Impact water turbine capable of generating power bidirectionally

Abstract

The utility model discloses an impulse turbine capable of generating power bidirectionally, which relates to the technical field of water turbines and comprises a water turbine main shaft, a runner disc and an annular water delivery pipe, the water turbine main shaft is fixedly inserted on the runner disc, and a plurality of connecting rods are arranged on the outer wall of the runner disc along the circumference. One end of the connecting rod is inserted into the rotating wheel disc and is fixedly provided with a gear, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly provided with a steerable water bucket. When the water turbine needs to be braked or steered, the steering system can be put into use, and other equipment does not need to be disassembled or added, so that the device is more convenient to use; when the water turbine is shut down or load shedding occurs due to accidents, the steerable water bucket and the steerable nozzle are controlled by hydraulic control equipment to conduct steering operation, and meanwhile, a water inlet valve on the water spraying pipe is opened, so that water flow reversely impacts the steerable water bucket through the steerable nozzle, and then braking torque opposite to the original rotating direction is provided; therefore, rapid braking of the impulse turbine is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water turbines, in particular to an impulse water turbine capable of generating electricity in two directions. Background Technique

[0002] The impulse water turbine unit usually can only output torque outward in one rotation direction, which is restricted by the bucket orientation of the Pelton runner and the fixed hydraulic design of the water flow nozzle. The single operation mode greatly limits the operation flexibility of the impulse unit. Some ultra-high head power stations cannot install reaction turbines themselves, and the poor flexibility of the impulse turbines limits the power station functions. It is necessary to carry out functional design on the impulse turbines to expand their application scenarios.

[0003] In addition, in the case where the impulse unit needs to be shut down normally or faces abnormal load rejection, quickly reducing the speed of the unit can effectively avoid the water turbine being in a high-speed motion state for a long time, thereby reducing the probability of safety accidents of the unit.

[0004] At present, the common impulse water turbine speed regulation system mainly takes the following measures to brake the unit: controlling the needle in the nozzle to slowly move towards the closed direction through the speed regulation system, and at the same time opening the deflector at the front end of the nozzle to change the water flow impact direction, so as to reduce the impact of the water flow on the bucket, that is, reduce the driving torque of the impulse water turbine. However, this braking method not only requires a certain coordination relationship between the needle and the deflector, has high requirements for the speed regulation system, but also has relatively low braking efficiency and cannot quickly brake the impulse water turbine in a short time. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to improve the problems mentioned above that the existing braking method not only requires a certain coordination relationship between the needle and the deflector, has high requirements for the speed regulation system, but also has relatively low braking efficiency and cannot quickly brake the impulse water turbine in a short time, the utility model provides an impulse water turbine capable of generating electricity in two directions.

[0006] The utility model provides an impulse water turbine capable of generating electricity in two directions, adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] An impulse water turbine capable of two-way power generation, comprising a water turbine main shaft, a runner disk and an annular water delivery pipe. The water turbine main shaft is fixedly inserted into the runner disk. A plurality of connecting rods are arranged along the circumference on the outer wall of the runner disk. One end of each connecting rod is inserted into the runner disk and fixedly provided with a gear. The other end of each connecting rod is fixedly provided with a steerable water bucket. The annular water delivery pipe is arranged outside the steerable water bucket. A hydraulic control device is arranged inside the water turbine main shaft. A piston rod is fixedly arranged at the end of the hydraulic control device. A piston disk is arranged at the lower end of the piston rod. A plurality of racks are arranged along the circumference on the outer wall of the piston disk. The racks are meshed with the gears.

[0008] Through the above technical solution, first, water flow is sprayed through the annular water delivery pipe to impact the steerable water bucket, thereby causing the steerable water bucket to drive the connecting rod, the runner disk and the water turbine main shaft to rotate for power generation.

[0009] Optionally, in the above-mentioned impulse water turbine capable of two-way power generation, a plurality of spray pipes are arranged inside the annular water delivery pipe. A steerable nozzle is arranged at the water outlet end of each spray pipe. An inlet valve is arranged at the water inlet end of the annular water delivery pipe.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, it is convenient to control the opening and closing of the annular water delivery pipe through the inlet valve. When it is necessary to adjust the direction of the steerable water bucket, the annular water delivery pipe is closed through the inlet valve. When the adjustment of the steerable water bucket is completed, the inlet valve is opened. At this time, the water flow is conveyed into the steerable nozzle through the spray pipe.

[0011] Optionally, in the above-mentioned impulse water turbine capable of two-way power generation, a displacement sensor for detecting the action of the hydraulic control device is arranged inside the hydraulic control device. The displacement sensor controls the inlet valve switch through a controller.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, it is convenient to detect whether the hydraulic control device acts through the displacement sensor. When the displacement sensor detects that the hydraulic control device acts, the inlet valve is controlled to close through the controller. When the displacement sensor detects that the hydraulic control device stops acting, the inlet valve is controlled to open through the controller.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned impulse water turbine capable of two-way power generation, the steerable nozzle is connected to the spray pipe through a rotatable joint structure. The displacement sensor controls the rotatable joint structure through a controller.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, when the displacement sensor detects that the hydraulic control device acts, the rotatable joint structure is controlled through the controller to cause the steerable nozzle to rotate.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-described impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation, the number of the connecting rods corresponds to the number of the racks, and the gears on the connecting rods correspond to the positions of the racks and are engaged therewith.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, when the hydraulic control device controls the piston rod to push the piston disk downward, as the piston disk moves downward, it drives the rack to move synchronously and drives the gear, the connecting rod and the steerable water bucket to rotate.

[0017] Optionally, in the above-described impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation, an assembly groove is provided in the water turbine main shaft, and the hydraulic control device, the piston rod and the piston disk are installed in the assembly groove.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, it is convenient to install the hydraulic control device, the piston rod and the piston disk by providing an assembly groove in the water turbine main shaft.

[0019] Optionally, in the above-described impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation, a limiting device for limiting the moving distance of the rack and the piston disk is provided in the runner disk.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the position of the rack movement is limited by providing a limiting device, so as to control the starting point and the ending point when the rack moves.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-described impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation, one end of the piston disk is connected to the piston rod through a flange bolt, and the other end of the piston disk is connected to the inner bottom wall of the runner disk by providing a return spring.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, when the runner disk rotates normally, the return spring remains in a relaxed state, and the hydraulic control device remains in a high-pressure state. When the runner disk rotates in the reverse direction, the return spring remains in a taut state, and the hydraulic control device remains in an atmospheric pressure state.

[0023] Optionally, in the above-described impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation, the inside of the runner disk is of a cavity structure, turbine oil is provided in the runner disk, and sealing mechanisms are provided at the joints of the connecting rod, the water turbine main shaft, the piston disk and the runner disk.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, by filling the completely enclosed cavity of the runner disk with turbine oil, the operation of the device can be made smoother, and the overall sealing performance of the device can be easily increased through the sealing mechanism, thereby reducing the possibility of turbine oil leakage.

[0025] Optionally, in the above-described impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation, the hydraulic control device is composed of a motor, a pressure oil pump, an oil filter, a flow control valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, an oil spill valve, a return oil tank, and a terminal servomotor. The output end of the motor is provided with a pressure oil pump. The electromagnetic reversing valve is arranged between the pressure oil pump and the oil filter, and an oil spill valve is arranged between the electromagnetic reversing valve and the oil filter. The output end of the pressure oil pump is connected to the oil filter. The output end of the oil filter is connected to the flow control valve. The output end of the flow control valve is connected to the return oil tank. The output end of the return oil tank is connected to the terminal servomotor. The output end of the terminal servomotor is connected to the upper end of the piston rod.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, the motor drives the pressure oil pump to operate, and the oil is transported into the return oil tank through the oil filter, the flow control valve, the electromagnetic reversing valve, and the oil spill valve. Thus, the terminal servomotor is controlled by pressure to drive the piston rod to move. At this time, the piston rod drives the piston disc and the rack to move, and the rack drives the gear, the connecting rod, and the steerable bucket to rotate, thereby adjusting the direction of the steerable bucket.

[0027] In summary, the present utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0028] When the water turbine needs to be braked or steered, the steering system will be put into use, without the need to disassemble or add other equipment. Therefore, the device is more convenient to use;

[0029] When the water turbine stops or experiences an accidental load rejection, the hydraulic control device controls the steerable bucket and the steerable nozzle to perform a steering operation. At the same time, the inlet valve on the water spray pipe is opened, so that the water flow impacts the steerable bucket reversely through the steerable nozzle, thereby providing a braking torque opposite to the original rotation direction, and thus realizing the rapid braking of the impulse water turbine;

[0030] The device can effectively improve the braking efficiency and operation stability of the impulse water turbine, and to a large extent broaden the application scope of the impulse water turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a top view of the present utility model in the forward power generation state;

[0032] Figure 2 is a top view of the present utility model in the reverse power generation state;

[0033] Figure 3 is a side view of the present utility model in the forward power generation state;

[0034] Figure 4 is a side view of the present utility model in the reverse power generation state;

[0035] Figure 5It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the forward power generation state of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the reverse power generation state of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic diagram of the hydraulic control device of the present utility model.

[0038] In the figure: 1. Turbine main shaft; 2. Runner disc; 3. Steering bucket; 4. Connecting rod; 5. Steering nozzle; 6. Water spray pipe; 7. Piston disc; 8. Return spring; 9. Piston rod; 10. Rack; 11. Gear; 12. Annular water delivery pipe; 13. Hydraulic control device; 13-1. Motor; 13-2. Pressure oil pump; 13-3. Oil filter; 13-4. Flow control valve; 13-5. Electromagnetic reversing valve; 13-6. Oil overflow valve; 13-7. Oil return tank; 13-8. End servomotor. Specific embodiments

[0039] The following further describes the present utility model in detail Figures 1-7 in conjunction with the attached drawings.

[0040] Please refer to the drawings in the specification Figures 1-7 for an embodiment provided by the present utility model: An impulse turbine capable of two-way power generation, including a turbine main shaft 1, a runner disc 2 and an annular water delivery pipe 12. The turbine main shaft 1 is fixedly inserted into the runner disc 2. A plurality of connecting rods 4 are arranged along the circumference on the outer wall of the runner disc 2. One end of the connecting rod 4 is inserted into the runner disc 2 and a gear 11 is fixedly arranged. The other end of the connecting rod 4 is fixedly provided with a steering bucket 3. The steering bucket 3, the gear 11 and the connecting rod 4 are fixedly connected by welding.

[0041] The annular water delivery pipe 12 is arranged outside the steering bucket 3. A plurality of water spray pipes 6 are arranged on the inner side of the annular water delivery pipe 12. A steering nozzle 5 is arranged at the water outlet end of the water spray pipe 6. An inlet valve is arranged at the water inlet end of the annular water delivery pipe 12. It is convenient to control the opening and closing of the annular water delivery pipe 12 through the inlet valve. When it is necessary to adjust the direction of the steering bucket 3, the annular water delivery pipe 12 is closed through the inlet valve. After the steering bucket 3 is adjusted, the inlet valve is opened. At this time, water flow is conveyed into the steering nozzle 5 through the water spray pipe 6, and then the water flow is sprayed through the steering nozzle 5 to impact the steering bucket 3.

[0042] A hydraulic control device 13 is provided inside the water turbine main shaft 1. A displacement sensor for detecting the operation of the hydraulic control device 13 is provided inside the hydraulic control device 13. The displacement sensor controls the opening and closing of the water inlet valve through a controller. The detection hydraulic control device 13 controls start-stop through a control program or is controlled by a remote controller. The specific control method can be adjusted according to the actual situation. At the same time, it is convenient to detect whether the hydraulic control device 13 operates through the displacement sensor. When the displacement sensor detects that the hydraulic control device 13 operates, the water inlet valve is closed through the controller. When the displacement sensor detects that the hydraulic control device 13 stops operating, the water inlet valve is opened through the controller.

[0043] The steerable nozzle 5 is connected to the water spray pipe 6 by setting a rotatable joint structure. The displacement sensor controls the rotatable joint structure through a controller. When the displacement sensor detects that the hydraulic control device 13 operates, the rotatable joint structure is controlled through the controller to cause the steerable nozzle 5 to rotate, so as to cause the steerable nozzle 5 to synchronously adjust with the steerable bucket 3, and the jet direction of the steerable nozzle 5 and the steerable bucket 3 always maintain a relative direction.

[0044] A piston rod 9 is fixedly provided at the end of the hydraulic control device 13. A piston disk 7 is provided at the lower end of the piston rod 9. An assembly groove is opened inside the water turbine main shaft 1. The hydraulic control device 13, the piston rod 9 and the piston disk 7 are installed in the assembly groove. By opening the assembly groove inside the water turbine main shaft 1, it is convenient to install the hydraulic control device 13, the piston rod 9 and the piston disk 7, so as to conceal the hydraulic control device 13, the piston rod 9 and the piston disk 7 inside the water turbine main shaft 1.

[0045] One end of the piston disk 7 is connected to the piston rod 9 through a flange bolt. The other end of the piston disk 7 is connected to the inner bottom wall of the runner disk 2 by setting a return spring 8. When the runner disk 2 rotates normally, the return spring 8 remains in a relaxed state, and the hydraulic control device 13 remains in a high-pressure state. When the runner disk 2 rotates in the reverse direction, the return spring 8 remains in a taut state, and the hydraulic control device 13 remains in a normal pressure state. When the hydraulic control device 13 does not operate, it can rely on the supporting force of the bottom return spring 8 to remain fixed. The return spring 8 always remains in a contracted state, and there is no need for the hydraulic control device 13 to be put into operation, so the operating cost can be saved.

[0046] On the outer wall of the piston disc 7, a number of racks 10 are arranged along the circumference, and the racks 10 are fixed to the piston disc 7 by bolts; a limiting device for restricting the moving distance of the rack 10 and the piston disc 7 is arranged inside the runner disc 2. By setting the limiting device to limit the position of the rack 10 during movement, the starting and ending points of the movement of the rack 10 and the piston disc 7 can be controlled. Under normal conditions, the piston disc 7 is under the action of the restoring force of the return spring 8 and the balancing force of the limiting device, and maintains a fixed position; in the reverse state, the piston disc 7 is under the action of the restoring force of the return spring 8 and the balancing forces of the hydraulic control device 13 and the limiting device, and maintains a fixed position.

[0047] The inside of the runner disc 2 has a cavity structure, and turbine oil is arranged inside the runner disc 2. Sealing mechanisms are arranged at the joints of the connecting rod 4, the water turbine main shaft 1, the piston disc 7 and the runner disc 2. By filling the cavity of the completely enclosed runner disc 2 with turbine oil, the operation of the device can be made smoother, and the overall sealing performance of the device can be easily increased through the sealing mechanism, thereby reducing the possibility of turbine oil leakage.

[0048] The rack 10 meshes with the gear 11. The number of connecting rods 4 corresponds to the number of racks 10, and the gears 11 on the connecting rods 4 correspond to the positions of the racks 10 and mesh with them. When the impulse water turbine unit needs to be quickly braked or operate in a changed direction, when the hydraulic control device 13 controls the piston rod 9 to push the piston disc 7 downward, as the piston disc 7 moves downward, it drives the rack 10 to move synchronously and drives the gears 11, the connecting rods 4 and the steerable buckets 3 to rotate 180°, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the direction of the steerable buckets 3.

[0049] It should be noted that the hydraulic control device 13 is composed of a motor 13-1, a pressure oil pump 13-2, an oil filter 13-3, a flow control valve 13-4, an electromagnetic reversing valve 13-5, an oil spill valve 13-6, a return oil tank 13-7 and a terminal servomotor 13-8. The output end of the motor 13-1 is provided with the pressure oil pump 13-2. The electromagnetic reversing valve 13-5 is arranged between the pressure oil pump 13-2 and the oil filter 13-3, and an oil spill valve 13-6 is arranged between the electromagnetic reversing valve 13-5 and the oil filter 13-3. The output end of the pressure oil pump 13-2 is connected to the oil filter 13-3, the output end of the oil filter 13-3 is connected to the flow control valve 13-4, the output end of the flow control valve 13-4 is connected to the return oil tank 13-7, the output end of the return oil tank 13-7 is connected to the terminal servomotor 13-8, and the output end of the terminal servomotor 13-8 is connected to the upper end of the piston rod 9. The hydraulic control device 13 is a prior art, and the movement of the piston rod 9 is controlled through a hydraulic system. The specific structure of the hydraulic system can be replaced and adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0050] The pressure oil pump 13-2 is driven by the electric motor 13-1 to operate, and the oil is transported into the oil return tank 13-7 through the oil filter 13-3, flow regulating valve 13-4, electromagnetic reversing valve 13-5, and overflow valve 13-6, so as to drive the piston rod 9 to move through the pressure control of the end servomotor 13-8. At this time, the piston disk 7 and the rack 10 are driven to move by the piston rod 9, and the gear 11, connecting rod 4, and steerable bucket 3 are driven to rotate by the rack 10, so as to adjust the direction of the steerable bucket 3. When the electromagnetic reversing valve 13-5 switches the oil circuit, the end servomotor 13-8 loses pressure and resets. At this time, the piston disk 7 and the rack 10 are pushed upward to reset by the return spring 8, and at the same time, the gear 11, connecting rod 4, and steerable bucket 3 are driven to reset by the rack 10.

[0051] It should be noted that in order to reduce the wear of the gear 11, rack 10 and other mechanisms and avoid the vibration problem of the unit caused by uneven water flow impact force on the bucket, when the steering actions of the steerable nozzle 5 and the steerable bucket 3 are not completely completed, the inlet valve must be kept closed, and the unit is prohibited from being put into use.

[0052] Working principle: When using this impulse turbine that can generate electricity in both directions, when the power generation turbine operates in the normal direction, the restoring force of the return spring 8 ensures the fixation of the orientation of the steerable bucket 3, so that the impulse turbine maintains its original working condition and operates efficiently;

[0053] When the power generation turbine needs to be braked or provide a reverse torque outward, the inlet valve is closed, and at the same time, the hydraulic control device 13 in the turbine main shaft 1 pushes the piston rod 9 and the piston disk 7 to reach the lower limit position. At this time, the rack 10 drives the gear 11, connecting rod 4, and steerable bucket 3 to rotate 108°. At the same time, the steerable nozzle 5 cooperates to change to the other reverse direction, so that the water-facing working surface of the steerable bucket 3 is opposite to the jet direction of the steerable nozzle 5. At this time, the runner disk 2 is completely reversed, and the turbine main shaft 1 provides a reverse torque outward under the impact of the water flow;

[0054] The quick reverse of the unit is realized by adding the hydraulic control device 13, piston rod 9, piston disk 7, rack 10 and gear 11. At the same time, in order to ensure the successful conversion of the unit working condition, a displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the hydraulic control device 13 is also provided, and the displacement sensor is linked with the inlet valve. When the steerable bucket 3 flips 180° along the axis of the connecting rod 4, that is, when the direction of the runner disk 2 is completely flipped and the steerable nozzle 5 is fixed in the mirror image direction along the axis of the spray pipe 6, the inlet valve will open again. In this case, the unit can be braked or enter the reverse rotation working condition and output a reverse torque outward, so as to improve the application ability and flexibility of the impulse unit, and at the same time ensure safety and stability.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereby. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present utility model shall be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An impulse water turbine capable of generating electricity bidirectionally, comprising a water turbine main shaft (1), a runner disk (2) and an annular water delivery pipe (12), characterized in that: The water turbine main shaft (1) is fixedly inserted into the runner disk (2). A number of connecting rods (4) are arranged along the circumference on the outer wall of the runner disk (2). One end of the connecting rod (4) is inserted into the runner disk (2) and a gear (11) is fixedly arranged. The other end of the connecting rod (4) is fixedly provided with a steerable water bucket (3). The annular water delivery pipe (12) is arranged outside the steerable water bucket (3). A hydraulic control device (13) is arranged inside the water turbine main shaft (1). A piston rod (9) is fixedly arranged at the end of the hydraulic control device (13). A piston disk (7) is arranged at the lower end of the piston rod (9). A number of racks (10) are arranged along the circumference on the outer wall of the piston disk (7). The rack (10) meshes with the gear (11).

2. The impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A number of water spray pipes (6) are arranged inside the annular water delivery pipe (12). A steerable nozzle (5) is arranged at the water outlet end of the water spray pipe (6). An inlet valve is arranged at the water inlet end of the annular water delivery pipe (12).

3. The impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation according to claim 2, wherein: A displacement sensor for detecting the action of the hydraulic control device (13) is arranged inside the hydraulic control device (13). The displacement sensor controls the inlet valve switch through a controller.

4. The impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steerable nozzle (5) is connected to the water spray pipe (6) by setting a rotatable joint structure. The displacement sensor controls the rotatable joint structure through a controller.

5. The impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation according to claim 1, wherein: The number of the connecting rods (4) corresponds to the number of the racks (10), and the gears (11) on the connecting rods (4) correspond to the positions of the racks (10) and mesh with each other.

6. The impulse water turbine capable of two-way power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: An assembly groove is formed inside the water turbine main shaft (1). The hydraulic control device (13), the piston rod (9) and the piston disk (7) are installed in the assembly groove.

7. The impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation according to claim 1, wherein: A limiting device for limiting the moving distance of the rack (10) and the piston disk (7) is arranged inside the runner disk (2).

8. The impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the piston disk (7) is connected to the piston rod (9) by flange bolts, and the other end of the piston disk (7) is connected to the inner bottom wall of the runner disk (2) by setting a return spring (8).

9. The impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inside of the runner disk (2) is of a cavity structure. Turbine oil is arranged inside the runner disk (2). Sealing mechanisms are arranged at the joints of the connecting rod (4), the water turbine main shaft (1), the piston disk (7) and the runner disk (2).

10. The impulse water turbine capable of bidirectional power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic control device (13) consists of a motor (13-1), a pressure oil pump (13-2), an oil filter (13-3), a flow control valve (13-4), an electromagnetic directional control valve (13-5), a relief valve (13-6), an oil return tank (13-7) and a terminal servomotor (13-8). The output end of the motor (13-1) is provided with a pressure oil pump (13-2). The electromagnetic directional control valve (13-5) is arranged between the pressure oil pump (13-2) and the oil filter (13-3), and a relief valve (13-6) is arranged between the electromagnetic directional control valve (13-5) and the oil filter (13-3). The output end of the pressure oil pump (13-2) is connected to the oil filter (13-3). The output end of the oil filter (13-3) is connected to the flow control valve (13-4). The output end of the flow control valve (13-4) is connected to the oil return tank (13-7). The output end of the oil return tank (13-7) is connected to the terminal servomotor (13-8). The output end of the terminal servomotor (13-8) is connected to the upper end of the piston rod (9).

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