Water resource six-in-one original ecological prevention and control integration

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial lakes, and discloses a water resource six-in-one original ecological control integration which comprises an anti-seepage structure, and the artificial lake is provided with a lake bottom area, a revetment area and a shore top area; the anti-seepage structure comprises a bearing base layer, a waterproof blanket and a backfill soil layer. Aquatic animals, net algae biological populations and aquatic plants are arranged in the artificial lake, and the lake bottom area is provided with an iron wire cage and is filled with a planting soil layer and a plurality of stones; concrete blocks are arranged in the revetment area, and a plurality of pores and inhabiting cavities for aquatic animals to inhabit are formed in the concrete blocks; the inhabiting cavities penetrate through the peripheries of the concrete blocks to form a plurality of side openings, the side openings of the adjacent concrete blocks are aligned and communicated, and cross elastic nets are arranged in the inhabiting cavities; a plurality of trees are planted on the bank top area; on the basis of effectively preventing leakage of water resources, a complete aquatic ecosystem is constructed, so that ecological prevention and control of the water resources are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent relates to the technical field of artificial lakes, specifically to the integrated ecological prevention and control of water resources. Background Technology

[0002] Artificial lakes, by increasing wetland area, can effectively absorb carbon dioxide, release oxygen, and regulate local climate (such as lowering temperature and changing wind speed and direction). At the same time, they provide habitats for animals and plants, promote biodiversity, and become important nodes in ecological balance.

[0003] Therefore, the effectiveness of water resource ecological management in artificial lakes is of decisive significance.

[0004] In existing technologies, artificial lakes often adopt a combination of "rigid seepage prevention + mechanical aeration + regular addition of bacterial agents": geomembranes, bentonite blankets or cast-in-place concrete are generally laid on the lake bottom and revetment to achieve seepage prevention; water quality maintenance relies on fountain aeration, microporous aeration or chemical / microbial agents; revetment is mostly masonry, concrete retaining walls or simple gabion cages.

[0005] While the above combination can meet the basic water storage function, it has shortcomings in terms of water resource ecological prevention and control: On the one hand, the hardening of the lake bottom and the revetment surface makes it difficult for emergent and submerged plants to establish themselves, resulting in low aquatic vegetation coverage and weak in-situ absorption capacity for pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus. In addition, the lack of continuous and hidden habitat space makes it impossible for fish, benthic animals and zooplankton to form stable communities, resulting in a simple food web structure and easy algal blooms.

[0006] On the other hand, the impermeable layer, revetment structure, and vegetation belt are designed independently, and non-point source pollutants carried by rainwater runoff and endogenous pollutants in sediments cannot be reduced simultaneously in the same system. In addition, the high energy consumption of aeration equipment and repeated chemical dosing keep the operation and maintenance costs high, which is inconsistent with the low impact development concept of sponge cities and cannot meet the current requirements of improving water resource conservation capacity and improving the effect of water environment management. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a six-in-one integrated ecological prevention and control system for water resources, aiming to solve the problem that the ecological prevention and control effect of water resources is poor in the existing technology.

[0008] This invention is implemented as follows: a six-in-one integrated ecological water resource management system, including a seepage-proof structure covering an artificial lake. The artificial lake has a lakebed area at its bottom, a revetment area around its perimeter, and a top area at its top. The seepage-proof structure includes a load-bearing base layer, a waterproof blanket, and a backfill layer. The load-bearing base layer covers the top area, the revetment area, and the lakebed area. The waterproof blanket covers the load-bearing base layer, and the backfill layer covers the waterproof blanket.

[0009] The artificial lake is home to aquatic animals, algae-controlling organisms, and aquatic plants. Wire cages, flat and laid out on the backfill soil layer, are installed on the lakebed. Each wire cage is filled with planting soil containing multiple stones arranged in a scattered manner and encased within the planting soil. Aquatic plants float above the wire cages, their roots penetrating the cages and embedding themselves in the planting soil layer.

[0010] The revetment area is piled with multiple square-shaped concrete blocks, which are laid in the backfill soil layer. The concrete blocks have multiple pores, forming habitats for aquatic animals. The habitats extend through the outer perimeter of the concrete blocks, forming multiple side openings. The side openings of adjacent concrete blocks are aligned and connected. The habitats are equipped with cross-shaped elastic nets. Various trees are planted on the top of the bank.

[0011] Furthermore, the waterproof blanket comprises two layers of fabric arranged at intervals facing each other, with an inner cavity between the two layers of fabric, the inner cavity being filled with sodium-based bentonite; the two layers of fabric are a composite geotextile layer and a non-woven fabric layer, respectively, and the sodium-based bentonite is sandwiched between the composite geotextile layer and the non-woven fabric layer.

[0012] Furthermore, the shoreline area is provided with a side ditch, which is arranged around the perimeter of the artificial lake. The outer perimeter of the waterproof blanket has an outer perimeter portion, which is embedded in the side ditch. The backfill soil layer fills the side ditch and fixes the outer perimeter portion in the side ditch.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer periphery has a bottom section that abuts against the bottom of the ditch, and an anchoring nail is inserted through the bottom section. The top of the anchoring nail is provided with a nail head, which is arranged to arch upwards and forms a cap cavity with a bottom opening. The top of the anchoring nail is inserted into the cap cavity and connected to the middle of the nail head, and the bottom of the anchoring nail is inserted into the load-bearing base layer.

[0014] The nail head is surrounded by an elastic outer strip, which presses against the bottom section. The bottom section closes the bottom opening of the nail head, the cap cavity is left empty, and the backfill soil layer covers the nail head.

[0015] Furthermore, the cap cavity is provided with an elastic sealing ring, which is arranged around the circumference of the anchor nail. The top of the sealing ring abuts against the inner wall of the nail head, and the bottom of the sealing ring extends downward and is flush with the bottom opening. The bottom of the sealing ring is arc-shaped and abuts against the bottom section. The sealing ring is in a state of compression deformation.

[0016] Furthermore, the waterproof blanket has a lake bottom waterproof section covering the lake bottom area, and the bottom of the lake bottom waterproof section is connected to an annularly arranged elastic ring, which is arranged around the center of the lake bottom waterproof section and embedded in the load-bearing base layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the waterproof blanket has an outer waterproof portion covering the revetment area, the outer waterproof portion forming pleated sections embedded in the load-bearing base layer; the pleated sections forming an upward-facing top groove, the backfill soil layer filling the top groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the wire cage has a horizontally arranged elastic plate in the middle, which is laid flat in the same direction as the wire cage and is wrapped in the planting soil layer; the elastic plate has multiple through holes that run vertically through it, through which the roots of the aquatic plants pass; along the laying direction of the elastic plate, the elastic plate is arranged in multiple curved sections.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the stone is wrapped with an elastic mesh layer, and the elastic mesh layer is provided with a plurality of elastic protrusions, which are arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the stone; the elastic protrusions are embedded in the planting soil layer and are in an elastic compression deformation state under pressure.

[0020] Furthermore, the concrete block is cuboid in shape, the habitat cavity extends through the outer periphery of the concrete block to form four side openings, the habitat cavity extends through the top of the concrete block to form a top opening, and the bottom of the habitat cavity is closed; two elastic nets divide the habitat cavity into four adjacent partitioned areas, and the four partitioned areas are respectively arranged facing the four side openings; biomimetic aquatic plants are attached to the elastic nets.

[0021] Compared with existing technologies, the integrated six-in-one ecological water resource management system provided by this invention effectively prevents water leakage and constructs a complete aquatic ecosystem, thereby achieving ecological water resource management. Specifically, it has the following technical advantages:

[0022] 1) A continuous and complete water barrier is formed from the top of the bank, the revetment area to the bottom of the lake through the seepage prevention structure (load-bearing base layer → waterproof blanket → backfill soil layer), which prevents water leakage and cross-contamination of groundwater, so that the artificial lake can store water stably for a long time, providing the basic condition of "water first" for subsequent ecological prevention and control.

[0023] 2) By setting up wire cages in the lake bottom area, filling the wire cages with planting soil and several scattered stones, aquatic plants float on top of the wire cages and their roots penetrate the wire cages and are implanted in the planting soil. This provides a stable growth environment for aquatic plants, allowing their roots to firmly take root in the planting soil, thereby enhancing the aquatic plants' ability to absorb nutrients from the water and effectively purifying the water quality. At the same time, the presence of stones can prevent the planting soil from being washed away by the water flow, maintaining the stability of the lake bottom ecosystem.

[0024] 3) Multiple pores and habitats are formed in the concrete blocks piled up in the revetment area. The habitats run through the outer perimeter of the concrete blocks and are equipped with cross-shaped elastic nets. This structural design provides habitats and breeding grounds for aquatic animals, increasing their diversity. Moreover, aquatic animals and algae-controlling organisms can work together to control algae growth, maintain the ecological balance of the water body, and thus enhance the ecological control effect.

[0025] 4) Planting a variety of trees in the top bank area can reduce the direct impact of rainwater runoff on the lake water and reduce the risk of rainwater carrying pollutants into the lake water. At the same time, the root system of the trees also helps to stabilize the soil and prevent soil erosion.

[0026] 5) Through the synergistic effect of aquatic animals, algae-purifying organisms, and aquatic plants within the same seepage prevention system, a three-in-one cycle of "storage-purification-maintenance" is achieved, ultimately allowing water sources that were originally eutrophic or had large fluctuations in water quality to maintain "good water" for a long time without the need for additional chemical agents and high-energy-consuming equipment, thereby completely overcoming the shortcomings of poor ecological prevention and control of water resources. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the six-in-one original ecological prevention and control system for water resources provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This invention provides Figure 1 Enlarged view of the area marked A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the anchor bolt provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the stone block provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the concrete block provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the elastic net provided by the present invention;

[0033] In the diagram: artificial lake 100, lake bottom area 101, revetment area 102, top bank area 103, backfill layer 104, load-bearing base layer 105;

[0034] Waterproof blanket 200, outer perimeter 201, bottom section 202, anchor nail 203, nail head 204, cap cavity 205, outer perimeter strip 206, sealing ring 207;

[0035] Wire cage 300, planting soil layer 301, stones 302, aquatic plants 303, elastic netting layer 304, elastic protrusions 305;

[0036] Concrete block 400, habitat 401, side opening 402, top opening 403, elastic net 404, zoned area 405, biomimetic aquatic plants 406. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0038] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0039] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Reference Figure 1-6 The image shown is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] The integrated water resource management system encompasses six aspects: ecological prevention and control, including a seepage-proof structure covering the artificial lake 100. The artificial lake 100 has a lake bottom area 101 at its bottom, a revetment area 102 around its perimeter, and a shore top area 103 at its top. The seepage-proof structure includes a load-bearing base layer 105, a waterproof blanket 200, and a backfill layer. The load-bearing base layer 105 covers the shore top area 103, the revetment area 102, and the lake bottom area 101. The waterproof blanket 200 covers the load-bearing base layer 105, and the backfill layer covers the waterproof blanket 200.

[0042] The artificial lake 100 is home to aquatic animals, algae-purifying organisms, and aquatic plants 303. Wire cages 300 are installed on the lake bottom 101, laid flat on the backfill soil layer. Planting soil 301 is filled inside the wire cages 300, and multiple stones 302 are scattered and encased within the planting soil layer 301. Aquatic plants 303 float above the wire cages 300, and their roots penetrate the wire cages 300 and are implanted in the planting soil layer 301.

[0043] On the revetment area 102, there are multiple square-shaped concrete blocks 400. The concrete blocks 400 are laid in the backfill soil layer. Multiple pores are formed in the concrete blocks 400, forming habitat cavities 401 for aquatic animals to inhabit. The habitat cavities 401 penetrate the outer periphery of the concrete blocks 400, forming multiple side openings 402. The side openings 402 of adjacent concrete blocks 400 are aligned and connected. The habitat cavities 401 are equipped with cross-shaped elastic nets 404. Various trees are planted on the top bank area 103.

[0044] The aforementioned integrated ecological water resource management system effectively prevents water leakage and constructs a complete aquatic ecosystem, thereby achieving ecological water resource management. Specifically, it has the following technical advantages:

[0045] 1) Through the seepage prevention structure (load-bearing base layer 105 → waterproof blanket 200 → backfill soil layer), a continuous and complete water barrier is formed from the top of the bank 103, the revetment area 102 to the bottom of the lake 101, which prevents water leakage and cross-contamination of groundwater, so that the artificial lake 100 can store water stably for a long time, providing the basic condition of "having water first" for subsequent ecological prevention and control.

[0046] 2) By setting up a wire cage 300 in the lake bottom area 101, the wire cage 300 is filled with a planting soil layer 301 and several scattered stones 302. Aquatic plants 303 float above the wire cage 300 and their roots penetrate the wire cage 300 and are planted in the planting soil layer 301. In this way, a stable growth environment can be provided for the aquatic plants 303, so that their roots can be firmly rooted in the planting soil layer 301, thereby enhancing the aquatic plants 303's ability to absorb nutrients in the water and effectively purifying the water quality. At the same time, the presence of stones 302 can prevent the planting soil layer 301 from being washed away by the water flow and maintain the stability of the lake bottom ecosystem.

[0047] 3) Multiple pores and habitat cavities 401 are formed in the concrete blocks 400 piled up in the revetment area 102. The habitat cavities 401 penetrate the outer periphery of the concrete blocks 400 and are provided with cross-shaped elastic nets 404. Through this structural design, a habitat and breeding ground for aquatic animals are provided, increasing the diversity of aquatic animals. Moreover, aquatic animals and algae-controlling organisms can work together to control the growth of algae, maintain the ecological balance of the water body, and thus enhance the ecological control effect.

[0048] 4) Planting a variety of trees in the top 103 area of ​​the shore can reduce the direct impact of rainwater runoff on the lake water and reduce the risk of rainwater carrying pollutants into the lake water. At the same time, the root system of the trees also helps to stabilize the soil and prevent soil erosion.

[0049] 5) Through the synergistic effect of aquatic animals, algae-purifying biological populations, and aquatic plants 303 within the same seepage prevention system, a three-in-one cycle of "storage-purification-maintenance" is achieved, ultimately allowing water sources that were originally eutrophic or had large fluctuations in water quality to maintain "good water" for a long time without the need for additional chemical agents and high-energy-consuming equipment, thereby completely overcoming the shortcomings of poor ecological prevention and control of water resources.

[0050] In this embodiment, the waterproof blanket 200 includes two layers of fabric arranged at intervals facing each other, with an inner cavity between the two layers of fabric, and the inner cavity is filled with sodium-based bentonite; the two layers of fabric are a composite geotextile layer and a non-woven fabric layer, and the sodium-based bentonite is sandwiched between the composite geotextile layer and the non-woven fabric layer.

[0051] Sodium-based bentonite, with its excellent water-swelling and waterproof properties, can form a dense waterproof layer in the inner cavity, thereby improving the overall seepage prevention effect of the waterproof blanket 200. The outer composite geotextile layer and the inner non-woven fabric layer work together to not only enhance the strength and durability of the waterproof blanket 200, but also effectively prevent the loss of sodium-based bentonite particles, ensuring the long-term stability of waterproof performance.

[0052] In this embodiment, the top bank area 103 is provided with a side ditch, which is arranged around the perimeter of the artificial lake 100. The outer periphery of the waterproof blanket 200 has an outer periphery 201, which is embedded in the side ditch. The backfill soil layer fills the side ditch and fixes the outer periphery 201 in the side ditch.

[0053] By setting a side ditch in the top bank area 103 and embedding the outer periphery 201 therein, and then fixing it with the backfill layer 104, the outer periphery 201 of the waterproof blanket 200 is tightly bonded to the top bank area 103, which enhances the stability of the waterproof blanket 200 in the top bank area 103, effectively prevents lake water from leaking from the gap between the top bank area 103 and the waterproof blanket 200, and improves the seepage prevention performance of the artificial lake 100.

[0054] In this embodiment, the outer peripheral portion 201 has a bottom section 202 that abuts against the bottom of the side ditch. An anchoring nail 203 is inserted through the bottom section 202. The top of the anchoring nail 203 is provided with a nail head 204. The nail head 204 is arranged to arch upwards and surrounds to form a cap cavity 205 with a bottom opening. The top of the anchoring nail 203 is inserted into the cap cavity 205 and connected to the middle of the nail head 204. The bottom of the anchoring nail 203 is inserted into the load-bearing base layer 105.

[0055] The nail head 204 is wrapped with an elastic outer strip 206, which presses against the bottom section 202. The bottom section 202 closes the bottom opening of the nail head 204, leaving the cap cavity 205 empty. The backfill soil layer covers the nail head 204.

[0056] The combination of anchor nail 203, nail head 204, and outer peripheral strip 206 securely fixes the outer peripheral part 201 to the bottom of the ditch, preventing it from shifting or loosening under the pressure of lake water. At the same time, the elastic outer peripheral strip 206 can seal the contact area between the outer peripheral part 201 and the nail head 204, thereby enhancing the fixing strength and sealing effect of the outer peripheral part 201 at the bottom of the ditch and effectively preventing lake water from seeping from the bottom of the ditch.

[0057] In this embodiment, the cap cavity 205 is provided with an elastic sealing ring 207. The sealing ring 207 is arranged around the circumference of the anchor nail 203. The top of the sealing ring 207 abuts against the inner sidewall of the nail cap 204, and the bottom of the sealing ring 207 extends downward and is flush with the bottom opening. The bottom of the sealing ring 207 is arc-shaped and abuts against the bottom section 202. The sealing ring 207 is in a compressed deformation state.

[0058] By utilizing the sealing ring 207, an elastic sealing barrier is formed around the anchor nail 203. After compression and deformation, it fits tightly against the inner wall of the nail head 204 and the bottom section 202, improving the sealing performance of the anchoring part and preventing lake water from leaking through the gap between the anchor nail 203 and the outer periphery 201, thus enhancing the reliability of the entire seepage prevention system.

[0059] In this embodiment, the waterproof blanket 200 has a lake bottom waterproof part covering the lake bottom area 101. The bottom of the lake bottom waterproof part is connected to an annularly arranged elastic ring. The elastic ring is arranged around the center of the lake bottom waterproof part and is embedded in the load-bearing base layer 105.

[0060] The design of the elastic ring can effectively adapt to the settlement and deformation of the lake bottom, ensure the tight fit between the waterproof part of the lake bottom and the load-bearing base layer 105, effectively resist the buoyancy and seepage force generated by the water pressure at the bottom of the lake, reduce the risk of leakage at the bottom of the lake, and thus improve the seepage prevention performance of the lake bottom area 101.

[0061] In this embodiment, the waterproof blanket 200 has an outer waterproof portion covering the revetment area 102, the outer waterproof portion forming a pleated section, the pleated section being embedded in the load-bearing base layer 105; the pleated section forming an upward-facing top groove, the top groove being filled by the backfill soil layer.

[0062] By utilizing the characteristics of the pleated section, the outer waterproof part can adapt to the slope changes of the revetment area 102, enhance the adhesion of the waterproof blanket 200 to the revetment area 102, prevent the waterproof blanket 200 from shifting due to slope slippage, and the top groove provides stable support for the backfill soil, ensuring the fixation effect of the waterproof blanket 200 in the revetment area 102.

[0063] In this embodiment, a horizontally arranged elastic plate is provided in the middle of the wire cage 300. The elastic plate is laid flat in the same direction as the wire cage 300 and is wrapped in the planting soil layer 301. The elastic plate has multiple through holes that run vertically through it, through which the roots of the aquatic plants 303 pass. Along the laying direction of the elastic plate, the elastic plate is arranged in multiple curved sections.

[0064] By designing the wire mesh cage 300, a stable growth medium is provided for the aquatic plant 303. The through holes in the elastic plate guide the directional growth of the roots of the aquatic plant 303, improving the root extension efficiency and the ability to absorb nutrients. Furthermore, the multi-segment curved arrangement of the elastic plate effectively prevents water flow from eroding the planting soil, protecting the roots of the aquatic plant 303. This enhances the aquatic plant 303's ability to purify nutrients in the water, improves water quality, and enhances the ecological control effect.

[0065] In this embodiment, the outer periphery of the stone 302 is wrapped with an elastic mesh 404 layer 304, and multiple elastic protrusions 305 are protruding on the elastic mesh 404 layer 304. The multiple elastic protrusions 305 are arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the stone 302. The elastic protrusions 305 are embedded in the planting soil layer 301 and are in an elastic compression deformation state under pressure.

[0066] The use of elastic mesh 404 layer 304 and elastic protrusions 305 effectively prevents the displacement of stones 302 in the planting soil layer 301. At the same time, it provides additional attachment points for the roots of aquatic plants 303, enhancing the stability of the root system. Furthermore, the elastic protrusions 305 can continuously provide rebound force under pressure, resisting the erosion of the planting soil by water flow, maintaining the stability of the lake bottom area 101, and providing a good environment for the growth of aquatic plants 303.

[0067] In this embodiment, the concrete block 400 is cuboid in shape, the habitat cavity 401 penetrates the outer periphery of the concrete block 400 to form four side openings 402, the habitat cavity 401 penetrates the top of the concrete block 400 to form a top opening 403, and the bottom of the habitat cavity 401 is closed; two elastic nets 404 divide the habitat cavity 401 into four adjacent partition areas 405, and the four partition areas 405 are respectively arranged facing the four side openings 402; biomimetic aquatic plants 406 are attached to the elastic nets 404.

[0068] The four side openings 402 and one top opening 403 allow organisms to enter and exit the habitat cavity 401 from multiple directions, increasing their activity range and habitat options. The bottom-closed habitat cavity 401 provides organisms with a relatively safe and stable hiding place, which is conducive to their habitat, reproduction and growth. In this way, the habitat of aquatic animals and algae-controlling organisms is increased, the biodiversity of artificial lake 100 is improved, the food chain cycle of the underwater ecosystem is promoted, and the balance of the underwater ecosystem of artificial lake 100 is restored and maintained, thereby improving the effectiveness of water resource ecological control.

[0069] Moreover, the habitat cavity 401 is divided into multiple partitioned areas 405 by the elastic net 404, which increases the complexity and diversity of the habitat cavity 401. Each partitioned area 405 corresponds to a side opening 402, which allows different species of aquatic animals and algae-eating organisms to choose their habitat according to their own preferences, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the habitat cavity 401.

[0070] The elastic net 404 provides support points for organisms to climb and attach, increasing their activity space and survival opportunities. Meanwhile, the biomimetic aquatic plants 406 further simulate the natural ecological environment, providing organisms with camouflage and hiding places, and enhancing the ecological function of the habitat cavity 401.

[0071] This design is conducive to attracting more aquatic organisms to inhabit and reproduce here, enriching biodiversity, promoting the stability and balance of the underwater ecosystem, and playing an important and positive role in the ecological prevention and control of water resources.

[0072] The following will describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in a specific, clear and complete manner, so as to make the content of the six-in-one original ecological prevention and control of water resources easier to understand.

[0073] Water resources integrated into a six-pronged approach: original ecological prevention and control

[0074] I. Basic Principles

[0075] First, the properties of natural sodium bentonite waterproofing blankets, including waterproofing, breathability, impermeability, and allowing aquatic plant roots to penetrate, are utilized to ensure seepage prevention while not affecting the growth of aquatic plants and animals. Then, by planting a variety of submerged plants and raising aquatic animals and microorganisms, a multi-layered, complementary and symbiotic aquatic food chain is formed, thus constructing an underwater food chain system.

[0076] This system can degrade, fix, or transfer pollutants and nutrients in the water, allowing eutrophic substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus that enter the water to be transformed and absorbed by plants, and ultimately transferred out of the water in the form of plant protein being converted into animal protein (for example, aquatic plants being consumed by fish) or aquatic plants being directly harvested and taken ashore. In this way, a complete system of aquatic plants (producers), aquatic animals (consumers), and microorganisms (decomposers) can be constructed, forming a virtuous cycle, thereby restoring and improving the water body's inherent "biological self-purification" capacity.

[0077] The integrated ecological water management solution comprises six key components: a three-in-one ecological seepage prevention system and a three-in-one ecological restoration system. The three-in-one ecological seepage prevention system consists of a load-bearing base layer system, a natural sodium-based bentonite waterproof blanket seepage prevention system, and a backfill protective layer system, forming an integrated ecological seepage prevention system. The three-in-one ecological restoration system consists of aquatic plants, aquatic animals, and algae-purifying biological populations, forming a complete ecological water management system.

[0078] II. The complementary effects of integrated ecological prevention and control among different ecosystems

[0079] 1) The waterproof blanket in the three-in-one original ecological seepage prevention system has a weak permeability coefficient, so it is breathable but not water-permeable. This breathable function can increase the gas exchange in the artificial lake, which is beneficial to the growth of aquatic plants and animals in the ecological water treatment.

[0080] 2) The submerged plant roots of the three-in-one original ecological restoration system are well-developed and extend horizontally. Once a certain scale of plant distribution population is formed, it can form an extremely dense underwater plant root network, which can effectively fix the bottom soil, prevent soil erosion, further reduce the amount of water seepage, and improve the seepage prevention effect.

[0081] 3) The waterproof blanket in the three-in-one original ecological seepage prevention system is an environmentally friendly and pollution-free material that will not pollute the entire ecosystem of ecological water treatment, nor will it have any adverse effects on the growth of submerged plants and aquatic animals.

[0082] 4) All construction elements used in the three-in-one original ecological restoration system are aquatic plant and aquatic animal species that exist in nature. They are completely ecological, green and environmentally friendly, and will not have any adverse effects on the construction effect of the waterproof blanket.

[0083] 5) The three-in-one original ecological seepage prevention system has a good seepage prevention effect and meets the requirements of ecological water treatment for water body stability. Apart from the daily evaporation and reasonable infiltration, there is basically no need for a large amount of water replenishment.

[0084] 6) The three-in-one original ecological restoration system has excellent water purification and maintenance effects, and can maintain high-quality water quality and water landscape effects for a long time.

[0085] 7) The three-in-one original ecological seepage prevention system requires protection of the construction results in the later stage of seepage prevention construction to avoid damage to the waterproof blanket due to rough construction during the backfilling and compaction, which would affect the seepage prevention effect. Before the construction of the three-in-one original ecological restoration system, the bottom soil layer needs to be cleaned of foreign objects, disinfected and activated. This process can protect, inspect and repair the waterproof blanket, thereby better ensuring the seepage prevention effect.

[0086] 8) Planting aquatic plants at the bottom and slopes of artificial lakes can effectively stabilize the soil at the bottom and slopes, prevent soil slippage, and thus protect the clay protective layer of the waterproof blanket.

[0087] III. Specific Implementation Requirements for the Six-in-One Integrated Ecological Prevention and Control System for Water Resources

[0088] 1) Water supply source for landscape lake: The water supply source must meet the national surface water Class V or above "Surface Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002) for lake water, river water, and runoff rainwater. It may also include no more than 3% of the total water supply volume of national surface water below Class V (without heavy metals or other toxic pollution) and no more than 2% of the total water supply volume of reclaimed water that meets the national sewage discharge standard Class 1A.

[0089] 2) Construction and maintenance process: During the construction and maintenance process, technical means and agents that may cause secondary pollution and ecological damage shall not be used.

[0090] 3) Aquatic plants: Specially improved and cultivated aquatic plants must be used in the aquatic plant base. These plants are evergreen, dwarf, cold-resistant, heat-resistant, disease and pest resistant, and their growth rate can be controlled.

[0091] 4) Algae-purifying biological population: Specially domesticated and improved plankton must be used. These plankton can swallow and digest cyanobacteria and green algae dozens of times their own weight every day, which can quickly improve the transparency of the water.

[0092] 5) Aquatic animals: Populations must be domesticated in breeding bases to maintain their original ecological habits.

[0093] 6) Natural sodium bentonite waterproof blanket: It must meet the design specifications and comply with relevant design requirements.

[0094] IV. A Six-in-One Integrated Ecological Prevention and Control Plan for Water Resources Management

[0095] 1) Spring maintenance: Spring is the peak season for the growth of aquatic plants, and the growth of moss is also relatively fast. The ecosystem function of the water body is gradually enhanced, so it is necessary to carry out necessary maintenance of the water body. According to the dissolved oxygen level of the water body, aquatic animals should be added or removed in a timely manner, and the ecological balance of the water body should be regulated. In April and May, aquatic plants grow rapidly, and some aquatic plants grow out of or approach the water surface, which need to be cut off. At the same time, the water body should be cleaned and garbage should be removed every day.

[0096] The water body is tested monthly, and maintenance priorities are formulated based on the test results. Spring is also the rapid breeding and growth period for various fish, especially herbivorous fish. If the number of fish is too large, it will cause an imbalance in the aquatic ecosystem, affecting the growth of aquatic plants and water transparency. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the types and numbers of fish.

[0097] 2) Summer and Autumn Maintenance: Aquatic plants grow vigorously in summer and autumn. Daily water cleaning is necessary, and water quality should be monitored monthly. Work priorities should be adjusted according to changes in water quality. Special attention should be paid to May and September, which are the transition months between high-temperature and cold-water plants. Any issues that arise in the water should be addressed promptly. After each harvest of aquatic plants, care should be taken to maintain submerged plants to ensure that wounds heal quickly and prevent rot that could lead to plant death.

[0098] 3) Winter maintenance: Winter maintenance mainly involves water quality monitoring and patrolling the water area, as well as cleaning the water surface. It is necessary to clean up any aquatic plant leaves that have frozen and rotted due to low temperatures, and to remove algae to ensure water quality and landscape effect.

[0099] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A six-in-one integrated system for water resource management and ecological prevention, characterized by: The system includes a seepage-proof structure covering an artificial lake, the artificial lake having a lakebed area at its bottom, a revetment area around its perimeter, and a top area at its top. The seepage-proof structure includes a load-bearing base layer, a waterproof blanket, and a backfill layer. The load-bearing base layer covers the top area, the revetment area, and the lakebed area. The waterproof blanket covers the load-bearing base layer, and the backfill layer covers the waterproof blanket. The artificial lake is home to aquatic animals, algae-controlling organisms, and aquatic plants. Wire cages, flat and laid out on the backfill soil layer, are installed on the lakebed. Each wire cage is filled with planting soil containing multiple stones arranged in a scattered manner and encased within the planting soil. Aquatic plants float above the wire cages, their roots penetrating the cages and embedding themselves in the planting soil layer. The revetment area is piled with multiple square-shaped concrete blocks, which are laid in the backfill soil layer. The concrete blocks have multiple pores, forming habitats for aquatic animals. The habitats extend through the outer perimeter of the concrete blocks, forming multiple side openings. The side openings of adjacent concrete blocks are aligned and connected. The habitats are equipped with cross-shaped elastic nets. Various trees are planted on the top of the bank.

2. The integrated ecological prevention and control system for water resources as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The waterproof blanket comprises two layers of fabric arranged at intervals facing each other, with an inner cavity between the two layers of fabric, the inner cavity being filled with sodium-based bentonite; the two layers of fabric are a composite geotextile layer and a non-woven fabric layer, and the sodium-based bentonite is sandwiched between the composite geotextile layer and the non-woven fabric layer.

3. The integrated ecological prevention and control system for water resources as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The shoreline area is provided with a side ditch, which is arranged around the perimeter of the artificial lake. The outer perimeter of the waterproof blanket has an outer perimeter portion, which is embedded in the side ditch. The backfill soil layer fills the side ditch and fixes the outer perimeter portion in the side ditch.

4. The integrated ecological prevention and control system for water resources as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The outer periphery has a bottom section that abuts against the bottom of the ditch. An anchor nail is inserted through the bottom section. The top of the anchor nail is provided with a nail head. The nail head is arranged to be arched upwards and the nail head surrounds to form a cap cavity with a bottom opening. The top of the anchor nail is inserted into the cap cavity and connected to the middle of the nail head. The bottom of the anchor nail is inserted into the load-bearing base layer. The nail head is surrounded by an elastic outer strip, which presses against the bottom section. The bottom section closes the bottom opening of the nail head, the cap cavity is left empty, and the backfill soil layer covers the nail head.

5. The integrated ecological prevention and control system for water resources as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The cap cavity is provided with an elastic sealing ring, which is arranged around the circumference of the anchor nail. The top of the sealing ring abuts against the inner sidewall of the nail head, and the bottom of the sealing ring extends downward and is flush with the bottom opening. The bottom of the sealing ring is arc-shaped and abuts against the bottom section. The sealing ring is in a state of compression deformation.

6. The integrated ecological prevention and control system for water resources as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The waterproof blanket has a lake bottom waterproof section covering the lake bottom area. The bottom of the lake bottom waterproof section is connected to an annularly arranged elastic ring. The elastic ring is arranged around the center of the lake bottom waterproof section and is embedded in the load-bearing base layer.

7. The integrated ecological prevention and control system for water resources as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The waterproof blanket has an outer waterproof section covering the revetment area, the outer waterproof section forming pleated sections embedded in the load-bearing base layer; the pleated sections forming an upward-facing top groove, the backfill soil layer filling the top groove.

8. The integrated ecological prevention and control system for water resources as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The wire cage has a horizontally arranged elastic plate in the middle, which is laid flat in the same direction as the wire cage and is wrapped in the planting soil layer. The elastic plate has multiple through holes that run vertically through it, through which the roots of the aquatic plants pass. Along the laying direction of the elastic plate, the elastic plate is arranged in multiple curved sections.

9. The integrated ecological prevention and control system for water resources as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The stone is wrapped with an elastic mesh layer, and multiple elastic protrusions are provided on the elastic mesh layer. The multiple elastic protrusions are arranged at intervals along the outer periphery of the stone. The elastic protrusions are embedded in the planting soil layer and are in an elastic compression deformation state under pressure.

10. The integrated ecological prevention and control system for water resources as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The concrete block is cuboid in shape. The habitat cavity extends through the outer periphery of the concrete block, forming four side openings. The habitat cavity extends through the top of the concrete block, forming a top opening. The bottom of the habitat cavity is closed. The two elastic nets divide the habitat into four adjacent partitioned areas, each of which faces one of the four side openings; the elastic nets are covered with biomimetic aquatic plants.

Images