Air-blowing type precise high-speed seeder

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air-blowing type precise high-speed seeding machine, and belongs to the technical field of seeding machinery. Comprising a seeder rack, and more than one air-blowing type precision seeder, a positive pressure generating device, a seeding box, a rotary seed disc driving device and a seed furrow opener are arranged on the seeder rack; the air-blowing type precision seeder comprises a high-pressure side shell, a rotary seed disc, a low-pressure side shell, a high-pressure maintaining structure and a seed discharging structure; the seed metering structure comprises a seed metering pipe and a seed suction hole blocking body; the rotary seed disc is rotationally connected with the high-pressure side shell, the low-pressure side shell is provided with a working pressure relief airflow discharge hole, and the high-pressure maintaining structure and the seed suction hole blocking body are connected with the low-pressure side shell; the high-pressure maintaining structure comprises a low-pressure side shell and a low-pressure side inner shell, the low-pressure side inner shell is rotationally connected with the low-pressure side shell, the seed suction hole blocking body is pressed and attached to the seed release position of the rotation track of the seed suction hole, and the seed suction device has the advantages of being high in working reliability, long in service life, low in maintenance rate, capable of saving energy, reducing consumption and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of seeding machinery. Background Art

[0002] The air-blowing precision high-speed seeder uses compressed air to suck seeds into the seed-sucking holes of the rotating seed tray and transports them into the seeding pipe for seeding. It has the advantages of high efficiency and high seeding precision. It can process a large number of seeds per hour, saving labor and time costs.

[0003] The product has the following structure: The rotating seed tray of the air-blowing precision seeder is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing. The gap between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed tray forms an annular air pressure leakage gap. The high-pressure maintaining structure is used to prevent gas leakage from the annular air pressure leakage gap, so that the high-pressure air entering from the air high-pressure chamber is discharged through the seed-sucking holes to form a working air flow. Thus, the seed-sucking holes on the air high-pressure chamber side generate an adsorption force on the seeds, and the seeds adsorbed by the seed-sucking holes are transported into the seeding pipe through the rotation of the rotating seed tray for seeding operation.

[0004] The currently adopted high-pressure maintaining structure seals the annular air pressure leakage gap through a rubber sealing ring. The rubber sealing ring is fixed on the low-pressure side housing and is tightly pressed on the gap between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed tray. Its pressing degree should ensure that the leakage of high-pressure air can be blocked.

[0005] The following problems exist: Since the rotating seed tray is in a rotating state during operation, it forms a sliding friction with the rubber sealing ring tightly pressed on its surface, not only consuming energy due to the rotational resistance on the rotating seed tray, but also the sliding friction between the rotating seed tray and the rubber sealing ring causes the friction surface to heat up and wear. Especially, due to the action of heat and friction, the service life of the rubber material of the rubber sealing ring will be severely shortened and it will become a vulnerable part. Since it is fixed inside the seeder housing and is not easy to detect, when it is found that the air flow discharged from the seed-sucking holes is so small due to air leakage of the rubber sealing ring that it cannot adsorb seeds and the seed leakage rate increases, certain economic losses have already occurred, and replacing it requires disassembling the seeder housing, which is time-consuming and laborious.

[0006] The rotating seed tray driving device generally uses a small motor to drive the rotation of the rotating seed tray. Due to the sliding friction between the rotating seed tray and the rubber sealing ring, the power consumption of the motor increases. Therefore, currently produced air-blowing precision high-speed seeders can only drive one air-blowing precision seeder to work with one small motor, increasing the manufacturing cost and energy consumption. Summary of the Utility Model

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder, which has the characteristics of high working reliability, long service life, low maintenance rate, energy conservation and consumption reduction, etc.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows:

[0009] An air-blowing type precision high-speed seeder, comprising a seeder frame, one or more air-blowing type precision seeders, a positive pressure generating device, a seed box, a rotating seed tray driving device and a seed furrow opener arranged on the seeder frame;

[0010] The air-blowing type precision seeder includes a high-pressure side housing, a rotating seed tray, a low-pressure side housing, a high-pressure maintaining structure and a seed discharging structure; the high-pressure side housing is connected to the low-pressure side housing to form an air-blowing type precision seeder housing;

[0011] The seed discharging structure includes a seed discharging pipe and a seed suction hole blocking body;

[0012] The rotating seed tray is arranged in the high-pressure side housing and is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing. One or more circles of seed suction holes are arranged on the rotating seed tray in a circular arrangement centered on the rotation axis of the rotating seed tray. The size of the seed suction holes can adsorb one seed on them; there is a cavity between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed tray to form an air high-pressure cavity. The gap between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed tray forms an annular air pressure leakage gap. The high-pressure maintaining structure is used to prevent the annular air pressure leakage gap from relieving pressure. A seeder seed inlet for communicating with the seed outlet of the seed box is arranged on the high-pressure side housing, so that the seeds in the seed box enter the lower part of the air high-pressure cavity. The part of the lower part of the air high-pressure cavity that accommodates seeds forms a seed supply area, and the part above the seed supply area in the air high-pressure cavity forms a seed conveying area. A rotational mating gap for preventing seeds from overflowing is arranged between the rotating seed tray and the high-pressure side housing. A high-pressure air inlet for communicating with the positive pressure generating device is arranged on the high-pressure side housing, so that high-pressure air enters the air high-pressure cavity. The high-pressure air in the air high-pressure cavity is discharged through the seed suction holes to form a working air flow, so that the seed suction holes on the air high-pressure cavity side generate an adsorption force on the seeds. When the rotating seed tray rotates, the seed suction holes adsorb seeds in the seed supply area, and the adsorbed seeds are conveyed from one side of the seed conveying area upward through an arc-shaped seed suction hole rotation trajectory to the seed release position on the other side of the rotating seed tray. The seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe is arranged below the seed release position to receive the seeds released by the seed suction holes rotating to the seed release position and lead them out of the air-blowing type precision seeder housing through the seed discharging pipe;

[0013] The low-pressure side housing is provided with a working pressure relief air flow discharge hole to discharge the air discharged from the seed suction holes. The high-pressure maintaining structure and the seed suction hole blocking body are connected to the low-pressure side housing;

[0014] The high-pressure holding structure includes a low-pressure side housing and a low-pressure side inner housing. The low-pressure side inner housing is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side housing. The rotation axis of the low-pressure side inner housing is on the same straight line as the rotation axis of the rotating seed plate. The cavity formed between the low-pressure side inner housing and the low-pressure side housing is the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity. The edge part of the low-pressure side housing is hermetically connected to the edge part of the high-pressure side housing. The edge part of the low-pressure side inner housing is hermetically pressed against the edge part of the rotating seed plate, so that the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity forms a closed structure, so that the gas leaked from the annular air pressure leakage gap is accommodated by the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity, so as to avoid the pressure relief of the annular air pressure leakage gap. Under the action of the frictional force formed by the hermetic pressing of the low-pressure side inner housing and the rotating seed plate, the low-pressure side inner housing rotates with the rotating seed plate around the same rotation axis, so that they form a whole rotation, avoiding relative movement between them, and thus avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction;

[0015] The seed suction hole blocker is pressed against the seed release position of the rotation track of the seed suction hole, and is used to block the side where the air flows out of the seed suction hole, so that the seed suction hole rotating to the position of the seed suction hole blocker loses the ability to adsorb seeds due to no air flow passing through, so that the seeds fall into the seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe;

[0016] A set of seed discharging structures corresponds to a circle of seed suction holes, so as to realize sowing one row of seeds for a circle of seed suction holes;

[0017] The working pressure relief air flow discharge hole is arranged at the central part where the low-pressure side housing is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side inner housing, so as to avoid interfering with the sealing performance of the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity.

[0018] The further improvement of the present utility model lies in:

[0019] Two air-blowing precision seeders are connected together through a seeding device transmission connection structure, so as to form an air-blowing precision seeding device: The seeding device transmission connection structure includes a seeding device transmission shaft, a driven sprocket or a driven gear. The driven sprocket or the driven gear is arranged in the middle of the seeding device transmission shaft. The two ends of the seeding device transmission shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating seed plates of the two air-blowing precision seeders, and are respectively rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housings of the two air-blowing precision seeders.

[0020] The rotating seed plate driving device is a seeder driving motor. The seeder driving motor is fixed in the high-pressure side housing, and the rotating seed plate is fixed on the rotating shaft of the air-blowing precision seeder driving motor.

[0021] The pneumatic precision seeder is provided with a seeder seed intake adjusting device for adjusting the seed intake at the seed inlet of the seeder according to the size of the seeds. The seeder seed intake adjusting device includes a seed intake adjusting plate, an adjusting plate positioning spring piece, and an adjusting plate outlet sealing structure. The high-pressure side housing is provided with an adjusting plate extraction slot hole. An adjusting plate positioning groove is provided along the length direction of the seed intake adjusting plate. The seed intake adjusting plate is inserted or pulled out through the adjusting plate extraction slot hole and along the linear guide rail arranged in the high-pressure side housing, so as to adjust the cross-sectional size of the seed inlet of the seeder. The fixed end of the adjusting plate positioning spring piece is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing, and its free end is clamped into the adjusting plate positioning groove to position the adjusting plate positioning spring piece. The adjusting plate outlet sealing structure includes a slot hole plugging block and a compression spring. A matching sealing surface is provided between the slot hole plugging block and the edge of the adjusting plate extraction slot hole inside the high-pressure side housing. One end of the compression spring is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing, and the other end presses the slot hole plugging block tightly upward in the direction of the seed intake adjusting plate, so as to press the seed intake adjusting plate against the slot wall of the adjusting plate extraction slot hole and make the slot hole plugging block block the gap between the adjusting plate extraction slot hole and the seed intake adjusting plate, thereby reducing the air leakage amount of the adjusting plate extraction slot hole.

[0022] The seed suction hole blocking body is an elastic roller arranged inside the low-pressure side housing. The elastic roller presses against the seed release position on the rotation track of the seed suction hole and rotates with the rotating seed tray to block the side where air flows out of the seed suction hole.

[0023] The pneumatic precision seeder is also provided with a residual seed cleaning wheel for cleaning the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction holes below the seed release position. The residual seed cleaning wheel includes a rotating wheel and poking needles arranged at intervals on the rotating wheel. The poking needles are adapted to the size and spacing of the seed suction holes. The residual seed cleaning wheel is arranged inside the low-pressure side housing. The poking needles are inserted into the seed suction holes below the seed release position and form meshing transmission with them. The residual seed cleaning wheel rotates with the rotating seed tray, so that the poking needles are successively inserted into the seed suction holes to eject the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction holes, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of missed seeding.

[0024] The pneumatic precision seeder is provided with a redundant seed interference mechanism for cleaning the redundant seeds adsorbed on the seed suction holes. The redundant seed interference mechanism is arranged on one side of the rotation track of the seed suction holes in the high-pressure side housing and above the seed supply area. It includes an interference structure, a guiding rail, an adjustment structure, and a redundant seed guiding plate. The interference structure includes an interference base, interference elastic pieces, and more than one interference disc. The interference discs are fixed to the interference base through the interference elastic pieces so that the interference discs are close to the rotating seed disc. The guiding rail is arranged between the interference base and the high-pressure side housing. The adjustment structure includes a gear-rack transmission mechanism and a gear rotating shaft. The rack in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixed to the interference base, the gear in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixedly connected to the gear rotating shaft, and the gear rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing. The redundant seed guiding plate is arranged above the seed discharging pipe to prevent the redundant seeds scraped off by the interference discs from entering the seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe and guiding them into the seed supply area, so that only one seed grain is adsorbed on the seed suction hole to ensure the sowing accuracy.

[0025] The furrow opener is provided with a furrow opening depth adjustment device, which includes a depth adjustment device bracket fixed to the furrow opener, a furrow opening depth adjustment structure, and a furrow opener depth limit wheel set. The furrow opening depth adjustment structure includes a depth adjustment screw rod and a depth adjustment bracket. The depth adjustment screw rod is vertically threadedly connected to the depth adjustment bracket and rotatably connected to the depth adjustment device bracket. The depth adjustment bracket is slidably connected to the depth adjustment device bracket through a vertical sliding guide rail. The furrow opener depth limit wheel set includes a wheel set bracket, a front depth limit wheel, and a rear depth limit wheel. The front depth limit wheel and the rear depth limit wheel are respectively rotatably connected to the wheel set bracket, and the wheel set bracket is fixedly connected to the lower end of the depth adjustment bracket so that the front depth limit wheel and the rear depth limit wheel are respectively located in front of and behind the furrow opener.

[0026] It is also provided with a fertilizing device, which includes a fertilizing box, a fertilizing pipe, and a fertilizing furrow opener arranged on the seeder frame. The installation position of the fertilizing furrow opener can make the fertilizing furrow opened by it located between the sowing furrows opened by the furrow opener. The fertilizer in the fertilizing box is led to the fertilizing furrow opened by the fertilizing furrow opener through the fertilizing pipe.

[0027] The low-pressure side housing is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side inner housing through a bearing. The inner ring of the bearing is fixed to the low-pressure side housing, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixed to the low-pressure side inner housing. The working pressure relief air discharge hole is arranged on the inner ring of the bearing. The elastic roller and the residual seed cleaning wheel are fixed to the inner ring of the bearing through a wheel bracket. The positive pressure generating device is a blower.

[0028] The beneficial effects produced by adopting the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0029] The utility model adopts a cavity formed by the rotational connection between the low-pressure side inner shell and the low-pressure side shell as a high-pressure maintaining structure, the edge of the low-pressure side shell is sealed and connected to the edge of the high-pressure side shell, the edge of the low-pressure side inner shell is sealed and pressed together with the edge of the rotating seed disk, so that the cavity forms a closed structure, so that the gas leaked from the annular air pressure leakage gap is contained by the leakage gap air pressure containing cavity, so as to avoid the pressure release of the annular air pressure leakage gap, the rotation axis centerline of the low-pressure side inner shell and the rotation axis centerline of the rotating seed disk are on the same straight line, under the action of the friction force formed by the low-pressure side inner shell and the rotating seed disk being sealed and pressed together, the low-pressure side inner shell rotates with the rotating seed disk on the same rotation axis centerline, so that they form an integral rotation, avoid relative movement between them, and thus avoid energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction.

[0030] Compared with the previous method of sealing the annular air pressure leakage gap with a rubber sealing ring as a high-pressure maintaining structure, the method avoids the heat and wear of the rubber sealing ring caused by the sliding friction between the rotating seed disk and the rubber sealing ring, and the energy consumption caused by the rotational resistance to the rotating seed disk. It also avoids the phenomenon that the rubber sealing ring is not easily detected because it is fixed in the seeder shell, and it can only be judged from the increased seed leakage rate that the rubber sealing ring is seriously worn, and economic losses have already occurred when it is discovered. The high-pressure maintaining structure becomes a non-wearing part, which increases its service life and reduces energy consumption. One small motor can drive two air-blown precision seeders to work, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

[0031] It has the characteristics of high working reliability, long service life, low maintenance rate, energy saving and consumption reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is the front view of the air-blowing precision high-speed seeder;

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 axonometric drawing;

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 axonometric drawing;

[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Front view of the medium air-blowing precision seeder;

[0036] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Middle AA section view;

[0037] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of middle Ⅰ;

[0038] Figure 7 yes Figure 4Schematic diagram of the structure inside the medium and high voltage side housing;

[0039] Figure 8 is Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium and high voltage side housing and the rotating seed plate;

[0040] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the seed metering structure and the residual seed cleaning wheel;

[0041] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air-blowing precision seeding device;

[0042] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the seeder seed intake adjustment device and the redundant seed interference mechanism;

[0043] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the furrow depth adjustment device;

[0044] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fertilizing device.

[0045] In the drawings: 1. Seeder frame; 2. Air-blowing precision seeder; 3. Seed box; 4. Furrow opener; 5. Fertilizer box; 6. Fertilizer pipe; 7. Fertilizer opener; 8. Furrow depth adjustment device bracket; 9. Furrow depth adjustment screw; 10. Depth adjustment bracket; 11. Vertical sliding guide rail; 12. Wheel set bracket; 13. Front depth-limiting wheel; 14. Rear depth-limiting wheel; 15. Furrow depth adjustment knob; 16. Ground wheel; 17. Fan; 18. High voltage side housing; 19. Rotating seed plate; 19-1. Seed suction hole; 20. Low voltage side housing; 21. Seeding pipe; 22. Air high pressure chamber; 23. Annular air pressure leakage gap; 24. Seeder seed inlet; 25. Rotational mating clearance; 26. High pressure air inlet; 27. Working pressure relief air flow discharge hole; 28. Low voltage side inner housing; 29. Seeding device drive shaft; 30. Driven sprocket; 31. Seeder drive motor; 32. Seed intake adjustment plate; 32-1. Adjustment plate positioning groove; 33. Adjustment plate positioning spring piece; 34. Slot hole plugging block; 35. Compression spring; 36. Surplus seed guide plate; 37. Interference base; 38. Interference spring piece; 39. Interference disc; 40. Guide rail; 41. Interference disc displacement adjustment handle; 42. Rack; 43. Gear; 44. Elastic roller; 45. Runner; 46. Pricker; 47. Leakage gap air pressure accommodation chamber; 48. Outer ring rubber sealing ring; 49. Inner ring rubber sealing ring; 50. Bearing; 51. Wheel bracket. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] All standard parts used in the present utility model can be purchased from the market. The special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of all parts adopt conventional means such as bolts, rivets, welding, and pasting, which are mature in the prior art, and will not be elaborated here. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0048] From Figures 1 to 13 As can be seen from the embodiment shown, this embodiment includes a seeding machine frame 1. The seeding machine frame 1 is supported by ground wheels 16 and travels on the ground. One or more air-blowing precision seeders 2, a positive pressure generating device, a seed box 3, a rotating seed plate driving device, and a seed furrow opener 4 are provided on the seeding machine frame 1;

[0049] The air-blowing precision seeder 2 includes a high-pressure side housing 18, a rotating seed plate 19, a low-pressure side housing 20, a high-pressure maintaining structure, and a seed discharging structure. The high-pressure side housing 18 and the low-pressure side housing 20 are connected together to form an air-blowing precision seeder housing;

[0050] The seed discharging structure includes a seed discharging pipe 21 and a seed suction hole blocking body;

[0051] The rotating seed plate 19 is arranged inside the high-pressure side housing 18 and is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing 18. One or more circles of seed suction holes 19-1 are arranged in a circular pattern centered on the rotation axis of the rotating seed plate 19. The size of the seed suction holes 19-1 is such that a single seed can be adsorbed on them. There is a cavity between the high-pressure side housing 18 and the rotating seed plate 19 to form an air high-pressure chamber 22. The gap between the high-pressure side housing 18 and the rotating seed plate 19 forms an annular air pressure leakage gap 23. The high-pressure maintaining structure is used to prevent the annular air pressure leakage gap 23 from releasing pressure. A seeder inlet 24 for communicating with the seed outlet of the seeding box 3 is provided on the high-pressure side housing 18, so that the seeds in the seeding box 3 enter the lower part of the air high-pressure chamber 22. The part of the air high-pressure chamber 22 that accommodates seeds in the lower part forms a seed supply area, and the part above the seed supply area in the air high-pressure chamber 22 forms a seed conveying area. A rotating fit gap 25 for preventing seed overflow is provided between the rotating seed plate 19 and the high-pressure side housing 18. The rotating fit gap 25 cannot allow seeds to fall. The rotating fit gap 25 may not be set around the entire circumference of the rotating seed plate 19. It can be set between the rotating seed plate 19 and the high-pressure side housing 18 in the seed supply area and in the seed conveying area where seeds are likely to overflow due to the disturbance of the rotation of the rotating seed plate 19. A high-pressure air inlet 26 for communicating with the positive pressure generating device is provided on the high-pressure side housing 18, so that high-pressure air enters the air high-pressure chamber 22. The high-pressure air in the air high-pressure chamber 22 is discharged through the seed suction holes 19-1 to form a working air flow, so that the seed suction holes 19-1 on the side of the air high-pressure chamber 22 generate an adsorption force on the seeds. When the rotating seed plate driving device drives the rotating seed plate 19 to rotate, the seed suction holes 19-1 adsorb seeds in the seed supply area. The adsorbed seeds are conveyed from one side of the seed conveying area upward along a circular arc-shaped seed suction hole rotation trajectory to the seed release position on the other side of the rotating seed plate 19. The inlet of the seed discharging pipe 21 is arranged below the seed release position to receive the seeds released by the seed suction holes 19-1 that rotate to the seed release position, and lead the seeds out of the air-blowing precision seeder housing through the seed discharging pipe 21; and fall into the seeding groove opened by the seed furrow opener 4 through the seed introduction pipe for seeding operation;

[0052] The low-pressure side housing 20 is provided with a working pressure relief air flow discharge hole 27 to discharge the air discharged from the seed suction holes 19-1. The high-pressure maintaining structure and the seed suction hole blocking body are connected to the low-pressure side housing 20;

[0053] The high-pressure holding structure includes a low-pressure side housing 20 and a low-pressure side inner housing 28. The low-pressure side inner housing 28 is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side housing 20. The rotation axis of the low-pressure side inner housing 28 is on the same straight line as the rotation axis of the rotating seed plate 19. The cavity formed between the low-pressure side inner housing 28 and the low-pressure side housing 20 is the leakage gap air pressure accommodation cavity 47. The edge part of the low-pressure side housing 20 is sealingly connected to the edge part of the high-pressure side housing 18 through an outer ring rubber sealing ring 48. The edge part of the low-pressure side inner housing 28 and the edge part of the rotating seed plate 19 are sealingly pressed together through an inner ring rubber sealing ring 49, so that the leakage gap air pressure accommodation cavity 47 forms a closed structure, so that the gas leaked from the annular air pressure leakage gap 23 is accommodated by the leakage gap air pressure accommodation cavity 47, so as to avoid the pressure relief of the annular air pressure leakage gap 23. Under the action of the frictional force formed by the sealing and pressing together of the low-pressure side inner housing 28 and the rotating seed plate 19, the low-pressure side inner housing 28 rotates with the rotating seed plate 19 around the same rotation axis, so that they form an integral rotation, avoiding relative movement between them, and thus avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction;

[0054] The seed suction hole blocker is pressed against the seed release position of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole, and is used to block the side where air flows out of the seed suction hole 19-1 (that is, the side located in the low-pressure side housing 20), so that the seed suction hole 19-1 rotated to the position of the seed suction hole blocker loses the ability to adsorb seeds due to no air flow passing through, so that the seeds fall into the seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe 21;

[0055] A set of seed discharging structures corresponds to a circle of seed suction holes 19-1 to realize sowing one row of seeds for a circle of seed suction holes 19-1; each circle of seed suction holes 19-1 is provided with a seed release position, and a seed discharging pipe 21 is correspondingly provided at each seed release position. When each circle of seed suction holes 19-1 rotates to the seed release position, the side where air flows out of it is blocked by the seed suction hole blocker, so that each circle of seed suction holes 19-1 completes the sowing operation;

[0056] The working pressure relief air flow discharge hole 27 is arranged at the central part where the low-pressure side housing 20 is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side inner housing 28, so as to avoid interfering with the sealing performance of the leakage gap air pressure accommodation cavity 47.

[0057] Two air-blowing precision seeders 2 are connected together through a seeding device transmission connection structure to form an air-blowing precision seeding device: the seeding device transmission connection structure includes a seeding device transmission shaft 29, a driven sprocket 30 or a driven gear. The driven sprocket 30 or the driven gear is arranged in the middle of the seeding device transmission shaft 29. The two ends of the seeding device transmission shaft 29 are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating seed plates 19 of the two air-blowing precision seeders 2 and are respectively rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housings 18 of the two air-blowing precision seeders 2.

[0058] The rotating seed plate driving device is the seeding device driving motor. A driving sprocket or a driving gear (not shown in the figure) is provided on the rotating shaft of the seeding device driving motor. The driving sprocket is drivingly connected with a driven sprocket 30 (not shown in the figure) through a seeding device transmission chain, or the driving gear is meshingly connected with a driven gear (not shown in the figure), so that the seeding device driving motor drives the rotating seed plates 19 of the two air-blowing precision seeders 2 to work.

[0059] The rotating seed plate driving device is the seeder driving motor 31. The seeder driving motor 31 is fixed in the high-pressure side housing 18, and the rotating seed plate 19 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the air-blowing precision seeder driving motor 31.

[0060] The air-blowing precision seeder 2 is provided with a seeder seed intake regulating device for regulating the seed intake amount of the seed inlet 24 of the seeder according to the size of the seeds. The seeder seed intake regulating device includes a seed intake regulating plate 32, a regulating plate positioning spring piece 33 and a regulating plate outlet sealing structure. The high-pressure side housing 18 is provided with a regulating plate extraction slot hole (not shown in the figure). A regulating plate positioning groove 32-1 is provided along the length direction of the seed intake regulating plate 32. The seed intake regulating plate 32 is inserted or pulled out through the regulating plate extraction slot hole and along a linear guide rail (not shown in the figure) provided in the high-pressure side housing 18, so as to regulate the cross-sectional size of the seed inlet 24 of the seeder. The fixed end of the regulating plate positioning spring piece 33 is fixed in the high-pressure side housing 18, and its free end is snapped into the regulating plate positioning groove 32-1 to position the regulating plate positioning spring piece 33; the regulating plate outlet sealing structure includes a slot hole plugging block 34 and a compression spring 35. A matching sealing surface is provided between the slot hole plugging block 34 and the edge of the regulating plate extraction slot hole in the high-pressure side housing 18. One end of the compression spring 35 is fixed in the high-pressure side housing 18, and the other end presses the slot hole plugging block 34 upward in the direction of the seed intake regulating plate 32, so as to press the seed intake regulating plate 32 against the slot wall of the regulating plate extraction slot hole and make the slot hole plugging block 34 block the gap between the regulating plate extraction slot hole and the seed intake regulating plate 32, thereby reducing the air leakage amount of the regulating plate extraction slot hole.

[0061] The seed suction hole blocking body is an elastic roller 44 arranged in the low-pressure side housing 20. The elastic roller 44 is pressed against the seed release position of the rotation track of the seed suction hole and rotates with the rotating seed plate 19 to block the side where air flows out of the seed suction hole 19-1; thus, relative movement between the elastic roller 44 and the rotating seed plate 19 is avoided, and energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction are avoided.

[0062] The pneumatic precision seeder 2 is also provided with a residual seed cleaning wheel for cleaning the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction holes 19-1 below the seed release position (which fail to fall into the seed metering tube 21). The residual seed cleaning wheel includes a rotating wheel 45 and poking pins 46 arranged at intervals on the rotating wheel. The size and spacing of the poking pins 46 are adapted to those of the seed suction holes 19-1. The residual seed cleaning wheel is arranged in the low-pressure side housing 20. The poking pins 46 are inserted into the seed suction holes 19-1 below the seed release position and form meshing transmission therewith. The residual seed cleaning wheel rotates with the rotating seed disk 19, so that the poking pins 46 are successively inserted into the seed suction holes 19-1 to eject the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction holes 19-1, thus avoiding the phenomenon of missed seeding.

[0063] The pneumatic precision seeder 2 is provided with a redundant seed interference mechanism for cleaning the redundant seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes 19-1. The redundant seed interference mechanism is arranged on one side of the rotation track of the seed suction holes in the high-pressure side housing 18 and above the seed supply area. It includes an interference structure, a guiding rail 40, an adjustment structure and a redundant seed guiding plate 36. The interference structure includes an interference base 37, interference elastic pieces 38 and more than one interference disk 39. The interference disks 39 are fixed on the interference base 37 through the interference elastic pieces 38, so that the interference disks 39 are close to the rotating seed disk 19. The guiding rail 40 is arranged between the interference base 37 and the high-pressure side housing 18. The adjustment structure includes a gear-rack transmission mechanism and a gear rotating shaft (not shown in the figure). The rack 42 in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixed on the interference base 37. The gear 43 in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the gear rotating shaft. The gear rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the high-pressure side housing 18. By rotating the interference disk displacement adjustment handle 41 fixed at one end of the gear rotating shaft located outside the high-pressure side housing 18, the gear-rack transmission mechanism drives the interference disk 39 to slightly deviate along the movement track defined by the guiding rail 40, so that the interference disk 39 approaches or moves away from the rotation track of the seed suction holes, and scrapes off the redundant seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes 19-1 on this side. The redundant seed guiding plate 36 is arranged above the seed metering tube 21 to prevent the redundant seeds scraped off by the interference disk 39 from entering the seed inlet of the seed metering tube 21 and guiding them into the seed supply area, so that only one seed grain is adsorbed by the seed suction holes 19-1 to ensure the seeding accuracy.

[0064] The furrow opener 4 for seeds is provided with a furrow opening depth adjusting device, which includes a depth adjusting device bracket 8 fixed to the furrow opener 4 for seeds, a furrow opening depth adjusting structure, and a depth limiting wheel set for the furrow opener 4 for seeds. The furrow opening depth adjusting structure includes a depth adjusting screw 9 and a depth adjusting bracket 10. The depth adjusting screw 9 is vertically threadedly connected to the depth adjusting bracket 10, and the depth adjusting screw 9 is rotatably connected to the depth adjusting device bracket 8. The depth adjusting bracket 10 is slidably connected to the depth adjusting device bracket 8 through a vertical sliding guide rail 11. The depth limiting wheel set for the furrow opener 4 for seeds includes a wheel set bracket 12, a front depth limiting wheel 13, and a rear depth limiting wheel 14. The front depth limiting wheel 13 and the rear depth limiting wheel 14 are respectively rotatably connected to the wheel set bracket 12. The wheel set bracket 12 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the depth adjusting bracket 10, so that the front depth limiting wheel 13 and the rear depth limiting wheel 14 are respectively located in front of and behind the furrow opener 4 for seeds; Rotate the furrow opening depth adjusting knob 15 above the depth adjusting screw 9, and the depth adjusting bracket 10 vertically displaces relative to the depth adjusting device bracket 8 under the constraint of the vertical sliding guide rail 11, thereby driving the front depth limiting wheel 13 and the rear depth limiting wheel 14 to move up and down relative to the furrow opener 4 for seeds, so as to adjust the furrow opening depth of the furrow opener 4 for seeds.

[0065] It is also provided with a fertilizing device, which includes a fertilizer box 5 arranged on the seeding machine frame 1, a fertilizer pipe 6, and a fertilizer furrow opener 7. The installation position of the fertilizer furrow opener 7 can make the fertilizing furrow opened by it located between the seeding furrows opened by the furrow opener 4 for seeds. The fertilizer in the fertilizer box 5 is led to the fertilizing furrow opened by the fertilizer furrow opener 7 through the fertilizer pipe 6.

[0066] The low-pressure side housing 20 is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side inner housing 28 through a bearing 50. The inner ring of the bearing 50 is fixed to the low-pressure side housing 20, and the outer ring of the bearing 50 is fixed to the low-pressure side inner housing 28. The working pressure relief air flow discharge hole 27 is arranged on the inner ring of the bearing 50; The elastic roller 44 and the residual seed cleaning wheel are fixed on the inner ring of the bearing 50 through a wheel bracket 51; The positive pressure generating device is a blower 17.

Claims

1. An air-blowing type precision high-speed seeder, comprising a seeder frame (1), on which there is provided more than one air-blowing type precision seeder (2), a positive pressure generating device, a seed box (3), a rotating seed tray driving device and a seed furrow opener (4), characterized in that: The air-blowing type precision seeder (2) includes a high-pressure side housing (18), a rotating seed tray (19), a low-pressure side housing (20), a high-pressure maintaining structure and a seed discharging structure; the high-pressure side housing (18) is connected to the low-pressure side housing (20) to form an air-blowing type precision seeder housing; The seed discharging structure includes a seed discharging pipe (21) and a seed suction hole blocking body; The rotating seed tray (19) is arranged in the high-pressure side housing (18) and is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing (18). There is provided more than one circle of seed suction holes (19-1) annularly arranged around the rotation axis of the rotating seed tray (19) on the rotating seed tray (19). The size of the seed suction holes (19-1) can enable a single seed to be adsorbed on it. There is a cavity between the high-pressure side housing (18) and the rotating seed tray (19) to form an air high-pressure chamber (22). The gap between the high-pressure side housing (18) and the rotating seed tray (19) forms an annular air pressure leakage gap (23). The high-pressure maintaining structure is used to prevent the annular air pressure leakage gap (23) from relieving pressure. There is provided a seeder seed inlet (24) on the high-pressure side housing (18) for communicating with the seed outlet of the seed box (3), so that the seeds in the seed box (3) enter the lower part of the air high-pressure chamber (22). The part of the air high-pressure chamber (22) below the seed supply area for accommodating seeds forms a seed supply area, and the part above the seed supply area in the air high-pressure chamber (22) forms a seed conveying area. There is a rotating fit gap (25) between the rotating seed tray (19) and the high-pressure side housing (18) to prevent seeds from overflowing. There is provided a high-pressure air inlet (26) on the high-pressure side housing (18) for communicating with the positive pressure generating device, so that high-pressure air enters the air high-pressure chamber (22). The high-pressure air in the air high-pressure chamber (22) is discharged through the seed suction holes (19-1) to form a working air flow, so that the seed suction holes (19-1) on the side of the air high-pressure chamber (22) generate an adsorption force on the seeds. When the rotating seed tray (19) rotates, the seed suction holes (19-1) adsorb seeds in the seed supply area. The adsorbed seeds are conveyed from one side of the seed conveying area upward through an arc-shaped seed suction hole rotation track to the seed release position on the other side of the rotating seed tray (19). The seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe (21) is arranged below the seed release position to receive the seeds released by the seed suction holes (19-1) rotating to the seed release position and lead them out of the air-blowing type precision seeder housing through the seed discharging pipe (21); The low-pressure side housing (20) is provided with a working pressure relief air flow discharge hole (27) for discharging the air discharged from the seed suction hole (19-1), and the high-pressure holding structure and the seed suction hole blocking body are connected to the low-pressure side housing (20); The high-pressure holding structure includes the low-pressure side housing (20) and the low-pressure side inner housing (28). The low-pressure side inner housing (28) is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side housing (20). The rotation axis line of the low-pressure side inner housing (28) is on the same straight line as the rotation axis line of the rotary seed plate (19). The cavity formed between the low-pressure side inner housing (28) and the low-pressure side housing (20) is a leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity (47). The edge part of the low-pressure side housing (20) is hermetically connected to the edge part of the high-pressure side housing (18). The edge part of the low-pressure side inner housing (28) is hermetically pressed against the edge part of the rotary seed plate (19) so that the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity (47) forms a closed structure, so that the gas leaked from the annular air pressure leakage gap (23) is accommodated by the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity (47) to avoid pressure relief of the annular air pressure leakage gap (23). Under the action of the frictional force formed by the hermetic pressing of the low-pressure side inner housing (28) and the rotary seed plate (19), the low-pressure side inner housing (28) rotates with the rotary seed plate (19) around the same rotation axis line, so that they form an integral rotation, avoiding relative movement between them, and thus avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction; The seed suction hole blocking body is pressed against the seed release position of the rotation track of the seed suction hole, and is used to block the side where the air flows out of the seed suction hole (19-1), so that the seed suction hole (19-1) rotating to the position of the seed suction hole blocking body loses the ability to adsorb seeds due to no air flow passing through, so that the seeds fall into the seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe (21); One circle of the seed suction holes (19-1) corresponds to a group of the seed discharging structures to realize sowing one row of seeds for one circle of the seed suction holes (19-1); The working pressure relief air flow discharge hole (27) is arranged at the central part where the low-pressure side housing (20) is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side inner housing (28), so as to avoid interfering with the sealing performance of the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity (47).

2. The air-blowing type precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, wherein: Two of the air-blowing precision seeders (2) are connected together through a sowing device transmission connection structure to form an air-blowing precision sowing device: The sowing device transmission connection structure includes a sowing device transmission shaft (29), a driven sprocket (30) or a driven gear. The driven sprocket (30) or the driven gear is arranged in the middle of the sowing device transmission shaft (29). The two ends of the sowing device transmission shaft (29) are respectively fixedly connected to the rotary seed plates (19) of the two air-blowing precision seeders (2), and are respectively rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housings (18) of the two air-blowing precision seeders (2).

3. The pneumatic precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, wherein: The rotary seed plate driving device is a seeder driving motor (31). The seeder driving motor (31) is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing (18), and the rotary seed plate (19) is fixed on the rotating shaft of the air-blowing precision seeder driving motor (31).

4. A pneumatic precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-blowing precision seeder (2) is provided with a seeder seed intake adjusting device for adjusting the seed intake amount of the seeder seed inlet (24) according to the size of the seeds. The seeder seed intake adjusting device includes a seed intake adjusting plate (32), an adjusting plate positioning spring piece (33), and an adjusting plate outlet sealing structure. The high-pressure side housing (18) is provided with an adjusting plate extraction slot hole. An adjusting plate positioning groove (32-1) is provided along the length direction of the seed intake adjusting plate (32). The seed intake adjusting plate (32) is inserted or pulled out through the adjusting plate extraction slot hole and along the linear guide rail arranged inside the high-pressure side housing (18), so as to adjust the cross-sectional size of the seeder seed inlet (24). The fixed end of the adjusting plate positioning spring piece (33) is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing (18), and its free end is clamped into the adjusting plate positioning groove (32-1) to position the adjusting plate positioning spring piece (33). The adjusting plate outlet sealing structure includes a slot hole plugging block (34) and a compression spring (35). A matching sealing surface is provided between the slot hole plugging block (34) and the edge of the adjusting plate extraction slot hole inside the high-pressure side housing (18). One end of the compression spring (35) is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing (18), and the other end presses the slot hole plugging block (34) tightly upward in the direction biased towards the seed intake adjusting plate (32), so as to press the seed intake adjusting plate (32) against the slot wall of the adjusting plate extraction slot hole and make the slot hole plugging block (34) plug the gap between the adjusting plate extraction slot hole and the seed intake adjusting plate (32), thereby reducing the air leakage amount of the adjusting plate extraction slot hole.

5. The pneumatic precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed suction hole blocking body is an elastic roller (44) arranged inside the low-pressure side housing (20). The elastic roller (44) presses against the seed release position of the rotation track of the seed suction hole and rotates with the rotary seed plate (19) to block the side where air flows out of the seed suction hole (19-1).

6. The pneumatic precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, wherein: The air-blowing precision seeder (2) is also provided with a residual seed cleaning wheel for cleaning the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction hole (19-1) below the seed release position. The residual seed cleaning wheel includes a rotating wheel (45) and a poking needle (46) arranged at intervals on the rotating wheel. The poking needle (46) is adapted to the size and spacing of the seed suction hole (19-1). The residual seed cleaning wheel is arranged inside the low-pressure side housing (20). The poking needle (46) is inserted into the seed suction hole (19-1) below the seed release position and forms meshing transmission with it. The residual seed cleaning wheel rotates with the rotary seed plate (19), so that the poking needle (46) is successively inserted into the seed suction hole (19-1) to eject the residual seeds stuck in the seed suction hole (19-1), thereby avoiding the phenomenon of missed sowing.

7. The pneumatic precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic precision seeder (2) is provided with a redundant seed interference mechanism for cleaning the redundant seeds adsorbed by the seed suction holes (19-1). The redundant seed interference mechanism is arranged on one side of the rotation track of the seed suction holes in the high-pressure side housing (18) and above the seed supply area. It includes an interference structure, a guiding rail (40), an adjustment structure, and a redundant seed guiding plate (36). The interference structure includes an interference base (37), interference elastic sheets (38), and more than one interference disc (39). The interference disc (39) is fixed on the interference base (37) through the interference elastic sheet (38) so that the interference disc (39) is close to the rotating seed disc (19). The guiding rail (40) is arranged between the interference base (37) and the high-pressure side housing (18). The adjustment structure includes a gear-rack transmission mechanism and a gear rotating shaft. The rack (42) in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixed on the interference base (37), the gear (43) in the gear-rack transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the gear rotating shaft, and the gear rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the high-pressure side housing (18). The redundant seed guiding plate (36) is arranged above the seed discharging pipe (21) to prevent the redundant seeds scraped off by the interference disc (39) from entering the seed inlet of the seed discharging pipe (21) and guiding them into the seed supply area, so that only one seed grain is adsorbed by the seed suction hole (19-1) to ensure the sowing accuracy.

8. The pneumatic precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furrow opener (4) is provided with a furrow opening depth adjusting device, which includes a depth adjusting device support (8) fixedly connected with the furrow opener (4), a furrow opening depth adjusting structure, and a furrow opener depth limiting wheel set. The furrow opening depth adjusting structure includes a depth adjusting screw rod (9) and a depth adjusting support (10). The depth adjusting screw rod (9) is vertically threadedly connected with the depth adjusting support (10), and the depth adjusting screw rod (9) is rotatably connected with the depth adjusting device support (8). The depth adjusting support (10) is slidably connected with the depth adjusting device support (8) through a vertical sliding guide rail (11). The furrow opener depth limiting wheel set includes a wheel set support (12), a front depth limiting wheel (13), and a rear depth limiting wheel (14). The front depth limiting wheel (13) and the rear depth limiting wheel (14) are respectively rotatably connected with the wheel set support (12), and the wheel set support (12) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the depth adjusting support (10) so that the front depth limiting wheel (13) and the rear depth limiting wheel (14) are respectively located in front of and behind the furrow opener (4).

9. The pneumatic precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is also provided with a fertilizing device, which includes a fertilizing box (5), a fertilizing pipe (6), and a fertilizing furrow opener (7) arranged on the seeding machine frame (1). The installation position of the fertilizing furrow opener (7) can make the fertilizing furrow opened by it located between the sowing furrows opened by the furrow opener (4). The fertilizer in the fertilizing box (5) is led to the fertilizing furrow opened by the fertilizing furrow opener (7) through the fertilizing pipe (6).

10. A pneumatic precision high-speed seeder according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The low-pressure side housing (20) is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side inner housing (28) through a bearing (50). The inner ring of the bearing (50) is fixed to the low-pressure side housing (20), and the outer ring of the bearing (50) is fixed to the low-pressure side inner housing (28). The working pressure relief air discharge hole (27) is provided in the inner ring of the bearing (50); the positive pressure generating device is a fan (17).

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