Self-liquid-filling ball injection pressure conversion device for perforation and perforation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pressure conversion device, in particular to a self-liquid-filling ball injection pressure conversion device for perforation and a perforation device, and solves the problem of how to ensure the communication between a tubular column and an annulus in a well before perforation on the premise of not increasing construction procedures. In order to solve the problems of how to stop blowout through circulating well killing if problems occur in a well before perforation and how to prevent perforation liquid from being scattered to the ground of a well mouth to cause pollution during recovery, the self-liquid-filling ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation establishes a passage for communicating the inside and the outside of a shell through a conical hole and a communicating hole; when the well is tripped into the well, the passage ensures the communication with the annulus in the well, and if problems occur in the well, circulating well killing can be realized through the passage; and during pressure detonation, the annulus in the well can be isolated through matching of the plugging ball and the conical hole, pressure is transmitted to the pressure tapping exploder through the pressure transmitting hole to complete detonation, and the through hole in the pressure tapping exploder is communicated with the annulus in the well after detonation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a pressure conversion device, in particular to a self-priming liquid ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation and a perforation device. Background Art

[0002] During the oil and gas exploitation process, the pressure initiation device used is applicable not only to vertical wells but also to pressurized initiation in many well conditions such as heavy oil wells, highly deviated wells, and horizontal wells. By applying pressure at the wellhead to act on the piston of the pressure initiation device, the piston moves rapidly after shearing the shear pin or breaking through the pressure limit under the combined action of the wellhead-applied pressure and the well fluid pressure, strikes the initiator to generate detonation, and then detonates the perforating gun string connected to the pressure initiation device.

[0003] During the process of lowering the existing pressure initiation device into the well, since the entire pipe string is closed and its interior is not connected to the annulus in the well, in the event of a blowout, it is impossible to achieve circulating kill well to stop the blowout, presenting certain safety hazards. During the process of lowering the device into the well, it is necessary to manually inject perforating fluid into the pipe string, which is time-consuming and laborious. Secondly, when lifting the pipe string out of the well, the perforating fluid in the pipe string will spill out of the pipe string and contaminate the wellhead ground. To solve the above problems, the prior art provides a pressure opening and initiation device with through holes provided on its outer shell. When the device is pressurized and initiated, the through holes are blocked by its own piston to ensure that the pressure will not leak into the annulus in the well. After the pressurized initiation is completed, the piston cuts the shear pin and moves downward, and the through holes on the outer shell connect the inside and outside of the pipe string, ensuring that during the operation of lifting the pipe string, the perforating fluid flows from the pipe string into the wellbore through the through holes of the outer shell and will not spill out to the wellhead ground. However, when it is not pressurized and initiated, it is still not connected to the annulus in the well, and an additional process of injecting perforating fluid into the pipe string is still required during lowering. Moreover, before perforation, if a blowout occurs, since it is not connected to the annulus in the well, circulating kill well cannot be achieved either. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the technical problems of how to ensure the connection between the pipe string and the annulus in the well before perforation without increasing the construction process; how to achieve circulating kill well to stop the blowout if there are problems in the well before perforation; and how to prevent the perforating fluid from spilling onto the wellhead ground and causing pollution during recovery, and to provide a self-priming liquid ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation and a perforation device.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A self-priming liquid ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation, characterized in that it includes a housing and a plugging ball;

[0007] The top end of the housing is used to connect with the oil pipe, and the bottom end is used to connect with the pressure opening and initiation device;

[0008] A blocking seat is provided inside the shell, a conical hole is provided at the center of the top of the blocking seat, and the large hole of the conical hole faces the top of the shell; a connecting hole is provided on the outer wall of the shell, and the conical hole is connected with the outside of the shell through the connecting hole;

[0009] A pressure transmission hole is axially provided on the sealing seat to connect the upper and lower ends of the shell;

[0010] The blocking ball is used to cooperate with the tapered hole to block the tapered hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the shell includes a large diameter section arranged near the top end and a small diameter section arranged near the bottom end; the small diameter section is provided with an external thread, which is used for threaded connection with the pressure opening initiator;

[0012] The plugging seat is arranged inside the large diameter section and located at the bottom of the large diameter section. An internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the large diameter section above the plugging seat, which is used for threaded connection with the oil pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, a blind hole is axially opened at the bottom of the tapered hole, and the communicating hole is radially opened along the outer wall of the shell and communicates with the blind hole;

[0014] There are a plurality of pressure transmission holes which are arranged around the blind hole, and the top openings of the pressure transmission holes are located on the conical surface of the conical hole.

[0015] Meanwhile, the utility model also provides a perforating device, including a relatively deep short joint, a tubing, a perforating gun and a pressure perforating detonator, which is special in that: it also includes the above-mentioned self-filling liquid ball pressure conversion device for perforating;

[0016] The deeper short joint, the oil pipe, the self-filling liquid ball pressure conversion device for perforating, the pressure perforating detonator and the perforating gun are connected in sequence from top to bottom;

[0017] The pressure opening initiator comprises a housing, a piston, a firing pin, a shearing assembly and an initiator;

[0018] The housing comprises a first joint and a second joint which are axially connected, the right end of the first joint is sealed and arranged inside the left end of the second joint, the detonator is coaxially arranged inside the second joint; the left end of the piston is sealed and arranged inside the first joint;

[0019] The shearing assembly is arranged between the outside of the piston and the inside of the second joint, and is used to fix the position of the piston. The shearing assembly can be broken by force;

[0020] The firing pin is detachably mounted on the end of the piston close to the detonator; a through hole is radially opened on the outer wall of the first joint corresponding to the position of the piston;

[0021] The position setting of the through hole satisfies that when the shear assembly is stressed and fractured, and the piston moves towards the initiator until the firing pin hits the initiator, the through hole communicates the inside of the first joint with the wellbore annulus.

[0022] Further, the shear assembly includes a shear sleeve and a plurality of shear pins;

[0023] A stepped surface is provided inside the second joint, and the large-diameter section of the stepped surface faces the first joint. The inner end surface of the first joint, the outer wall of the piston, and the inner wall of the large-diameter section of the stepped surface form an installation cavity. The shear sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston and is located in the installation cavity. The piston and the shear sleeve are connected by a plurality of shear pins;

[0024] The outer diameter of the piston is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the corresponding small-diameter section of the stepped surface of the second joint.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0026] (1) A self-priming liquid injection and ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation provided by the present utility model establishes a passage communicating the inside and outside of the communication housing through the tapered hole and the communication hole. When lowering into the well, this passage ensures communication with the wellbore annulus. When problems occur, circulating kill can be achieved through this passage to stop a blowout. When pressurizing for initiation, through the cooperation of the plugging ball and the tapered hole, the wellbore annulus can be isolated, and the pressure is transmitted to the pressure-opening initiator through the pressure transmission hole to complete initiation. After initiation, the through hole on the pressure-opening initiator communicates the inside and outside of the tubing string, preventing the perforating fluid from emerging to the wellhead ground when pulling out. There is no need to manually inject liquid into the tubing string, and the entire device realizes self-priming liquid injection, saving construction procedures, and the device has a simple structure and is convenient for processing.

[0027] (2) A perforation device provided by the present utility model includes a deeper nipple, a tubing string, a self-priming liquid injection and ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation, a pressure-opening initiator, and a perforating gun connected in sequence from top to bottom. When lowering into the well, the passage formed by the tapered hole, the blind hole, and the communication hole of the self-priming liquid injection and ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation communicates the inside and outside of the entire device, realizing self-priming liquid injection, ensuring communication with the wellbore annulus. If a blowout occurs in the well, circulating kill can be achieved through this passage to stop the blowout. When pressurizing for initiation, through the cooperation of the plugging ball and the tapered hole, the wellbore annulus is isolated, and the pressure is transmitted to the piston of the pressure-opening initiator through the pressure transmission hole. The piston of the pressure-opening initiator transmits the pressure to the shear assembly. The shear assembly is stressed and fractured, and the piston moves downward so that the firing pin hits the initiator to complete the initiation of the perforating gun. When pulling out, the through hole of the pressure-opening initiator communicates the device with the wellbore annulus, ensuring that the perforating fluid will not emerge to the wellhead ground when pulling out. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1Cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a self-priming ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a perforation device of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of a pressure-opening initiator in an embodiment of a perforation device of the present utility model.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals is as follows:

[0032] 01 - Self-priming ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation, 1 - Housing, 1001 - Large-diameter section, 1002 - Small-diameter section; 2 - Plugging seat, 3 - Blind hole, 4 - Communication hole, 5 - Pressure transmission hole, 6 - Plugging ball, 7 - Deeper sub, 8 - Oil pipe, 9 - Pressure-opening initiator, 91 - First joint, 911 - Through hole; 92 - Piston, 93 - Second joint, 94 - Firing pin, 95 - Initiator, 96 - Shearing sleeve, 961 - Shearing pin; 10 - Perforating gun. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.

[0034] Refer to Figure 1 , a self-priming ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation of the present utility model includes a housing 1 and a plugging ball 6. The housing 1 includes a large-diameter section 1001 disposed near the top end and a small-diameter section 1002 disposed near the bottom end. An external thread is provided on the small-diameter section 1002 for threaded connection with a pressure-opening initiator 9. A plugging seat 2 is disposed inside the large-diameter section 1001. The plugging seat 2 is located at the bottom of the large-diameter section 1001. An internal thread for threaded connection with an oil pipe 8 is provided on the inner wall of the large-diameter section 1001 above the plugging seat 2.

[0035] A tapered hole for cooperating with the plugging ball 6 is opened at the center of the top of the plugging seat 2. The plugging ball 6 is used to cooperate with the tapered hole to plug the tapered hole. The large hole of the tapered hole faces the top end of the housing 1. A blind hole 3 is axially opened at the bottom of the tapered hole. And a communication hole 4 communicating with the blind hole 3 is radially opened on the outer wall of the housing 1. The tapered hole communicates with the outside of the housing 1 through the communication hole 4. A pressure transmission hole 5 for communicating the upper and lower ends of the housing 1 is axially penetrated through the plugging seat 2. In order to ensure the pressure transmission effect, a plurality of pressure transmission holes 5 are provided and are all arranged around the blind hole 3, and the top opening of the pressure transmission hole 5 is located on the conical surface of the tapered hole.

[0036] As Figure 2As shown, the perforating device includes a deeper sub-section 7, a tubing 8, a self-priming liquid ball-drop pressure conversion device 01 for perforating, a pressure-opening initiator 9, and a perforating gun 10, which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The deeper sub-section 7 is a professional device for detecting the underground depth position of the entire perforating device.

[0037] The structure of the pressure-opening initiator 9 is as Figure 3 shown, and it includes a housing, a piston 92, a firing pin 94, a shear assembly, and an initiator 95.

[0038] The housing includes a first joint 91 and a second joint 93 that are axially penetrated. The right end of the first joint 91 is hermetically arranged inside the left end of the second joint 93 through threads. The initiator 95 is coaxially arranged inside the second joint 93. The left end of the piston 92 is hermetically arranged inside the first joint 91. The firing pin 94 is detachably installed at one end of the piston 92 close to the initiator 95. The shear assembly is used to fix the position of the piston 92, and it is arranged between the outside of the piston 92 and the inside of the second joint 93.

[0039] The shear assembly includes a shear sleeve 96 and a plurality of shear pins 961. To install the shear assembly, a stepped surface is provided inside the second joint 93. The large-diameter section of the stepped surface faces the first joint 91. The inner end surface of the first joint 91, the outer wall of the piston 92, and the inner wall of the large-diameter section of the stepped surface form an installation cavity. The shear sleeve 96 is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston 92 and is located inside the installation cavity. The piston 92 and the shear sleeve 96 are connected by a plurality of shear pins 961. To ensure that the piston 92 can move smoothly towards the initiator 95 after the shear pins 961 are cut, the outer diameter of the piston 92 is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the corresponding small-diameter section of the stepped surface of the second joint 93.

[0040] A through hole 911 is radially opened on the outer wall of the first joint 91 corresponding to the position of the piston 92. To ensure that after pressure application and initiation, the through hole 911 can communicate the inside and outside of the device, the position of the through hole 91 is set to satisfy: when the shear assembly is stressed and broken, the piston 92 moves towards the initiator 95 until the firing pin 94 hits the initiator 95, the through hole 911 communicates the inside of the first joint 91 with the well annulus.

[0041] When the entire perforating device is lowered into the well, the passage formed by the conical hole, blind hole 3, and communication hole 4 of the self-priming liquid throwing ball pressure conversion device 01 for perforating connects the inside and outside of the device together, ensuring communication with the annulus in the well to achieve self-priming liquid. In case of a blowout, the circulation kill well can be achieved using this passage; when pressure is applied for initiation, the conical hole is blocked by the plugging ball 6, isolating the perforating device from the annulus in the well, and the pressure is transmitted from the pressure transmission hole 5 to the piston 92. The piston 92 transmits the pressure to the shear pin 961, and the shear pin 961 is sheared under force. The piston 92 drives the firing pin 94 to strike the initiator 95, triggering the perforating gun 10. When retrieving, since the piston 92 no longer blocks the through hole 911, the through hole 911 connects the inside and outside of the perforating device, preventing the perforating fluid from flowing out to the wellhead ground and causing pollution, thus realizing green operation.

[0042] The usage method of the perforating device of the present utility model is as follows:

[0043] S1 Lower the perforating device into the well;

[0044] S2 When the deeper sub-section 7 detects that it has reached the designated formation, throw the plugging ball 6 from the wellhead. The plugging ball 6 falls into the conical hole of the self-priming liquid throwing ball pressure conversion device 01 for perforating;

[0045] S3 Apply pressure from the wellhead. The pressure is transmitted from the pressure transmission hole 5 to the piston 92 of the pressure opening initiator 9, and the piston 92 transmits the pressure to the shear assembly;

[0046] S4 The shear assembly breaks under force. Subsequently, the piston 92 drives the firing pin 94 to strike the initiator 95, triggering the perforating gun 10 to complete the perforation of the designated formation;

[0047] S5 Retrieve the perforating device from the wellhead.

[0048] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the specific implementation manners of the present utility model and do not limit the scope of the present utility model. Without departing from the design spirit of the present utility model, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A self-priming liquid ball-throwing pressure conversion device for perforation, characterized in that: It comprises a shell (1) and a blocking ball (6); The top end of the shell (1) is used to connect with the oil pipe (8), and the bottom end is used to connect with the pressure opening initiator (9); A blocking seat (2) is arranged inside the shell (1), a conical hole is provided at the center of the top of the blocking seat (2), and the large hole of the conical hole faces the top of the shell (1); a connecting hole (4) is provided on the outer wall of the shell (1), and the conical hole is connected to the outside of the shell (1) through the connecting hole (4); A pressure transmission hole (5) for connecting the upper and lower ends of the housing (1) is provided on the sealing seat (2) in an axially extending manner; The blocking ball (6) is used to cooperate with the tapered hole to block the tapered hole.

2. The self-priming fluid injection ball throwing pressure conversion device for perforation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) comprises a large diameter section (1001) arranged near the top end and a small diameter section (1002) arranged near the bottom end; the small diameter section (1002) is provided with an external thread for threaded connection with a pressure opening detonator (9); The sealing seat (2) is arranged inside the large diameter section (1001) and is located at the bottom of the large diameter section (1001). An internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the large diameter section (1001) above the sealing seat (2) and is used for threaded connection with the oil pipe (8).

3. The self-priming liquid ball-drop pressure conversion device for perforation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A blind hole (3) is axially provided at the bottom of the tapered hole, and the communicating hole (4) is radially provided along the outer wall of the shell (1) and is communicated with the blind hole (3); There are a plurality of pressure transmission holes (5) arranged around the blind hole (3), and the top openings of the pressure transmission holes (5) are located on the conical surface of the conical hole.

4. A perforating device, comprising a deeper sub (7), a tubing (8), a perforating gun (10), and a pressure-opening initiator (9), characterized in that: It also comprises a self-filling liquid ball pressure conversion device (01) for perforating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3; The relatively deep short joint (7), the oil pipe (8), the self-filling liquid ball pressure conversion device for perforating (01), the pressure perforating detonator (9) and the perforating gun (10) are connected in sequence from top to bottom; The pressure opening detonator (9) comprises a housing, a piston (92), a striker (94), a shearing assembly and a detonator (95); The housing comprises a first joint (91) and a second joint (93) which are axially connected, the right end of the first joint (91) is sealed and arranged inside the left end of the second joint (93), and the detonator (95) is coaxially arranged inside the second joint (93); the left end of the piston (92) is sealed and arranged inside the first joint (91); The shearing assembly is arranged between the outside of the piston (92) and the inside of the second joint (93) and is used to fix the position of the piston (92). The shearing assembly can be broken when subjected to force. The firing pin (94) is detachably mounted on one end of the piston (92) close to the detonator (95); a through hole (911) is radially formed on the outer wall of the first joint (91) at a position corresponding to the piston (92); The position setting of the through hole (911) satisfies that: when the shear assembly is broken by force, the piston (92) moves toward the detonator (95) until the striker (94) hits the detonator (95), and the through hole (911) connects the interior of the first joint (91) with the annulus in the well.

5. The perforating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shear assembly comprises a shear sleeve (96) and a plurality of shear pins (961); The interior of the second joint (93) is provided with a stepped surface, and the large-diameter section of the stepped surface faces the first joint (91). The inner end surface of the first joint (91), the outer wall of the piston (92), and the inner wall of the large-diameter section of the stepped surface form an installation cavity. The shear sleeve (96) is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston (92) and is located in the installation cavity. The piston (92) and the shear sleeve (96) are connected by a plurality of shear pins (961); The outer diameter of the piston (92) is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the corresponding small-diameter section of the stepped surface of the second joint (93).

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