Power linkage device of self-discharging container

Abstract

A power linkage device of a self-discharging transportation box belongs to the field of transportation tools, the power linkage device is installed on a hydraulic drive crawler-type self-discharging transportation box, and the self-discharging transportation box comprises a box frame, a push plate, a right side wall, a crawler belt, a rear door, a left side wall, a driving device, a bottom cross beam and a bottom longitudinal beam; the box frame is a framework of the freight box, can support and install a structural part of the freight box and is in butt joint with the framework vehicle. The push plate is installed at the front end of the freight box, located in the box frame and capable of moving front and back along the box frame. The mechanism has the characteristics of compact structure, light weight and uniform and stable thrust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of transportation means, and particularly relates to a power linkage device for a freight container with a self-unloading function. Background Art

[0002] In the freight transportation field, in order to reduce the occupation of transport vehicles, the use of container transportation has been invented, which greatly improves the transportation efficiency; in order to more conveniently achieve cargo transportation, especially the unloading problem during the transportation of bulk goods, a freight container with a self-unloading function, abbreviated as a self-unloading freight container, has been invented, which further improves the efficiency of bulk goods transportation, reduces the labor intensity of unloading, and reduces the unloading time; on the other hand, in order to standardize the varieties and specifications of vehicles for cargo transportation in our country, corresponding regulations have been made for the structures and types of vehicles engaged in freight transportation business and freight containers, and corresponding standards have been formulated. At the same time, it is required that vehicles and freight containers that do not meet the standard regulations are not allowed to engage in freight transportation business; therefore, a variety of freight containers that meet national standards and have a self-unloading function have been developed, generally including side-turning self-unloading containers, backward-tipping freight containers, and crawler-type flat-pushing freight containers; most of the existing crawler-type flat-pushing freight containers use the box body skeleton fixed, and rely on power to push the unloading push plate together with the crawler at the bottom of the cargo box towards the rear door direction, then the goods in the freight container are pushed to the rear door of the freight container. When the rear door is opened, the goods are unloaded from the rear door along with the movement of the cargo push plate to achieve the unloading function; its power mostly uses a hydraulic motor to drive a roller, the roller drives the crawler, and drives the push plate to achieve unloading; there is also a motor used as power to drive the power roller to drive the crawler through a speed reducer; there is also a hydraulic cylinder used to drive one end of the crawler, and through pulling the crawler, drive the push plate to achieve unloading; the following defects have been found in the use of the existing crawler-type self-unloading freight containers. First, the volume and weight of the hydraulic motor and motor as power drives are large, and the manufacturing cost is high; there are two types of hydraulic cylinders. One is a single cylinder drive. This type of cylinder has a large volume and a long stroke, resulting in the need to add auxiliary supports during installation and operation, and also has the problems of large volume and heavy weight. Because the weight causes a large amount of useless work for the tractor during cargo transportation, wasting energy; and the developed ones using two cylinders drive, using double-acting cylinders, have a high cost of the cylinders, complex control, are prone to failures, and will cause uneven driving power of the two cylinders, resulting in uneven stress on the moving parts, serious wear, and seriously causing unloading blockage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems existing in the existing crawler-type self-unloading freight box driven by an oil cylinder, the present invention proposes a crawler-type self-unloading freight box driven by multiple oil cylinders (thus reducing the weight and manufacturing cost of the oil cylinders) and capable of balanced driving. The specific technical solution is a power linkage device for a self-unloading freight box, which is characterized in that: the power linkage device is installed on a hydraulically driven crawler-type self-unloading freight box, and the self-unloading freight box includes a box frame, a push plate, a right side wall, crawlers, a rear door, a left side wall, a driving device, a bottom cross beam and a bottom longitudinal beam; the box frame is the skeleton of this freight box, capable of supporting and installing the structural members of this freight box, and docking with the skeleton vehicle; the push plate is installed at the front end of the freight box and is located inside the box frame, and can move back and forth along the box frame; the right side wall is installed on the right side of the box frame, capable of closing the right side of the box frame, and forms a box volume cavity together with the push plate, the rear door, the crawlers and the left side wall; the crawlers are installed inside the box frame and at the bottom of the box frame; the crawlers are flexible bodies, one end is connected to the push plate, and the other end is connected to the front end of the skeleton of the driving device to form a closed loop, and can move together with the push plate at the bottom of the box frame as the push plate moves; the rear door is installed at the tail of the box frame, the upper part is hinged to the box frame, and the lower end is buckled to the bottom of the box frame through a lock, and the lock can be opened or locked by power; the left side wall is installed on the left side of the box frame, capable of closing the left side of the box frame, and forms a loading volume cavity of this freight box together with the push plate, the right side wall, the crawlers and the rear door.

[0004] The driving device is installed at the bottom of the box frame and is located under the push plate, and is connected to the push plate through the skeleton on the driving device; the driving device includes a skeleton, a driving oil cylinder, a driving hook and a linkage device; the skeleton is of a frame type, capable of supporting and installing the components of the driving device; one end of the skeleton is connected to the push plate and is placed on the bottom longitudinal beam / bottom cross beam of the box frame, and can move back and forth along the direction of the bottom longitudinal beam; the driving oil cylinder is installed on the skeleton, connected to the skeleton, and connected to the hydraulic system; there are multiple driving oil cylinders, which are single-acting hydraulic cylinders (thus reducing the weight of the oil cylinders and dispersing the driving force to improve the driving stability and softness), arranged in groups, the number of groups is paired and symmetrically arranged along the movement center line of the skeleton, the number is even, and the working sequences of the two oil cylinders in each pair of oil cylinders are opposite, that is, when the piston rod of one oil cylinder extends outwards, the piston rod of the other (group) oil cylinder paired with it should retract inwards; the driving hook is installed on the oil cylinder, connected to the cylinder body or the piston rod of the oil cylinder, and intermittently hooks or disengages from the bottom longitudinal beam to achieve the driving or return of the oil cylinder; the linkage device is installed on the skeleton, fixedly connected to the skeleton, and its movable parts are respectively connected to the two (groups) of paired oil cylinders.

[0005] The bottom cross beams described above are installed at the bottom of the box frame. There are multiple of them, arranged horizontally and in parallel, and the two ends are respectively connected to the bottom longitudinal beams and / or the side walls of the box frame; the bottom longitudinal beams described above are installed at the bottom of the box frame. There are more than two of them, arranged longitudinally, and are connected to the bottom cross beams or the side walls of the box frame.

[0006] Further, the linkage device includes a mounting frame, a reversing wheel, a steel wire rope and a connecting piece; the mounting frame is fixedly installed on the skeleton and connected to the skeleton; the reversing wheel is installed on the mounting frame and is connected to the mounting frame through a wheel axle and can rotate on the wheel axle; the steel wire rope is installed on the reversing wheel, and the two ends are respectively connected to two different sets of cylinders in a pair of cylinders through the connecting piece; the connecting piece is installed on the cylinder body or the piston rod of the driving cylinder, is hinged to the cylinder body or the piston rod, and is fixedly connected to the end of the steel wire rope.

[0007] Furthermore, the steel wire rope is a flexible rope-like object, such as a steel wire rope, a nylon rope, a chain, an anchor chain or a belt.

[0008] Further, the push plate is installed obliquely, that is, the upper part of the push plate is forward and the lower part of the push plate is backward.

[0009] For the direction indicators such as front, back, left, right, up and down in this article, the forward direction when the vehicle is moving normally is taken as the front for reference in sequence.

[0010] Beneficial effects

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that it can reduce the total weight of the driving device, thus reducing the manufacturing cost, and can generate a gentle driving force. Description of the drawings

[0012] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the external structure of the dump freight box of the present invention

[0013] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the freight box of the present invention after removing part of the front baffle

[0014] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the present invention

[0015] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of an embodiment of the driving device of the present invention

[0016] 1. Box frame, 2. Push plate, 3. Right side wall, 4. Track, 5. Rear door, 6. Left side wall, 7. Driving device, 8. Bottom cross beam, 9. Bottom longitudinal beam, 10. Track end reversing wheel, 71. Skeleton, 72. Outer left driving cylinder, 73. Outer left driving hook, 74. Inner left driving cylinder, 75. Inner left driving hook, 76. Inner right driving hook, 77. Outer right driving cylinder, 78. Reversing wheel, 79. Mounting frame, 710. Steel wire rope. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] In order to better illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, such as Figures 1-4, in this example, the frame, push plate, right side wall, left side wall, crawler belt, rear door, bottom cross beam and bottom longitudinal beam of the general-purpose crawler self-unloading freight box in this industry are respectively used as the box frame 1, push plate 2, right side wall 3, left side wall 6, crawler belt 4, rear door 5, bottom cross beam 8 and bottom longitudinal beam 9 of this example, and are assembled into a freight box according to the general assembly method in this industry; in this example, the driving device 7 is selected and installed at the bottom of the box frame 1 and under the push plate 2, and is connected to the push plate 2 through the skeleton 71 on the driving device 7; the selected driving device 7 includes a skeleton 71, driving oil cylinders (including 72, 74 and 77), driving hooks and a linkage device; in this example, the selected skeleton 71 is a general-purpose frame-type structure in this field, which can support and install the components of the driving device; one end of the skeleton 71 is connected to the push plate and placed on the bottom longitudinal beam 9 / bottom cross beam 8 of the box frame 1, and can move back and forth along the direction of the bottom longitudinal beam 9; the driving oil cylinders are installed on the skeleton 71, connected to the skeleton 71, and connected to the hydraulic system of the general-purpose self-unloading freight box in this industry; in this example, 4 driving oil cylinders are selected, divided into two groups, both of which are single-acting hydraulic cylinders, so as to reduce the weight and volume of the oil cylinders, disperse the driving force, and thus improve the driving stability and softness. There are two oil cylinders in each group, and each pair of oil cylinders in each group is symmetrically installed along the vertical center line of the push plate. That is, the two oil cylinders in each group are installed on both sides of the center line of the push plate and are symmetrical with respect to this center line. The working sequence of each pair of oil cylinders is opposite. That is, when the piston rod of one oil cylinder extends outwards, the piston rod of the other oil cylinder paired with it should retract inwards; in this example, it is selected to fixedly hinge-connect the end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder to the skeleton 71. When the oil cylinder works, the oil cylinder body is hooked to the bottom cross beam 8 through the driving hook, so as to drive the skeleton 71 to move at the bottom of the box frame 1, and then drive the push plate 2 and the crawler belt 4 together with the goods loaded on the crawler belt 4 to move along the bottom longitudinal beam 9 together; it is also possible to hinge-connect the oil cylinder body to the skeleton 71 and install the driving hook on the piston rod, which can also achieve the above functions, but it depends on the installation position and overall layout flexibly; in this example, the general-purpose ratchet-type hook in this industry is selected as the driving hook. In this example, according to the above-mentioned piston rod fixing mode, the driving hook is selected to be installed on the oil cylinder body, connected to the oil cylinder body, and can intermittently hook or disengage from the bottom cross beam 8 to realize the driving or return of the oil cylinder; that is, when driving, the driving hook is hooked to the bottom cross beam 8, so that when the piston rod extends, the driving oil cylinder body drives the bottom cross beam 8 through the driving hook. Because the bottom cross beam 8 is fixedly connected to the box frame 1 and the skeleton 71 is movable, the skeleton 71 is driven to move along the bottom longitudinal beam 9 in disguise, which drives the push plate 2 and the crawler belt 4 to move synchronously. The goods on the crawler belt 4 move step by step towards the rear door 5, and the gradually opened rear door unloads the goods, realizing the self-unloading function; in this example, the selected linkage device includes a mounting frame 79, a reversing wheel 78, a steel wire rope 710 and a connecting piece; the mounting frame 79 is fixedly installed on the skeleton 71 and connected to the skeleton 71;In this example, since two sets of two oil cylinders are adopted, two linkage devices are selected and installed between the outer left drive oil cylinder 72 and the inner left drive oil cylinder 74, and between the outer right drive oil cylinder 77 and the inner right drive oil cylinder (the oil cylinder where the inner right drive hook 76 is located); the reversing wheel 78 is installed on the mounting bracket 79 and is connected to the mounting bracket 79 through a wheel axle and can rotate freely on the wheel axle; in this example, a steel wire rope commonly used in this industry is selected as the steel wire rope 710, and the steel wire rope 710 is installed on the reversing wheel 78 and wound around the outer circumference of the reversing wheel 78, and both ends are respectively connected to the cylinder bodies of the outer left drive oil cylinder 72 and the inner left drive oil cylinder 74 through connecting parts; a steel wire rope connecting part commonly used in this industry is selected as the connecting part in this example, and the connecting part is installed at both ends of the steel wire rope 710 and is hinged to the cylinder body; similarly, another steel wire rope 710 is respectively connected to the outer right drive oil cylinder 77 and the inner right drive oil cylinder through the reversing wheel 78 through connecting parts, and thus the implementation of the present invention is completed; because the single-acting oil cylinder has a simple structure, small volume and light weight compared with the double-acting oil cylinder, however, it cannot reset itself. Due to the action of the linkage device, this defect is overcome, and multi-oil cylinder drive is adopted, which disperses the stress points of the push plate 2, reduces the occupied space volume of the drive oil cylinder, reduces the manufacturing cost, reduces the overall weight of the freight container, saves energy, and at the same time meets the relevant national standards for freight containers.;

[0018] During application, when the freight container is empty or in transit, the drive device 7 is in its original position and the push plate 2 is at the front end of the container frame 1; when the freight container carrying goods arrives at the unloading destination, the rear door 5 is opened and the rear door 5 freely hangs on the rear upper crossbeam of the container frame 2; the drive device 7 is started, and a group of drive cylinders, such as the inner left drive cylinder 74 and the inner right drive cylinder installed inside, start to inject oil, and the piston rods extend outwards. At this time, the inner left drive hook 75 and the inner right drive hook installed on the inner left drive cylinder 74 and the inner right drive cylinder are in a state of being hooked to the bottom crossbeam 8, while the drive hooks installed on the other group of drive cylinders, that is, the outer left drive cylinder 72 and the outer right drive cylinder 77, are in a state of being disengaged from the bottom crossbeam 8; when the piston rods of the inner drive cylinders extend, they drive the frame 71 to move on the bottom longitudinal beam 9. When the piston rods of the inner drive cylinders extend to the limit position, the sensor installed on the frame either sends a signal or directly instructs the control system to stop supplying oil to the two inner drive cylinders and switch to supplying oil to the two outer drive cylinders. At this time, the piston rods of the outer drive cylinders extend outwards, and the drive hooks installed on the outer drive cylinders are hooked to the bottom crossbeam, while the drive hooks on the inner drive cylinders are disengaged from the bottom crossbeam. The outer drive cylinders drive the frame 71 to continue moving in the same direction at the end position of the inner drive cylinders; due to the action of the linkage device, when the piston rods of the outer drive cylinders extend, the distance between the cylinder body and the end of the piston rod, that is, the end of the frame 71 connected to the piston rod, increases, and at the same time, the end of the traction steel wire rope 710 connected to the outer drive cylinder elongates. Since the steel wire rope 710 is inelastic, the end of the steel wire rope 710 connected to the inner drive cylinder pulls the cylinder body of the inner drive cylinder towards the end of the frame 71 connected to the piston rod, that is, compresses the piston rod of the inner drive cylinder to retract, providing the basic condition for the next cycle of oil injection; by rotating like this, the stepping movement of the push plate 2 is realized until the loaded goods are completely unloaded. The control system operates the drive hooks in the reverse direction, that is to say, the drive hooks are bidirectional. When the reverse hooks operate, the oil cylinders can move in the reverse direction until the drive device 7 returns to the initial position and the rear door 5 is locked, and a unloading process is completed; it should be noted that the crawler is made of a flexible conveyor belt commonly used in this industry. One end is fixedly connected to the push plate 2, and the other end is laid flat on the bottom of the container frame 1 and then bypasses from below the bottom of the container frame 1 and returns to be connected to the front end of the frame 71 to form a loop. In this way, every time the drive device 7 moves, the crawler 4 moves synchronously and enclosed, so the goods will not leak.

Claims

1. A power linkage device for a self-unloading freight box, characterized in that: The described power linkage device is installed on a hydraulic-driven crawler-type self-unloading freight box. The self-unloading freight box includes a box frame, a push plate, a right side wall, crawlers, a rear door, a left side wall, a driving device, bottom cross beams, and bottom longitudinal beams. The box frame is the skeleton of this freight box, capable of supporting and installing the structural components of this freight box and docking with the skeleton vehicle. The push plate is installed at the front end of the freight box and is located inside the box frame, capable of moving back and forth along the box frame. The right side wall is installed on the right side of the box frame, capable of enclosing the right side of the box frame, and forms a box volume cavity together with the push plate, the rear door, the crawlers, and the left side wall. The crawlers are installed inside the box frame and at the bottom of the box frame. The crawlers are flexible bodies, with one end connected to the push plate and the other end connected to the front end of the skeleton of the driving device, forming a closed loop, and capable of moving together with the push plate at the bottom of the box frame as the push plate moves. The rear door is installed at the tail of the box frame, with the upper part hinged to the box frame and the lower end buckled to the bottom of the box frame through a lock. The lock can be opened or locked by power. The left side wall is installed on the left side of the box frame, capable of enclosing the left side of the box frame, and forms the loading volume cavity of this freight box together with the push plate, the right side wall, the crawlers, and the rear door. The driving device is installed at the bottom of the box frame and is located below the push plate, and is connected to the push plate through the skeleton on the driving device. The driving device includes a skeleton, driving oil cylinders, driving hooks, and a linkage device. The skeleton is of a frame type, capable of supporting and installing the components of the driving device. One end of the skeleton is connected to the push plate and is placed on the bottom longitudinal beam / bottom cross beam of the box frame, capable of moving back and forth along the direction of the bottom longitudinal beam. The driving oil cylinders are installed on the skeleton, connected to the skeleton, and connected to the hydraulic system. There are multiple driving oil cylinders, which are single-acting hydraulic cylinders, arranged in groups. The number of groups is arranged in pairs and symmetrically along the movement center line of the skeleton, and the number is even. The two oil cylinders in each pair of oil cylinders have opposite working sequences, that is, when the piston rod of one oil cylinder extends outwards, the piston rod of the other oil cylinder paired with it should retract inwards. The driving hooks are installed on the oil cylinders, connected to the cylinder body or the piston rod of the oil cylinder, and intermittently hook or disengage from the bottom longitudinal beam to achieve the driving or return of the oil cylinder. The linkage device is installed on the skeleton, fixedly connected to the skeleton, and its moving parts are respectively connected to the two of the paired oil cylinders. The bottom cross beams are installed at the bottom of the box frame, there are multiple, arranged horizontally in parallel, and the two ends are respectively connected to the bottom longitudinal beams or / and the side walls of the box frame. The bottom longitudinal beams are installed at the bottom of the box frame, there are more than two, arranged longitudinally, and connected to the bottom cross beams or the side walls of the box frame.

2. The power linkage device of a self-tipping freight box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The described linkage device includes a mounting frame, a reversing wheel, a steel wire rope, and a connecting piece. The mounting frame is fixedly installed on the skeleton and connected to the skeleton. The reversing wheel is installed on the mounting frame, connected to the mounting frame through a wheel axle, and capable of rotating on the wheel axle. The steel wire rope is installed on the reversing wheel, and both ends are respectively connected to two different groups of oil cylinders in a pair of oil cylinders through connecting pieces. The connecting pieces are installed on the cylinder body or the piston rod of the driving oil cylinder, hinged to the cylinder body or the piston rod, and fixedly connected to the end of the steel wire rope.

3. The power linkage device of a self-unloading freight box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wire rope described is a flexible rope-like object, such as a wire rope, nylon rope, chain, anchor chain or belt.

4. The power linkage device of a self-tipping freight box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push plate described is installed obliquely, that is, the upper part of the push plate is in the front and the lower part of the push plate is in the back.

Images