Positive four-connecting-rod top coal caving transition support

Abstract

The utility model relates to a positive four-connecting-rod top coal caving transition support which comprises a base, a top beam, a shield beam, a tail beam, a front stand column and a rear stand column, the lower ends of the front stand column and the rear stand column are hinged to the base, the upper ends of the front stand column and the rear stand column are hinged to the top beam, and the rear end of the top beam is hinged to the shield beam. The base and the shield beam are hinged through a front connecting rod and a rear connecting rod. According to the positive four-connecting-rod top coal caving transition support, the positive four-connecting-rod mechanism structural form of the base, the shield beam, the single front connecting rod and the double rear connecting rods is adopted, the rear connecting rods are of forward-bent structures, enough space is provided for the machine head and the machine tail of a rear scraper conveyor, and compared with an existing top coal caving transition support, the positive four-connecting-rod top coal caving transition support is high in support stability; and meanwhile, the positive four-bar mechanism is not easy to interfere with the upright post. In addition, the supporting force of the shield beam comes from the positive four-bar mechanism, so that the supporting force is greatly improved, and the phenomenon that the machine head and the machine tail of the rear scraper conveyor are pressed cannot occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fully-mechanized top coal caving hydraulic supports in coal mines, and particularly relates to a regular four-bar fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support. Background Art

[0002] Please refer to Figure 1 , the fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support includes a base 1, a top beam 2, a shield beam 3, a tail beam 4, a front upright post 5, a rear upright post 6, a front connecting rod 7, a rear connecting rod 8, an inclined beam 9 and a shield beam jack 12. The fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support is arranged at the head and tail of a front scraper conveyor 10 and a rear scraper conveyor 11. To ensure a reasonable distance between it and the head and tail of the conveyor, the structure of the base 1 of the transition support will be longitudinally reduced, and the shielding range of the tail beam 4 is increased as much as possible to provide sufficient operation and space. In addition, to have the function of coal caving, its structure usually adopts a single swing rod mechanism, and the height and state of the tail beam 4 are adjusted and controlled through relevant designs to ensure the longitudinal stability of the support.

[0003] The existing fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support has the following defects and deficiencies: (1) Limited by the structure, the front connecting rod 6, the rear connecting rod 7 and the inclined beam 9 are arranged between the left and right rows of upright posts, and both the front connecting rod 6 and the rear connecting rod 7 are single connecting rods. The force of the whole support is borne by the four-bar mechanism. The fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support is arranged at both ends of the coal mining face and often bears eccentric loads. However, the structure of the fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support itself has poor anti-eccentric load capacity. When the eccentric load borne is large, the deformation of the four-bar mechanism is large, and it is easy to cause the front connecting rod 6, the rear connecting rod 7 and the inclined beam 9 to crack and be damaged due to torsion. (2) Limited by the structure and the overall support matching width of the fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support, the width of the inclined beam 9 and the connecting rod mechanism is limited, and the distance from the rear upright posts 6 on both sides is relatively close. When the front connecting rod 6, the rear connecting rod 7 and the inclined beam 9 bear eccentric loads, the deformation is large, and it is easy to interfere with the rear upright posts 6, resulting in damage to the rear upright posts 6. (3) The supporting force of the rear shield beam 3 of the fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support comes from the shield beam jack 12. However, the supporting force of the shield beam jack 12 is small, and the shield beam 3 often swings downward, pressing the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor 11 to death.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a regular four-bar fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support with high structural strength and not easy to crack and be damaged. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a regular four-bar fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support, which solves the technical problems of the existing fully-mechanized top coal caving transition support with low structural strength, poor stability and easy cracking and damage.

[0007] (2) Technical Solutions

[0008] To achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by the present utility model include:

[0009] An embodiment of the present utility model provides a positive four-link caving transition support, which includes a base, a top beam, a shield beam, a tail beam, a front link and a rear link;

[0010] A front column is provided at the front end of the base, the end of the piston rod of the front column is hinged to the middle of the top beam, a rear column is provided at the rear end of the base, the end of the piston rod of the rear column is hinged to the rear end of the top beam, and the rear end of the top beam is also hinged to one end of the shield beam, and the other end of the shield beam is hinged to the tail beam;

[0011] Both ends of the front link are respectively hinged to the base and the shield beam. A rear link is arranged behind the front link. Both ends of the rear link are respectively hinged to the base and the shield beam. Thus, the base, the shield beam, the front link and the rear link form a positive four-link mechanism, and the middle of the rear link protrudes and bends forward to avoid the head or tail of the rear scraper conveyor.

[0012] Optionally, the number of the front links is one, and the number of the rear links is two;

[0013] The upper end of the front link is hinged to the rear end of the lower surface of the shield beam, and the lower end of the front link is hinged to the rear end of the upper surface of the base;

[0014] The two rear links are located behind the left and right sides of the front link. Their upper ends are respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the lower surface of the shield beam, and their lower ends are respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the upper surface of the base.

[0015] Optionally, the two rear links are V-shaped links.

[0016] Optionally, the V-shaped link has a first section and a second section formed integrally, and the included angle between the first section and the second section is 120°-170°.

[0017] Optionally, the two rear links are C-shaped links.

[0018] Optionally, a pedestrian passage is provided on the upper surface of the base between the front column and the rear column, and the length of the pedestrian passage in the front-rear direction is 650 mm - 700 mm.

[0019] Optionally, it further includes a controller, an electro-hydraulic control valve group and a distance sensor; the controller is electrically connected to the distance sensor and the electro-hydraulic control valve group respectively. The distance sensor is arranged on the rear link to detect the distance between the rear link and the rear scraper conveyor. The electro-hydraulic control valve group is respectively communicated with the front column and the rear column to control the front column and the rear column to perform extension actions or retraction actions.

[0020] Optionally, it further includes a first deformation sensor and a second deformation sensor electrically connected to the controller;

[0021] The first deformation sensor is arranged on the front connecting rod to detect the deformation of the front connecting rod; the second deformation sensor is arranged on the rear connecting rod to detect the deformation of the rear connecting rod.

[0022] Optionally, it further includes a tail beam jack;

[0023] One end of the tail beam jack is hinged to the shield beam, and the other end of the tail beam jack is hinged to the tail beam. A tail beam plugging plate mechanism is slidably arranged inside the tail beam.

[0024] (III) Beneficial effects

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The positive four-link top coal caving transition support of the present utility model includes a base, a top beam, a shield beam, a tail beam, a front connecting rod and a rear connecting rod; a front upright is arranged at the front end of the base, and the end of the piston rod of the front upright is hinged to the middle of the top beam. A rear upright is arranged at the rear end of the base, and the end of the piston rod of the rear upright is hinged to the rear end of the top beam. The rear end of the top beam is also hinged to one end of the shield beam, and the other end of the shield beam is hinged to the tail beam; both ends of the front connecting rod are respectively hinged to the base and the shield beam, and a rear connecting rod is arranged behind the front connecting rod. Both ends of the rear connecting rod are respectively hinged to the base and the shield beam. Thus, the base, the shield beam, the front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod form a positive four-link mechanism, and the middle of the rear connecting rod protrudes forward and bends to avoid the head or tail of the rear scraper conveyor. Compared with the prior art, it adopts a positive four-link mechanism of the base, the shield beam, the front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod, which has strong support stability. At the same time, the positive four-link mechanism is not easy to interfere with the rear upright, and the middle of the rear connecting rod adopts a structure form that protrudes forward and bends, which provides enough space for the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor. In addition, the supporting force of the rear shield beam of the positive four-link top coal caving transition support of the present utility model comes from the positive four-link mechanism, which greatly improves the supporting force of the shield beam and prevents the shield beam from crushing the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor.

[0026] For the positive four-link top coal caving transition support of the present utility model, since the positive four-link mechanism includes a front connecting rod and two rear connecting rods, its structural strength is high, it is not easy to deform, and it can bear a large eccentric load.

[0027] For the positive four-link top coal caving transition support of the present utility model, the inclined beam and the shield beam jack are omitted, and a structural form of the base, the shield beam, a single front connecting rod and two rear connecting rods that bend forward is adopted. It not only provides enough space for the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor, but also provides a larger pedestrian passage for pedestrians. Compared with the prior art, it breaks through the structural limitations and significantly increases the length of the pedestrian passage in the front-rear direction, which greatly improves the convenience and safety of miners' actual production operations. Description of the drawings

[0028] Figure 1 The side view schematic diagram of the top coal caving transition support in the prior art;

[0029] Figure 2 The side view schematic diagram of the positive four-bar linkage top coal caving transition support of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of the positive four-bar linkage top coal caving transition support in at the tail beam.

[0031]

Explanation of the reference numerals

[0032] 1: Base; 2: Roof beam; 3: Shield beam; 4: Tail beam; 5: Front upright post; 6: Rear upright post; 7: Front connecting rod; 8: Rear connecting rod; 9: Inclined beam; 10: Front scraper conveyor; 11: Rear scraper conveyor; 12: Shield beam jack; 13: Aisle; 14: Tail beam jack; 15: Tail beam plug mechanism. Specific embodiments

[0033] For better explaining the present invention for easy understanding, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through specific embodiments. Among them, the orientation nouns such as "up", "down", "front", and "rear" mentioned in this article are based on Figure 2 the orientation of .

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , this embodiment provides a positive four-bar linkage top coal caving transition support, including a base 1, a roof beam 2, a shield beam 3, a tail beam 4, one front connecting rod 7 and two rear connecting rods 8.

[0036] A front scraper conveyor 10 is arranged in front of the base 1, a rear scraper conveyor 11 is arranged behind the base 1, two front upright posts 5 are arranged side by side along the left and right directions at the front end of the base 1, the piston rod ends of the two front upright posts 5 are hinged to the middle of the roof beam 2, two rear upright posts 6 are arranged side by side along the left and right directions at the rear end of the base 1, the piston rod ends of the two rear upright posts 6 are hinged to the rear end of the roof beam 2, the rear end of the roof beam 2 is also hinged to one end of the shield beam 3, and the other end of the shield beam 3 is hinged to the tail beam 4;

[0037] The upper end of the front link 7 is hinged to the shield beam 3, and the lower end of the front link 7 is hinged to the base 1. The two rear links 8 are located behind the left and right sides of the front link 7. Their upper ends are respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the lower surface of the shield beam 3, and their lower ends are respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the upper surface of the base 1. Thus, the base 1, the shield beam 3, the front link 7 and the rear links 8 form a regular four-link mechanism. And the middle parts of the two rear links 8 protrude forward and bend to form an avoidance space for avoiding the head or tail of the rear scraper conveyor 11. It should be noted that there is a professional definition for the regular four-link. The regular four-link is a connecting piece connecting the hydraulic cylinder and the column. The regular four-link structure consists of two short rods and two long rods. The two ends of the short rods are fork-shaped, and the two ends of the long rods are spherical. The connecting function is to fix the position of the column. This embodiment breaks through this traditional definition. The regular four-link mechanism in this embodiment is actually not four links. From the side view direction of the caving shield transition support, it forms the shape of four links on one side by the base 1, the shield beam 3, the front link 7 and the rear links 8.

[0038] The regular four-link caving shield transition support of this embodiment adopts the structural form of the shield beam 3 plus a single front link 7 and double rear links 8, has a stable regular four-link mechanism, and the rear link 8 adopts a structure form that protrudes forward and bends, providing enough space for the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor 11. Compared with the conventional caving shield headstock support, it has stronger support stability, and at the same time, the regular four-link mechanism is not easy to interfere with the column. In addition, the supporting force of the rear shield beam 3 of the regular four-link caving shield transition support of this embodiment comes from the regular four-link mechanism, which greatly improves the support force and will not cause the phenomenon of crushing the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor 11.

[0039] In this embodiment, the two rear links 8 are V-shaped links, and the V-shaped links are bent in the middle area. It should be noted that the V-shaped link has a first section and a second section formed integrally, and the included angle between the first section and the second section is 120°-170°. The two rear links 8 of this embodiment adopt V-shaped links that bend forward. It is not only convenient for manufacturing and processing, but also can avoid collision with the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor 11.

[0040] In this embodiment, a pedestrian passage 13 is provided on the upper surface of the base 1 between the front upright 5 and the rear upright 6. The length of the pedestrian passage 13 in the front-rear direction is 650 mm - 700 mm. The positive four-link top coal caving transition support of this embodiment omits the inclined beam 9 and the shield beam jack 12, and adopts a structural form of a shield beam 3 plus a single front link 7 and two rear links 8 that bend forward. It not only provides a large enough space for the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor 11, but also provides a larger pedestrian passage 13 for pedestrians. It should be further explained that for the existing top coal caving transition support, due to the structural limitations of the inclined beam 9 and the link mechanism, the maximum length of its pedestrian passage in the front-rear direction is about 400 mm, while the positive four-link top coal caving transition support of this embodiment can be increased by about 70% on this basis, which greatly improves the convenience and safety of the actual production operation of miners.

[0041] Please refer to Figure 3 , the positive four-link top coal caving transition support of this embodiment further includes a tail beam jack 14. One end of the tail beam jack 14 is hinged to the shield beam 3, and the other end of the tail beam jack 14 is hinged to the tail beam 4. A tail beam plugging mechanism 15 is slidably arranged inside the tail beam 4. It should be noted that the function of the tail beam jack 14 is to provide a support force for supporting the tail beam 4 and drive the tail beam 4 to swing. The beam plugging mechanism 15 blocks the collapsing coal and gangue above the support through the extending action; the beam plugging mechanism 15 realizes coal discharging through the retracting action, that is, the collapsing coal and gangue above the support fall onto the rear scraper conveyor 11.

[0042] In this embodiment, the positive four-link top coal caving transition support of this embodiment further includes a controller, an electro-hydraulic control valve group, and a distance sensor. The controller is electrically connected to the distance sensor and the electro-hydraulic control valve group respectively. The distance sensor is arranged on the rear link 8, and the electro-hydraulic control valve group is communicated with the front upright 5 and the rear upright 6 respectively;

[0043] The distance sensor is used to detect the distance between the rear connecting rod 8 and the rear scraper conveyor 11 in real time, and send the detected distance data to the controller. The controller compares the received distance data with a preset first threshold: if the distance data is less than or equal to the first threshold, the controller sends a control instruction to the electro-hydraulic control valve group, and the electro-hydraulic control valve group controls the front upright post 5 and the rear upright post 6 to stop retracting. It should be noted that the emulsion pump station provides emulsion for the electro-hydraulic control valve group of the top coal caving transition support. The electro-hydraulic control valve group distributes the emulsion to the front upright post 5 and the rear upright post 6, and controls the flow direction of the emulsion, thereby controlling the actions of the front upright post 5 and the rear upright post 6. When the electro-hydraulic control valve group controls the piston rods of the front upright post 5 and the rear upright post 6 to retract, the roof beam 2 descends directly, driving the hinge point between the roof beam 2 and the shield beam 3 to descend, thereby driving the shield beam 3, the front connecting rod 7 and the rear connecting rod 8 to rotate backward with the base 1 as the fulcrum. As a result, the distance between the rear connecting rod 8 and the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor 11 also gradually becomes smaller. Setting the distance sensor can detect the distance between the rear connecting rod 8 and the rear scraper conveyor 11 in real time, thus preventing the regular four-link top coal caving transition support from descending excessively and causing collisions and interferences between the rear connecting rod 8 and the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor 11.

[0044] Furthermore, the regular four-link top coal caving transition support of this embodiment further includes a first deformation sensor and a second deformation sensor electrically connected to the controller; the first deformation sensor is arranged on the front connecting rod 7 to detect the deformation of the front connecting rod 7; the second deformation sensor is arranged on the rear connecting rod 8 to detect the deformation of the rear connecting rod 8.

[0045] It should be noted that the deformation of the front connecting rod 7 and the rear connecting rod 8 refers to the change in the telescopic amount of the front connecting rod 7 and the rear connecting rod 8. When the deformation of the front connecting rod 7 and the rear connecting rod 8 exceeds the second threshold preset inside the controller, the controller gives an alarm to prevent safety accidents.

[0046] The working process of the regular four-link top coal caving transition support of this embodiment is as follows:

[0047] Rise action: The piston rods of the front upright post 5 and the rear upright post 6 extend to lift the roof beam 2, so that the roof beam 2 abuts against the roof of the coal mining face, thereby supporting the roof; at the same time, the rising of the roof beam 2 drives the shield beam 3 and the tail beam 4, so that the shield beam 3, the front connecting rod 7 and the rear connecting rod 8 rotate forward with the base 1 as the fulcrum, thereby increasing the rear coal caving space.

[0048] Descend action: The piston rods of the front upright post 5 and the rear upright post 6 retract to drive the roof beam 2 to descend and separate from the roof of the coal mining face. At the same time, the descending of the roof beam 2 drives the shield beam 3 and the tail beam 4, so that the shield beam 3, the front connecting rod 7 and the rear connecting rod 8 rotate backward with the base 1 as the fulcrum, reducing the rear coal caving space. It should be noted that after the regular four-link top coal caving transition support completes the descending action, the support can be moved by the push jack inside the base 1.

[0049] Embodiment 2:

[0050] This embodiment provides a positive four-link caving transition support. Different from Embodiment 1, the two rear links 8 in this embodiment are C-shaped links, and the middle region of the C-shaped link bends forward. It should be noted that the C-shaped link is an arc-shaped rod that bends forward, and an avoidance space is formed at the rear side, which provides a sufficiently large space for the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor 11, and can prevent the head and tail of the rear scraper conveyor 11 from colliding with the positive four-link caving transition support.

[0051] The rest that is the same as Embodiment 1 will not be elaborated here again.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0053] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "connected to", "fixed" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it may be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0054] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "under" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the descriptions of terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A positive four-bar caving transition support, characterized in that: It includes a base (1), a top beam (2), a shield beam (3), a tail beam (4), a front connecting rod (7) and a rear connecting rod (8); At the front end of the base (1), a front prop (5) is provided. The end of the piston rod of the front prop (5) is hinged to the middle of the top beam (2). At the rear end of the base (1), a rear prop (6) is provided. The end of the piston rod of the rear prop (6) is hinged to the rear end of the top beam (2). The rear end of the top beam (2) is also hinged to one end of the shield beam (3), and the other end of the shield beam (3) is hinged to the tail beam (4); Both ends of the front connecting rod (7) are respectively hinged to the base (1) and the shield beam (3). A rear connecting rod (8) is arranged behind the front connecting rod (7). Both ends of the rear connecting rod (8) are respectively hinged to the base (1) and the shield beam (3). Thus, the base (1), the shield beam (3), the front connecting rod (7) and the rear connecting rod (8) form a regular four-bar linkage mechanism, and the middle part of the rear connecting rod (8) protrudes forward and bends to avoid the head or tail of the rear scraper conveyor (11).

2. The positive four-bar caving transition support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the front connecting rods (7) is one, and the number of the rear connecting rods (8) is two; The upper end of the front connecting rod (7) is hinged to the rear end of the lower surface of the shield beam (3), and the lower end of the front connecting rod (7) is hinged to the rear end of the upper surface of the base (1); The two rear connecting rods (8) are located behind the left and right sides of the front connecting rod (7). Their upper ends are respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the lower surface of the shield beam (3), and their lower ends are respectively hinged to the left and right sides of the upper surface of the base (1).

3. The positive four-bar caving transition support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two rear connecting rods (8) are V-shaped connecting rods.

4. The positive four-bar caving transition support according to claim 3, characterized in that: The V-shaped connecting rod has an integrally formed first section and a second section, and the included angle between the first section and the second section is 120° - 170°.

5. The positive four-bar caving transition support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two rear connecting rods (8) are C-shaped connecting rods.

6. The positive four-bar caving transition support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pedestrian passage (13) is arranged on the upper surface of the base (1) between the front prop (5) and the rear prop (6). The length of the pedestrian passage (13) in the front-rear direction is 650 mm - 700 mm.

7. The positive four-bar caving transition support according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller, an electro-hydraulic control valve group and a distance sensor; The controller is electrically connected to the distance sensor and the electro-hydraulic control valve group respectively. The distance sensor is arranged on the rear connecting rod (8) to detect the distance between the rear connecting rod (8) and the rear scraper conveyor (11). The electro-hydraulic control valve group is respectively communicated with the front prop (5) and the rear prop (6) to control the extension or retraction of the front prop (5) and the rear prop (6).

8. The positive four-bar caving transition support according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a first deformation sensor and a second deformation sensor electrically connected to the controller; The first deformation sensor is arranged on the front connecting rod (7) to detect the deformation of the front connecting rod (7), and the second deformation sensor is arranged on the rear connecting rod (8) to detect the deformation of the rear connecting rod (8).

9. The positive four-bar caving transition support according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It also includes a tail beam jack (14); One end of the tail beam jack (14) is hinged to the shield beam (3), and the other end of the tail beam jack (14) is hinged to the tail beam (4). A tail beam plug mechanism (15) is slidably arranged inside the tail beam (4).

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