In-hole defect automatic detection equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to in-hole defect automatic detection equipment, which comprises a camera base and a rotary driving mechanism, a shooting camera is detachably mounted on the camera base, and the direction of the central axis of a lens of the shooting camera is consistent with that of the central axis of a to-be-detected processing hole; the rotation driving mechanism structurally comprises a base plate fixedly connected with the camera base, a rotating motor and a hollow rotating shaft are installed on the camera base, and the rotating motor is in transmission connection with the hollow rotating shaft and used for driving the hollow rotating shaft to rotate; the lens and the hollow rotating shaft are coaxial, a reflecting component is installed on the hollow rotating shaft, the lower end of the lens penetrates through the hollow rotating shaft and corresponds to a reflecting surface on the reflecting component, and when the lens shoots, the reflecting surface is located in the machining hole and reflects an inner wall image of the machining hole into the lens. Therefore, under the condition that raw materials are not changed or damaged, the in-hole defect detection is carried out in a pure vision mode, so that the detection equipment is simple in structure, the detection efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost and the maintenance difficulty are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automatic detection, in particular to an automatic detection device for defects in a hole. Background Art

[0002] At present, CFRP materials are widely used in aerospace and military fields, as well as in industrial applications. In the traditional hole processing process, due to the composite structure and difficult-to-cut characteristics of the material, defects such as delamination, burrs and surface roughness are easily generated, which affects the quality and performance of the product. Traditional manual inspection methods often require a lot of manpower and time, and are not accurate enough to meet the needs of industrial production.

[0003] There have been some explorations on the automatic detection of hole processing defects in composite materials. For the detection of hole wall roughness, some detection equipment uses a combination of acoustic, pressure and other sensors, and needs to be equipped with an adaptive mechanical structure. In addition, in a high-noise environment, it may affect the accuracy of the acoustic emission signal, thereby affecting the accuracy and reliability of the detection; there are also methods that use penetrant liquid to form a dye layer on the hole wall, and then use a CNC constant temperature furnace to destroy the matrix. The electrically coupled image sensor converts the layered image into digital information and processes it, and finally generates a three-dimensional model of the hole wall layer. However, the dye stripping process requires the destruction of the matrix, which may affect the overall performance of the composite material.

[0004] The existing in-hole defect detection equipment and detection methods are complex, which increases the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty, and also affects the detection efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides an automatic in-hole defect detection equipment, which can perform in-hole defect detection in a purely visual way without changing or destroying the raw materials, thereby simplifying the structure of the detection equipment, improving the detection efficiency, and reducing the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0007] An automatic hole defect detection device comprises a camera base and a rotation drive mechanism, wherein a shooting camera is detachably mounted on the camera base, and the central axis of the lens of the shooting camera is consistent with the central axis direction of the processed hole to be detected;

[0008] The structure of the rotation drive mechanism is as follows: it includes a base plate fixedly connected to the camera base, a rotation motor and a hollow shaft are installed on the camera base, and the rotation motor is transmission-connected to the hollow shaft to drive the hollow shaft to rotate;

[0009] The lens is coaxial with the hollow rotating shaft. A reflecting component is installed on the hollow rotating shaft. The lower end of the lens passes through the hollow rotating shaft and corresponds to the reflecting surface on the reflecting component. When the lens takes a picture, the reflecting surface is located in the processing hole, and the inner wall image of the processing hole is reflected into the lens.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0011] The hollow rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the substrate, and the output end of the rotating motor is in transmission connection with the hollow rotating shaft through a transmission belt.

[0012] The structure of the camera base is as follows: It includes a fixing plate, two strip-shaped adjustment holes are provided on the fixing plate, the length direction of the adjustment holes is the same as the axial direction of the lens, and it also includes an adjustment plate. The adjustment plate is connected to the fixing plate through a fastener, and the middle part of the fastener is located in the adjustment hole. The shooting camera is installed on the adjustment plate.

[0013] The structure of the reflecting component is as follows: It includes an upper connecting rod connected to the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft. The axial direction of the upper connecting rod is the same as the axial direction of the lens and is located outside the lens. It also includes a lower connecting rod connected to the lower end of the upper connecting rod. A triangular prism is provided at the end of the lower connecting rod. The axial direction of the triangular prism is perpendicular to the axial direction of the lens, and one cylindrical surface of the triangular prism is the reflecting surface.

[0014] An annular light source is installed on the substrate, and the annular light source is coaxial with the lens.

[0015] A positioning camera is provided on one side of the shooting camera. The positioning camera is used to identify the relative position between the processing hole and the shooting camera.

[0016] It also includes a linear movement module. The camera base is installed at the output end of the linear movement module. The linear movement module is used to drive the camera base to move along the axis direction of the lens.

[0017] It also includes a frame arranged at the detection station. An X-direction movement module and a Y-direction movement module are provided on the frame. The output end of the Y-direction movement module is connected to the linear movement module, and the output end of the X-direction movement module is connected to the Y-direction movement module. The X-direction movement module and the Y-direction movement module are used to drive the linear movement module to move in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the lens.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0019] The utility model has a compact and reasonable structure, is convenient to operate, and uses a reflecting surface extending into the processing hole to reflect the image of the inner wall of the processing hole into the lens outside the processing hole. By driving the reflecting component to rotate through the rotation driving mechanism, self-rotation detection is realized, and 360-degree all-round image acquisition in the hole radial direction is carried out. The image collected by the shooting camera is processed to obtain the defect situation in the hole. Without changing or damaging the raw material, the defect detection in the hole is carried out in a pure vision mode, making the detection equipment have a simple structure, improving the detection efficiency, and reducing the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 is a front view of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partially enlarged view at A in

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-rotation detection of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-rotation detection of the utility model (excluding the linear movement module).

[0025] Figure 6 is Figure 5 an exploded view of

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the reflecting component of the utility model.

[0027] Wherein:

[0028] 1. Camera base; 11. Fixed plate; 12. Adjusting hole; 13. Adjusting plate;

[0029] 2. Shooting camera; 21. Lens;

[0030] 3. Positioning camera;

[0031] 4. Rotation driving mechanism; 41. Rotation motor; 42. Substrate; 43. Transmission belt; 44. Hollow rotating shaft;

[0032] 5. Ring light source;

[0033] 6. Reflecting component; 61. Upper connecting rod; 62. Adapter rod; 63. Lower connecting rod; 64. Triangular prism;

[0034] 7. X-direction movement module; 8. Y-direction movement module;

[0035] 9. Linear moving module; 91. Moving motor; 92. Screw rod; 93. Bottom plate; 94. Slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific implementation of the present utility model is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a new efficient and accurate pure visual inspection solution for hole defect detection. The self-rotating reflective surface is inserted into the hole and photographs the inner wall to detect the hole wall defects. It is not affected by environmental noise and other factors, and has high adaptability. It can detect various defects on the hole wall more quickly, thereby improving the detection efficiency and quality.

[0038] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the automatic hole defect detection device of this embodiment includes a camera base 1 and a rotation drive mechanism 4. A shooting camera 2 is detachably mounted on the camera base 1. The central axis of the lens 21 of the shooting camera 2 is consistent with the central axis direction of the processed hole to be detected;

[0039] The structure of the rotation drive mechanism 4 is as follows: it includes a base plate 42 fixedly connected to the camera base 1, a rotation motor 41 and a hollow shaft 44 are mounted on the camera base 1, and the rotation motor 41 is transmission-connected with the hollow shaft 44 to drive the hollow shaft 44 to rotate;

[0040] The lens 21 is coaxial with the hollow rotating shaft 44, and a reflecting component 6 is installed on the hollow rotating shaft 44. The lower end of the lens 21 passes through the hollow rotating shaft 44 and corresponds to the reflecting surface on the reflecting component 6. When the lens 21 is shooting, the reflecting surface is located in the processed hole, and the image of the inner wall of the processed hole is reflected into the lens 21.

[0041] CFRP material is the abbreviation of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer / Plastic, which is characterized by light weight and high strength. This embodiment is suitable for the detection of defects in holes processed by CFRP materials, and is also suitable for the detection of defects in holes processed by other materials.

[0042] Specifically, it also includes an image processing system, the shooting camera 2 is connected to the image processing system, and the pictures taken by the shooting camera 2 are stored in the image processing system, and then a panoramic image of the inner wall of the hole is obtained by image stitching. The image stitching is a prior art and will not be described here. The image processing system processes the panoramic image of the inner wall of the hole to obtain a defect detection result.

[0043] The image processing process can be as follows: annotate information such as layered defects and roughness defects in the panoramic image, construct a defect image database, adopt an intelligent detection method for layered defects based on the YOLOv5 deep learning model architecture, construct an intelligent composite material hole inner wall quality evaluation model based on defect location, conduct an evaluation and analysis of the defects inside the hole, and finally, output the detection results in a visual manner for subsequent processing. The image processing method is a prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0044] A reflecting surface extending into the processing hole is used to reflect the inner wall image of the processing hole into the lens 21 outside the processing hole. The rotating drive mechanism 4 drives the reflecting component 6 to rotate to achieve self-rotation detection, collect 360-degree omnidirectional images in the hole radial direction, process the images collected by the shooting camera 2 to obtain the defect situation inside the hole, and perform defect detection inside the hole in a pure vision manner without changing or damaging the raw material, making the detection equipment simple in structure, improving the detection efficiency, and reducing the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty.

[0045] The advantages of the detection equipment in this embodiment are specifically analyzed as follows:

[0046] First of all, the detection equipment in this embodiment does not require complex sensor and module integration, greatly reducing the manufacturing and maintenance costs, and at the same time reducing the technical complexity, being applicable to production environments of various scales;

[0047] Secondly, the detection equipment in this embodiment realizes non-destructive detection, without damaging the composite material matrix, effectively maintaining the overall performance of the material, and avoiding the problems of material quality and performance decline caused by damaging the matrix in traditional methods, being particularly applicable to application scenarios with high strength and high durability requirements;

[0048] In addition, the detection equipment in this embodiment can adapt to different sizes of hole diameters by adjusting the position of the lens 21, has a wide application range, and adopts a pure vision detection method, being not affected by external factors such as environmental noise, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the detection;

[0049] More importantly, the detection equipment in this embodiment can quickly complete the omnidirectional detection of the defects on the inner wall of the hole, greatly improving the detection efficiency, being suitable for the needs of large-scale industrial production, and helping to improve the overall efficiency and product quality of the production line.

[0050] In summary, through innovative design and optimized functions, this embodiment realizes efficient, accurate, and non-destructive detection of CFRP material hole wall defects, not only improving the detection accuracy and efficiency, but also reducing the production and maintenance costs, and having broad industrial application prospects.

[0051] Furthermore, as Figures 4-6As shown, the hollow rotating shaft 44 is rotatably installed on the substrate 42, and the output end of the rotating motor 41 is drivingly connected to the hollow rotating shaft 44 through a transmission belt 43.

[0052] Specifically, the upper and lower ends of the hollow rotating shaft 44 are installed on the substrate 42 through bearings, which increases the stability and reliability of the detection device, effectively disperses the load of the hollow rotating shaft 44, reduces vibration and friction, and improves the operation stability of the device; the transmission belt 43 is drivingly connected to the middle part of the hollow rotating shaft 44, and the transmission belt 43 can be a synchronous belt.

[0053] Furthermore, as Figures 4-6 shown, the structure of the camera base 1 is: including a fixing plate 11, two strip-shaped adjustment holes 12 are provided on the fixing plate 11, the length direction of the adjustment hole 12 is the same as the axial direction of the lens 21, and further includes an adjustment plate 13, the adjustment plate 13 is connected to the fixing plate 11 through a fastener, the middle part of the fastener is located in the adjustment hole 12, and the shooting camera 2 is installed on the adjustment plate 13.

[0054] By rotating the nut on the fastener, the bolt on the fastener can move up or down in the adjustment hole 12, so as to adjust the position of the shooting camera 2, which can be used to adjust the focal length of the lens 21, making the adjustment of the detection device more flexible and accurate, and providing a convenient and reliable adjustment experience for users. Specifically, the adjustment hole 12 is an oblong hole.

[0055] Furthermore, as Figures 3-7 shown, the structure of the reflection component 6 is: including an upper connecting rod 61 connected to the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft 44, the axial direction of the upper connecting rod 61 is the same as the axial direction of the lens 21 and is located outside the lens 21, and further includes a lower connecting rod 63 connected to the lower end of the upper connecting rod 61, a triangular prism 64 is provided at the end of the lower connecting rod 63, the axial direction of the triangular prism 64 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the lens 21, and one cylindrical surface of the triangular prism 64 is a reflection surface.

[0056] Specifically, the upper connecting rod 61 and the lower connecting rod 63 are connected through an adapter rod 62, the upper connecting rod 61 and the lower connecting rod 63 are parallel to each other, and the lower connecting rod 63 is located below the middle part of the hollow rotating shaft 44; the included angle between the reflection surface and the axis of the lens 21 is 45 degrees.

[0057] The upper connecting rod 61, the lower connecting rod 63 and the adapter rod 62 form a bracket structure for connecting the triangular prism 64 and the hollow rotating shaft 44, so that the reflection surface rotates with the hollow rotating shaft 44, and the center of the reflection surface is located on the axis of the lens 21, ensuring that the triangular prism 64 can rotate stably and accurately coaxially with the center of the lens 21, which is convenient for comprehensively shooting and detecting the inner wall of the processing hole.

[0058] The rotating electric machine 41 is a servo motor, and its high-precision control ability can ensure the smoothness and accuracy of the rotational movement, further improving the detection accuracy and efficiency.

[0059] Furthermore, as Figures 4-6 shown, an annular light source 5 is installed on the substrate 42, and the annular light source 5 is coaxial with the lens 21.

[0060] Specifically, the inner diameter of the annular light source 5 is larger than the outer diameter of the lens 21.

[0061] The annular light source 5 provides uniform illumination, enabling light to irradiate the target area evenly from different angles, eliminating the detection errors caused by uneven light, and further improving the quality and accuracy of the detection image by precisely adjusting the imaging camera 2 and the lens 21, thereby accurately identifying various defects on the inner wall of the hole. In the case of a smaller processed hole diameter, the annular light source provides uniform and sufficient light inside the hole, avoiding the detection errors caused by uneven light in traditional detection methods.

[0062] Furthermore, as Figures 1-6 shown, a positioning camera 3 is arranged on one side of the imaging camera 2, and the positioning camera 3 is used to identify the relative position between the processed hole to be detected and the imaging camera 2.

[0063] First, the position of the processed hole to be detected is located, and then through the adjustment of the relative distance, it is ensured that the imaging camera 2 can find the required position more quickly and accurately. The triangular prism 64 is quickly and accurately positioned and moved to the target position according to the relative distance between the lens of the positioning camera 3 and the center of the lens 21, improving the detection speed and accuracy. This design enables the positioning camera 3 and the imaging camera 2 to work together to quickly and accurately position the processed hole in an optimized manner, providing efficient and reliable support for the detection process.

[0064] The drive structure for automatically moving the position of the triangular prism 64 is as follows:

[0065] As Figures 1-4 shown, the automatic hole defect detection device of this embodiment further includes a linear movement module 9. The camera base 1 is installed at the output end of the linear movement module 9, and the linear movement module 9 is used to drive the camera base 1 to move along the axis direction of the lens 21.

[0066] Specifically, the structure of the linear movement module 9 includes a base plate 93. A lead screw 92 is rotatably installed on the base plate 93. A movement motor 91 is also installed on the base plate 93. The output end of the movement motor 91 is in transmission connection with the end of the lead screw 92. A slider 94 is slidably installed on the base plate 93. The middle part of the slider 94 is in transmission connection with the lead screw 92. The axial direction of the lead screw 92 is the same as the axial direction of the lens 21. A guide rail slidably connected to the slider 94 is installed on the base plate 93. Driven by the movement motor 91, the lead screw 92 rotates, driving the slider 94 to move relative to the base plate 93.

[0067] The linear movement module 9 drives the lens 21 to move along the axis of the processing hole, so that the detection range covers the entire inner wall of the processing hole with a relatively deep depth.

[0068] It further includes a frame arranged at the detection station. An X-direction movement module 7 and a Y-direction movement module 8 are arranged on the frame. The output end of the Y-direction movement module 8 is connected to the linear movement module 9. The output end of the X-direction movement module 7 is connected to the Y-direction movement module 8. The X-direction movement module 7 and the Y-direction movement module 8 are used to drive the linear movement module 9 to move in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the lens 21.

[0069] Specifically, the X-direction movement module 7, the Y-direction movement module 8 and the linear movement module 9 have the same structure. The base plate 93 of the linear movement module 9 is fixedly connected to the slider 94 of the Y-direction movement module 8. The base plate 93 of the Y-direction movement module 8 is fixedly connected to the slider 94 of the X-direction movement module 7, which can realize that the triangular prism 64 can move and be positioned along three directions, thus ensuring the comprehensive detection of all processing holes in the working area.

[0070] As Figure 1 shown, the structure of the frame includes a base plate arranged at the detection station, and a plurality of support legs installed on the base plate. The guide rail of the X-direction movement module 7 is installed at the upper end of the support legs. This connection method can enhance the rigidity of the overall structure, effectively prevent the shaking or deformation of the frame during the detection work, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the detection process.

[0071] As Figures 1-3 shown, the working process of the detection device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0072] Place the CFRP material with multiple processing holes under the middle part of the frame;

[0073] The shooting camera 2 shoots the CFRP material to judge the position of the target processing hole relative to the lens 21;

[0074] The control system of the detection device controls the X-direction moving module 7 and the Y-direction moving module 8 to drive the linear moving module 9 to move above the target processing hole, so that the lens 21 is directly above the target processing hole and coaxial with the processing hole;

[0075] The control system of the detection device controls the Y-direction moving module 8 to move the camera base 1 towards the target processing hole and insert the triangular prism 64 into the processing hole;

[0076] The rotation motor 41 starts to drive the hollow rotating shaft 44 to rotate. At the same time, the shooting camera 2 starts to collect images;

[0077] After the hollow rotating shaft 44 rotates 360 degrees, the rotation motor 41 stops, and the shooting camera 2 stops. The linear moving module 9 drives the triangular prism 64 to move, and the moving distance is adapted to the size of the reflecting surface;

[0078] The rotation motor 41 starts to drive the hollow rotating shaft 44 to rotate. At the same time, the shooting camera 2 starts to collect images of the side walls at adjacent positions along the axial direction of the processing hole;

[0079] After the inner wall of the processing hole is photographed, the image processing system processes the image to obtain the defect detection result.

[0080] The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the invention. The scope defined by the present invention is referred to the claims. Any form of modification can be made within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic detection device for in-hole defects, characterized in that: The invention comprises a camera base (1) and a rotation drive mechanism (4), wherein a shooting camera (2) is detachably mounted on the camera base (1), and the central axis of a lens (21) of the shooting camera (2) is in the same direction as the central axis of a machining hole to be inspected; the rotation drive mechanism (4) comprises a base plate (42) fixedly connected to the camera base (1), a rotation motor (41) and a hollow rotating shaft (44) are mounted on the camera base (1), and the rotation motor (41) is transmission-connected to the hollow rotating shaft (44) and is used to drive the hollow rotating shaft (44) to rotate; The lens (21) is coaxial with the hollow rotating shaft (44); a reflective component (6) is mounted on the hollow rotating shaft (44); the lower end of the lens (21) passes through the hollow rotating shaft (44) and corresponds to a reflective surface on the reflective component (6); when the lens (21) is shooting, the reflective surface is located in the processing hole, and reflects an image of the inner wall of the processing hole into the lens (21).

2. The automatic hole defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow rotating shaft (44) is rotatably mounted on the base plate (42), and the output end of the rotating motor (41) is transmission-connected to the hollow rotating shaft (44) via a transmission belt (43).

3. The automatic hole defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The camera base (1) has the following structure: it comprises a fixing plate (11), the fixing plate (11) is provided with two adjustment holes (12), the length direction of the adjustment holes (12) is the same as the axial direction of the lens (21), and it also comprises an adjustment plate (13), the adjustment plate (13) is connected to the fixing plate (11) by a fastener, the middle part of the fastener is located in the adjustment hole (12), and the shooting camera (2) is mounted on the adjustment plate (13).

4. The automatic hole defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structure of the reflecting component (6) is as follows: it includes an upper connecting rod (61) connected to the lower end of the hollow rotating shaft (44), the axial direction of the upper connecting rod (61) is consistent with the axial direction of the lens (21), and is located outside the lens (21), and also includes a lower connecting rod (63) connected to the lower end of the upper connecting rod (61), a triangular prism (64) is arranged at the end of the lower connecting rod (63), the axial direction of the triangular prism (64) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the lens (21), and one cylindrical surface of the triangular prism (64) is the reflecting surface.

5. The automatic hole defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular light source (5) is mounted on the substrate (42), and the annular light source (5) is coaxial with the lens (21).

6. The automatic hole defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning camera (3) is provided on one side of the shooting camera (2), and the positioning camera (3) is used to identify the relative position between the processing hole and the shooting camera (2).

7. The automatic hole defect detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a linear motion module (9), the camera base (1) being mounted on an output end of the linear motion module (9), and the linear motion module (9) being used to drive the camera base (1) to move along the axial direction of the lens (21).

8. The automatic hole defect detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a frame arranged at the detection station, wherein an X-direction moving module (7) and a Y-direction moving module (8) are arranged on the frame, wherein the output end of the Y-direction moving module (8) is connected to the linear moving module (9), and the output end of the X-direction moving module (7) is connected to the Y-direction moving module (8), and the X-direction moving module (7) and the Y-direction moving module (8) are used to drive the linear moving module (9) to move in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the lens (21).

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