Air-blowing type precision seeding device for air-blowing type precision high-speed seeding machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air-blowing type precision seeding device for an air-blowing type precision high-speed seeding machine, and belongs to the technical field of seeding machinery. The air-blowing precision seeder mainly comprises two air-blowing precision seeders which are connected together through a seeding device transmission connection structure, the air-blowing type precision seeder comprises a high-pressure side shell, a rotary seed disc, a low-pressure side shell, a high-pressure maintaining structure and a seed discharging structure; the high-pressure side shell and the low-pressure side shell are connected together to form an air-blowing type precision seeder shell; the seed metering structure comprises a seed metering pipe and a seed suction hole blocking body; the rotary seed disc is rotationally connected with the high-pressure side shell; the high-pressure maintaining structure and the seed suction hole blocking body are connected with the low-pressure side shell; the high-pressure maintaining structure comprises a low-pressure side shell and a low-pressure side inner shell, and the low-pressure side inner shell is rotationally connected with the low-pressure side shell; the seeding device transmission connection structure comprises a seeding device transmission shaft and a driven chain wheel or a driven gear. The device has the characteristics of high working reliability, long service life, low maintenance rate, energy conservation, consumption reduction and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of seeding machinery. Background Art

[0002] The air-blowing precision high-speed seeder uses compressed air to suck seeds into the seed-sucking holes of the rotating seed tray and transports them into the seeding pipe for seeding. It has the advantages of high efficiency and high seeding accuracy. It can process a large number of seeds per hour, saving labor and time costs.

[0003] The product has the following structure: the rotating seed tray of the air-blowing precision seeder is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing. The gap between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed tray forms an annular air pressure leakage gap. The high-pressure maintaining structure is used to prevent gas leakage from the annular air pressure leakage gap, so that the high-pressure air entering from the air high-pressure chamber is discharged through the seed-sucking holes to form a working air flow. Thus, the seed-sucking holes on the air high-pressure chamber side generate an adsorption force on the seeds, and the seeds adsorbed by the seed-sucking holes are transported into the seeding pipe through the rotation of the rotating seed tray for seeding operations.

[0004] The currently adopted high-pressure maintaining structure seals the annular air pressure leakage gap through a rubber sealing ring. The rubber sealing ring is fixed on the low-pressure side housing and is tightly pressed on the gap between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed tray. Its pressing degree should ensure that the leakage of high-pressure air can be blocked.

[0005] There are the following problems: Since the rotating seed tray is in a rotating state during operation, it forms a sliding friction with the rubber sealing ring tightly pressed on its surface. This not only consumes energy due to the rotational resistance generated on the rotating seed tray, but also the sliding friction between the rotating seed tray and the rubber sealing ring causes the friction surface to heat up and wear. Especially, due to the action of heat and friction, the service life of the rubber material of the rubber sealing ring will be severely shortened and it will become a vulnerable part. Since it is fixed inside the seeder housing and is not easily noticed, when it is found that the air flow discharged from the seed-sucking holes is so small due to air leakage of the rubber sealing ring that it cannot adsorb seeds and the seed leakage rate increases, certain economic losses have already occurred, and replacing it requires disassembling the seeder housing, which is time-consuming and laborious.

[0006] The rotating seed tray driving device generally uses a small motor to drive the rotation of the rotating seed tray. Since the sliding friction between the rotating seed tray and the rubber sealing ring increases the power consumption of the motor, currently, a small motor of an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder can only drive one air-blowing precision seeder to work, increasing the manufacturing cost and energy consumption. Summary of the Utility Model

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder, which has the characteristics of high working reliability, long service life, low maintenance rate, energy conservation and consumption reduction, etc.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows:

[0009] An air-blowing type precision sowing device for an air-blowing type precision high-speed seeder, the air-blowing type precision sowing device is mainly composed of two air-blowing type precision seeders connected together through a sowing device transmission connection structure;

[0010] The air-blowing type precision seeder includes a high-pressure side housing, a rotating seed tray, a low-pressure side housing, a high-pressure maintaining structure and a seed discharging structure; the high-pressure side housing is connected to the low-pressure side housing to form an air-blowing type precision seeder housing;

[0011] The seed discharging structure includes a seed discharging pipe and a seed suction hole blocking body;

[0012] The rotating seed tray is arranged in the high-pressure side housing and is rotationally connected to the high-pressure side housing. There is more than one circle of seed suction holes arranged annularly around the rotation axis of the rotating seed tray. The size of the seed suction holes can adsorb one seed on it; there is a cavity between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed tray to form an air high-pressure chamber. The gap between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed tray forms an annular air pressure leakage gap. The high-pressure maintaining structure is used to prevent the annular air pressure leakage gap from relieving pressure. There is a seeder seed inlet on the high-pressure side housing for communicating with the seed outlet of the sowing box, so that the seeds in the sowing box enter the lower part of the air high-pressure chamber. The part of the air high-pressure chamber below the seed supply area for accommodating seeds forms a seed supply area, and the part above the seed supply area in the air high-pressure chamber forms a seed conveying area. There is a rotational fit gap between the rotating seed tray and the high-pressure side housing to prevent seeds from overflowing. There is a high-pressure air inlet on the high-pressure side housing for communicating with a positive pressure generating device, so that high-pressure air enters the air high-pressure chamber. The high-pressure air in the air high-pressure chamber is discharged through the seed suction holes to form a working air flow, so that the seed suction holes on the air high-pressure chamber side generate an adsorption force on the seeds. When the rotating seed tray rotates, the seed suction holes adsorb seeds in the seed supply area. The adsorbed seeds are conveyed from one side of the seed conveying area upward through an arc-shaped seed suction hole rotation track to the seed release position on the other side of the rotating seed tray. The seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe is arranged below the seed release position to receive the seeds released by the seed suction holes rotating to the seed release position and lead them out of the air-blowing type precision seeder housing through the seed discharging pipe;

[0013] The low-pressure side housing is provided with a working pressure relief air flow discharge hole to discharge the air discharged from the seed suction holes. The high-pressure maintaining structure and the seed suction hole blocking body are connected to the low-pressure side housing;

[0014] The high-pressure holding structure includes a low-pressure side housing and a low-pressure side inner housing. The low-pressure side inner housing is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side housing. The rotation axis of the low-pressure side inner housing is on the same straight line as the rotation axis of the rotating seed plate. The cavity formed between the low-pressure side inner housing and the low-pressure side housing is a leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity. The edge part of the low-pressure side housing is hermetically connected to the edge part of the high-pressure side housing. The edge part of the low-pressure side inner housing is hermetically pressed against the edge part of the rotating seed plate, so that the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity forms a sealed structure, so that the gas leaked from the annular air pressure leakage gap is accommodated by the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity, so as to avoid the pressure relief of the annular air pressure leakage gap. Under the action of the frictional force formed by the hermetic pressing of the low-pressure side inner housing and the rotating seed plate, the low-pressure side inner housing rotates with the rotating seed plate around the same rotation axis, so that they form a whole rotation, avoiding relative movement between them, and thus avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction;

[0015] The seed suction hole blocking body is pressed against the seed release position of the rotation track of the seed suction hole, and is used to block the side where air flows out of the seed suction hole, so that the seed suction hole rotated to the position of the seed suction hole blocking body loses the ability to adsorb seeds due to the absence of air flow, so that the seeds fall into the seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe;

[0016] One circle of seed suction holes corresponds to a set of seed discharging structures, so as to realize sowing one row of seeds for one circle of seed suction holes;

[0017] The working pressure relief air flow discharge hole is arranged at the central part where the low-pressure side housing is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side inner housing, so as to avoid interfering with the sealing performance of the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity;

[0018] The transmission connection structure of the sowing device includes a sowing device transmission shaft, a driven sprocket or a driven gear. The driven sprocket or the driven gear is arranged in the middle of the sowing device transmission shaft. The two ends of the sowing device transmission shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating seed plates of two air-blowing precision sowing devices, and are respectively rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housings of the two air-blowing precision sowing devices.

[0019] The further improvement of the present utility model lies in:

[0020] The pneumatic precision seeder is provided with a seeder seed intake regulating device for regulating the seed intake at the seed inlet of the seeder according to the size of the seeds. The seeder seed intake regulating device includes a seed intake regulating plate, a regulating plate positioning spring piece, and a regulating plate outlet sealing structure. The high-pressure side housing is provided with a regulating plate extraction slot hole. A regulating plate positioning groove is provided along the length direction of the seed intake regulating plate. The seed intake regulating plate is inserted or pulled out through the regulating plate extraction slot hole and along a linear guide rail arranged in the high-pressure side housing, so as to adjust the cross-sectional size of the seed inlet of the seeder. The fixed end of the regulating plate positioning spring piece is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing, and its free end is snapped into the regulating plate positioning groove to position the regulating plate positioning spring piece. The regulating plate outlet sealing structure includes a slot hole plugging block and a compression spring. A matching sealing surface is provided between the slot hole plugging block and the edge of the regulating plate extraction slot hole inside the high-pressure side housing. One end of the compression spring is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing, and the other end presses the slot hole plugging block upward in the direction biased towards the seed intake regulating plate, so as to press the seed intake regulating plate against the slot wall of the regulating plate extraction slot hole, and make the slot hole plugging block plug the gap between the regulating plate extraction slot hole and the seed intake regulating plate, thereby reducing the air leakage amount of the regulating plate extraction slot hole.

[0021] The seed suction hole blocking body is an elastic roller arranged inside the low-pressure side housing. The elastic roller presses against the seed release position of the rotation track of the seed suction hole and rotates with the rotating seed tray to block the side where air flows out of the seed suction hole.

[0022] The pneumatic precision seeder is also provided with a residual seed cleaning wheel for cleaning the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction holes below the seed release position. The residual seed cleaning wheel includes a rotating wheel and poking needles arranged at intervals on the rotating wheel. The poking needles are adapted to the size and spacing of the seed suction holes. The residual seed cleaning wheel is arranged inside the low-pressure side housing. The poking needles are inserted into the seed suction holes below the seed release position and form meshing transmission with them. The residual seed cleaning wheel rotates with the rotating seed tray, so that the poking needles are successively inserted into the seed suction holes to eject the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction holes, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of missed seeding.

[0023] The pneumatic precision seeder is provided with a redundant seed interference mechanism for cleaning the redundant seeds adsorbed on the seed suction holes. The redundant seed interference mechanism is arranged on one side of the rotation track of the seed suction holes in the high-pressure side housing and is located above the seed supply area. It includes an interference structure, a guiding rail, an adjustment structure and a redundant seed guiding plate. The interference structure includes an interference base, interference elastic pieces and more than one interference disc. The interference discs are fixed on the interference base through the interference elastic pieces so that the interference discs are close to the rotating seed plate. The guiding rail is arranged between the interference base and the high-pressure side housing. The adjustment structure includes a gear-rack transmission mechanism and a gear rotating shaft. The rack in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixed on the interference base, the gear in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the gear rotating shaft, and the gear rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the high-pressure side housing. The redundant seed guiding plate is arranged above the seed discharging pipe to prevent the redundant seeds scraped off by the interference discs from entering the seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe and guide them into the seed supply area, so that only one seed grain is adsorbed on the seed suction hole to ensure the sowing accuracy.

[0024] The low-pressure side housing and the low-pressure side inner housing are rotatably connected through a bearing. The inner ring of the bearing is fixed to the low-pressure side housing, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixed to the low-pressure side inner housing. The working pressure relief air discharge hole is arranged on the inner ring of the bearing. The elastic roller and the residual seed cleaning wheel are fixed on the inner ring of the bearing through a wheel bracket. The positive pressure generating device is a blower.

[0025] The beneficial effects produced by adopting the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0026] The utility model uses the cavity formed by the rotational connection between the low-pressure side inner housing and the low-pressure side housing as the high-pressure maintaining structure. The edge part of the low-pressure side housing is hermetically connected with the edge part of the high-pressure side housing, and the edge part of the low-pressure side inner housing is hermetically pressed against the edge part of the rotating seed plate, so that the cavity forms a closed structure, and the gas leaked from the annular air pressure leakage gap is accommodated by the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity to avoid pressure relief of the annular air pressure leakage gap. The rotation axis line of the low-pressure side inner housing and the rotation axis line of the rotating seed plate are on the same straight line. Under the action of the frictional force formed by the hermetic pressing between the low-pressure side inner housing and the rotating seed plate, the low-pressure side inner housing rotates with the rotating seed plate around the same rotation axis line, so that they form an integral rotation, avoiding relative movement between them, and thus avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction.

[0027] Compared with the previous method of using a rubber sealing ring to seal the annular air pressure leakage gap as the high-pressure holding structure, it avoids the heat generation and wear of the rubber sealing ring caused by sliding friction between the rotating seed plate and the rubber sealing ring, as well as the rotational resistance generated on the rotating seed plate, thus reducing energy consumption. It also avoids the situation where, due to its fixation inside the seeder housing, it is not easily noticed, and one can only judge that the rubber sealing ring has been severely worn from the increase in the seed leakage rate, resulting in economic losses by the time it is discovered. This makes the high-pressure holding structure a non-vulnerable part, extends its service life, and reduces energy consumption.

[0028] Since the energy consumption caused by friction between the rotating seed plate and the rubber sealing ring is avoided, the power consumption of the motor is reduced. Therefore, this air-blowing type precision seeding device can enable a small motor to drive two air-blowing type precision seeders to work, reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0029] It has the characteristics of high working reliability, long service life, low maintenance rate, energy conservation and consumption reduction. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 is the front view of the air-blowing type precision high-speed seeding machine;

[0031] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the axonometric drawing of

[0032] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the axonometric drawing of

[0033] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the front view of the air-blowing type precision seeder in

[0034] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the A-A sectional view in

[0035] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the partial enlarged view of Ⅰ in

[0036] Figure 7 is Figure 4 the structural schematic diagram inside the high-pressure side housing in

[0037] Figure 8 is Figure 4 the structural schematic diagram of the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed plate in

[0038] Figure 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the seed metering structure and the residual seed cleaning wheel;

[0039] Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the air-blowing type precision seeding device;

[0040] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the seed feeding amount adjusting device and the redundant seed interference mechanism of the seeder;

[0041] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the furrow depth adjusting device;

[0042] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilizing device.

[0043] In the attached drawings: 1. Seeder frame; 2. Pneumatic precision seeder; 3. Seed box; 4. Furrow opener; 5. Fertilizer box; 6. Fertilizer pipe; 7. Fertilizer furrow opener; 8. Depth adjusting device bracket; 9. Depth adjusting screw; 10. Depth adjusting bracket; 11. Vertical sliding guide rail; 12. Wheel set bracket; 13. Front depth limiting wheel; 14. Rear depth limiting wheel; 15. Furrow depth adjusting knob; 16. Ground wheel; 17. Fan; 18. High-pressure side housing; 19. Rotating seed disk; 19-1. Seed suction hole; 20. Low-pressure side housing; 21. Sowing pipe; 22. Air high-pressure chamber; 23. Annular air pressure leakage gap; 24. Seeder seed inlet; 25. Rotational mating gap; 26. High-pressure air inlet; 27. Working pressure relief air flow discharge hole; 28. Low-pressure side inner housing; 29. Sowing device transmission shaft; 30. Driven sprocket; 31. Seeder drive motor; 32. Seed feeding amount adjusting plate; 32-1. Adjusting plate positioning groove; 33. Adjusting plate positioning spring piece; 34. Slot hole plugging block; 35. Compression spring; 36. Redundant seed guiding plate; 37. Interference base; 38. Interference spring piece; 39. Interference disk; 40. Guide rail; 41. Interference disk displacement adjustment handle; 42. Rack; 43. Gear; 44. Elastic roller; 45. Runner; 46. Pricker; 47. Leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity; 48. Outer ring rubber sealing ring; 49. Inner ring rubber sealing ring; 50. Bearing; 51. Wheel bracket. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] The present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the attached drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] For the convenience of description, the pneumatic precision high-speed seeder is taken as an example for detailed introduction.

[0046] All standard parts used in the present utility model can be purchased from the market. Special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the attached drawings. The specific connection methods of each part all adopt conventional means such as bolts, rivets, welding, and pasting that are mature in the prior art, and will not be elaborated here. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0047] As can be seen from the embodiments shown Figures 1 to 13 in this embodiment, the seeder frame 1 is supported by ground wheels 16 and travels on the ground. One or more air-blowing precision seeders 2, a positive pressure generating device, a seed box 3, a rotating seed tray driving device, and a seed furrow opener 4 are provided on the seeder frame 1;

[0048] The air-blowing precision seeder 2 includes a high-pressure side housing 18, a rotating seed tray 19, a low-pressure side housing 20, a high-pressure maintaining structure, and a seed discharging structure; the high-pressure side housing 18 and the low-pressure side housing 20 are connected together to form an air-blowing precision seeder housing;

[0049] The seed discharging structure includes a seed discharging pipe 21 and a seed suction hole blocking body;

[0050] The rotating seed plate 19 is arranged inside the high-pressure side housing 18 and is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing 18. One or more circles of seed suction holes 19-1 are arranged in a circular pattern centered on the rotation axis of the rotating seed plate 19. The size of the seed suction holes 19-1 can allow a single seed to be adsorbed on them. There is a cavity between the high-pressure side housing 18 and the rotating seed plate 19 to form an air high-pressure chamber 22. The gap between the high-pressure side housing 18 and the rotating seed plate 19 forms an annular air pressure leakage gap 23. The high-pressure maintaining structure is used to prevent the annular air pressure leakage gap 23 from relieving pressure. A seeder inlet 24 for communicating with the seed outlet of the seeding box 3 is provided on the high-pressure side housing 18, so that the seeds in the seeding box 3 enter the lower part of the air high-pressure chamber 22. The part of the air high-pressure chamber 22 that accommodates seeds in the lower part forms a seed supply area, and the part above the seed supply area in the air high-pressure chamber 22 forms a seed conveying area. A rotating fit gap 25 for preventing seeds from overflowing is provided between the rotating seed plate 19 and the high-pressure side housing 18. The rotating fit gap 25 cannot allow seeds to fall. The rotating fit gap 25 may not be set around the entire circumference of the rotating seed plate 19. It can be set between the rotating seed plate 19 and the high-pressure side housing 18 in the seed supply area and in the seed conveying area where seeds are likely to overflow due to the disturbance caused by the rotation of the rotating seed plate 19. A high-pressure air inlet 26 for communicating with the positive pressure generating device is provided on the high-pressure side housing 18, so that high-pressure air enters the air high-pressure chamber 22. The high-pressure air in the air high-pressure chamber 22 is discharged through the seed suction holes 19-1 to form a working air flow, so that the seed suction holes 19-1 on the side of the air high-pressure chamber 22 generate an adsorption force on the seeds. When the rotating seed plate driving device drives the rotating seed plate 19 to rotate, the seed suction holes 19-1 adsorb seeds in the seed supply area. The adsorbed seeds are conveyed from one side of the seed conveying area upward along a circular arc-shaped seed suction hole rotation trajectory to the seed release position on the other side of the rotating seed plate 19. The inlet of the seed discharging pipe 21 is arranged below the seed release position to receive the seeds released by the seed suction holes 19-1 that rotate to the seed release position, and lead the seeds out of the air-blowing precision seeder housing through the seed discharging pipe 21; and fall into the seeding furrow opened by the furrow opener 4 of the seed introduction pipe for seeding operation;

[0051] The low-pressure side housing 20 is provided with a working pressure relief air discharge hole 27 to discharge the air discharged from the seed suction holes 19-1. The high-pressure maintaining structure and the seed suction hole blocking body are connected to the low-pressure side housing 20;

[0052] The high-pressure holding structure includes a low-pressure side housing 20 and a low-pressure side inner housing 28. The low-pressure side inner housing 28 is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side housing 20. The rotation axis of the low-pressure side inner housing 28 is on the same straight line as the rotation axis of the rotating seed plate 19. The cavity formed between the low-pressure side inner housing 28 and the low-pressure side housing 20 is the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity 47. The edge part of the low-pressure side housing 20 and the edge part of the high-pressure side housing 18 are sealed and connected through an outer ring rubber sealing ring 48. The edge part of the low-pressure side inner housing 28 and the edge part of the rotating seed plate 19 are sealed and pressed together through an inner ring rubber sealing ring 49, so that the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity 47 forms a sealed structure, so that the gas leaked from the annular air pressure leakage gap 23 is accommodated by the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity 47, to avoid pressure relief of the annular air pressure leakage gap 23. Under the action of the frictional force formed by the sealing and pressing together of the low-pressure side inner housing 28 and the rotating seed plate 19, the low-pressure side inner housing 28 rotates with the rotating seed plate 19 around the same rotation axis, so that they form an integral rotation, avoiding relative movement between them, and thus avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction;

[0053] The seed suction hole blocking body is pressed against the seed release position of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole, and is used to block the side where air flows out of the seed suction hole 19-1 (i.e., the side located in the low-pressure side housing 20), so that the seed suction hole 19-1 rotating to the position of the seed suction hole blocking body loses the ability to adsorb seeds due to no air flow passing through, so that the seeds fall into the seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe 21;

[0054] One circle of seed suction holes 19-1 corresponds to a set of seed discharging structures to realize sowing one row of seeds for one circle of seed suction holes 19-1; Each circle of seed suction holes 19-1 is provided with a seed release position, and a seed discharging pipe 21 is correspondingly provided at each seed release position. When each circle of seed suction holes 19-1 rotates to the seed release position, the side where air flows out of it is blocked by the seed suction hole blocking body, so that each circle of seed suction holes 19-1 completes the sowing operation;

[0055] The working pressure relief air flow discharge hole 27 is arranged at the central part where the low-pressure side housing 20 is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side inner housing 28, so as to avoid interfering with the sealing performance of the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity 47.

[0056] Two air-blowing precision seeders 2 are connected together through a seeding device transmission connection structure to form an air-blowing precision seeding device: The seeding device transmission connection structure includes a seeding device transmission shaft 29, a driven sprocket 30 or a driven gear. The driven sprocket 30 or the driven gear is arranged in the middle of the seeding device transmission shaft 29. The two ends of the seeding device transmission shaft 29 are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating seed plates 19 of the two air-blowing precision seeders 2, and are respectively rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housings 18 of the two air-blowing precision seeders 2.

[0057] The rotating seed plate driving device is the seeding device driving motor. A driving sprocket or a driving gear (not shown in the figure) is provided on the rotating shaft of the seeding device driving motor. The driving sprocket is in transmission connection with a driven sprocket 30 (not shown in the figure) through a seeding device transmission chain, or the driving gear is in meshing connection with a driven gear (not shown in the figure), so that the seeding device driving motor drives the rotating seed plates 19 of the two air-blowing precision seeders 2 to work.

[0058] The rotating seed plate driving device is the seeder driving motor 31. The seeder driving motor 31 is fixed in the high-pressure side housing 18, and the rotating seed plate 19 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the air-blowing precision seeder driving motor 31.

[0059] The air-blowing precision seeder 2 is provided with a seeder seed intake amount adjusting device for adjusting the seed intake amount of the seeder seed inlet 24 according to the size of the seeds. The seeder seed intake amount adjusting device includes a seed intake amount adjusting plate 32, an adjusting plate positioning spring piece 33 and an adjusting plate outlet sealing structure. The high-pressure side housing 18 is provided with an adjusting plate extraction slot hole (not shown in the figure). An adjusting plate positioning groove 32-1 is provided along the length direction of the seed intake amount adjusting plate 32. The seed intake amount adjusting plate 32 is inserted or pulled out through the adjusting plate extraction slot hole and along a linear guide rail (not shown in the figure) arranged in the high-pressure side housing 18, so as to adjust the cross-sectional size of the seeder seed inlet 24. The fixed end of the adjusting plate positioning spring piece 33 is fixed in the high-pressure side housing 18, and its free end is snapped into the adjusting plate positioning groove 32-1 to position the adjusting plate positioning spring piece 33. The adjusting plate outlet sealing structure includes a slot hole plugging block 34 and a compression spring 35. A matching sealing surface is provided between the slot hole plugging block 34 and the edge of the adjusting plate extraction slot hole in the high-pressure side housing 18. One end of the compression spring 35 is fixed in the high-pressure side housing 18, and the other end presses the slot hole plugging block 34 upward in the direction biased towards the seed intake amount adjusting plate 32, so as to press the seed intake amount adjusting plate 32 against the slot wall of the adjusting plate extraction slot hole and make the slot hole plugging block 34 block the gap between the adjusting plate extraction slot hole and the seed intake amount adjusting plate 32, thereby reducing the air leakage amount of the adjusting plate extraction slot hole.

[0060] The seed suction hole blocking body is an elastic roller 44 arranged in the low-pressure side housing 20. The elastic roller 44 presses against the seed release position of the rotation track of the seed suction hole and rotates with the rotating seed plate 19 to block one side where air flows out of the seed suction hole 19-1; thereby avoiding relative movement between the elastic roller 44 and the rotating seed plate 19, and thus avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction.

[0061] The pneumatic precision seeder 2 is also provided with a residual seed cleaning wheel for cleaning the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction holes 19-1 below the seed release position (which fail to fall into the seed metering tube 21). The residual seed cleaning wheel includes a rotating wheel 45 and a poking needle 46 arranged at intervals on the rotating wheel. The size and spacing of the poking needle 46 are adapted to those of the seed suction holes 19-1. The residual seed cleaning wheel is arranged in the low-pressure side housing 20. The poking needle 46 is inserted into the seed suction holes 19-1 below the seed release position and meshes with them to drive. The residual seed cleaning wheel rotates with the rotating seed tray 19, so that the poking needle 46 is successively inserted into the seed suction holes 19-1 to eject the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction holes 19-1, thus avoiding the phenomenon of missed seeding.

[0062] The pneumatic precision seeder 2 is provided with a redundant seed interference mechanism for cleaning the redundant seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes 19-1. The redundant seed interference mechanism is arranged on one side of the rotation track of the seed suction holes in the high-pressure side housing 18 and above the seed supply area. It includes an interference structure, a guiding rail 40, an adjustment structure and a redundant seed guiding plate 36. The interference structure includes an interference base 37, an interference elastic sheet 38 and more than one interference disc 39. The interference disc 39 is fixed on the interference base 37 through the interference elastic sheet 38 to make the interference disc 39 close to the rotating seed tray 19. The guiding rail 40 is arranged between the interference base 37 and the high-pressure side housing 18. The adjustment structure includes a gear-rack transmission mechanism and a gear rotating shaft (not shown in the figure). The rack 42 in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixed on the interference base 37. The gear 43 in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the gear rotating shaft. The gear rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the high-pressure side housing 18. By rotating the interference disc displacement adjustment handle 41 fixed at one end of the gear rotating shaft located outside the high-pressure side housing 18, the gear-rack transmission mechanism drives the interference disc 39 to slightly deviate along the movement track defined by the guiding rail 40, so that the interference disc 39 approaches or moves away from the rotation track of the seed suction holes, and scrapes off the redundant seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes 19-1 on this side. The redundant seed guiding plate 36 is arranged above the seed metering tube 21 to prevent the redundant seeds scraped off by the interference disc 39 from entering the seed inlet of the seed metering tube 21 and guiding them into the seed supply area, so that only one seed grain is adsorbed by the seed suction holes 19-1 to ensure the seeding accuracy.

[0063] The furrow opener 4 for seeds is provided with a furrow opening depth adjusting device, which includes a depth adjusting device support 8 fixed to the furrow opener 4 for seeds, a furrow opening depth adjusting structure and a furrow depth limiting wheel set for the furrow opener for seeds. The furrow opening depth adjusting structure includes a depth adjusting screw 9 and a depth adjusting support 10. The depth adjusting screw 9 is vertically threadedly connected to the depth adjusting support 10, and the depth adjusting screw 9 is rotatably connected to the depth adjusting device support 8. The depth adjusting support 10 is slidably connected to the depth adjusting device support 8 through a vertical sliding guide rail 11. The furrow depth limiting wheel set for the furrow opener for seeds includes a wheel set support 12, a front furrow depth limiting wheel 13 and a rear furrow depth limiting wheel 14. The front furrow depth limiting wheel 13 and the rear furrow depth limiting wheel 14 are respectively rotatably connected to the wheel set support 12. The wheel set support 12 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the depth adjusting support 10, so that the front furrow depth limiting wheel 13 and the rear furrow depth limiting wheel 14 are respectively located in front of and behind the furrow opener 4 for seeds; by rotating the furrow opening depth adjusting knob 15 above the depth adjusting screw 9, the depth adjusting support 10 vertically displaces relative to the depth adjusting device support 8 under the constraint of the vertical sliding guide rail 11, thereby driving the front furrow depth limiting wheel 13 and the rear furrow depth limiting wheel 14 to move up and down relative to the furrow opener 4 for seeds, so as to adjust the furrow opening depth of the furrow opener 4 for seeds.

[0064] It is also provided with a fertilizing device, which includes a fertilizer box 5 arranged on the seeding machine frame 1, a fertilizer pipe 6 and a fertilizing furrow opener 7. The installation position of the fertilizing furrow opener 7 can make the fertilizing furrow opened by it located between the seeding furrows opened by the furrow opener 4 for seeds. The fertilizer in the fertilizer box 5 is led to the fertilizing furrow opened by the fertilizing furrow opener 7 through the fertilizer pipe 6.

[0065] The low-pressure side housing 20 is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side inner housing 28 through a bearing 50. The inner ring of the bearing 50 is fixed to the low-pressure side housing 20, and the outer ring of the bearing 50 is fixed to the low-pressure side inner housing 28. The working pressure relief air discharge hole 27 is arranged on the inner ring of the bearing 50; the elastic roller 44 and the residual seed cleaning wheel are fixed to the inner ring of the bearing 50 through a wheel support 51; the positive pressure generating device is a blower 17.

Claims

1. An air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder, characterized in that: The pneumatic precision seeding device is mainly composed of two pneumatic precision seeders (2) connected together through a seeding device transmission connection structure; The pneumatic precision seeder (2) includes a high-pressure side housing (18), a rotating seed tray (19), a low-pressure side housing (20), a high-pressure maintaining structure, and a seed discharging structure; the high-pressure side housing (18) is connected to the low-pressure side housing (20) to form a pneumatic precision seeder housing; The seed discharging structure includes a seed discharging pipe (21) and a seed suction hole blocking body; The rotating seed tray (19) is arranged inside the high-pressure side housing (18) and is rotationally connected to the high-pressure side housing (18). A circle or more of seed suction holes (19-1) are arranged in a circular pattern centered on the rotation axis of the rotating seed tray (19). The size of the seed suction holes (19-1) can enable a single seed to be adsorbed on them; there is a cavity between the high-pressure side housing (18) and the rotating seed tray (19) to form an air high-pressure chamber (22). The gap between the high-pressure side housing (18) and the rotating seed tray (19) forms an annular air pressure leakage gap (23). The high-pressure maintaining structure is used to prevent the annular air pressure leakage gap (23) from releasing pressure. A seeder seed inlet (24) for communicating with the seed outlet of the seeding box (3) is arranged on the high-pressure side housing (18) so that the seeds in the seeding box (3) enter the lower part of the air high-pressure chamber (22). The part of the air high-pressure chamber (22) below the seed supply area for accommodating seeds forms a seed supply area, and the part above the seed supply area in the air high-pressure chamber (22) forms a seed conveying area. A rotational fit gap (25) for preventing seeds from overflowing is arranged between the rotating seed tray (19) and the high-pressure side housing (18). A high-pressure air inlet (26) for communicating with a positive pressure generating device is arranged on the high-pressure side housing (18) so that high-pressure air enters the air high-pressure chamber (22). The high-pressure air in the air high-pressure chamber (22) is discharged through the seed suction holes (19-1) to form a working air flow, so that the seed suction holes (19-1) on the side of the air high-pressure chamber (22) generate an adsorption force on the seeds. When the rotating seed tray (19) rotates, the seed suction holes (19-1) adsorb seeds in the seed supply area. The adsorbed seeds are conveyed from one side of the seed conveying area upward along a circular arc-shaped seed suction hole rotation trajectory to the seed release position on the other side of the rotating seed tray (19). The seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe (21) is arranged below the seed release position to receive the seeds released by the seed suction holes (19-1) rotating to the seed release position and lead them out of the pneumatic precision seeder housing through the seed discharging pipe (21); The low-pressure side housing (20) is provided with a working pressure relief air flow discharge hole (27) to discharge the air discharged from the seed suction holes (19-1). The high-pressure maintaining structure and the seed suction hole blocking body are connected to the low-pressure side housing (20); The high-pressure holding structure includes the low-pressure side housing (20) and the low-pressure side inner housing (28). The low-pressure side inner housing (28) is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side housing (20). The rotation axis of the low-pressure side inner housing (28) is on the same straight line as the rotation axis of the rotary seed plate (19). The cavity formed between the low-pressure side inner housing (28) and the low-pressure side housing (20) is the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity (47). The edge part of the low-pressure side housing (20) is hermetically connected to the edge part of the high-pressure side housing (18). The edge part of the low-pressure side inner housing (28) is hermetically pressed against the edge part of the rotary seed plate (19), so that the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity (47) forms a sealed structure, and thus the gas leaked from the annular air pressure leakage gap (23) is accommodated by the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity (47) to prevent the annular air pressure leakage gap (23) from relieving pressure. Under the action of the frictional force formed by the hermetic pressing of the low-pressure side inner housing (28) and the rotary seed plate (19), the low-pressure side inner housing (28) rotates with the rotary seed plate (19) around the same rotation axis, so that they form an integral rotation, avoiding relative movement between them, and thus avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction; The seed suction hole blocking body is pressed against the seed release position of the rotation track of the seed suction hole, and is used to block the side where air flows out of the seed suction hole (19-1), so that the seed suction hole (19-1) rotating to the position of the seed suction hole blocking body loses the ability to adsorb seeds due to the lack of air flow, and thus the seeds fall into the seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe (21); One circle of the seed suction holes (19-1) corresponds to a set of the seed discharging structures, so as to realize sowing one row of seeds for one circle of the seed suction holes (19-1); The working pressure relief air flow discharge hole (27) is arranged at the central part where the low-pressure side housing (20) is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side inner housing (28), so as to avoid interfering with the sealing performance of the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity (47); The transmission connection structure of the sowing device includes a sowing device transmission shaft (29), a driven sprocket (30) or a driven gear. The driven sprocket (30) or the driven gear is arranged in the middle of the sowing device transmission shaft (29). The two ends of the sowing device transmission shaft (29) are respectively fixedly connected to the rotary seed plates (19) of the two air-blowing precision seeders (2), and are respectively rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housings (18) of the two air-blowing precision seeders (2).

2. The air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, wherein: The pneumatic precision seeder (2) is provided with a seeder seed intake regulating device for regulating the seed intake amount of the seeder seed inlet (24) according to the size of the seeds. The seeder seed intake regulating device includes a seed intake regulating plate (32), a regulating plate positioning elastic piece (33) and a regulating plate outlet sealing structure. The high-pressure side housing (18) is provided with a regulating plate extraction slot hole. A regulating plate positioning groove (32-1) is provided along the length direction of the seed intake regulating plate (32). The seed intake regulating plate (32) is inserted or pulled out through the regulating plate extraction slot hole and along a linear guide rail arranged in the high-pressure side housing (18), so as to regulate the cross-sectional size of the seeder seed inlet (24). The fixed end of the regulating plate positioning elastic piece (33) is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing (18), and its free end is snapped into the regulating plate positioning groove (32-1) to position the regulating plate positioning elastic piece (33). The regulating plate outlet sealing structure includes a slot hole plugging block (34) and a compression spring (35). A matching sealing surface is provided between the slot hole plugging block (34) and the edge of the regulating plate extraction slot hole inside the high-pressure side housing (18). One end of the compression spring (35) is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing (18), and the other end presses the slot hole plugging block (34) tightly upward in the direction towards the seed intake regulating plate (32), so as to press the seed intake regulating plate (32) against the slot wall of the regulating plate extraction slot hole, and enable the slot hole plugging block (34) to plug the gap between the regulating plate extraction slot hole and the seed intake regulating plate (32), thereby reducing the air leakage amount of the regulating plate extraction slot hole.

3. The air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed suction hole blocking body is an elastic roller (44) arranged inside the low-pressure side housing (20). The elastic roller (44) is pressed against the seed release position of the rotation track of the seed suction hole and rotates with the rotating seed tray (19) to block the side where air flows out of the seed suction hole (19-1).

4. The air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic precision seeder (2) is further provided with a residual seed cleaning wheel for cleaning the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction hole (19-1) below the seed release position. The residual seed cleaning wheel includes a rotating wheel (45) and a poking needle (46) arranged at intervals on the rotating wheel. The poking needle (46) is adapted to the size and spacing of the seed suction hole (19-1). The residual seed cleaning wheel is arranged inside the low-pressure side housing (20). The poking needle (46) is inserted into the seed suction hole (19-1) below the seed release position and forms meshing transmission with it. The residual seed cleaning wheel rotates with the rotating seed tray (19), so that the poking needle (46) is successively inserted into the seed suction hole (19-1) to eject the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction hole (19-1), thereby avoiding the phenomenon of missed seeding.

5. The air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic precision seeder (2) is provided with a redundant seed interference mechanism for cleaning redundant seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes (19-1). The redundant seed interference mechanism is arranged on one side of the rotation track of the seed suction holes in the high-pressure side housing (18) and above the seed supply area. It includes an interference structure, a guiding rail (40), an adjustment structure, and a redundant seed guiding plate (36). The interference structure includes an interference base (37), interference elastic sheets (38), and one or more interference discs (39). The interference discs (39) are fixed on the interference base (37) through the interference elastic sheets (38) so that the interference discs (39) are close to the rotating seed disc (19). The guiding rail (40) is arranged between the interference base (37) and the high-pressure side housing (18). The adjustment structure includes a gear-rack transmission mechanism and a gear rotating shaft. The rack (42) in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixed on the interference base (37), the gear (43) in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the gear rotating shaft, and the gear rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the high-pressure side housing (18). The redundant seed guiding plate (36) is arranged above the seed discharging pipe (21) to prevent the redundant seeds scraped off by the interference discs (39) from entering the seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe (21) and guiding them into the seed supply area, so that only one seed grain is adsorbed by the seed suction holes (19-1) to ensure the accuracy of sowing.

6. The air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The low-pressure side housing (20) is rotatably connected with the low-pressure side inner housing (28) through a bearing (50). The inner ring of the bearing (50) is fixed to the low-pressure side housing (20), and the outer ring of the bearing (50) is fixed to the low-pressure side inner housing (28). The working pressure relief air discharge hole (27) is arranged on the inner ring of the bearing (50). The positive pressure generating device is a blower (17).

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