High slope rainwater collection and automatic irrigation system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of slope ecological protection, and provides a high slope rainwater collection and automatic irrigation system based on the Internet of Things, which comprises an integrated control assembly, a signal acquisition assembly, an irrigation mechanism and a rainwater collection mechanism, the integrated control assembly is wirelessly connected with the signal acquisition assembly and the irrigation mechanism; the signal acquisition assembly is provided with a soil humidity sensor; the irrigation mechanism comprises an irrigation pipe network and a reservoir; the irrigation pipe network comprises a main pipe, a plurality of branch pipes and irrigation emitters fixedly connected with the branch pipes; the main pipe is communicated with the reservoir; and the rainwater collecting mechanism is communicated with the reservoir. The irrigation system can be logged in through the mobile terminal or the computer terminal, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the soil humidity are preset remotely, the soil humidity sensor is used for monitoring, and the irrigation mechanism is controlled to perform full-coverage irrigation on vegetation according to the implementation humidity automatic feedback of the soil. Automatic irrigation of high slope vegetation is achieved, and the irrigation effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of slope ecological protection. Specifically, it relates to an automatic irrigation system for rainwater collection on high slopes based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] The main purpose of slope ecological protection is to reduce landslide disasters and mitigate the adverse effects on the environment caused by engineering reasons. The ecological protection of high slopes lies in planting various suitable vegetation, and proper irrigation of the vegetation is one of the necessary conditions to ensure the normal growth of high-slope vegetation.

[0003] Currently, the automatic irrigation method for high-slope vegetation is mostly to excavate irrigation ditches on high slopes, lay irrigation pipelines, monitor soil humidity and remotely control irrigation manually. This automatic irrigation method requires laying multiple signal lines on the slope to connect with humidity sensors to monitor soil humidity, and relies on the subjective judgment of operators to control the irrigation timing and irrigation water volume, which is likely to cause over-irrigation or under-irrigation, with high comprehensive costs and unreliable irrigation effects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above problems, this application provides an automatic irrigation system for rainwater collection on high slopes based on the Internet of Things, including an integrated control component, a signal acquisition component, an irrigation mechanism, and a rainwater collection mechanism;

[0005] The integrated control component is wirelessly connected to both the signal acquisition component and the irrigation mechanism; several signal acquisition components are provided, and the signal acquisition component is provided with a soil humidity sensor;

[0006] The irrigation mechanism includes an irrigation pipe network and a reservoir; the irrigation pipe network includes a main trunk pipe, several branch pipes, and irrigation devices fixedly connected to the several branch pipes; the main trunk pipe is communicated with the reservoir; at least one signal acquisition component is correspondingly arranged near each branch pipe;

[0007] The rainwater collection mechanism is communicated with the reservoir.

[0008] In an alternative embodiment, the integrated control component includes a wireless terminal device, a microcomputer, a relay module, a long-range radio receiver, and a rechargeable battery;

[0009] The microcomputer is electrically connected to the wireless terminal device, the relay module, and the long-range radio receiver; the long-range radio receiver is wirelessly connected to the signal acquisition component.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the signal acquisition component further includes a long-range radio transmitter and a rechargeable battery;

[0011] The long-distance radio transmitter is electrically connected to the soil moisture sensor; the long-distance radio transmitter is wirelessly connected to the long-distance radio receiver.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, the automatic irrigation system for rainwater collection on high slopes further includes a solar power supply device;

[0013] A number of solar power supply devices are provided, and are respectively fixedly connected to the integrated control component and each signal acquisition component; the solar power supply device is provided with photovoltaic cells, and each photovoltaic cell is electrically connected to each rechargeable battery.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the irrigation mechanism further includes solenoid valves;

[0015] A number of solenoid valves are provided, and each solenoid valve is respectively fixedly connected to the connection between the main header pipe and each branch pipe; the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the integrated control component.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the irrigation mechanism further includes a liquid level sensor; the liquid level sensor is located in the reservoir, and the liquid level sensor is electrically connected to the integrated control component.

[0017] In an alternative embodiment, the rainwater collection mechanism includes a water guide trough and a flow diversion device;

[0018] The water guide trough is communicated with the reservoir through a rainwater collection pipeline; the flow diversion device is fixedly connected to the rainwater collection pipeline.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the rainwater collection mechanism further includes a rainwater purifier; the rainwater purifier is fixedly connected to the rainwater collection pipeline and is located between the reservoir and the flow diversion device.

[0020] Advantages of the present application:

[0021] In the present application, the irrigation system is logged in through a mobile terminal or a computer terminal that can be connected to the Internet, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the soil humidity are remotely preset, and the signal acquisition component and its soil humidity sensor are used for monitoring and feedback. By comparing the actual humidity of the soil with the preset humidity value, the irrigation mechanism is controlled to perform full-coverage irrigation. Furthermore, remote irrigation setting and automatic irrigation of the high-slope vegetation are realized, avoiding the problems of over-irrigation and under-irrigation caused by manual irrigation control, achieving better irrigation effect, and saving costs at the same time. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high - slope rainwater collection and automatic irrigation system based on the Internet of Things in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of part A in

[0025] Figure 3 is a signal topology block diagram of an integrated control component of a high - slope rainwater collection and automatic irrigation system based on the Internet of Things in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a signal topology block diagram of a signal acquisition component of a high - slope rainwater collection and automatic irrigation system based on the Internet of Things in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Reference numerals in the figure:

[0028] 1, integrated control component; 11, wireless terminal device; 12, microcomputer; 13, relay module; 14, long - range radio receiver;

[0029] 2, signal acquisition component; 21, soil moisture sensor; 22, long - range radio transmitter;

[0030] 3, irrigation mechanism; 31, reservoir; 32, main trunk pipe; 33, branch pipe; 34, emitter; 35, solenoid valve; 36, liquid level sensor;

[0031] 4, rainwater collection mechanism; 41, water guide trough; 42, flow - through device; 43, rainwater purifier; 44, rainwater collection pipeline;

[0032] 5, solar power supply device. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific implementation manners of the present application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application. Similarly, the following embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0036] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be construed in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication between two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0038] In the present application, wireless connection refers to establishing a communication link between devices using wireless technologies such as radio, wifi mobile hotspot, mobile communication technology, etc., providing a basis for data communication between devices. Commonly used devices for implementing wireless connection include wireless routers, cellular devices, etc.

[0039] To solve the problems existing in the background technology, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , this application provides a high-slope rainwater collection automatic irrigation system based on the Internet of Things, and the specific embodiments are as follows:

[0040] In one embodiment, this application provides a high-slope rainwater collection automatic irrigation system based on the Internet of Things, including an integrated control component 1, a signal acquisition component 2, an irrigation mechanism 3, and a rainwater collection mechanism 4;

[0041] The integrated control component 1 is wirelessly connected to both the signal acquisition component 2 and the irrigation mechanism 3; several signal acquisition components 2 are provided, and the signal acquisition component 2 is provided with a soil humidity sensor 21;

[0042] The irrigation mechanism 3 includes an irrigation pipe network and a reservoir 31; the irrigation pipe network includes a main trunk pipe 32, several branch pipes 33, and a water emitter 34 fixedly connected to the several branch pipes 33; the main trunk pipe 32 is communicated with the reservoir 31; at least one signal acquisition component 2 is correspondingly arranged near each branch pipe 33;

[0043] The rainwater collection mechanism 4 is communicated with the reservoir 31.

[0044] Among them, the integrated control component 1 is used to establish a communication link, centrally process and transmit data, issue instructions, and integrate wiring harnesses; the signal acquisition component 2 is used to collect soil humidity data and feedback it to the integrated control component 1.

[0045] In this embodiment, the main trunk pipe 32 of the irrigation pipe network is communicated with the reservoir 31, and each branch pipe 33 is arranged in blocks according to the distribution area of the slope vegetation, and the water emitter 34 is reasonably distributed on the premise of covering the entire slope vegetation according to the area that the water emitter 34 can cover; at the same time, the signal acquisition component 2 is arranged correspondingly according to the layout of each branch pipe 33 to monitor the soil humidity of the corresponding vegetation distribution area. Among them, the water emitter 34 is a spray type water emitter 34.

[0046] In this embodiment, the reservoir 31 is an underground reservoir 31, which is convenient for the rainwater collected by the rainwater collection mechanism 4 and surface water to be introduced into the reservoir 31; a submersible pump communicated with the main trunk pipe 32 is configured in the reservoir 31 to pump the water in the reservoir 31 into each branch pipe 33 and irrigate the vegetation by using the water emitter 34. Among them, a pump start-stop controller corresponding to the submersible pump is configured in the integrated control component 1.

[0047] Furthermore, log in to the irrigation system through a mobile or computer terminal connected to the Internet, remotely preset the upper and lower limit values of soil humidity, and use the signal acquisition component 2 and its soil humidity sensor 21 for monitoring and feedback. Compare the actual soil humidity with the preset humidity value to control the irrigation mechanism 3 for full-coverage irrigation. It can achieve remote preset irrigation and automatic irrigation of high-slope vegetation, avoid the problems of over-irrigation and under-irrigation caused by manual control of irrigation, have good irrigation effect and low labor cost.

[0048] In one embodiment, the integrated control component 1 includes a wireless terminal device 11, a microcomputer 12, a relay module 13, a long-distance radio receiver 14, and a rechargeable battery;

[0049] The microcomputer 12 is electrically connected to the wireless terminal device 11, the relay module 13, and the long-distance radio receiver 14; the long-distance radio receiver 14 is wirelessly connected to the signal acquisition component 2.

[0050] In this embodiment, the wireless terminal device 11 is the DTU, which is a terminal device specifically used to convert serial port data into IP data or convert IP data into serial port data and transmit it through a wireless communication network. The microcomputer 12 is a relatively small electronic computer composed of large-scale integrated circuits, which is a bare machine based on a microprocessor and equipped with internal memory, input / output interface circuits, and corresponding auxiliary circuits.

[0051] In this embodiment, the relay module 13 is specifically a 485 relay module 13, that is, an electrical control device module using the RS-485 serial bus standard. Among them, 485 is a remote weighing data acquisition method for a communication interface; RS-485 uses balanced transmission and differential reception, has the ability to suppress common-mode interference, and is suitable for communication distances ranging from dozens of meters to thousands of meters.

[0052] In this embodiment, the long-distance radio receiver 14 is specifically a LoRa receiver. Among them, LoRa is a low-power local area network wireless standard. Under the same power consumption conditions, LoRa can transmit farther than other wireless methods, achieving the unity of low power consumption and long distance. It can expand the communication distance by 3-5 times compared with traditional wireless radio frequency under the same power consumption.

[0053] In this embodiment, the DTU, the microcomputer 12, the 485 relay module 13, and the LoRa receiver are all powered by a rechargeable battery.

[0054] In one embodiment, the signal acquisition component 2 further includes a long-distance radio transmitter 22 and a rechargeable battery;

[0055] The long-distance radio transmitter 22 is electrically connected to the soil moisture sensor 21; the long-distance radio transmitter 22 is wirelessly connected to the long-distance radio receiver 14.

[0056] In this embodiment, the long-distance radio transmitter 22 is a LoRa transmitter; both the LoRa transmitter and the soil moisture sensor 21 are powered by rechargeable batteries.

[0057] Among them, the soil moisture sensor 21, also known as the soil water sensor, is composed of stainless steel probes and waterproof probes, and can be buried in the soil and dams for a long time to monitor and measure the soil moisture at fixed points on the surface and deep layers of the soil.

[0058] In one embodiment, the high slope rainwater collection and automatic irrigation system further includes a solar power supply device 5;

[0059] A number of solar power supply devices 5 are provided and are respectively fixedly connected to the integrated control component 1 and each signal acquisition component 2; the solar power supply device 5 is provided with photovoltaic cells, and each photovoltaic cell is electrically connected to each rechargeable battery. Using solar photovoltaic power supply can avoid the large-area wiring harness laying operation of traditional power supply wire pulling, and reduce the construction and maintenance costs.

[0060] In one embodiment, the irrigation mechanism 3 further includes a solenoid valve 35;

[0061] A number of solenoid valves 35 are provided, and each solenoid valve 35 is respectively fixedly connected to the connection between the main trunk pipe 32 and each branch pipe 33; the solenoid valve 35 is electrically connected to the integrated control component 1. The integrated control component 1 can correspondingly control the branch pipe 33 and the water emitter 34 connected thereto by controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 35, so as to achieve designated irrigation of the slope vegetation.

[0062] In one embodiment, the irrigation mechanism 3 further includes a liquid level sensor 36; the liquid level sensor 36 is located in the reservoir 31, and the liquid level sensor 36 is electrically connected to the integrated control component 1. The setting of the liquid level sensor 36 facilitates the monitoring of the remaining water volume in the reservoir 31, and avoids insufficient water volume in the reservoir 31 or backflow during the rainwater collection process.

[0063] In one embodiment, the rainwater collection mechanism 4 includes a water guide groove 41 and a flow diversion device 42;

[0064] The water guide groove 41 is communicated with the reservoir 31 through a rainwater collection pipe 44; the flow diversion device 42 is fixedly connected to the rainwater collection pipe 44.

[0065] Among them, rainwater runoff diversion mainly occurs during the initial rainfall. The first 2-5 mm of rainwater is usually diverted due to severe pollution to protect the quality of the subsequently collected rainwater and prevent impurities from entering the water storage tank 31. The runoff diversion device 42 generally forms a temporary blockage inside the device through a series of mechanical or electrical control methods, and discharges the rainwater with severe initial pollution through gravity. As the rainfall increases, relatively clean rainwater is collected into the water storage tank 31.

[0066] Furthermore, the rainwater collection mechanism 4 further includes a rainwater purifier 43; the rainwater purifier 43 is fixedly connected to the rainwater collection pipeline 44 and is located between the water storage tank 31 and the runoff diversion device 42. By adding a rainwater purifier 43 between the water storage tank 31 and the runoff diversion device 42, the rainwater after runoff diversion can be further filtered to ensure that the rainwater entering the water storage tank 31 can be directly used for irrigation.

[0067] During specific implementation, irrigation branch pipes 33 are arranged in blocks within the high slope irrigation range. Based on the area that the spray-type irrigation device 34 can cover, the spray-type irrigation devices 34 are reasonably distributed to achieve full coverage of the high slope during irrigation. In front of the first spray-type irrigation device 34 on each branch pipe 33, a DC solenoid valve 35 of an appropriate size is installed according to the diameter of the pipeline. The integrated control component 1 is installed through an integrated control box. To reduce the usage amount of on-site power lines and the workload of operations, the location for installing the integrated control box needs to be selected nearby. When installing the integrated control box, a controller vertical pole needs to be erected, and a solar panel is installed at the top of the vertical pole and tilted horizontally at 60° to 70°, with the panel's light-receiving surface facing the sun. A waterproof integrated control box is installed below the solar panel, and a DTU, a microcomputer 12, a 485 relay module 13, a LoRa receiver, and a rechargeable battery are placed inside the box. The control line of the solenoid valve 35 and the signal line of the liquid level sensor 36 are led into the control box and connected to the 485 relay module 13. The signal acquisition component 2 is installed through a signal acquisition box. When installing the signal acquisition box, a controller vertical pole needs to be erected, and a solar panel is installed at the top of the vertical pole and tilted horizontally at 60° to 70°, with the panel's light-receiving surface facing the sun. A waterproof signal acquisition box is installed below the solar panel, and a LoRa transmitter and a rechargeable battery are placed inside the box. The soil humidity sensor 21 is connected to the LoRa transmitter through a signal line. An electric runoff diversion device 42 and a rainwater purifier 43 are installed on the water pipe between the water guide trough 41 and the water storage tank 31. The rainwater purifier 43 is installed on the side of the water storage tank 31, and the electric runoff diversion device 42 is installed on the side of the water guide trough 41.

[0068] In summary, the working principle of this application is as follows: The entire automatic irrigation system is based on Internet of Things technology. The soil moisture sensor 21 is used to collect the soil water content of the high slope, and the liquid level sensor 36 is used to collect the liquid level height in the reservoir 31. The collected data is sent into the on-site microcomputer 12 in a wired and wireless manner. The microcomputer 12 runs the platform software, and the DTU provides the Internet access network for the microcomputer 12. Management personnel can remotely view and control the key data of the high slope and the operating status of the equipment on the mobile terminal or the computer terminal. The soil moisture sensor 21 collects the soil water content in the soil of the high slope. Log in to the system platform with a mobile phone to set the threshold value of the soil water content. When the soil moisture sensor 21 detects that the soil moisture is insufficient and the humidity reaches the set lower limit value, the LoRa transmitter keeps running until the irrigation mechanism 3 starts to irrigate the irrigation area until it reaches the upper limit value. Then the LoRa transmitter enters the sleep state again and starts running periodically according to the set time until the next time the soil moisture is detected to be insufficient, and then enters the continuous operation mode to monitor the soil moisture in real time. The irrigation mechanism 3 mainly compares the collected data of the soil water content with the set value through the system and realizes the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 35 through the 485 relay module 13. When the data collected by the liquid level sensor 36 is lower than the threshold value, the water pump stops working. The soil moisture sensor 21 adopts the RS-485 half-duplex working mode, follows the Modbus standard protocol, and supports multi-point data communication. The LoRa transmitter and the LoRa receiver have a one-to-many communication topology structure, that is, one receiving module can receive the data information of multiple sending modules. The LoRa receiver is always in the running state, waiting to receive the data transmitted by the LoRa transmitter. The LoRa transmitter is basically in the sleep state to achieve the purpose of low power consumption. The RS-485 bus network topology generally adopts a bus type structure with terminal matching. That is, a bus is used to connect each node in series. RS-485 adopts balanced transmission and differential reception, so it has the ability to suppress common-mode interference.

[0069] The above are only optional embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic irrigation system for rainwater collection on high slopes based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that, It includes an integrated control component (1), a signal acquisition component (2), an irrigation mechanism (3), and a rainwater collection mechanism (4); The integrated control component (1) is wirelessly connected to both the signal acquisition component (2) and the irrigation mechanism (3); There are several signal acquisition components (2) provided, and the signal acquisition component (2) is provided with a soil moisture sensor (21); The irrigation mechanism (3) includes an irrigation pipe network and a water storage tank (31); The irrigation pipe network includes a main trunk pipe (32), several branch pipes (33), and irrigation emitters (34) fixedly connected to the several branch pipes (33); The main trunk pipe (32) is communicated with the water storage tank (31); At least one signal acquisition component (2) is correspondingly arranged near each branch pipe (33); The rainwater collection mechanism (4) is communicated with the water storage tank (31).

2. The automatic irrigation system for rainwater collection on high slopes based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated control component (1) includes a wireless terminal device (11), a microcomputer (12), a relay module (13), a long range radio receiver (14), and a rechargeable battery; The microcomputer (12) is electrically connected to the wireless terminal device (11), the relay module (13), and the long range radio receiver (14); The long range radio receiver (14) is wirelessly connected to the signal acquisition component (2).

3. The automatic irrigation system for rainwater collection on high slopes based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, characterized in that The signal acquisition component (2) further includes a long range radio transmitter (22) and a rechargeable battery; The long range radio transmitter (22) is electrically connected to the soil moisture sensor (21); The long range radio transmitter (22) is wirelessly connected to the long range radio receiver (14).

4. The automatic irrigation system for high slope rainwater collection based on the Internet of Things according to claim 3, characterized in that, It further includes a solar power supply device (5); There are several solar power supply devices (5) provided, and they are respectively fixedly connected to the integrated control component (1) and each signal acquisition component (2); The solar power supply device (5) is provided with photovoltaic cells, and each photovoltaic cell is respectively electrically connected to each rechargeable battery.

5. The automatic irrigation system for rainwater collection on high slopes based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irrigation mechanism (3) further includes a solenoid valve (35); There are several solenoid valves (35) provided, and each solenoid valve (35) is respectively fixedly connected to the connection part between the main trunk pipe (32) and each branch pipe (33); The solenoid valve (35) is electrically connected to the integrated control component (1).

6. The automatic irrigation system for rainwater collection on high slopes based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irrigation mechanism (3) further includes a liquid level sensor (36); The liquid level sensor (36) is located in the water storage tank (31), and the liquid level sensor (36) is electrically connected to the integrated control component (1).

7. The automatic irrigation system for high slope rainwater collection based on the Internet of Things according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The rainwater collection mechanism (4) includes a water guide trough (41) and a flow diversion device (42); The water guide trough (41) is communicated with the water storage tank (31) through a rainwater collection pipe (44); The flow diversion device (42) is fixedly connected to the rainwater collection pipe (44).

8. The automatic irrigation system for high slope rainwater collection based on the Internet of Things according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rainwater collection mechanism (4) further includes a rainwater purifier (43); The rainwater purifier (43) is fixedly connected to the rainwater collection pipe (44), and is located between the water storage tank (31) and the flow diversion device (42).

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