Experimental device for simulating influence of deepwater lake environment change on ecological system
By designing experimental devices that include control systems such as light, temperature, pH, and pressure, the problem of deep-water lake environment simulation is solved, and accurate experimental data is provided to support the reconstruction and restoration of the ecosystem.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421890411.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing experimental devices are difficult to accurately simulate the high-pressure and low-temperature environment of deep-water lakes under laboratory conditions, resulting in inaccurate experimental data, unable to effectively guide field practice, and lack of research on the comprehensive impact of multiple factors.
An experimental device was designed, including an environmental factor control unit and an online monitoring unit, including light, temperature, pH, pressure and other control systems and automatic sampling systems, which can simulate the dynamic environmental changes of deep water lakes and provide accurate experimental data through comprehensive experiments of multiple factors.
Accurate simulation of the impact on deep-water lake ecosystems was achieved, systematic and accurate experimental data were obtained, and the research on the reconstruction and restoration of the ecosystem was guided.
Smart Images
Figure CN223065815U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to an experimental device, in particular to an experimental device for simulating the influence of deep - water lake environmental changes on the ecosystem. Background Art
[0002] Deep - water lakes generally have a strong water self - purification ability. However, with the intensification of human activities, the water nutrient level has been continuously increasing, and the ecosystem has undergone significant changes. After the pollution exceeds its self - purification ability, it is more difficult to treat than shallow lakes. Therefore, the pollution problem of deep - water lakes has gradually become an important part of water pollution treatment and renovation projects. However, due to the large area of actual rivers and lakes and the large fluctuation of river - bottom elevation, it is difficult to select experimental sites in the field according to the requirements of experiments. At the same time, the growth of planktonic animals and plants, benthic animals, microorganisms, etc. in the water ecosystem is affected by temperature, water pressure, physical and chemical factors, and other uncontrollable factors, and the influence degrees of these environmental factors are not necessarily equivalent. This leads to the difficulty in obtaining accurate and systematic experimental data during on - site tests.
[0003] Due to the uncontrollability of on - site experiments, simulating the influence of deep - water lake environment on the ecosystem under laboratory conditions will undoubtedly obtain more accurate and systematic data. However, due to the characteristics of high pressure and low temperature in deep - water lakes, conventional experimental devices cannot simulate the deep - water environment required for experiments, resulting in inaccurate experimental data and difficulty in guiding practice, which has become a limiting factor in the research on deep - water lake water pollution treatment and water ecological restoration.
[0004] Currently, the existing devices under laboratory conditions have relatively single functions and have the following problems: (1) There is insufficient dynamic and quantitative research on the influence mechanism of relevant influencing factors on the ecosystem; (2) Considering the internal connections and interactions of multiple factors, there are few comprehensive studies carried out; (3) Conventional laboratory devices are difficult to simulate the low - temperature and high - pressure conditions of deep - water environments; (4) Experimental results cannot effectively guide field practice.
[0005] Therefore, designing a device that can accurately monitor and control the influence of factors such as dissolved oxygen, light, water pressure, pH value, temperature, etc. on the ecosystem can obtain accurate and systematic experimental data. Summary of the Utility Model
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to address the above problems and propose an experimental device for simulating the influence of deep - water lake environmental changes on the ecosystem. Through comprehensive experiments simulating factors such as water level, water pressure, dissolved oxygen, light, temperature, and pH value, the dynamic simulation of the deep - water environment can be achieved.
[0007] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides an experimental device for simulating the impact of deep - water lake environmental changes on the ecosystem, including an environmental factor control unit and an on - line monitoring unit. The environmental factor control unit includes a light control system, a temperature control system, a DO control system, a pH control system, a pressure control system and an automatic sampling system. The on - line monitoring unit includes monitoring sensors for water body N, P and COD parameters.
[0008] The light control system is arranged above the inner side of the incubator and includes an LED light source with adjustable illuminance and a light control device.
[0009] The temperature control system includes a temperature sensor, a heater, a cooler and a temperature control device arranged in the incubator.
[0010] The DO control system includes a nitrogen cylinder and an oxygen cylinder arranged in the gas cylinder storage cabinet, an air pipeline connecting the nitrogen cylinder and the oxygen cylinder to the incubator, and a dissolved oxygen control device.
[0011] The pH control system includes a precision metering pump, a pH sensor, a chemical reagent storage tank and a pH control device. The control cabinet adjusts and controls the precision metering pump to add acid solution or alkali solution from the chemical reagent storage tank.
[0012] The pressure control system includes a pressure sensor, a water pressure control device, a ventilation valve and a pressure valve. The water pressure control device controls the ventilation valve to apply pressure to the incubator.
[0013] The automatic sampling system includes a sampling head, a sampling bottle, a sampling controller and a peristaltic pump. Under the control of the sampling controller, the water sample is collected into the sampling bottle through the sampling head and the peristaltic pump.
[0014] Preferably, the temperature adjustment range of the temperature control device is 0 - 50 °C.
[0015] Preferably, the dissolved oxygen control device includes a dissolved oxygen sensor, a controller and an aerator.
[0016] Preferably, the LED light source includes a lamp tube, a lamp tube circuit and an adjustable resistor.
[0017] Based on the above technical solutions, the advantages of the utility model are:
[0018] 1. The test factors are artificially controllable, settable and adjustable, which can minimize the interference of uncontrollable factors and obtain more accurate data;
[0019] 2. Considering multiple factors comprehensively, the obtained data is more systematic;
[0020] 3. The application range is relatively wide, which can meet the requirements of preset test conditions in a large range to meet the basic needs of different test objectives;
[0021] 4. It can automatically operate continuously for a long time, saving manpower and material resources;
[0022] 5. The device occupies a small area, has a low cost, and is easy to operate;
[0023] 6. According to the experimental requirements, it can flexibly adopt a single device to set different parameters for experiments in batches, or multiple devices to set different parameters to conduct experiments simultaneously, and compare the impact of changes in environmental factors on the water ecosystem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:
[0025] Figure 1 Shown is the gas cylinder storage cabinet of the present invention for placing nitrogen cylinders and oxygen cylinders;
[0026] Figure 2 Shown is the structural diagram of the control cabinet of the present invention for controlling environmental factors and automatically sampling and monitoring;
[0027] Figure 3 Shown is the structural diagram of the incubator of the present invention for simulating the deep - water lake environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
[0029] The present invention provides an experimental device for simulating the impact of changes in the deep - water lake environment on the ecosystem, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, in which a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0030] Specifically, the experimental device includes an environmental factor control unit and an on - line monitoring unit. The environmental factor control unit includes a light control system, a temperature control system, a DO control system, a pH control system, a pressure control system, and an automatic sampling system. The on - line monitoring unit includes monitoring sensors for water body N, P, and COD parameters.
[0031] The light control system is arranged above the inner side of the incubator 33 and includes an LED light source 31 with adjustable illuminance. The incubator 33 is provided with an LED light source 31, and the intensity of the light can be regulated. Preferably, the LED light source 31 includes a lamp tube, a lamp tube circuit, and an adjustable resistor. By changing the current passing through the lamp tube through the adjustable resistor, the light intensity is changed, realizing precise adjustment and control of the light of the device.
[0032] A lighting device is set above the incubator, and there is a lighting control system connected to the lighting device. During the experiment, different lighting conditions can be simulated. The dimming method is to control the brightness by adjusting the current of the LED lamp at different gears. Simulate sunlight through the lighting control system, simulate sunlight by turning on and off the lamp power supply at different times, and simulate different light intensities by adjusting different brightness levels at different gears.
[0033] The temperature control system includes a temperature sensor, a heater, a cooler, and a temperature control device 36 set inside the incubator 33. Preferably, the temperature adjustment range of the temperature control device 36 is 0 - 50 °C. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature change in real time, and the temperature control device 36 realizes precise adjustment and control of the equipment temperature by controlling the heater and the cooler.
[0034] Furthermore, the DO control system includes a nitrogen cylinder and an oxygen cylinder set inside the gas cylinder storage cabinet, a gas transmission pipeline connecting the nitrogen cylinder and the oxygen cylinder to the incubator 33, and a dissolved oxygen control device 38. Preferably, the dissolved oxygen control device 38 includes a dissolved oxygen sensor, a controller, and an aeration pump. The dissolved oxygen sensor can monitor the change in the dissolved oxygen concentration of the equipment in real time, and the controller realizes precise adjustment and control of the dissolved oxygen of the equipment by controlling the aeration pump. The gas transmission pipelines are respectively led into the container, and according to the test requirements, the DO concentration of the water body can be adjusted. Nitrogen is provided to reduce the DO concentration, and oxygen is provided to increase the DO concentration.
[0035] By setting a gas supply device for each reaction flask, the gas supply device includes an oxygen delivery pipe and a nitrogen delivery pipe connected to the reaction flask at one end, an oxygen cylinder is set at the other end of the oxygen delivery pipe, and a nitrogen cylinder is set at the other end of the nitrogen delivery pipe. During the experiment, when the DO content of the water sample in the incubator is low, its DO value can be increased by increasing the oxygen delivery amount. When the DO content of the water sample in the incubator is high, its DO value can be reduced by increasing the nitrogen delivery amount, so as to realize the experimental simulation of natural water bodies in various dissolved oxygen states.
[0036] The pH control system includes a precision metering pump, a pH sensor, a chemical medicine storage tank, and a pH control device 37. The control cabinet adjusts and controls the precision metering pump to add acid solution or alkali solution from the chemical medicine storage tank.
[0037] The utility model realizes the adjustment of the pH value during the experiment by setting an acid buffer solution storage tank and an alkali buffer solution storage tank above the incubator, and dripping acid solution and alkali solution into the incubator by using an acid solution delivery pipe and an alkali solution delivery pipe.
[0038] Specifically, first, the pH sensor detects the pH value of the liquid in the device and transmits it to the pH meter. Then, according to the set pH value, high and low control points are set on the pH meter. After comparing the input pH signal with the high and low set values, the pH meter outputs a switch signal or a proportional control signal to the control box, and the control cabinet adjusts and controls the metering pump to add acid or alkali solution.
[0039] As Figure 1 shown, the gas cylinder storage cabinet is provided with nitrogen cylinders and oxygen cylinders. The cabinet body is also provided with an alarm light 1 for safety and fault alarm, an alarm bell 2 for safety and fault alarm, a transparent glass 3 for observing the internal situation, a warning sign 4 for identification, a door handle 5 for opening and closing the door, and the internal electrical control is completed through the control cabinet.
[0040] The overall control cabinet uses PLC module programming to achieve electrical control functions. As Figure 2 shown, the fault indicator light 6 is used to display the fault code, the operation indicator light 7 shows the operation status, the start button 8 serves as the start switch, the stop button 9 is used to stop, the control panel 10 is installed with a display screen and is provided with various control buttons, the door handle 11 is used to open and close the door, the ventilation hole 12 is used for heat dissipation, the power indicator light 13 is used to display the power status, the power switch 14 is used to start the power supply, and the display screen 15 is used to display control information.
[0041] Further, the up button 16, left button 17, down button 18, and right button 19 are used to set the direction, and the set / confirm button 20 is used to set and confirm. The time setting button 21 sets the time, the light intensity setting button 22 is used to set the light intensity, the pH setting button 23 is used to control the pH, the dissolved oxygen setting button 24 is used to control the solubility, the temperature setting button 25 is used to set the temperature, the pressure setting button 26 is used to set the water pressure, the fault reset button 27 is used to reset the control system, and the emergency brake button 28 is used to stop the movement of the moving parts in case of emergency.
[0042] The pressure control system includes a pressure sensor, a water pressure control device 39, a ventilation valve, and a pressure valve 29. The water pressure control device 39 controls the ventilation valve to apply pressure to the incubator 33.
[0043] The incubator 33 has a fully sealed structure. When water is injected, the air inside is compressed, automatically increasing the pressure. The pressure sensor can monitor the pressure of the equipment in real time. The water pressure control device realizes the function of reducing the water pressure by controlling the opening and closing of the ventilation valve. The pressure valve 29 is used for safety pressure relief.
[0044] Further, the automatic sampling system includes a sampling head, a sampling bottle, a sampling controller 40, and a peristaltic pump. Under the control of the sampling controller 40, the water sample is collected into the sampling bottle through the sampling head and the peristaltic pump.
[0045] The online monitoring unit includes monitoring sensors for water body N, P, and COD parameters, etc., which are used to monitor the physical and chemical indexes of the water body. By setting the water body online monitoring unit, the water sample parameters in the incubator can be monitored in real time, so that the experimenters can adjust each parameter in time during the experiment, which is beneficial to accurately monitor and control the water body parameters in the whole experiment process and prevent the experiment process from being affected by uncontrollable factors.
[0046] When in use, the following steps can be referred to:
[0047] 1. Put the phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthic animals or microorganisms required for the experiment and the experimental water into the incubator.
[0048] 2. According to the survey data of water body light, pressure, water temperature, pH value, DO, etc. corresponding to the deep lake environment required for the experiment, set the corresponding parameters in the control cabinet, turn on the lighting equipment, pressurization equipment, heating / cooling equipment, acid-base adjustment equipment and gas cylinder valves, and adjust the DO concentration of the water body to simulate the deep lake environment;
[0049] 3. Continuously monitor the changes of relevant parameters of the water body through the online monitoring unit;
[0050] 4. According to the experimental purpose and requirements, take out the phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthic animals or microorganisms in the incubator and detect the relevant parameters such as abundance / density, biomass, pollutant tissue content, etc.;
[0051] 5. Check the operation platform and the experiment is over.
[0052] The experimental device of the present utility model can provide accurate and systematic experimental data, guide the reconstruction of the deep lake ecosystem, restore the functions of the aquatic ecosystem, can be used to systematically study the dominant and non-dominant factors affecting phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthic animals and microorganisms in the water ecosystem, and can also conduct dynamic and quantitative research on the influence mechanism of relevant environmental factors on biological groups such as phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthic animals and microorganisms.
[0053] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and not to limit them; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: still can modify the specific implementation manners of the present utility model or make equivalent replacements for some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present utility model, they should all be covered by the scope of the technical solutions claimed by the present utility model.
Claims
1. An experimental device for simulating the impact of changes in the deep - water lake environment on the ecosystem, characterized in that: It includes an environmental factor control unit and an on-line monitoring unit. The environmental factor control unit includes a light control system, a temperature control system, a DO control system, a pH control system, a pressure control system and an automatic sampling system. The on-line monitoring unit includes monitoring sensors for water body N, P and COD parameters; The light control system is arranged above the inner side of the incubator (33) and includes an LED light source (31) with adjustable illuminance and a light control device (34); The temperature control system includes a temperature sensor, a heater, a cooler and a temperature control device (36) arranged in the incubator (33); The DO control system includes a nitrogen gas cylinder and an oxygen gas cylinder arranged in the gas cylinder storage cabinet, an air delivery pipeline connecting the nitrogen gas cylinder and the oxygen gas cylinder to the incubator (33) and a dissolved oxygen control device (38); The pH control system includes a precision metering pump, a pH sensor, a chemical medicine storage tank and a pH control device (37). The control cabinet adjusts and controls the precision metering pump to add acid solution or alkali solution from the chemical medicine storage tank; The pressure control system includes a pressure sensor, a water pressure control device (39), a ventilation valve and a pressure valve (29). The water pressure control device (39) controls the ventilation valve to apply pressure to the incubator (33); The automatic sampling system includes a sampling head, a sampling bottle, a sampling controller (40) and a peristaltic pump. Under the control of the sampling controller (40), the water sample is collected into the sampling bottle through the sampling head and the peristaltic pump.
2. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature adjustment range of the temperature control device (36) is 0 - 50 °C.
3. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dissolved oxygen control device (38) includes a dissolved oxygen sensor, a controller and an oxygenation pump.
4. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The LED light source (31) includes a lamp tube, a lamp tube circuit and an adjustable resistor.