Circuit switcher

Abstract

The utility model discloses a circuit switcher, comprising a power supply input end which is externally connected with a power supply, and the other end of the power supply input end is respectively connected with an over-current protection module and a high-voltage current output end; wherein a protective resistor is arranged between the high-voltage current output end and the power supply input end; the overcurrent protection module is used for controlling passing current; and the output end of the over-current protection module is communicated with the low-current output end. The over-current protection circuit is externally connected with a power supply, the power supply is connected with the over-current protection module and the high-current output end, automatic on-off is realized through the over-current protection module according to the magnitude of the passing current, and on-off control is realized through a relay in some examples. Similarly, the function of switching the circuit according to the current condition can be realized by arranging relays with opposite opening and closing conditions in the overcurrent protection module on the high-voltage output circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of circuit control equipment, and particularly relates to a circuit switcher. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the control method of circuit current often relies on detection devices. The devices monitor the current changes in the circuit through precise sensors and processors. Once the current exceeds the preset safety value, these detection devices will trigger a series of identification processes, and finally switch the circuit according to the identification results to protect the device from damage.

[0003] Specifically, the core of this current control method lies in the detection devices. These devices usually integrate high-precision current sensors that can capture the current data in the circuit in real time. At the same time, they are also equipped with powerful processors for quickly analyzing and processing the captured data. When the current data exceeds the preset safety threshold, the processor will quickly respond, identify through internal algorithms, and output corresponding control signals.

[0004] However, this current control method based on detection devices has significant deficiencies. First, it requires the use of high-performance chips as the core processors. These chips are not only expensive but also consume a large amount of power, bringing a certain pressure to the overall cost and service life of the device. Second, when switching the control of multiple circuits, due to the increase in the amount of calculation, the control results may be incorrect. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the above problems, the utility model discloses a circuit switcher, including: a power input terminal, the power input terminal is externally connected to a power supply, and the other end is respectively connected to an overcurrent protection module and a high-voltage current output terminal; wherein, a protection resistor is arranged between the high-voltage current output terminal and the power input terminal; the overcurrent protection module is used to control the passing current; the output end of the overcurrent protection module is connected to a low-current output terminal.

[0006] In some exemplary technical solutions, the power input terminal is connected to a first load, a relay, and a current determination module, and the first load, the relay, and the current determination module form a closed loop; a first path is also connected between the first load and the relay.

[0007] In some exemplary technical solutions, the current determination module includes: a first operational amplifier circuit, bridged with a second load, the second load serves as a feedback resistor, the first operational amplifier circuit is externally connected to a 12V DC voltage; the input end of the first operational amplifier circuit is connected to the first load; the first operational amplifier circuit amplifies the voltage and then outputs it to a second operational amplifier circuit.

[0008] In some exemplary technical solutions, the output end of the first operational amplifier circuit is connected to a second operational amplifier circuit, and the second operational amplifier circuit has an operational amplifier; the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier in the second operational amplifier circuit is connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier circuit, and the inverting input terminal is connected to a potentiometer, which is used to adjust the current to be limited, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected to a triode.

[0009] In some exemplary technical solutions, the first operational amplifier circuit amplifies the input voltage of the power input terminal by a factor of one hundred.

[0010] In some exemplary technical solutions, a protection resistor is further provided between the high-voltage current output terminal and the power input terminal.

[0011] In some exemplary technical solutions, the relay is a lockable relay.

[0012] In some exemplary technical solutions, the potentiometer is adjustable.

[0013] In some exemplary technical solutions, the output end of the second operational amplifier circuit is further connected to an indicator light or a buzzer.

[0014] In some exemplary technical solutions, the overcurrent protection module includes a first overcurrent protection module and a second overcurrent protection module. The first overcurrent protection module is connected to the low-current output terminal; the second overcurrent protection module is connected to the medium-current output terminal.

[0015] The effects are as follows:

[0016] The utility model is externally connected to a power supply, and the power supply is connected to the high-current output terminal through the overcurrent protection module. The overcurrent protection module realizes automatic on-off according to the magnitude of the passing current. In some examples, the on-off control is realized through a relay. Similarly, by setting a relay with the opposite on-off situation in the overcurrent protection module on the high-voltage output circuit, the function of switching the circuit according to the current situation can be realized.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the utility model will be described in the subsequent specification, and, in part, will be obvious from the specification, or will be understood by implementing the utility model. The objectives and other advantages of the utility model can be realized and obtained through the structures pointed out in the specification, the claims, and the drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 Shows a schematic diagram of the modular circuit connection of a circuit switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Shows a specific structural diagram of a current determination module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Shows a schematic diagram of the modular circuit connection of a circuit switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the drawings:

[0023] 100 - First load, 200 - Relay, 300 - Current determination module, 400 - Power input terminal;

[0024] 310 - First operational amplifier circuit, 311 - Second load, 312 - Operational amplifier, 320 - Third load, 330 - Fourth load, 340 - Fifth load, 350 - Second operational amplifier circuit, 351 - Potentiometer, 360 - Triode, 370 - Indicator light. Specific embodiments

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] The following refers to Figures 1-3 to understand the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] First embodiment:

[0028] As shown in the reference Figure 1In the illustrated example, in order to achieve automatic switching to different output circuits according to different currents, this embodiment discloses a circuit switcher, including: a power input terminal 400, the power input terminal 400 is externally connected to a power supply, and the other end is respectively connected to an overcurrent protection module and a high-voltage current output terminal; wherein, a protection resistor is provided between the high-voltage current output terminal and the power input terminal 400; the overcurrent protection module is used to control the passing current; the output terminal of the overcurrent protection module is connected to a low-current output terminal.

[0029] Among them, the circuit switcher disclosed in this example is designed to automatically switch to different output circuits according to different currents. First, the power input terminal 400 is used to connect to an external power supply to provide necessary power. The overcurrent protection module is used to monitor the current passing through the circuit and perform control when the detected current exceeds a preset threshold. This overcurrent protection mechanism is to prevent the circuit from being damaged due to current overload. The output terminal of the overcurrent protection module is connected to the high-voltage current output terminal so as to switch to the low-current output terminal when necessary, thereby protecting the circuit from damage.

[0030] A protection resistor is provided between the high-voltage current output terminal and the power input terminal 400, which is to provide additional protection during circuit switching to ensure the stability and safety of the circuit. In this example, the circuit switcher can automatically select an appropriate output circuit according to the input current to meet specific requirements and protect the circuit from overload damage. This intelligent switching design enables the circuit to operate efficiently and stably under various working conditions.

[0031] This example can be applied to different scenarios. For example, in a power supply system, different loads may require different current outputs. Through this circuit switcher, the output circuit can be automatically adjusted according to the needs of different loads to ensure that each load can obtain appropriate power supply and improve the efficiency and stability of the system. Another example is in industrial automation, where there are many different types of devices and machines that need to be powered and may require different currents in different working states. The device in this example can achieve automatic switching.

[0032] The foregoing example is merely a possible implementation manner and does not limit the present utility model. One can continue to refer to the subsequent embodiments for understanding.

[0033] Second Embodiment

[0034] Based on the first embodiment, combined with Figure 3 a detailed description of the overcurrent protection module is given.

[0035] In this example, the power input terminal 400 is connected to a first load 100, a relay 200, and a current determination module 300. The first load 100, the relay 200, and the current determination module 300 form a closed loop. Among them, the current determination module 300 is used to monitor the current passing through the circuit and perform control when the detected current exceeds a preset threshold. This control usually includes cutting off the corresponding circuit. When the corresponding circuit is cut off, the corresponding circuit naturally transfers to another current that allows high current to pass through. In some specific examples, a switch is provided between the high-voltage current output power supply and the load device, and the switch can be: a second relay opposite to the on / off state of the relay. When the relay is turned off, the second relay is turned on.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 Continuing to understand, in this example, the first load 100 is a 1-ohm resistor, and the relay 200 is an EMR011B05. One end of the first load 100 is connected to the power input terminal 400, and the other end is connected to a first operational amplifier circuit 310. The first operational amplifier circuit 310 is used to amplify the voltage of the power input terminal 400. A first path is also connected between the first load 100 and the relay 200, and the first path enables the current input from the power input terminal 400 to be directly output after passing through the relay 200. It is not difficult to understand that the current determination module 300 is used to control the on / off of the relay 200.

[0037] It can be understood that the current flowing through the first load 100 is actually the current input from the power input terminal 400. In some examples, the current of the first load 100 can be detected to quantitatively display the current actually acting on the overcurrent protection module by the power input terminal 400.

[0038] Continuing to understand the first operational amplifier circuit 310 in this example, in this example, the first operational amplifier circuit 310 is bridged with a second load 311. The second load 311 serves as a feedback resistor, and the presence of the second load 311 can effectively control the amplification factor and gain of the operational amplifier circuit. By connecting the second load 311 to the input terminal of the operational amplifier circuit, they are connected to the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 312. Such a connection method constitutes a feedback loop, enabling the operational amplifier circuit to adjust the output signal in a certain proportion to match the input signal.

[0039] Specifically, the resistance value of the second load 311 determines the proportional relationship of the feedback loop and affects the amplification factor of the operational amplifier circuit. By appropriately selecting the resistance value of the second load 311, the gain of the operational amplifier circuit can be adjusted so that it can adapt to different input signals and application scenarios.

[0040] In this example, the resistance value of the feedback resistor is 98.4 KΩ. It is not difficult to understand that the first operational amplifier circuit 310 amplifies the input voltage of the power input terminal 400 by a factor of one hundred. Specifically, in this example, the first operational amplifier circuit 310 is externally connected to a 12V DC voltage to provide a stable power supply required for the amplifier circuit. By externally connecting the 12V DC voltage, the first operational amplifier circuit 310 can operate stably, ensuring the reliability and stability of signal amplification.

[0041] As described above, the input terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit 310 is connected to the first load 100. In some preferred embodiments, that is Figure 3 in the shown case, two third loads 320 are also connected between the first load 100 and the first operational amplifier circuit 310. In this example, the third load 320 is a 1KΩ resistor, and the two third loads 320 are respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminal and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 312 of the operational amplifier circuit. It can be understood that the third load 320 is to provide load current to maintain the operating state of the operational amplifier circuit.

[0042] In some examples, a fifth load 340 is also connected between the two third loads 320. The fifth load 340 is used to form a loop between the power output terminal and the relay 200. The resistance value of the fifth load 340 is relatively low. In some examples, the resistance value is 0.01Ω.

[0043] The first operational amplifier circuit 310 amplifies the voltage and outputs it to the second operational amplifier circuit 350. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit 310 is connected to the second operational amplifier circuit 350, and the second operational amplifier circuit 350 has an operational amplifier 312.

[0044] Specifically, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 312 in the second operational amplifier circuit 350 is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit 310, and the inverting input terminal is connected to a potentiometer 351. The potentiometer 351 is used to adjust the current to be limited. The output terminal of the operational amplifier 312 is connected to a triode 360. The operational amplifier 312 in the second operational amplifier circuit 350 actually acts as a voltage comparator. The operational amplifier 312 described in the second operational amplifier circuit 350 can actually be regarded as a voltage comparator. In this example, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 312 receives the output voltage from the first operational amplifier circuit 310, while the inverting input terminal is connected to a potentiometer 351. When the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal is higher than the voltage at the inverting input terminal, the output terminal of the operational amplifier 312 outputs a high-level signal; conversely, when the voltage at the non-inverting input terminal is lower than the voltage at the inverting input terminal, a low-level signal is output. In this way, by adjusting the potentiometer 351, the trigger point of the voltage comparator can be controlled, thereby realizing the adjustment of the current to be limited.

[0045] Therefore, the function of the potentiometer 351 is to adjust the voltage threshold of the negative input terminal to determine the trigger point of the voltage comparator, thereby controlling the state of the output signal. This mechanism enables the circuit to achieve overcurrent protection and circuit switching functions according to the set current threshold, thus ensuring the stability and safety of the circuit.

[0046] In this example, the triode 360 will be turned on or off according to the voltage output by the operational amplifier. In some preferred examples, the triode is BC547A. Specifically, the operation of the triode 360 is controlled by the output voltage of the operational amplifier 312. The base of the triode 360 receives the voltage signal from the output terminal of the operational amplifier 312. When the operational amplifier 312 outputs a high level, the base receives sufficient voltage, causing the triode 360 to enter the saturation state and conduct the current between the collector and the emitter. At this time, the current can pass through the triode 360, thereby closing the circuit path. On the contrary, when the operational amplifier 312 outputs a low level, the voltage received by the base is not sufficient to make the triode 360 enter the saturation state, resulting in the triode 360 being in the cut-off state and disconnecting the current path between the collector and the emitter. Therefore, the circuit is in the off state.

[0047] Therefore, the working principle of the triode 360 is to control the base current, thereby controlling the switching state of the current path between the collector and the emitter. This mechanism enables the circuit to control whether to pass current according to the voltage signal output by the operational amplifier 312, thereby realizing the control and adjustment of the circuit.

[0048] To avoid circuit oscillation, in this example, the relay 200 can be locked. In some examples, the relay 200 is 1N4148. In the foregoing embodiment, the operational amplifier 312 can be selected as LM358AD.

[0049] Third Embodiment

[0050] Continuing to refer to Figure 3 , based on the second embodiment, in some specific examples, the potentiometer 351 is adjustable. For example, the potentiometer 351 is externally connected to a 12V DC power supply and internally has a fourth load 330 with a total resistance of 10KΩ. By adjusting the resistance value of the potentiometer 351, the current value passing through can be adjusted. For example, after adjusting the potentiometer 351, when the control voltage is 2V, the controlled passing current does not exceed 2A. In different situations, the user can adjust according to the needs.

[0051] In this example, the output terminal of the second operational amplifier circuit 350 is also connected to an indicator light 370 or a buzzer. When the current is overloaded (exceeds the limit), the indicator light 370 lights up or the buzzer gives an indication, enabling the user to learn of the current overload in a timely manner.

[0052] Fourth Embodiment

[0053] Based on the foregoing embodiments, further referring to Figure 3 , in different examples, the overcurrent protection module includes a first overcurrent protection module and a second overcurrent protection module. The first overcurrent protection module is connected to the low-current output terminal; the second overcurrent protection module is connected to the medium-current output terminal.

[0054] In this example, it can be adjusted according to the system requirements and application scenarios, enabling the circuit switch to adapt to the requirements of different loads and provide a customized protection mechanism. Specifically, by adjusting the settings of the first overcurrent protection module and the second overcurrent protection module, different current thresholds can be set. For example, the first overcurrent protection module can be set to a lower current threshold, while the second overcurrent protection module can be set to a higher current threshold. In this way, when different currents required by different loads appear in the circuit, the system can select to switch to the appropriate circuit according to the actual situation.

[0055] When the current exceeds the lower current threshold set by the first overcurrent protection module, this module will be triggered and control the circuit to switch to the low-current output terminal to provide appropriate protection and prevent the circuit from being damaged due to overload. When the current exceeds the higher current threshold set by the second overcurrent protection module, this module will be triggered and control the circuit to switch to the medium-current output terminal to meet the requirements of a larger load, while still protecting the circuit from overload damage.

[0056] By setting different passing current thresholds and applying them to different overcurrent protection modules, intelligent switching of different circuits can be achieved, thereby ensuring that the circuit can maintain efficient and stable operation under various working conditions and providing customized protection measures according to the actual load situation.

[0057] In different examples, the overcurrent protection module can be set to multiple, and the principle is the same as that of setting two overcurrent protection modules listed in this embodiment, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0058] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit switcher, characterized in that, Comprising: A power input terminal (400), the power input terminal (400) is externally connected to a power supply, and the other end is respectively connected to an overcurrent protection module and a high-voltage current output terminal; Wherein, a protection resistor is provided between the high-voltage current output terminal and the power input terminal (400); The overcurrent protection module is used to control the passing current; The output terminal of the overcurrent protection module is connected to a low-current output terminal; The power input terminal (400) is connected to a first load (100), a relay (200), and a current determination module (300), and the first load (100), the relay (200), and the current determination module (300) form a closed loop; A first path is further connected between the first load (100) and the relay (200); The current determination module (300) includes: A first operational amplifier circuit (310), bridged with a second load (311), the second load (311) serves as a feedback resistor, and the first operational amplifier circuit (310) is externally connected to a 12V DC voltage; The input terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit (310) is connected to the first load (100); The first operational amplifier circuit (310) amplifies the voltage and then outputs it to a second operational amplifier circuit (350).

2. The circuit switch according to claim 1, wherein, The output terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit (310) is connected to a second operational amplifier circuit (350), and the second operational amplifier circuit (350) has an operational amplifier (312); The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier (312) in the second operational amplifier circuit (350) is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier circuit (310), the inverting input terminal is connected to a potentiometer (351), the potentiometer (351) is used to adjust the current to be limited, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier (312) is connected to a triode (360).

3. The circuit switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first operational amplifier circuit (310) amplifies the input voltage of the power input terminal (400) by a hundred times.

4. The circuit switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, A protection resistor is also provided between the high-voltage current output terminal and the power input terminal.

5. The circuit switch according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The relay (200) is a lockable relay (200).

6. The circuit switch according to claim 2, characterized in that, The potentiometer (351) is adjustable.

7. The circuit switch according to claim 5, wherein The output terminal of the second operational amplifier circuit (350) is further connected to an indicator light (370) or a buzzer.

8. The circuit switch according to claim 1, wherein The overcurrent protection module includes a first overcurrent protection module and a second overcurrent protection module, and the first overcurrent protection module is connected to the low-current output terminal; The second overcurrent protection module is connected to a medium-current output terminal.

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