Horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a horizontal type coal gangue pyrolysis device, and particularly relates to the field of coal series solid waste treatment, the horizontal type coal gangue pyrolysis device comprises a steel supporting structure, a tunnel kiln is arranged on the rear side of the top of the steel supporting structure, and a heating mechanism is arranged on the front face of the tunnel kiln. Coal gangue enters the treatment barrel through the material pipe, the gear motor and the exhaust fan are started through an external power source, the output end of the gear motor drives the driving gear to rotate, the treatment barrel is driven to rotate through cooperation of the driving gear and the driven gear, entering materials cannot be bonded with one another, the materials can be heated evenly, and the treatment efficiency is improved. And the exhaust fan exhausts high-temperature flue gas in the tunnel kiln through the second exhaust pipe to transfer heat to the coal gangue in the treatment cylinder in a radiation heat exchange mode, the coal gangue is fully pyrolyzed and gasified, and finally the decomposed coal gangue is discharged through the material pipe on the left side. Through the cooperation of the structure, the effects of improving the gasification efficiency, reducing the energy consumption and improving the yield of products are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal series solid waste treatment, in particular to a horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device. Background Technique

[0002] Coal gangue is a solid waste discharged during the coal mining process and coal washing process. It is a dark gray rock with a lower carbon content and harder than coal, which is associated with coal seams during the coal formation process. Coal gangue contains 20 - 30% of carbon, oil, and gas substances, among which oil and gas account for 11 - 15% and carbon accounts for 7 - 15%. By fully pyrolyzing and gasifying coal gangue, the obtained oil and gas products and 70 - 80% of solid products have great economic value. With the enhancement of environmental awareness and the increasing strictness of environmental protection regulations, the treatment of industrial solid waste, especially the treatment of coal series solid waste such as coal gangue, has become an important environmental protection topic. Coal gangue ceramsite, as a lightweight aggregate, has a wide range of applications in the fields of construction, horticulture, etc. In traditional coal gangue pyrolysis, especially when producing ceramsite, it often agglomerates, resulting in low production efficiency.

[0003] There are many problems in traditional coal gangue pyrolysis, such as low pyrolysis efficiency, easy agglomeration of products, high energy consumption, consumption of external energy, and low heat utilization rate. These problems not only affect the quality of ceramsite but also increase the production cost. Therefore, developing a high - efficiency, energy - saving, and environmentally friendly pyrolysis device is of great significance for improving the production efficiency of ceramsite, reducing costs, and protecting the environment.

[0004] In the existing technologies, although some pyrolysis devices can solve the above problems to a certain extent, there are still certain limitations. For example, some pyrolysis devices affect the product quality, resulting in unqualified products, and multiple repeated recycling increases the operating cost; some pyrolysis devices are difficult to control the temperature curve, and the gasification rate recovery is low. There are also some pyrolysis devices in which mechanical components are easily damaged during the pyrolysis process, affecting the stable operation and service life of the equipment. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device, which can improve the efficiency of the pyrolysis process of coal series solid waste such as coal gangue, reduce energy consumption, and solve the problems of agglomeration, high energy consumption, and low gasification rate recovery existing in traditional coal gangue pyrolysis. By optimizing the heat exchange mechanism and pyrolysis device method, the gasification efficiency is improved, while the energy consumption is reduced, and the yield rate of products is increased.

[0006] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device includes a steel support structure. A tunnel kiln is arranged at the rear side of the top of the steel support structure. A heating mechanism is arranged on the front of the tunnel kiln. The heating mechanism includes a hot gas chamber fixedly communicated with the front of the tunnel kiln. A rotating mechanism is arranged outside the hot gas chamber. The rotating mechanism includes a processing cylinder that penetrates through the left and right sides of the hot gas chamber and is rotatable. The surface of the connection between the processing cylinder and the hot gas chamber is rotatably connected. Feeding and discharging mechanisms are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the processing cylinder. One feeding and discharging mechanism is formed by flipping the other feeding and discharging mechanism by a certain degree.

[0008] As a further scheme of the utility model: The feeding and discharging mechanism includes a sealed bin fixedly connected with the steel support structure. A material pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the sealed bin. The material pipe penetrates through the surface of the sealed bin and enters the inside of the sealed bin. And the bottom side end of the material pipe inclines to the left and is rotatably connected with the surface of the processing cylinder through a bearing.

[0009] As a further scheme of the utility model: A discharge valve is installed on the material pipe.

[0010] As a further scheme of the utility model: A gas pipeline is fixedly communicated with the top of the right sealed bin. A group of exhaust holes are arranged on the right surface of the processing cylinder. The processing cylinder is designed to incline slightly downward from right to left.

[0011] As a further scheme of the utility model: The rotating mechanism further includes a pair of load-bearing wheels arranged inside the sealed bin. The outside of the load-bearing wheels is rotatably connected with the sealed bin through a rotating rod. The load-bearing wheels are in contact with the two sides of the bottom of the processing cylinder and are used for supporting the processing cylinder. An installation plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the steel support structure. A reduction motor is fixedly connected to the right side of the installation plate. The output end of the reduction motor is fixedly connected with a driving gear. A driven gear is fixedly connected to the surface of the processing cylinder. The driving gear is meshed with the driven gear.

[0012] As a further scheme of the utility model: A spiral baffle is fixedly connected to the inside of the processing cylinder.

[0013] As a further scheme of the utility model: The heating mechanism further includes an exhaust fan arranged on the front of the steel support structure. The output end of the exhaust fan is fixedly connected with a first exhaust duct. The rear side end of the first exhaust duct is fixedly communicated with the tunnel kiln. The input end of the exhaust fan is fixedly connected with a second exhaust duct. The rear side end of the second exhaust duct is fixedly communicated with the hot gas chamber.

[0014] As a further scheme of the utility model: The shell part of the processing cylinder exposed outside the hot gas chamber is subjected to external heat insulation treatment with a thickness of 300 - 500 mm.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] For this horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device, by opening the right discharge valve, the coal gangue enters the right side of the treatment cylinder through the material pipe. At the same time, the reduction motor and the exhaust fan are started through an external power supply. The output end of the reduction motor drives the driving gear to rotate. Through the cooperation of the driving gear and the driven gear, the treatment cylinder rotates, so that the entering materials will not adhere to each other and can make the materials evenly heated. The exhaust fan extracts the high-temperature flue gas inside the tunnel kiln through the second exhaust pipe. The hot gas first enters the hot gas chamber. Through the radiation heat transfer method, heat is transferred to the coal gangue in the treatment cylinder, and the coal gangue is fully pyrolyzed and gasified. Then the used hot air enters the roasting section of the tunnel kiln through the first exhaust pipe for air supply, achieving the effect of hot air circulation. Finally, the left discharge valve is opened, and the decomposed coal gangue is discharged through the left material pipe. Through the cooperation of the above structures, the gasification efficiency is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the yield of the product is increased.

[0017] In addition, for this horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device, due to the design that the treatment cylinder is slightly inclined downward from right to left, after the treatment cylinder heats the entering coal gangue, gas will be generated. The gas flows upward due to heating, and the treatment cylinder is inclined with the right side high and the left side low, so the gas flows to the right and enters the sealed bin through the exhaust holes. Then the gas is discharged into the collection device through the gas pipeline, achieving the effect of gas collection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the overall structure in a horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front view sectional structure of the overall structure in a horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the right view sectional structure of the overall structure in a horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device.

[0022] In the figure: 10, steel support structure; 11, tunnel kiln; 20, feeding and discharging mechanism; 201, sealed bin; 202, material pipe; 203, discharge valve; 204, gas pipeline; 30, rotating mechanism; 301, treatment cylinder; 302, spiral baffle; 303, load-bearing wheel; 304, mounting plate; 305, reduction motor; 306, driving gear; 307, driven gear; 40, heating mechanism; 401, hot gas chamber; 402, exhaust fan; 403, first exhaust pipe; 404, second exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] As Figures 1-4As shown in the figure, a horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device includes a steel support structure 10. At the rear side of the top of the steel support structure 10, there is a tunnel kiln 11. Inside the tunnel kiln 11, from left to right, there are a cooling section, a high-temperature section, a roasting section, and a preheating section. On the front of the tunnel kiln 11, there is a heating mechanism 40. The heating mechanism 40 includes a hot gas chamber 401 fixedly connected to the front of the tunnel kiln 11. On the outside of the hot gas chamber 401, there is a rotating mechanism 30. The rotating mechanism 30 includes a processing cylinder 301 that penetrates through the left and right sides of the hot gas chamber 401 and is rotatable. The surface of the connection between the processing cylinder 301 and the hot gas chamber 401 is rotationally connected. On the left and right sides of the processing cylinder 301, there are feeding and discharging mechanisms 20 respectively. The left feeding and discharging mechanism 20 is formed by flipping the right feeding and discharging mechanism 20 by 180 degrees.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 、 2 As shown in the figure, the right feeding and discharging mechanism 20 includes a sealed bin 201 fixedly connected to the steel support structure 10. At the top of the sealed bin 201, there is a material pipe 202 fixedly connected. The material pipe 202 penetrates through the surface of the sealed bin 201 and enters the inside of the sealed bin 201, and the bottom side of the material pipe 202 is inclined to the left and is rotationally connected to the surface of the processing cylinder 301 through a bearing.

[0025] Preferably, a discharge valve 203 is installed on the material pipe 202. During use, when the right discharge valve 203 is opened, the coal gangue enters the right side of the processing cylinder 301 through the material pipe 202. After being heated and decomposed by the processing cylinder 301, when the left discharge valve 203 is opened, the decomposed coal gangue is discharged through the left material pipe 202.

[0026] Preferably, at the top of the right sealed bin 201, there is a gas pipeline 204 fixedly connected. On the right surface of the processing cylinder 301, there is a set of exhaust holes (not shown in the figure). The processing cylinder 301 is designed to be slightly inclined downward from right to left (the inclination angle is 2 - 3 degrees). After the processing cylinder 301 heats the incoming coal gangue, gas is generated. The gas flows upward due to heating, and due to the inclined design of the processing cylinder 301 with the right side higher and the left side lower, the gas flows to the right and enters the sealed bin 201 through the exhaust holes, and then the gas is discharged into the collection device through the gas pipeline 204.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 、 3, 4, the rotating mechanism 30 further includes a pair of load-bearing wheels 303 arranged inside the sealed chamber 201. The outer side of the load-bearing wheel 303 is rotatably connected to the sealed chamber 201 through a rotating rod. The load-bearing wheel 303 contacts both sides of the bottom of the treatment cylinder 301 and is used to support the treatment cylinder 301. An installation plate 304 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the steel support structure 10. A reduction motor 305 is fixedly connected to the right side of the installation plate 304. The output end of the reduction motor 305 is fixedly connected to a driving gear 306. A driven gear 307 is fixedly connected to the surface of the treatment cylinder 301. The driving gear 306 meshes with the driven gear 307.

[0028] Preferably, a spiral baffle 302 is fixedly connected inside the treatment cylinder 301. When the coal gangue enters the treatment cylinder 301, the reduction motor 305 is started through an external power supply. The output end of the reduction motor 305 drives the driving gear 306 to rotate. Through the cooperation of the driving gear 306 and the driven gear 307, the treatment cylinder 301 is driven to rotate, so that the entering materials will not stick to each other and the materials can be heated evenly. At the same time, the spiral baffle 302 rotates in the same direction as the treatment cylinder 301, so that the entering materials gradually move to the left with the rotation of the spiral baffle 302, mainly controlling the length of time the raw materials roll inside the treatment cylinder 301. And when the treatment cylinder 301 rotates, it will drive the two groups of load-bearing wheels 303 to rotate.

[0029] Preferably, the reduction motor 305 and the load-bearing wheels 303 are both arranged outside the hot gas chamber 401, which makes the maintenance and repair of the above components more convenient and increases the service life of the overall device.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 , the heating mechanism 40 further includes an exhaust fan 402 arranged on the front of the steel support structure 10. The output end of the exhaust fan 402 is fixedly connected to a first exhaust duct 403. The rear end of the first exhaust duct 403 is fixedly communicated with the tunnel kiln 11 (here is the roasting section of the tunnel kiln 11). The input end of the exhaust fan 402 is fixedly connected to a second exhaust duct 404. The rear end of the second exhaust duct 404 is fixedly communicated with the hot gas chamber 401 (here is the high-temperature section of the tunnel kiln 11).

[0031] During use, the exhaust fan 402 is started through an external power supply. The exhaust fan 402 extracts the high-temperature flue gas at 500°C - 800°C inside the tunnel kiln 11 through the second exhaust duct 404. The hot gas first enters the hot gas chamber 401. Through the radiation heat transfer method, heat is transferred to the coal gangue in the treatment cylinder 301, heating the temperature of the coal gangue to about 450°C - 500°C for sufficient pyrolysis gasification. Then, the used hot air enters the roasting section of the tunnel kiln 11 through the first exhaust duct 403 for air replenishment, achieving the effect of hot air circulation.

[0032] Preferably, the housing part of the processing cylinder 301 exposed to the hot gas chamber 401 is thermally insulated externally with a thickness of 300 - 500 mm to reduce heat loss during the pyrolysis of coal gangue.

[0033] The working principle of the present utility model is as follows: Open the right discharge valve 203, and the coal gangue enters the right side of the processing cylinder 301 through the material pipe 202. At the same time, start the reduction motor 305 and the exhaust fan 402 through an external power supply. The output end of the reduction motor 305 drives the driving gear 306 to rotate. The cooperation between the driving gear 306 and the driven gear 307 drives the processing cylinder 301 to rotate, so that the incoming materials will not adhere to each other and can make the materials heated evenly. The exhaust fan 402 extracts the high-temperature flue gas at 500°C - 800°C inside the tunnel kiln 11 through the second exhaust pipe 404. The hot gas first enters the inside of the hot gas chamber 401 and transfers heat to the coal gangue in the processing cylinder 301 through the radiation heat transfer method, heating the temperature of the coal gangue to about 450°C - 500°C for sufficient pyrolysis gasification. Then, the used hot air enters the roasting section of the tunnel kiln 11 through the first exhaust pipe 403 for air replenishment to achieve the effect of hot air circulation. Finally, open the left discharge valve 203, and the decomposed coal gangue is discharged through the left material pipe 202.

[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, the present utility model will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present utility model claimed.

Claims

1. A horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device, comprising a steel support structure (10), a tunnel kiln (11) being arranged at the top rear side of the steel support structure (10), and a heating mechanism (40) being arranged at the front side of the tunnel kiln (11), characterized in that: The heating mechanism (40) comprises a hot air chamber (401) fixedly connected to the front side of the tunnel kiln (11); a rotating mechanism (30) is arranged outside the hot air chamber (401); the rotating mechanism (30) comprises a rotatable processing cylinder (301) penetrating the left and right sides of the hot air chamber (401); the processing cylinder (301) is rotatably connected to the hot air chamber (401) at the connection surface; the left and right sides of the processing cylinder (301) are respectively provided with a material inlet and outlet mechanism (20); the material inlet and outlet mechanism (20) on one side is formed by turning (180) degrees the material inlet and outlet mechanism (20) on the other side.

2. A horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material inlet and outlet mechanism (20) comprises a sealed bin (201) fixedly connected to the steel support structure (10), a material pipe (202) fixedly connected to the top of the sealed bin (201), the material pipe (202) penetrating the surface of the sealed bin (201) and entering the interior of the sealed bin (201), and the bottom side end of the material pipe (202) is tilted to the left and rotatably connected to the surface of the processing cylinder (301) through a bearing.

3. A horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A discharge valve (203) is installed on the material pipe (202).

4. The horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the sealed chamber (201) on the right side is fixedly connected to a gas pipeline (204), and a group of exhaust holes are opened on the right side surface of the processing cylinder (301). The processing cylinder (301) is designed to be slightly inclined downward from right to left.

5. The horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism (30) further comprises a pair of load-bearing wheels (303) arranged on the inner side of the sealing chamber (201); the outer sides of the load-bearing wheels (303) are rotatably connected to the sealing chamber (201) via a rotating rod; the load-bearing wheels (303) are in contact with both sides of the bottom of the processing cylinder (301) and are used to support the processing cylinder (301); a mounting plate (304) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the steel support structure (10); a reduction motor (305) is fixedly connected to the right side of the mounting plate (304); a driving gear (306) is fixedly connected to the output end of the reduction motor (305); a driven gear (307) is fixedly connected to the surface of the processing cylinder (301); the driving gear (306) is meshed with the driven gear (307).

6. The horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A spiral baffle (302) is fixedly connected to the interior of the treatment cylinder (301).

7. The horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism (40) further comprises an exhaust fan (402) arranged on the front side of the steel support structure (10); the output end of the exhaust fan (402) is fixedly connected to a first exhaust pipe (403); the rear end of the first exhaust pipe (403) is fixedly connected to the tunnel kiln (11); the input end of the exhaust fan (402) is fixedly connected to a second exhaust pipe (404); the rear end of the second exhaust pipe (404) is fixedly connected to the hot air chamber (401).

8. The horizontal coal gangue pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell portion of the treatment cylinder (301) exposed from the hot air chamber (401) is subjected to external heat insulation treatment with a thickness of (300) to (500) mm.

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