housing, wherein a support structure for erecting and rotatably connecting the transmission shaft (1) is provided inside the reducer housing, and an inner cavity for accommodating a transmission gear is provided inside the reducer housing.

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