All-solid-state battery
By separating the battery cell assembly and adsorbent in different chambers in an all-solid-state battery and connecting it with a waterproof and breathable membrane, the safety hazards of hydrogen sulfide gas generation and the problem of battery performance degradation is solved, and the dual guarantee of safety and performance is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421770485.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Sulfide materials in existing all-solid state batteries are sensitive to moisture, resulting in the formation of hydrogen sulfide gas, pose safety hazards and affect battery performance. Insufficient quality or improper form of existing adsorbents can easily lead to leakage or degradation of electrical performance.
Design an all-solid state battery structure, separate the cell assembly and adsorbent in different chambers, and connect with waterproof and breathable membranes to ensure sufficient adsorbent and only allow gas to pass through, avoiding liquid or solid contact with the cell assembly.
It realizes sufficient adsorption of hydrogen sulfide gas to prevent it from overflowing or contacting the battery cell assembly, maintains stable battery performance, and avoids safety hazards and degradation of electrical performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN223052181U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a all-solid-state battery. Background Art
[0002] Sulfide all-solid-state batteries have broad prospects because they may have high energy density, greater durability and longer life. However, sulfide-based materials have poor chemical stability and are sensitive to moisture in the air. Therefore, when the sulfide all-solid-state battery is in operation and the electrolyte is exposed to moisture due to reasons such as seal failure, it is very likely to generate highly toxic hydrogen sulfide gas, which poses a great threat to the personal safety of users. Although the electrolyte material can be made in a moisture-controlled environment, it is almost impossible to completely avoid the connection between the electrolyte and the external environment or limit the moisture exposure over time in the actual application process. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce a hydrogen sulfide protection structure into the system to eliminate the hydrogen sulfide that may be generated during long-term use.
[0003] Currently, generally, a hydrogen sulfide adsorption structure is added to the accommodation space of the cell assembly to achieve the inhibition and management of hydrogen sulfide. On the one hand, since the hydrogen sulfide adsorbent has the best adsorption effect when made into a powder form, a carrier structure, such as a sponge, is needed to support the powder. In order to minimize the occupation of the accommodation space of the cell assembly, the amount of the supported adsorbed powder is often not too much. However, due to the strong fluidity of hydrogen sulfide gas, and 50-120 ppm can cause olfactory paralysis to the exposed personnel, and 400 ppm can cause the exposed personnel to die in a short time. If the amount of the adsorbed powder is insufficient, there may still be a certain amount of hydrogen sulfide leakage. In addition, if the powdered hydrogen sulfide adsorbent falls on the cell assembly, it will affect the electrical performance of the cell assembly.
[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design an all-solid-state battery to solve the above problems. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an all-solid-state battery, which can ensure that there is sufficient sulfide adsorbent inside the battery and avoid the contact between the sulfide adsorbent and the cell, so as to ensure that the performance of the battery is not affected.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0007] An all-solid-state battery, comprising:
[0008] A packaging member, which forms a second chamber communicating with a first chamber inside.
[0009] The battery cell assembly and the adsorbent. The above battery cell assembly is accommodated in the above first chamber, the above adsorbent is accommodated in the above second chamber, and the above adsorbent can adsorb hydrogen sulfide; a waterproof and breathable film is provided between the above first chamber and the above second chamber.
[0010] As an optional solution, a channel is provided between the above first chamber and the above second chamber, the above waterproof and breathable film is arranged in the above channel, the above channel has two openings respectively facing the above first chamber and the above second chamber, and the above waterproof and breathable film covers at least one opening of the above channel.
[0011] As an optional solution, the above waterproof and breathable film is bonded to the side wall of the above first chamber and / or the above second chamber to cover the opening of the above channel.
[0012] As an optional solution, the above package is circumferentially sealed; and / or
[0013] The above adsorbent is in powder form.
[0014] As an optional solution, the above package is rectangular, the two opposite sides of the above package along the first direction respectively extend out a total positive electrode and a total negative electrode, both the above total positive electrode and the above total negative electrode are electrically connected to the above battery cell assembly, the two opposite sides of the above package along the second direction are respectively provided with two of the above second chambers, each of the above second chambers is communicated with the above first chamber, and the above adsorbent is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the above second chamber.
[0015] As an optional solution, the above package includes a first sealing layer and a second sealing layer, the above first sealing layer and the above second sealing layer are buckled with each other, the above first sealing layer protrudes towards the side away from the above second sealing layer to form a first groove, and the groove wall of the above first groove and a part of the surface of the above second sealing layer facing the above first sealing layer jointly enclose the above second chamber.
[0016] As an optional solution, the above second sealing layer protrudes towards the side away from the above first sealing layer to form a second groove, and the groove walls of the above first groove and the above second groove jointly enclose the above second chamber.
[0017] As an optional solution, the above battery cell assembly includes a plurality of battery cells stacked, and at least two adjacent battery cells among the plurality of above battery cells are provided with a heat dissipation layer therebetween.
[0018] As an optional solution, the above heat dissipation layer is a graphene aerogel layer.
[0019] As an optional solution, the thickness of the above heat dissipation layer is G, and 0.5 mm ≤ G ≤ 5 mm.
[0020] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0021] The present utility model provides a all-solid-state battery. By separating a first chamber and a second chamber, and the first chamber and the second chamber are in communication. An electric core assembly is disposed in the first chamber, and an adsorbent is disposed in the second chamber. Thus, there is sufficient space in the second chamber to place the adsorbent, ensuring sufficient adsorption of hydrogen sulfide, avoiding unreacted hydrogen sulfide from overflowing. Additionally, since the first chamber and the second chamber are separated, and a waterproof and breathable membrane is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber, gas can freely shuttle between the two. Hydrogen sulfide can enter the second chamber and be adsorbed by the adsorbent, while liquid or solid cannot pass through the waterproof and breathable membrane, making it difficult for the adsorbent located in the second chamber to enter the first chamber, and thus not contacting the electric core assembly in the first chamber, thereby preventing the contact between the adsorbent and the electric core assembly from causing a decline in the electrical performance of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] In order to more clearly and understandably illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. The following described drawings are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
[0023] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the all-solid-state battery provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 is a longitudinal-sectional view of the all-solid-state battery provided by the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 is a longitudinal-sectional view of the all-solid-state battery provided by another embodiment of the present utility model in the longitudinal section position in the X direction;
[0026] Figure 4 is a longitudinal-sectional view of the all-solid-state battery provided by the embodiment of the present utility model in the longitudinal section position in the Y direction.
[0027] In the figure:
[0028] 10. Encapsulation member; 11. Channel; 12. First chamber; 13. First sealing layer; 131. First groove; 14. Second sealing layer; 141. Second groove; 15. Second chamber;
[0029] 20. Electric core assembly; 21. Electric core;
[0030] 22. Heat dissipation layer; 23. Positive electrode; 24. Negative electrode;
[0031] 30. Total positive electrode; 40. Total negative electrode; 50. Waterproof and breathable membrane. Detailed implementation manners
[0032] The present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model, rather than limiting the present utility model. In addition, it should be noted that, for the sake of convenience of description, only the parts related to the present utility model rather than all the structures are shown in the accompanying drawings.
[0033] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.
[0034] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above the top of", and "on the top of" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below the bottom of", and "under the bottom of" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.
[0035] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationships such as "above", "below", "left", and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and do not have special meanings.
[0036] In a solid-state battery, the substances in the electrolyte are likely to react with water to generate toxic hydrogen sulfide gas. In the prior art, the amount of hydrogen sulfide adsorption substances set is insufficient, and there is still a risk of leakage of a small amount of hydrogen sulfide gas. Although the amount is small, for the human body, it is sufficient to cause poisoning or even death. Moreover, when the hydrogen sulfide adsorption substances are placed in powder form, if they come into contact with the cell assembly, it is likely to cause a decline in the electrical performance of the battery.
[0037] To solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a all-solid-state battery, which can ensure that sufficient sulfide adsorbing substances are placed inside the battery, and avoid contact between the sulfide adsorbent and the battery cell 21, ensuring that the performance of the battery is not affected. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the all-solid-state battery includes a packaging member 10, a battery cell assembly 20, and an adsorbent member (not shown). A second chamber 15 communicating with the first chamber 12 is formed inside the packaging member 10; the battery cell assembly 20 is accommodated in the first chamber 12, the adsorbent member is accommodated in the second chamber 15, the adsorbent member can adsorb hydrogen sulfide, and a waterproof and breathable membrane 50 is provided between the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 15.
[0038] In the above all-solid-state battery, by separating the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 15, and the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 15 are communicated. The battery cell assembly 20 is accommodated in the first chamber 12, and the adsorbent member is accommodated in the second chamber 15. Thus, there can be sufficient space in the second chamber 15 to place the adsorbent member, ensuring sufficient adsorption of hydrogen sulfide and avoiding the overflow of unreacted hydrogen sulfide. In addition, since the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 15 are separated, and a waterproof and breathable membrane 50 is provided between the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 15, gas can freely shuttle between the two, hydrogen sulfide can enter the second chamber 15 and be adsorbed by the adsorbent member, while liquid or solid cannot pass through the waterproof and breathable membrane 50, so that the adsorbent member located in the second chamber 15 cannot enter the first chamber 12, and thus will not contact the battery cell assembly 20 in the first chamber 12, thereby preventing the contact between the adsorbent member and the battery cell assembly 20 from causing a decrease in the electrical performance of the battery.
[0039] Optionally, the adsorbent member is in powder form. With the above arrangement, the powder-shaped adsorbent member has a larger contact surface area with the gas. In the case of the same amount of adsorbent member, the powder-shaped one can adsorb more hydrogen sulfide than other shaped adsorbent members. Of course, in other embodiments, the adsorbent member can also be in block form, such as a cube or a cylinder, etc., and the specific shape is not limited herein.
[0040] Optionally, a channel 11 is provided between the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 15, the waterproof and breathable membrane 50 is disposed in the channel 11, the channel 11 has two openings respectively facing the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 15, and the waterproof and breathable membrane 50 covers at least one opening of the channel 11. With the above arrangement, a position can be provided for the installation of the waterproof and breathable membrane 50.
[0041] Optionally, the waterproof and breathable membrane 50 is bonded to the side wall of the first chamber 12 and / or the second chamber 15 to cover the opening of the channel 11. It can be understood that the waterproof and breathable membrane 50 is bonded to the side wall of the first chamber 12 and / or the second chamber 15 corresponding to the side of the channel 11, that is, covering the channel 11.
[0042] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the waterproof and breathable film 50 is bonded to one side of the second chamber 15. In other embodiments, the waterproof and breathable film 50 can also be bonded to one side of the first chamber 12, which is not limited herein.
[0043] Optionally, the waterproof and breathable film 50 is a PTFE film, that is, a polytetrafluoroethylene film, which can preferably block the adsorbent inside the second chamber 15 and allow hydrogen sulfide gas to enter the second chamber 15 to react with the adsorbent.
[0044] Optionally, the package 10 is rectangularly arranged. The total positive electrode 30 and the total negative electrode 40 respectively extend from two opposite sides of the package 10 along the first direction (the X direction in the figure). Both the total positive electrode 30 and the total negative electrode 40 are electrically connected to the battery cell assembly 20. Two second chambers 15 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the package 10 along the second direction (the Y direction in the figure, and the Y direction is perpendicular to the X direction). Each second chamber 15 communicates with the first chamber 12, and the adsorbents are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second chambers 15. It can be understood that the corresponding parts of the package 10 of the total positive electrode 30 and the total negative electrode 40 and the second chamber 15 are independent of each other. This kind of setting is more convenient for manufacturing and processing. At the same time, when the total positive electrode 30 or the total negative electrode 40 and the second chamber 15 are arranged on one side, the insufficient sealing width causes air leakage; on the other hand, the position of the second chamber 15 is increased, so that the hydrogen sulfide gas overflowing from the first chamber 12 can enter the second chamber 15 closer to the generated gas to react with the adsorbent, that is, the distance from the generation position to the adsorption position of the hydrogen sulfide gas is shortened.
[0045] Optionally, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the package 10 includes a first sealing layer 13 and a second sealing layer 14 that are buckled with each other. The first sealing layer 13 protrudes away from the second sealing layer 14 to form a first groove 131. The groove wall of the first groove 131 and a part of the surface of the second sealing layer 14 facing the first sealing layer 13 jointly enclose the second chamber 15. Through the above setting, when the all-solid-state battery is in use, the second sealing layer 14 is placed upward and the first sealing layer 13 is placed downward. Under the action of gravity, the adsorbent falls into the second chamber 15. When the second chamber 15 is full of adsorbents, the adsorbent will not enter the first chamber 12 from the position of the channel 11 between the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 15, further avoiding the adsorbent from scattering from the second chamber 15 into the first chamber 12.
[0046] In another embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the second encapsulation layer 14 bulges towards the side away from the first encapsulation layer 13 to form a second groove 141, and the groove walls of the first groove 131 and the second groove 141 jointly enclose a second chamber 15. Through the above arrangement, the second chamber 15 can have the same thickness as the first chamber 12 in the thickness direction, appropriately increasing the accommodation space of the second chamber 15 and appropriately reducing the size of the package 10 in the first direction.
[0047] Optionally, a substance for adsorbing water vapor can also be added to the adsorbent. Thus, water vapor can be prevented from entering the first chamber 12 from the second chamber 15, fundamentally avoiding the contact between the electrolyte and water vapor, and further preventing the generation of hydrogen sulfide.
[0048] In addition, as Figure 4 shown, the battery cell assembly 20 includes a plurality of battery cells 21. Each battery cell 21 has a positive electrode 23 and a negative electrode 24. The lithium metal in the negative electrode 24 will react with oxygen to form lithium oxide. Lithium oxide is an insulating substance, resulting in the inability of the lithium ions that form lithium oxide to perform ion exchange. In addition, the sulfide in the electrolyte will react with oxygen, and oxygen will replace a part of sulfur, resulting in a decrease in conductivity. Moreover, oxygen will cause the electrolyte to catch fire at high temperatures.
[0049] To solve the above problems, a substance for adsorbing oxygen can also be added to the adsorbent, which can avoid the reaction between oxygen and lithium metal, avoid the reaction between sulfide and oxygen, and at the same time avoid oxygen from becoming an ignition assistant for the electrolyte to catch fire.
[0050] For all-solid-state batteries, due to their higher internal resistance than liquid batteries, there is a serious temperature rise effect during fast charging and discharging, which is not conducive to the stable operation of the battery. Generally, a suitable heat dissipation layer 22 and a heat insulation layer will be provided in the battery to play a temperature control role. However, this layer is far from the inside of the battery cell assembly 20, and the heat conduction effect is poor, making it difficult to meet the requirements.
[0051] To solve the above problems, as Figure 4 shown, the battery cell assembly 20 includes a plurality of battery cells 21 stacked. At least two adjacent battery cells 21 among the plurality of battery cells 21 are provided with a heat dissipation layer 22. By providing the heat dissipation layer 22 inside the battery cell assembly 20, heat can be more quickly transferred from the inside of the battery cell assembly 20 to the surface, thereby maintaining the temperature uniformity of the battery cell assembly 20. Compared with traditional laminated or wound batteries, the heat dissipation effect is better, and the solid electrolyte does not have fluidity, avoiding the risk of corrosion of the heat dissipation layer 22.
[0052] Optionally, the heat dissipation layer 22 is a graphene aerogel layer, which can achieve the effect of stress homogenization, and the force transmission inside the battery cell assembly 20 is more controllable and consistent, which helps to improve the cycle stability of the battery cell assembly 20.
[0053] Optionally, asFigure 4 As shown, the thickness of the heat dissipation layer 22 is G, where 0.5 mm ≤ G ≤ 5 mm. Here, when G > 5, the increase in the overall thickness of the battery cell assembly 20 is relatively obvious, which is not conducive to reducing the thickness of the battery cell assembly 20. When G < 0.5, the effects of heat dissipation and stress uniformity are poor. Therefore, the range of G is set to 0.5 ≤ G ≤ 5. Exemplarily, the value of G can be selected as 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, etc. Preferably, 1 ≤ G ≤ 3. More preferably, G = 1.2. When the heat dissipation layer 22 is too thin, it cannot withstand the volume expansion change during the operation of the battery cell assembly 20, and it is difficult to evenly transfer the force. When the heat dissipation layer 22 is too thick, the aerogel will be severely deformed during the battery pressurization process, affecting the internal structure of the battery.
[0054] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various obvious changes, re-adjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. All-solid-state battery, characterized in that: include: A packaging member (10) having a second chamber (15) formed therein that communicates with the first chamber (12); A battery cell assembly (20) and an adsorbent, wherein the battery cell assembly (20) is accommodated in the first chamber (12), and the adsorbent is accommodated in the second chamber (15), and the adsorbent is capable of adsorbing hydrogen sulfide; a waterproof and breathable membrane (50) is provided between the first chamber (12) and the second chamber (15).
2. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A channel (11) is provided between the first chamber (12) and the second chamber (15); the waterproof breathable membrane (50) is arranged in the channel (11); the channel (11) has two openings facing the first chamber (12) and the second chamber (15) respectively; and the waterproof breathable membrane (50) covers at least one opening of the channel (11).
3. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waterproof and breathable membrane (50) is bonded to the side wall of the first chamber (12) and / or the second chamber (15) to cover the opening of the channel (11).
4. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packaging member (10) is provided with a circumferential sealing arrangement; and / or The adsorbent is in powder form.
5. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The package (10) is arranged in a rectangular shape, and a total positive electrode (30) and a total negative electrode (40) are respectively extended from two opposite sides of the package (10) along a first direction, and the total positive electrode (30) and the total negative electrode (40) are both electrically connected to the battery cell assembly (20). Two second chambers (15) are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the package (10) along a second direction, and each of the second chambers (15) is connected to the first chamber (12), and the adsorption member is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the second chamber (15).
6. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The packaging component (10) comprises a first sealing layer (13) and a second sealing layer (14); the first sealing layer (13) and the second sealing layer (14) are interlocked; the first sealing layer (13) protrudes toward a side away from the second sealing layer (14) to form a first groove (131); the groove wall of the first groove (131) and a part of the surface of the second sealing layer (14) facing the first sealing layer (13) together enclose the second chamber (15).
7. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second sealing layer (14) protrudes toward a side away from the first sealing layer (13) to form a second groove (141), and the groove wall of the first groove (131) and the groove wall of the second groove (141) jointly enclose the second chamber (15).
8. The all-solid-state battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The battery cell assembly (20) comprises a plurality of battery cells (21) arranged in a stacked manner, and a heat dissipation layer (22) is arranged between at least two adjacent battery cells (21) among the plurality of battery cells (21).
9. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat dissipation layer (22) is a graphene aerogel layer.
10. The all-solid-state battery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the heat dissipation layer (22) is G, 0.5 mm≤G≤5 mm.