Intermittent waste metal sodium treatment equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses intermittent waste metal sodium treatment equipment which comprises a closed reaction kettle and a control unit, the reaction kettle is provided with an open-close feed port, the reaction kettle is provided with an air inlet pipe with a regulating valve I, an oil inlet pipe with a regulating valve II and a water inlet pipe with a regulating valve III from top to bottom at intervals, the air inlet pipe is communicated with an air inlet fan, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with an air outlet fan. The oil inlet pipe is communicated with an oil source, the water inlet pipe is communicated with a water source, an exhaust pipe is arranged at the upper part of the reaction kettle, an exhaust fan is arranged on the exhaust pipe, a discharge pipe with a control valve I is arranged at the lower part of the reaction kettle, and a liquid level sensor and a gas sensor are arranged in the reaction kettle; the adjusting valve I, the belt adjusting valve II, the adjusting valve III, the air inlet fan, the exhaust fan, the control valve I, the liquid level sensor and the gas sensor are electrically connected with the control unit. Compared with the prior art, the waste metal sodium treatment device is high in waste metal sodium treatment safety and easy to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to an intermittent waste sodium metal treatment device in hazardous waste treatment. Background Art

[0002] Sodium metal is an important basic chemical raw material, and is also a demonstration drug essential for teaching laboratories and a common substance in scientific research laboratories. In the laboratory hazardous waste and hazardous waste from other industries collected by hazardous waste disposal units, sodium metal often exists. Sodium metal has very active chemical properties and is extremely easy to react with water, alcohol, acid, etc., releasing a large amount of heat and flammable and explosive hydrogen gas. The heat then ignites and detonates the hydrogen gas, resulting in fires or explosions. Due to reasons such as poor management and label loss, combustion and explosion accidents caused by sodium metal slag used for reaction or dehydration pretreatment occur frequently. Therefore, treating waste sodium metal to completely quench and inactivate it and eliminate potential safety hazards is a very important task from its source of use to the end of waste disposal.

[0003] In view of the above problems, the patent document CN220781787U discloses a waste sodium metal safety treatment device, which discloses reacting waste sodium metal with diffused water mist to mitigate the reaction intensity and thus improve the safety of treatment. However, since the reaction between waste sodium metal and water mist in this method is continuous, the reaction intensity that can be mitigated is limited, and the safety is not very high. In addition, a large amount of water vapor is contained in the generated hydrogen gas, and water vapor needs to be treated when treating hydrogen gas subsequently, which will increase the treatment cost. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the safety problems in treating waste sodium metal in the prior art, and provide an intermittent waste sodium metal treatment device with high safety and simple operation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems: an intermittent waste sodium metal treatment device, including a closed reaction kettle and a control unit. The reaction kettle is provided with an opening and closing type feed inlet. The reaction kettle is provided with an inlet pipe with a regulating valve I, an inlet oil pipe with a regulating valve II, and an inlet water pipe with a regulating valve III at intervals from top to bottom. The inlet pipe is communicated with an air inlet fan, the inlet oil pipe is communicated with an oil source, and the inlet water pipe is communicated with a water source. An exhaust pipe is provided at the upper part of the reaction kettle, and a suction fan is provided on the exhaust pipe. A discharge pipe with a control valve I is provided at the lower part of the reaction kettle. A liquid level sensor and a gas sensor are provided in the reaction kettle. The regulating valve I, the regulating valve II, the regulating valve III, the air inlet fan, the suction fan, the control valve I, the liquid level sensor, and the gas sensor are electrically connected to the control unit.

[0006] Optionally, the reactor is provided with a jacket which covers the middle and lower parts of the reactor. The inner cavity of the jacket is communicated with the circulating water inlet pipe and the circulating water return pipe of the circulating water cooling device. A temperature sensor is arranged inside the reactor, and the probe of the temperature sensor extends into the liquid in the inner cavity of the reactor. The circulating water cooling device and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the control unit.

[0007] Optionally, the exhaust pipe is communicated with a gas incineration device, and the discharge pipe is communicated with a liquid neutralization device.

[0008] Optionally, a rupture disk and an observation window are arranged on the reactor.

[0009] Optionally, a closed crusher is arranged at the feed inlet. The crusher is provided with an opening and closing feeding port. The outlet of the crusher is butted against the feed inlet through a pipeline. The crusher is provided with an inert gas pipe with a control valve II, and the inert gas pipe is communicated with an inert gas source.

[0010] The usage mode of the utility model: during use, start the control unit. The control unit controls the opening of control valve I, control valve II and control valve III, start the air blower and the exhaust fan. The oil inlet pipe and the water inlet pipe inject oil and water into the reactor in a certain proportion. When the liquid level sensor monitors that the liquid level in the reactor reaches a certain height, the control unit controls the closing of control valve II and control valve III. The oil and water in the reactor are stratified. The inner cavity of the reactor is divided into an air layer, an oil layer and a water layer from top to bottom. Then, the collected waste sodium metal is processed into small pieces and put into the reactor from the feed inlet. The wind from the air inlet pipe makes the put small pieces of waste sodium metal more evenly dispersed in the liquid in the cavity. After the material is put in, the feed inlet is sealed. The waste sodium metal entering the reactor falls from the air layer into the oil layer. Since the density of sodium metal is between that of water and kerosene, the sodium metal will sink to the interface between the water layer and the oil layer. At the interface, the sodium metal contacts with water and reacts to generate hydrogen and sodium hydroxide. The sodium hydroxide is dissolved in the water layer, and the hydrogen passes through the oil layer and is released into the air layer.

[0011] As the reaction proceeds, the water layer is gradually consumed, and the dissolved amount of sodium hydroxide in the water layer increases. The control unit controls the control valve I on the discharge pipe to be intermittently opened for a certain time to discharge the sodium hydroxide solution for neutralization treatment. After the liquid level sensor monitors that the liquid level in the reactor drops to a certain height, the control unit controls the opening of control valve III to inject water into the cavity. After the liquid level sensor monitors that the liquid level in the reactor rises to a certain height, the control unit controls the closing of control valve III.

[0012] As the reaction progresses, more and more hydrogen enters the air layer, increasing the pressure in the air layer. The exhaust fan gradually extracts the hydrogen-containing air in the air layer through the exhaust pipe for incineration treatment. When the gas sensor detects that the hydrogen concentration in the air layer reaches a certain threshold, the control unit controls the power of the blower to increase the air supply volume and dilute the hydrogen concentration in the air layer so that the hydrogen concentration is below the lower explosion limit.

[0013] The principle of the present utility model lies in that the density of metallic sodium is between that of water and kerosene. Metallic sodium will sink to the interface between the water layer and the oil layer. At the interface, metallic sodium contacts with water and reacts to generate hydrogen and sodium hydroxide. The release of hydrogen causes the metallic sodium block to rise, disengaging from the contact with the water layer and entering the oil layer, and the reaction stops. Subsequently, the metallic sodium stops rising. Since the density of metallic sodium is slightly greater than that of the oil layer, the rising sodium sinks again to the interface between the water layer and the oil layer, enabling a batchwise reaction between metallic sodium and water, thereby effectively reducing the intensity of the reaction between metallic sodium and water and improving the safety of treating waste metallic sodium.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has at least the following beneficial effects: The present utility model has relatively high safety in treating waste metallic sodium and is simple to operate. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional structure view of the present utility model;

[0016] The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows: reaction kettle 1, control unit 2, feed inlet 3, regulating valve I 4, inlet pipe 5, regulating valve II 6, inlet oil pipe 7, regulating valve III 8, inlet water pipe 9, inlet fan 10, exhaust pipe 11, exhaust fan 12, control valve I 13, discharge pipe 14, liquid level sensor 15, gas sensor 16, jacket 17, circulating water cooling device 18, temperature sensor 19, gas incineration device 20, liquid neutralization device 21, rupture disk 22, observation window 23, pulverizer 24, control valve II 25, inert gas pipe 26. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] Example 1, hereinafter in conjunction with Figure 1The present utility model will be further described. An intermittent waste sodium metal treatment device includes a sealed reaction kettle 1 and a control unit 2. The reaction kettle is made of carbon steel. The control unit can be an integral control unit or composed of multiple single controls with different control functions, as long as the required control functions can be achieved. The reaction kettle is provided with an opening and closing feed port 3, and the opening and closing of the feed port is realized through a movable sealing door. The reaction kettle is provided with an air inlet pipe 5 with a regulating valve I 4, an oil inlet pipe 7 with a regulating valve II 6, and a water inlet pipe 9 with a regulating valve III 8 at intervals from top to bottom. The air inlet pipe is communicated with an air blower 10, the oil inlet pipe is communicated with an oil source, the oil source uses kerosene, and the water inlet pipe is communicated with a water source. The air inlet pipe is located in the upper part of the reaction kettle and is not communicated with the liquid in the reaction kettle. The feed port is located above the air inlet pipe. The top of the reaction kettle is fixed with an exhaust pipe 11, and a suction fan 12 is connected in series on the exhaust pipe. The bottom of the reaction kettle is fixed with a discharge pipe 14 with a control valve I 13. A liquid level sensor 15 and a gas sensor 16 are arranged in the reaction kettle. The liquid level sensor and the gas sensor are installed at the top of the inner cavity of the reaction kettle. The regulating valve I, the regulating valve II, the regulating valve III, the air blower, the suction fan, the control valve I, the liquid level sensor, and the gas sensor are electrically connected to the control unit.

[0018] As the reaction continues, a large amount of heat accumulates in the reaction kettle, which will increase the reaction intensity between sodium metal and water. To avoid this situation, a jacket 17 is arranged outside the reaction kettle. The jacket covers and is fixed in the middle and lower parts of the reaction kettle. The inner cavity of the jacket is communicated with the circulating water inlet pipe and the circulating water return pipe of the circulating water cooling device 18. A temperature sensor 19 is arranged in the reaction kettle, and the probe of the temperature sensor extends into the liquid in the inner cavity of the reaction kettle. The circulating water cooling device and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit adjusts the circulating water flow rate through the circulating water cooling device according to the liquid temperature in the reaction kettle to keep the liquid temperature in the reaction kettle within a certain range.

[0019] To facilitate the treatment of the reaction products, the exhaust pipe is communicated with a gas incineration device 20, and the discharge pipe is communicated with a liquid neutralization device 21.

[0020] To achieve rapid pressure relief in case of an explosion during the reaction process and to be able to observe the reaction process and the liquid level situation, a bursting disc 22 and an observation window 23 are arranged on the reaction kettle. The bursting disc is installed on the top of the reaction kettle, and the observation window is installed on the side wall of the reaction kettle at the water-oil interface in the cavity. The observation window uses a high boron tempered glass sight glass.

[0021] In order to more safely handle and deliver the collected waste metallic sodium, a closed pulverizer 24 is arranged at the feed port. The pulverizer is provided with an openable and closed feed port. The pulverizer outlet is connected to the feed port through a pipeline. The pulverizer is provided with an inert gas pipe 26 with a control valve II 25. The inert gas pipe is connected to an inert gas source, and the inert gas source is nitrogen. When in use, the collected waste metallic sodium is fed into the pulverizer through the feed port on the pulverizer. After the feeding is completed, the feed port is closed, the control valve II is opened, and nitrogen is continuously filled into the pulverizer to ensure that the waste metallic sodium does not explode during the cutting process. The pulverizer is started to cut the waste metallic sodium into small pieces. The waste metallic sodium cut into small pieces enters the inner cavity of the reactor from the feed port through the pipeline.

[0022] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Intermittent waste sodium metal treatment equipment, including a sealed reaction kettle (1) and a control unit (2), the reaction kettle is provided with an opening and closing feed port (3), and is characterized in that: The reaction kettle is provided with an air inlet pipe (5) with a regulating valve I (4), an oil inlet pipe (7) with a regulating valve II (6), and a water inlet pipe (9) with a regulating valve III (8) at intervals from top to bottom. The air inlet pipe is communicated with an air blower (10), the oil inlet pipe is communicated with an oil source, and the water inlet pipe is communicated with a water source. An exhaust pipe (11) is provided at the upper part of the reaction kettle, and an exhaust fan (12) is provided on the exhaust pipe. A discharge pipe (14) with a control valve I (13) is provided at the lower part of the reaction kettle. A liquid level sensor (15) and a gas sensor (16) are provided in the reaction kettle. The regulating valve I, the regulating valve II, the regulating valve III, the air blower, the exhaust fan, the control valve I, the liquid level sensor, and the gas sensor are electrically connected to a control unit.

2. The intermittent waste sodium metal treatment equipment according to claim 1, wherein: The reaction kettle is provided with a jacket (17), and the jacket covers the middle and lower parts of the reaction kettle. The inner cavity of the jacket is communicated with the circulating water inlet pipe and the circulating water return pipe of a circulating water cooling device (18). A temperature sensor (19) is provided in the reaction kettle, and the probe of the temperature sensor extends into the liquid in the inner cavity of the reaction kettle. The circulating water cooling device and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the control unit.

3. The intermittent waste sodium metal treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe is communicated with a gas incineration device (20), and the discharge pipe is communicated with a liquid neutralization device (21).

4. The intermittent waste sodium metal treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rupture disc (22) and an observation window (23) are provided on the reaction kettle.

5. The intermittent waste sodium metal treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A closed crusher (24) is provided at the feed inlet. The crusher is provided with an openable and closable feeding port. The outlet of the crusher is butted against the feed inlet through a pipeline. An inert gas pipe (26) with a control valve II (25) is provided on the crusher, and the inert gas pipe is communicated with an inert gas source.

Images