Simulation test device for rock breaking of TBM cutterhead

Abstract

The utility model discloses a simulation test device of TBM cutterhead rock breaking, which relates to the field of simulation tests of TBM cutterhead rock breaking, and comprises a rock box arranged on a horizontal base and used for containing rock mass; the transverse hydraulic propelling system is arranged on the horizontal base and used for driving the transmission system to move in the direction close to or away from the rock box. One side of the transmission system is connected with a cutterhead for crushing rock mass and a high-speed camera for monitoring the rock breaking process of the cutterhead system in real time; the transmission system comprises a torsion motor and a conversion motor, and the torsion motor is connected with the conversion motor and the cutterhead, so that the cutterhead can be twisted in any direction. Rock breaking research on any advancing direction, jacking force and torque of the cutterhead and cutter types and arrangement modes can be achieved, the whole rock breaking process of the cutterhead is monitored in real time so that the optimal combination of rock breaking efficiency can be obtained, and the application has great practical research significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of simulation test of TBM cutter head rock breaking, in particular to a simulation test device for TBM cutter head rock breaking. Background Art

[0002] TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) full-face tunnel boring machine is a construction method for tunnel construction. Its main construction process is in a hard rock environment, using the hob on the rotating cutter head of the full-face tunnel boring machine to extrude, shear and break rocks, picking up the rock debris by the bucket teeth on the rotating cutter head, falling onto the mainframe belt conveyor and transporting it backward, and then transporting the slag to the outside of the tunnel through a traction slag truck or a tunnel continuous belt conveyor.

[0003] Currently, in the research on changing the excavation diameter of the cutter head, the patent with the publication number CN204691777U has designed a variable-diameter TBM cutter head to prevent shield jamming, but this solution cannot fix the rock well, resulting in low rock-breaking efficiency. The patent with the publication number CN112903505A has solved the problem of low rock-breaking efficiency caused by the lack of fixing the rock. However, the current research on TBM cutter head rock breaking is relatively single, and it is difficult to obtain the optimal combination method of TBM cutter head rock-breaking efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology still needs to be improved and developed. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a solution aiming at the above defects of the existing technology, aiming to solve the problem that the existing simulation test device has a relatively single research on TBM cutter head rock breaking.

[0006] The present application provides a simulation test device for TBM cutter head rock breaking, adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A simulation test device for TBM cutter head rock breaking, which includes: a horizontal base, a rock box, a transmission system and a transverse hydraulic propulsion system;

[0008] The rock box is arranged on the horizontal base for containing rock masses; the transverse hydraulic propulsion system is arranged on the horizontal base, and the transverse hydraulic propulsion system is used to drive the transmission system to move towards or away from the rock box;

[0009] The transmission system is slidably connected to the horizontal base, the transmission system is located between the transverse hydraulic propulsion system and the rock box and is connected to the transverse hydraulic propulsion system; one side of the transmission system is connected with a cutter head for crushing rock masses and a high-speed camera for real-time monitoring of the rock-breaking process of the cutter head system;

[0010] The transmission system includes a torsion motor and a conversion motor. The torsion motor is respectively connected to the conversion motor and the cutter head, enabling the cutter head to achieve torsion in any direction.

[0011] Further, a tool system is detachably connected to the cutter head.

[0012] Further, the arrangement of the tool system on the cutter head is square.

[0013] Further, the arrangement of the tool system on the cutter head is circular.

[0014] Further, the tool system includes a tool, a tool bearing, and a tool housing. The tool housing is connected to the cutter head. The tool bearing is fixedly connected to the tool housing and rotatably connected to the tool.

[0015] Further, the tool includes a hob or a scraper.

[0016] Further, the horizontal hydraulic propulsion system includes a horizontal reaction frame, a support body, and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder group;

[0017] The horizontal reaction frame is arranged on the horizontal base. The support body is supported between the horizontal reaction frame and the horizontal base. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder group is respectively connected to the horizontal reaction frame and the transmission system, and is used to drive the transmission system to reciprocate in the horizontal direction.

[0018] Further, the transmission system further includes a transmission box, a reducer, a coupling, and a rotational speed sensor;

[0019] The transmission box is slidably connected to the horizontal base. The conversion motor is arranged at the bottom of the transmission box, and the torsion motor is arranged above the conversion motor;

[0020] The torsion motor, the reducer, the coupling, and the rotational speed sensor are all located in the transmission box. The torsion motor, the reducer, the coupling, and the rotational speed sensor are connected in sequence. One end of the rotational speed sensor away from the coupling is connected to the cutter head.

[0021] Further, a vertical hydraulic propulsion system is further included. The vertical hydraulic propulsion system is arranged on the horizontal base and is slidably connected to the rock box. The vertical hydraulic propulsion system is used to fix the rock mass.

[0022] Further, the vertical hydraulic propulsion system includes a vertical reaction frame, a vertical hydraulic steel group, and a compression steel plate;

[0023] The vertical reaction frame is arranged on the horizontal base. The vertical hydraulic steel group is connected to the vertical reaction frame and the compression steel plate. The vertical hydraulic steel group is used to drive the compression steel plate to move reciprocally in the vertical direction. The compression steel plate is slidably connected to the rock box and is used to fix the rock mass.

[0024] The vertical reaction frame is arranged on the horizontal base. The vertical hydraulic steel group is connected to the vertical reaction frame and the compression steel plate and is used to drive the compression steel plate to move reciprocally in the vertical direction; the compression steel plate slides in the rock box and is used to fix the rock mass.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present utility model: In this application, the rock mass is first placed in the rock box, and then the transverse hydraulic propulsion system is used to drive the transmission system to gradually approach the rock box. Then, the cutter head is started to break the rock. Since the transmission system is provided with a torsion motor and a conversion motor during the process, the torsion motor can generate torsion in the horizontal direction, and the conversion motor can convert the torsion in the horizontal direction into torsion in the vertical direction, so as to realize the change of the advancing direction of the cutter head. Research on how to reasonably match the advancing direction, the jacking force and the torque of the cutter head to obtain the optimal combination mode of the rock-breaking efficiency, and conduct tests on all factors affecting the rock-breaking efficiency, which is more in line with the actual situation and has great practical research significance. Moreover, the device is also provided with a high-speed camera, which can monitor the entire rock-breaking process of the cutter head in real time and improve the test accuracy. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the simulation test device for TBM cutter head rock breaking provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a left view of the simulation test device for TBM cutter head rock breaking provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a plan view of the cutter head provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a side view of the cutter head provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cutter tool system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of another arrangement mode of the cutter tool system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Reference numerals: 1, horizontal base; 11, transverse slide rail; 12, pulley; 2, drive system; 21, drive box; 22, torsion motor; 23, conversion motor; 24, reducer; 25, coupling; 26, rotational speed sensor; 27, main bearing; 28, bolt; 3, transverse hydraulic propulsion system; 31, transverse reaction frame; 32, support body; 33, transverse hydraulic cylinder group; 4, vertical hydraulic propulsion system; 41, vertical reaction frame; 42, vertical hydraulic steel group; 43, compression steel plate; 5, cutter head; 51, cutter system; 511, cutter; 512, cutter bearing; 513, cutter housing; 52, inverted T track; 53, cutter track; 6, rock box; 7, high-speed camera. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] This application discloses a simulation test device for TBM cutter head rock breaking. To make the purpose, technical solution and effects of this application clearer and more definite, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not used to limit this application.

[0034] A full-face tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a mechanical construction equipment used for full-face excavation of underground projects. Studying the rock-breaking efficiency of TBM is of great significance for TBM construction. Improving the rock-breaking efficiency can greatly shorten the project time and reduce the project cost. The cutter head layout method, cutter spacing, cutter head advancing direction, and jacking force and torque are all factors affecting the TBM rock-breaking efficiency. At present, the research on TBM rock-breaking tests is relatively single, so the research on TBM efficiency is not accurate enough. Reasonably arranging the cutter head, determining the cutter spacing, changing the advancing direction, and reasonable jacking force and torque can greatly improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the TBM device.

[0035] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the embodiment of this application discloses a simulation test device for TBM cutter head rock breaking, which includes: a horizontal base 1, a drive system 2, a transverse hydraulic propulsion system 3, a vertical hydraulic propulsion system 4, and a rock box 6;

[0036] The rock box 6 is placed on the horizontal base 1 and is used to hold rock masses. The vertical hydraulic propulsion system 4 is arranged on the horizontal base 1 and is slidably connected to the rock box 6. The vertical hydraulic propulsion system 4 is used to fix the rock masses to improve the stability of rock breaking and also prevent the rock masses from flying around during the rock breaking process, enhancing the test safety. The horizontal hydraulic propulsion system 3 is arranged on the horizontal base 1 and is used to drive the transmission system 2 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction. The transmission system 2 is slidably connected to the horizontal base 1. The transmission system 2 is located between the vertical hydraulic propulsion system 4 and the horizontal hydraulic propulsion system 3 and is connected to the horizontal hydraulic propulsion system 3. A cutter head 5 for crushing rock masses and a high-speed camera 7 for real-time monitoring of the rock-breaking process of the cutter head 5 system are connected to one side of the transmission system 2. The transmission system 2 includes a torsion motor 22 and a conversion motor 23. The torsion motor 22 is respectively connected to the conversion motor 23 and the cutter head 5 and is used to realize the torsion of the cutter head 5 in any direction.

[0037] During the test, first, the vertical hydraulic propulsion system 4 is used to fix the rock masses to ensure the stability of rock fragmentation. Then, the horizontal hydraulic propulsion system 3 drives the transmission system 2 to gradually approach the rock box 6. Next, the cutter head 5 is started to break the rock and crush the rock masses. Since the transmission system 2 of the present application is provided with a torsion motor 22 and a conversion motor 23, the torsion motor 22 can generate torsion in the horizontal direction, and the conversion motor 23 can convert the horizontal torsion into vertical torsion, thereby realizing the change of the advancing direction of the cutter head 5 in any direction. Thus, it is possible to conduct research on rock fragmentation on how to reasonably match the advancing direction, the jacking force, and the torque, so as to obtain the optimal combination method of rock fragmentation efficiency, which is of great practical significance. In addition, the device is also provided with a high-speed camera 7, which can conduct real-time monitoring of the entire process of the cutter head 5 breaking the rock, improving the research accuracy.

[0038] In some embodiments, the horizontal hydraulic propulsion system 3 includes a horizontal reaction frame 31, a support body 32, and a horizontal hydraulic cylinder group 33. The horizontal reaction frame 31 is arranged on the horizontal base 1, and the support body 32 is connected between the horizontal reaction frame 31 and the horizontal base 1. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder group 33 is respectively connected to the horizontal reaction frame 31 and the transmission system 2 and is used to drive the transmission system 2 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction.

[0039] The transmission system 2 further includes a transmission case 21, a speed reducer 24, a coupling 25, and a rotational speed sensor 26. Among them, the transmission case 21 is slidably connected to the horizontal base 1. Specifically, a transverse slide rail 11 can be provided on the horizontal base 1, and the transmission case 21 slides on the transverse slide rail 11 through a pulley 12. An electric track can also be used to reduce friction. The torsion motor 22, the conversion motor 23, the speed reducer 24, the coupling 25, and the rotational speed sensor 26 are all located inside the transmission case 21. The torsion motor 22, the speed reducer 24, the coupling 25, and the rotational speed sensor 26 are connected in sequence, and their geometric centers are all at the same height. The torsion motor 22 is arranged above the conversion motor 23. One end of the rotational speed sensor 26 far from the coupling 25 is connected to the cutter head 5 through a main bearing 27.

[0040] In specific implementation, the transverse hydraulic cylinder group 33 drives the transmission case 21 to slide horizontally, and then drives the cutter head 5 to move towards the rock box 6 to achieve rock breaking. Through the torsion motor 22 and the conversion motor 23, the cutter head 5 can perform actions in any direction. The torsion motor 22 generates torsion in the horizontal direction, and the conversion motor 23 can convert the torsion in the horizontal direction into torsion in the vertical direction, thereby driving the cutter head 5 to perform rock breaking. Therefore, it is also applicable in curved tunnels. The transverse hydraulic cylinder group 33 can generate different pushing forces, and the torsion motor 22 can make the cutter head 5 reach different rotational speeds, so that the cutter head 5 has different rock crushing effects on the rock mass. The (torsion) speed reducer 24 controls the rotational speed of the cutter head 5, and the rotational speed sensor 26 detects the rotational speed of the cutter head 5 to clearly master the rotation state of the cutter head 5.

[0041] In some embodiments, the vertical hydraulic propulsion system 4 includes a vertical reaction frame 41, a vertical hydraulic steel group 42, and a compression steel plate 43. The vertical reaction frame 41 is arranged on the horizontal base 1. The vertical hydraulic steel group 42 is respectively connected to the vertical reaction frame 41 and the compression steel plate 43, and is used to drive the compression steel plate 43 to perform reciprocating motion in the vertical direction. The compression steel plate 43 cooperates with the rock box 6 to fix the rock mass.

[0042] An appropriate amount of rock mass is placed in the rock box 6. The vertical hydraulic steel group 42 drives the compression steel plate 43 to move to fix the rock mass and improve the rock breaking stability. Then the cutter head 5 performs rock breaking from one side of the rock box 6. The rock box 6 is made of transparent tempered glass, and the rock breaking process of the cutter head 5 can be clearly seen, which is convenient for the test personnel to observe.

[0043] In some embodiments, the high-speed camera 7 is arranged on one side of the transmission case 21 close to the rock box 6 to real-time monitor the rock breaking process and rock breaking effect of the cutter head 5, and then determine the high or low rock breaking efficiency under different conditions to obtain the best combination method.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the cutter head 5 is detachably connected to the main bearing 27, specifically by bolts 28. A cutting tool system 51 is installed on the cutter head 5, and the cutting tool system 51 is detachably connected to the cutter head 5, specifically by bolts 28, so as to facilitate the replacement of the type of the cutting tool system 51 and the change of the arrangement method. An inverted T-shaped track 52 is provided on the cutter head 5, and the cutting tool system 51 is connected to the inverted T-shaped track 52 by bolts 28 to fix the cutting tool system 51 to the cutter head 5. A cutting tool track 53 is arranged on the surface of the cutter head 5, and the cutting tool system 51 is fixed on the cutting tool track 53. In order to facilitate manual adjustment of the position, the cutting tool track 53 can be replaced with an electric conveyor belt. As Figure 3 and Figure 6 shown, the arrangement of the cutting tool system 51 can be in a square, circular or other shapes. The test personnel can adjust different arrangement methods or types to detect the combination method with high rock-breaking efficiency.

[0045] Specifically, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the cutting tool system 51 includes a cutting tool 511, a tool bearing 512 and a tool housing 513. The tool housing 513 is connected to the cutter head 5, the tool bearing 512 is fixedly connected to the tool housing 513 and rotatably connected to the cutting tool 511. The cutting tool 511 can be a hob or a scraper or other types of cutting tools 511. When exploring the high or low rock-breaking efficiency, the number of hobs can be changed, from more to less or from less to more, and the type of the cutting tool 511 can be changed, and the optimal solution of the rock-breaking combination can be obtained under different torques.

[0046] In addition, different filling materials can be used to fill the gap between the rock mass and the rock box 6 around the test rock mass to better simulate the actual situation. Strain gauges can also be added to the rock mass used for the test, and by analyzing the laws of rock mass stress changes and crack development, the rock-breaking efficiency can be better judged.

[0047] In some embodiments, the steps of the TBM rock-breaking test are as follows:

[0048] Step 1: Assemble the TBM test device. First, place components such as the horizontal base 1, the lateral reaction frame 31, the vertical reaction frame 41, the rock box 6, and the transmission box 21, and build the overall framework;

[0049] Step 2: Connect the support 32 between the lateral reaction frame 31 and the horizontal base 1 by bolts 28, and connect the lateral hydraulic cylinder group 33 to the lateral reaction frame 31 respectively. Then, install the components inside the transmission box 21, namely the torsion motor 22, the conversion motor 23, the reducer 24, the coupling 25 and the rotational speed sensor 26 respectively, and connect the cutter head 5 to one end of the coupling 25 through the main bearing 27. After the assembly is completed, debug it to ensure the normal operation of the device.

[0050] Step 3: Connect the vertical hydraulic steel group 42 to the vertical reaction frame 41, connect the compression steel plate 43 to the end of the vertical hydraulic steel group 42 away from the vertical reaction frame 41, and then conduct debugging to observe whether the compression steel plate 43 works properly. Install the tool system 51 on the cutter head 5, and install the high-speed camera 7 on one side of the transmission case 21, and check whether they are firmly installed.

[0051] Step 4: Put an appropriate amount of rock mass into the rock box 6, start the vertical hydraulic steel group 42 to fix the rock mass, then start the torsion motor 22 to make the cutter head 5 reach the specified rotation speed, and then drive the transmission case 21 through the horizontal hydraulic propulsion system 3 to drive the cutter head 5 to tunnel into the rock mass in the rock box 6 with the specified thrust, while using the high-speed camera 7 to record the entire tunneling process in real time.

[0052] Step 5: When a single rock breaking process ends, record the thrust data, the data of the rotation speed sensor 26, and the broken rock volume data. Then adjust the horizontal hydraulic cylinder group 33 back to the initial position to separate the cutter 511 from the rock mass, adjust the vertical hydraulic steel group 42 back to the initial position, and turn off the torsion motor 22, and clean the broken rock in the rock box 6.

[0053] Step 6: Change the conditions affecting the rock breaking efficiency, such as the spacing between the cutters 511, the number of cutters 511, the type of cutters 511, the rotation speed of the torsion motor 22, the thrust of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder group, etc., and repeat the operations in Step 4 and Step 5.

[0054] Step 7: Process and analyze the data to obtain the optimal combination method of the broken rock efficiency in the rock breaking simulation test.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages:

[0056] 1. This application can truly simulate the influencing conditions on the rock breaking efficiency during the tunneling of a real TBM and give methods to improve the efficiency. During the specific test, first put the rock mass into the rock box 6, and then use the vertical hydraulic propulsion system 4 to fix the rock mass to ensure the stability of broken rock and the safety of the test. Then use the horizontal hydraulic propulsion system 3 to drive the transmission system 2 to gradually approach the rock box 6, and then start the cutter head 5 to break the rock. Because the transmission system 2 is provided with a torsion motor 22 and a conversion motor 23, the torsion motor 22 can generate torsion in the horizontal direction, and the conversion motor 23 can convert the horizontal torsion into vertical torsion, so as to realize the change of any advancing direction of the cutter head 5, and conduct research on the broken rock of how to reasonably match the advancing direction, thrust and torque of the cutter head 5 to obtain the optimal combination method of the broken rock efficiency, which has great practical research significance. Moreover, this device is also provided with a high-speed camera 7, which can monitor the entire process of the cutter head 5 breaking the rock in real time, improving the research accuracy.

[0057] 2. The layout mode, type, and tool spacing of the tool system can all be changed. The rock-breaking research is carried out in cooperation with the cutterhead forward direction, jacking force, and torque to obtain the optimal combination of rock-breaking efficiency. All the factors affecting the rock-breaking efficiency are studied to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the TBM.

[0058] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or transformations can be made according to the above description, and all such improvements and transformations shall fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation test device for rock breaking by a TBM cutterhead, characterized in that: include: horizontal base, rock box, transmission system and transverse hydraulic propulsion system; The rock box is arranged on the horizontal base and is used to hold the rock mass; the transverse hydraulic propulsion system is arranged on the horizontal base and is used to drive the transmission system to move toward or away from the rock box; The transmission system is slidably connected to the horizontal base, and the transmission system is located between the transverse hydraulic propulsion system and the rock box, and is connected to the transverse hydraulic propulsion system; one side of the transmission system is connected to a cutter head for crushing rock mass, and a high-speed camera for real-time monitoring of the rock breaking process of the cutter head system; The transmission system comprises a torsion motor and a conversion motor, wherein the torsion motor is connected to the conversion motor and the cutter disc respectively, so that the cutter disc can be twisted in any direction.

2. The simulation test device for rock breaking by a TBM cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter disc is detachably connected with a cutter system.

3. The simulation test device for rock breaking by a TBM cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: The knife system is arranged in a square shape on the knife disc.

4. The simulation test device for rock breaking by a TBM cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: The knife system is arranged in a circular shape on the knife disc.

5. The simulation test device for rock breaking by a TBM cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tool system comprises a tool, a tool bearing and a tool housing. The tool housing is connected to the tool disc. The tool bearing is fixedly connected to the tool housing and is rotatably connected to the tool.

6. The simulation test device for rock breaking by a TBM cutterhead according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tool comprises a rolling cutter or a scraper.

7. The simulation test device for rock breaking by a TBM cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse hydraulic propulsion system includes a transverse reaction frame, a support body and a transverse hydraulic cylinder group; The transverse reaction frame is arranged on the horizontal base, and the support body is supported between the transverse reaction frame and the horizontal base; the transverse hydraulic cylinder group is respectively connected to the transverse reaction frame and the transmission system, and is used to drive the transmission system to reciprocate in the horizontal direction.

8. The TBM cutter head rock breaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system also includes a transmission box, a reducer, a coupling and a speed sensor; The transmission box is slidably connected to the horizontal base, the conversion motor is arranged at the bottom of the transmission box, and the twisting motor is arranged above the conversion motor; The torsion motor, the reducer, the coupling and the speed sensor are all located in the transmission box, and the torsion motor, the reducer, the coupling and the speed sensor are connected in sequence, and the end of the speed sensor away from the coupling is connected to the cutter disc.

9. The TBM cutter head rock breaking simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a vertical hydraulic propulsion system, which is arranged on the horizontal base and is slidingly connected to the rock box. The vertical hydraulic propulsion system is used to fix the rock mass.

10. The TBM cutter head rock breaking simulation test device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The vertical hydraulic propulsion system includes a vertical reaction frame, a vertical hydraulic steel group and a compression steel plate; The vertical reaction frame is arranged on the horizontal base, the vertical hydraulic steel group is connected to the vertical reaction frame and the compression steel plate, the vertical hydraulic steel group is used to drive the compression steel plate to reciprocate in the vertical direction, and the compression steel plate is slidably connected to the rock box to fix the rock mass.

Images