Testing device for simulating valley amplitude deformation of hydropower station
By designing a test device that simulates the deformation of the valley amplitude of the hydropower station, and using laser displacement meter and strain gauge to monitor the deformation, the shortcomings in the deformation of rock mass on the opposite bank of the reservoir water storage are solved, scientific prediction means are provided, and research costs are reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422239982.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-12
AI Technical Summary
When the prior art studies the impact of changes in hydrogeological conditions caused by reservoir water storage, especially the research on valley deformation is relatively lacking, and effective simulation and analysis methods are lacking.
A test device that simulates the deformation of the valley amplitude of the hydropower station is designed, including a model box, a bedrock module, a data acquisition module and a groundwater level control module. The deformation is monitored by laser displacement meter and strain gauge, and the deformation of the valley amplitude at different water storage levels is simulated, and a calculation and analysis model is constructed.
It has achieved indoor research on the deformation mechanism of the valley of hydropower stations, predicted deformation trends, and provided a scientific basis for hydropower projects under construction and to be built, with simple operation and low cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN223088342U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of valley amplitude deformation tests of hydropower stations, and particularly relates to a test device for simulating valley amplitude deformation of a hydropower station. Background Technique
[0002] The sufficient conditions for the above-mentioned valley amplitude deformation are that there are stratified or stratiform-like strata distributed on both sides of the reservoir area, the permeable layer and the relatively impermeable layer are distributed alternately, the dam site is located in a tectonic basin, there is a regional confined aquifer below the dam foundation and there is a direct hydraulic connection with the reservoir water. The gentle natural groundwater level on both sides of the river valley will increase the deformation amount of the reservoir bottom and valley amplitude, and the topographic and geomorphic conditions will affect the magnitude and distribution of the deformation amount of the reservoir bottom and valley amplitude.
[0003] At present, there have been many studies on the impact of changes in hydrogeological conditions caused by reservoir impoundment on engineering buildings. However, most of the studies are limited to the engineering scale range, and there is still a lack of understanding in studying the impact of changes in hydrogeological conditions on the deformation of slope rock masses from the regional scale. In the study of slope rock mass deformation, there have been many achievements in the study of the deformation of the reservoir basin of hydropower stations under common geological conditions, but there is a lack of research on valley amplitude deformation. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a test device for simulating valley amplitude deformation of a hydropower station, so as to provide a scientific basis for constructing a calculation and analysis model of valley amplitude deformation and correctly predicting the development trend of valley amplitude deformation.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a test device for simulating valley amplitude deformation of a hydropower station, which includes a model box. A bedrock module is arranged in the model box. The bedrock module includes multiple layers of landfill media with different permeability coefficients. A simulated river channel is arranged on the surface of the bedrock module. A dam body module is arranged on the simulated river channel. An inlet hole and an outlet hole are respectively arranged on the upstream side and the downstream side of the model box located at the simulated river channel. A dam body drainage port with a valve is arranged on the dam body module; it also includes a data acquisition module. The data acquisition module includes laser displacement gauges and strain gauges. The laser displacement gauges are installed on the top of the model box. A plurality of the strain gauges are respectively installed between the upper and lower layers of landfill media of the bedrock module. Each strain gauge is respectively connected to a data collector through a wire.
[0006] Each layer of landfill media is inclined with the side close to the dam body module being lower and the side far from the dam body module being higher.
[0007] The landfill media includes an impermeable layer and a permeable layer. The permeable layer and the impermeable layer are filled from bottom to top in sequence. The strain gauges are arranged on the upper side and / or the lower side of the impermeable layer.
[0008] The dam body module is arranged on the upper side of one of the impermeable layers.
[0009] The water outlet is communicated with the water collecting tank through a pipeline.
[0010] It further includes a groundwater level control module. The groundwater level control module includes a permeable plate which is installed in the model box and on the side of the bedrock module away from the dam body module. An adjustment water tank is formed between the permeable plate and the model box. An outlet is also provided at the bottom of the adjustment water tank, and a valve is installed on the outlet.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:
[0012] The laser displacement gauge of the utility model is used to monitor the deformation of the surface of the bedrock module, and the strain gauge is used to collect the deformation data inside the bedrock module. During the test, the data acquisition module is communicatively connected with the computer. Water is injected into the simulated river channel through the water inlet hole, and the water levels upstream and downstream of the dam body module are adjusted through the dam body drain hole on the dam body module. During the test process, the deformation conditions of the valley amplitude under different storage water levels are simulated by setting different storage water level heights. Through this experimental device, the mechanism of the valley amplitude deformation of the hydropower station can be studied indoors, the deformation trend that may occur can be predicted by simulating the real hydropower station situation, a calculation and analysis model of the valley amplitude deformation can be constructed, and it can also provide a reference for calculating, analyzing and predicting the possible valley amplitude deformation of the under-construction and to-be-built hydropower projects. Moreover, the test operation is simple and easy to understand, and the test operation and maintenance costs are relatively low. Description of the Drawings
[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art:
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the experimental device for simulating the valley amplitude deformation of the hydropower station of the utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the bedrock module of the utility model and the structure of installing the strain gauge in the bedrock module.
[0016] Reference Signs:
[0017] Model box 1;
[0018] Impervious layer 11, permeable layer 12;
[0019] Dam body module 2, dam body drain hole 21;
[0020] Data acquisition module 3, laser displacement gauge 31, wire 32, data collector 33, computer 34, strain gauge 35;
[0021] Water inlet hole 41, water outlet 42, water collecting tank 43;
[0022] Groundwater level control module 5, permeable plate 51. Detailed implementation mode
[0023] The embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present utility model, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.
[0024] Embodiment 1
[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 、 2 , a test device for simulating the valley amplitude deformation of a hydropower station, which includes a model box 1. A bedrock module is arranged in the model box 1. The bedrock module includes multiple layers of landfill media with different permeability coefficients. A simulated river channel is arranged on the surface of the bedrock module. A dam body module 2 is arranged on the simulated river channel. The model box 1 is respectively provided with a water inlet hole 41 and a water outlet hole 42 on the upstream side and the downstream side of the simulated river channel. A dam body drain port 21 with a valve is arranged on the dam body module 2; it also includes a data acquisition module 3. The data acquisition module 3 includes a laser displacement meter 31 and a strain gauge 35. The laser displacement meter 31 is installed on the top of the model box 1. A plurality of the strain gauges 35 are respectively installed between the upper and lower layers of landfill media of the bedrock module. Each strain gauge 35 is respectively connected to a data collector 33 through a wire 32.
[0026] The laser displacement meter 31 is used to monitor the deformation of the surface of the bedrock module, and the strain gauge 35 is used to collect the deformation data inside the bedrock module. During the test, the data acquisition module 3 is communicatively connected to a computer 34. Water is injected into the simulated river channel through the water inlet hole 41, and the water levels upstream and downstream of the dam body module 2 are adjusted through the dam body drain port 21 on the dam body module 2. During the test process, the deformation of the valley amplitude under different water storage levels is simulated by setting different water storage levels. Through this experimental device, the mechanism of the valley amplitude deformation of the hydropower station can be studied indoors, the deformation trend that may occur can be predicted by simulating the actual situation of the hydropower station, a calculation and analysis model for the valley amplitude deformation can be constructed, and it can also provide a reference for calculating, analyzing, and predicting the possible valley amplitude deformation of the under-construction and to-be-built hydropower projects. Moreover, the test operation is simple and easy to understand, and the test operation and maintenance costs are relatively low.
[0027] Refer to Figure 2 , each layer of landfill media is inclined with the side close to the dam body module 2 being lower and the side far from the dam body module 2 being higher.
[0028] Furthermore, the landfill media includes an impermeable layer 11 and a permeable layer 12. The permeable layer 12 and the impermeable layer 11 are filled from bottom to top in sequence. The strain gauge 35 is arranged on the upper side and / or the lower side of the impermeable layer 11.
[0029] Specifically, the permeable layer 12 can be quartz sand, and the impermeable layer 11 can be made of clay, and the permeability of the clay is relatively weak.
[0030] Specifically, the dam body module 2 is arranged on the upper side of one of the aquitards 11.
[0031] Furthermore, the water outlet holes 42 are communicated with the water collecting tank 43 through pipelines, and the drained water is collected by the water collecting tank 43.
[0032] Embodiment 2:
[0033] On the basis of Embodiment 1, the experimental device further includes a groundwater level control module 5. The groundwater level control module 5 includes a permeable plate 51. The permeable plate 51 is installed in the model box 1 and is located on the side of the bedrock module away from the dam body module 2. An adjustment water tank is also formed between the permeable plate 51 and the model box 1. The bottom of the adjustment water tank is also provided with a water outlet, and a valve is installed on the water outlet. The simulated groundwater level can be controlled through the groundwater level control module 5. Water is injected into the adjustment water tank, the water level in the adjustment water tank rises, simulating the rise of the groundwater level. The valve on the water outlet is opened to lower the water level in the adjustment water tank, simulating the drop of the groundwater level.
[0034] In this embodiment, the permeable plate 51 can adopt a mesh plate with fine holes to facilitate water permeability.
[0035] Embodiment 3:
[0036] The whole model box 1 is made of tempered glass with a glass thickness of 1.5 cm, and 0.3 cm thick angle steel is installed on the outer wall to prevent deformation after the device is filled with sand; a layer of bentonite is sprinkled on the contact surface between the bedrock module and the inner wall of the model box 1. After the bentonite swells when encountering water, the gap between the soil body and the model box wall is sealed to prevent leakage.
[0037] The models of the strain gauges include but are not limited to B-FH-120-5AA; the models of the laser displacement gauges include but are not limited to ZLDS200; the data loggers include but are not limited to CR1000X and CR300.
[0038] The laser displacement gauge 31 is supported and installed on the top of the model box 1 through a bracket.
[0039] The working principle or operation process of the present utility model is as follows:
[0040] During the test, water is injected into the simulated river through the water inlet hole 41, and the dam body drain port 21 is opened at the same time to fully saturate the upstream and downstream landfill media with water. The data logger 33 is turned on and left standing for a period of time until the deformation data is stable. Then the dam body drain port 21 is closed, and when the water storage level reaches the preset level, the water inlet hole 41 is closed to stop water injection; the whole process of deformation data is recorded through the laser displacement gauge 31 and the strain gauges 35. Finally, the deformation data of the sensors and the data of the laser displacement gauge are sorted out for the analysis of the valley amplitude deformation of the hydropower station.
Claims
1. An experimental device for simulating the valley amplitude deformation of a hydropower station, comprising a model box (1), and a bedrock module is arranged in the model box (1), characterized in that: The bedrock module includes multiple layers of landfill media with different permeability coefficients. A simulated river channel is provided on the surface of the bedrock module, and a dam body module (2) is provided on the simulated river channel. The model box (1) is provided with a water inlet hole (41) and a water outlet hole (42) on the upstream side and the downstream side of the simulated river channel respectively. A dam body drainage port (21) with a valve is provided on the dam body module (2). It further includes a data acquisition module (3). The data acquisition module (3) includes a laser displacement meter (31) and a strain gauge (35). The laser displacement meter (31) is installed on the top of the model box (1), and multiple strain gauges (35) are respectively installed between the upper and lower layers of the landfill media of the bedrock module. Each strain gauge (35) is respectively connected to a data collector (33) through a wire (32).
2. The test device for simulating the valley amplitude deformation of a hydropower station according to claim 1, wherein: Each layer of landfill media is inclined with the side close to the dam body module (2) being lower and the side far from the dam body module (2) being higher.
3. An experimental device for simulating the valley amplitude deformation of a hydropower station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The landfill media includes an impermeable layer (11) and a permeable layer (12). The permeable layer (12) and the impermeable layer (11) are filled from bottom to top in sequence. The strain gauge (35) is arranged on the upper side and / or the lower side of the impermeable layer (11).
4. An experimental device for simulating the valley amplitude deformation of a hydropower station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dam body module (2) is arranged on the upper side of one of the impermeable layers (11).
5. The test device for simulating the valley amplitude deformation of a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water outlet hole (42) is communicated with a water collection tank (43) through a pipeline.
6. An experimental device for simulating the valley amplitude deformation of a hydropower station according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: It further includes a groundwater level control module (5). The groundwater level control module (5) includes a permeable plate (51). The permeable plate (51) is installed in the model box (1) and is located on the side of the bedrock module far from the dam body module (2). An adjustment water tank is also formed between the permeable plate (51) and the model box (1). A water outlet is also provided at the bottom of the adjustment water tank, and a valve is installed on the water outlet.