Small ball circular motion experimental device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of physical experiment devices, and discloses a small ball circular motion experiment device which comprises a first base and a second base, grooves are formed in the surface of the first base and the surface of the second base respectively, adjusting assemblies are arranged in the grooves, each adjusting assembly comprises two sets of sliding blocks, the sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged, and the two sets of sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged. The two sets of sliding blocks are slidably connected into the grooves, the surfaces of the sliding blocks are fixedly connected with guide rails, the guide rails are arranged to be in an M shape, the protruding part on one side of each guide rail is higher than the protruding part on the other side of each guide rail, the bottom face of the lowest point of each guide rail is fixedly connected with a fixing block, and each fixing block is sleeved with a bandage. According to the utility model, an experimenter is allowed to easily adjust the distance between the guide rails through the groove and the adjusting assembly so as to adapt to small balls of different sizes, the M-shaped guide rails enable the small balls to simulate curvilinear motion, and meanwhile, the relationship between supporting force and gravity at the lowest point and the highest point in the movement process of the small balls is displayed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of physical experiment devices, in particular to an experimental device for the circular motion of a small ball. Background Art

[0002] Physics is a discipline that studies the most general laws of the motion of matter and the basic structure of matter. As the leading discipline of natural science, physics studies the most basic forms and laws of motion of all matter, from the universe to elementary particles, and thus becomes the research foundation for other natural science disciplines.

[0003] In the study of physics, circular motion is an extremely important model. When an object moves in a vertical plane in a circular motion, the supporting force of the track on the object will change, and the supporting force is invisible and intangible. When an object moves in a circular motion on an outer track, it is not easy to observe the supporting force at the lowest point and the highest point. Therefore, an experimental device for the circular motion of a small ball is proposed to reflect the change of the supporting force when the object moves in a circular motion on the track, so as to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the utility model provides an experimental device for the circular motion of a small ball, aiming to reflect the change of the supporting force when the object moves in a circular motion on the track, especially the problem that it is not easy to observe the supporting force when the object is at the lowest point and the highest point of the track.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an experimental device for the circular motion of a small ball, including a first base and a second base. Grooves are provided on the surfaces of the first base and the second base. An adjusting component is arranged inside the grooves. The adjusting component includes sliders. Two groups of sliders are symmetrically arranged. Both groups of sliders are slidably connected inside the grooves. A guide rail is fixedly connected to the surface of the sliders.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical scheme:

[0007] The shape of the guide rail is set to be M-shaped, and the protruding part on one side of the guide rail is higher than the protruding part on the other side.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical scheme:

[0009] A fixing block is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lowest point of the guide rail, and a binding strap is sleeved on the fixing block.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical scheme:

[0011] A collection groove is provided on the surface of the first base, and a baffle can be fixedly connected to the side wall of the first base.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical scheme:

[0013] The first base and the second base are fixedly connected through a fixing plate.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The two sets of sliders are threadedly connected through a bidirectional threaded rod. A braking wheel is fixedly connected to the end of the bidirectional threaded rod. The bidirectional threaded rod penetrates and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first base.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The top end of the baffle is provided with an arc.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] Two sets of symmetrically arranged convex plates are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing plate.

[0020] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. In the utility model, through the groove and the adjusting component, the experimenter can easily adjust the distance between the guide rails, so as to adapt to balls of different sizes. The M-shaped guide rails enable the balls to simulate free sliding motion, and at the same time show the relationship between the supporting force and the gravity during the ball motion process.

[0022] 2. In the utility model, through the setting of the binding straps, the experimenter can also observe the motion conditions of the balls at different speeds, including continuing to move along the guide rails or flying out to do projectile motion. The setting of the collection groove and the baffle effectively prevents the balls from scattering everywhere. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an experimental device for the circular motion of balls proposed by the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting component of an experimental device for the circular motion of balls proposed by the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A of an experimental device for the circular motion of balls proposed by the utility model.

[0026] Legend Explanation:

[0027] 1. First base; 2. Second base; 3. Fixing plate; 31. Convex plate; 4. Groove; 5. Adjusting component; 51. Slider; 52. Bidirectional threaded rod; 53. Braking wheel; 54. Guide rail; 55. Fixed block; 56. Binding strap; 6. Collection groove; 7. Baffle. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0028] Next, in combination with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment provided by the present invention: an experimental device for the circular motion of small balls, including a base one 1 and a base two 2. The base one 1 and the base two 2 provide stable support and basic structure for the whole device. The base one 1 and the base two 2 are fixedly connected through a fixing plate 3. The fixing plate 3 is used to connect the base one 1 and the base two 2 together and reinforce the base one 1 and the base two 2. Two groups of symmetrically arranged convex plates 31 are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing plate 3. The convex plates 31 form raised edges on both sides of the fixing plate 3, so that the falling small balls fall on the surface of the fixing plate 3. Grooves 4 are opened on the surfaces of the base one 1 and the base two 2. The grooves 4 are used for installing and accommodating the adjusting assembly 5.

[0030] Refer to Figure 1 - Figure 2 , an adjusting assembly 5 is arranged inside the groove 4. The adjusting assembly 5 is used to adjust the distance between the guide rails 54, so as to provide experiments for small balls of different specifications. The adjusting assembly 5 includes sliders 51. Two groups of sliders 51 are symmetrically arranged. Both groups of sliders 51 are slidably connected inside the groove 4. The two groups of sliders 51 are threadedly connected through a bidirectional threaded rod 52. The sliders 51 are used to fix the ends of the guide rails 54. A brake wheel 53 is fixedly connected to the end of the bidirectional threaded rod 52. The bidirectional threaded rod 52 penetrates and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the base one 1. Guide rails 54 are fixedly connected to the surfaces of the sliders 51. By rotating the bidirectional threaded rod 52, the two groups of sliders 51 move towards each other or away from each other, so as to adjust the distance between the guide rails 54.

[0031] Refer to Figure 2 - Figure 3, the shape of the guide rail 54 is set to an M shape, and the raised part on one side of the guide rail 54 is higher than the raised part on the other side. When a small ball is placed on the guide rail 54, due to the higher raised part on one side, it will tend to move downward along that side, allowing the experimenter to observe the behavior of the small ball moving along the guide rail 54 in a curved path under gravity. When the small ball is placed at the lowest point of the guide rail 54, the small ball can remain stationary at the lowest point of the guide rail 54, and at this time, the supporting force is equal to the gravity. When the small ball is placed on the track on the higher side of the guide rail 54, the resultant force of the supporting force and the gravity when the small ball moves in a curved path through the lowest point of the guide rail 54 serves as the centripetal force. Therefore, when the gravity of the small ball is greater than the supporting force, the normal pressure is less than the gravity, and the small ball continues to move along the track 54 in a curved path. When the small ball slides down from a higher position on the higher side of the guide rail 54 through the lowest point of the guide rail 54, if the gravity of the small ball is less than the supporting force, the normal pressure is greater than the gravity, and the small ball will push open the guide rail 54 and fall onto the fixed plate 3, thus intuitively demonstrating the motion phenomena that occur respectively when the gravity is less than the supporting force and the gravity is greater than the supporting force when the small ball moves in a circular motion through the lowest point of the guide rail 54. A fixing block 55 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lowest point of the guide rail 54, and a strap 56 is sleeved on the fixing block 55. By tying two groups of straps 56 together, the distance between the guide rails 54 is kept fixed. The experimenter can observe the sliding speed of the small ball by placing the small ball at different positions on the guide rail 54. The experimenter can place the small ball on the higher side of the guide rail 54 and let it slide down. If the speed of the small ball is small, the small ball continues to move along the guide rail 54. If the speed is large, after the small ball slides through the highest point on the other side of the guide rail 54, it is in a state of complete weightlessness, the guide rail 54 has no supporting force on the small ball, and the small ball flies out of the guide rail 54 and makes a projectile motion. Thus, it intuitively demonstrates that different speeds of the small ball result in different motion phenomena.

[0032] Refer to Figure 1 , a collection groove 6 is formed on the surface of the first base 1, and a baffle 7 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first base 1. The top of the baffle 7 is provided with an arc. The baffle 7 is used to block the small ball making a projectile motion so that the small ball falls into the collection groove 6.

[0033] Working principle: When an experiment on the circular motion of a small ball is to be carried out, the experimenter first adjusts the adjusting assembly 5 according to the specifications of the small ball. By rotating the braking wheel 53, the bidirectional threaded rod 52 rotates, and then drives two groups of sliders 51 to slide in the groove 4. Since the sliders 51 are threadedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 52, the two groups of sliders 51 will move towards or away from each other, thereby adjusting the distance between the guide rails 54. When the distance is adjusted to the appropriate position, stop rotating the braking wheel 53 to ensure the stable positions of the sliders 51 and the guide rail 54.

[0034] Next, the experimenter can observe the sliding speed of the small ball by placing the small ball at different positions on the guide rail 54. Since the shape of the guide rail 54 is set as an M shape, and the raised part on one side is higher than the other side, when the small ball is placed on the higher side of the guide rail 54 and allowed to slide freely, the small ball will be affected by gravity and move downward along the higher side of the guide rail 54. During this process, the experimenter can observe the phenomenon that the small ball moves along the guide rail 54 in a curved path under the action of gravity.

[0035] When the small ball moves in a curved path through the lowest point of the guide rail 54, the resultant force of the support force and gravity serves as the centripetal force. When the gravity of the small ball is less than the support force, the normal pressure is greater than the gravity of the small ball, and the small ball will push open the guide rail 54 and fall onto the fixed plate 3, thus visually demonstrating the motion phenomenon that occurs when the gravity of the small ball is less than the support force when the small ball moves in a circular motion through the lowest point of the guide rail 54.

[0036] The experimenter can tie two sets of straps 56 together to fix the distance between the guide rails 54. In this way, regardless of the speed of the small ball, the distance between the guide rails 54 will remain unchanged, and the guide rail 54 cannot be pushed open by the small ball. When the small ball moves to the highest point of the guide rail 54, if the speed of the small ball is small, it will continue to move along the guide rail 54. However, if the speed of the small ball is large, the small ball will be completely weightless after moving in a curved path through the highest point on the other side of the guide rail 54, and the small ball will fly out of the guide rail 54. At this time, the guide rail 54 has no support force on the small ball, and the small ball will perform a projectile motion. Thus, it visually demonstrates that different speeds of the small ball result in different motion phenomena.

[0037] In order to capture these flying small balls, a collection groove 6 is provided on the base 1, and a baffle 7 is fixedly connected to its side wall. The top of the baffle 7 is set as an arc shape, which can effectively block and guide the small balls into the collection groove 6 to prevent the small balls from scattering everywhere.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for the circular motion of a small ball, comprising a first base (1) and a second base (2), characterized in that: The surfaces of the first base (1) and the second base (2) are both provided with grooves (4), and an adjusting component (5) is arranged inside the grooves (4). The adjusting component (5) includes sliders (51). Two groups of the sliders (51) are symmetrically arranged, and both groups of the sliders (51) are slidably connected inside the grooves (4). A guide rail (54) is fixedly connected to the surface of the sliders (51).

2. The experimental device for the circular motion of a small ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the guide rail (54) is set to be M-shaped, and the protruding part on one side of the guide rail (54) is higher than the protruding part on the other side.

3. The experimental device for the circular motion of a small ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed block (55) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the lowest point of the guide rail (54), and a strap (56) is sleeved on the fixed block (55).

4. The experimental device for the circular motion of a small ball according to claim 1, wherein: A collection groove (6) is formed on the surface of the first base (1), and a baffle (7) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first base (1).

5. The experimental device for the circular motion of a small ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first base (1) and the second base (2) are fixedly connected through a fixing plate (3).

6. The small ball circular motion experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two groups of the sliders (51) are threadedly connected through a bidirectional threaded rod (52). A braking wheel (53) is fixedly connected to the end of the bidirectional threaded rod (52), and the bidirectional threaded rod (52) penetrates and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the first base (1).

7. A small ball circular motion experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top end of the baffle (7) is provided with an arc shape.

8. The experimental device for the circular motion of a small ball according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two symmetrically arranged convex plates (31) are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing plate (3).

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