Knee reverse arch fixing device based on human body dynamics principle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical apparatus and instruments, and provides a knee reverse arch fixator under the human body dynamics principle, which comprises a thigh fixing sleeve arranged around the front part of a thigh of a patient; the shank fixing sleeve is used for being arranged around the rear portion of the shank of the patient, and the thigh fixing sleeve and the shank fixing sleeve are each of an arc-shaped semi-surrounding structure; the thigh fixing sleeve and the shank fixing sleeve are hinged together through the knee joint hinge; the knee joint hinge has an activity state enabling the thigh fixing sleeve and the shank fixing sleeve to bend and an extension state enabling the thigh fixing sleeve and the shank fixing sleeve to extend. The thigh fixing sleeve and the shank fixing sleeve are arranged on the quadriceps femoris muscle on the front portion of the thigh of the patient and the gastrocnemius muscle on the rear portion of the shank of the patient in a sleeving mode respectively, and ground return stress (knee joint rear stretching force shaft) generated when the patient bears loads on the single leg in the gait cycle is resisted. The front fork ligament (the front fork tension is large when the knee is excessively stretched) is effectively protected, and the knee is prevented from being excessively stretched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a knee hyperextension fixator based on the principle of human kinetics. Background Art

[0002] In clinical practice, some patients with sports injuries, such as those with anterior cruciate ligament rupture or knee hyperextension before and after meniscus injury, usually need to wear a lower knee hyperextension protection device to assist in rehabilitation.

[0003] Lower knee hyperextension protection devices are usually divided into short and long knee fixators. However, the short knee hyperextension orthosis is simple and lightweight, but it is prone to slipping and has unstable use. The long knee fixator is often used for patients with stroke and foot drop (poor muscle strength function), and it has good stability, but it is bulky. The current long knee fixator usually fixes the anterior side of the patient's thigh through Velcro. This structural setting lacks stability, thus unable to control the force of the quadriceps femoris, resulting in knee hyperextension when the patient stands on one leg and bears weight on the ground. Moreover, the long knee fixator locks the movement of the patient's foot joint, and the patient's foot cannot perform the swinging and forefoot pushing actions required for normal gait. Prolonged use will accelerate muscle strength loss and lead to leg muscle atrophy. Therefore, it is only suitable for patients with poor muscle strength.

[0004] Therefore, the above-mentioned technical deficiencies need to be changed urgently. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the above deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a knee hyperextension fixator based on the principle of human kinetics, aiming to protect the anterior cruciate ligament of the patient's lower limb, avoid knee hyperextension, and at the same time enable the patient's foot to swing freely, improving the lower limb rehabilitation experience of the patient.

[0006] One technical solution adopted by the present application to solve the technical problem is as follows: A knee hyperextension fixator based on the principle of human kinetics, which includes:

[0007] A thigh fixing sleeve, which is used to surround the front part of the patient's thigh;

[0008] A calf fixing sleeve, which is used to surround the back part of the patient's calf. Both the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are in an arc-shaped semi-surrounding structure;

[0009] And a knee joint hinge, through which the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are hinged together;

[0010] The knee joint hinge includes an active state in which the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are flexed, and an extended state in which the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are extended; in the extended state, the angle between the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve in the flexion direction ranges from 175° to 180°.

[0011] This embodiment is further configured that the knee joint hinge includes:

[0012] A hinge upper connecting rod, the hinge upper connecting rod is connected to the thigh fixing sleeve;

[0013] and a hinge lower connecting rod, the hinge lower connecting rod is connected to the calf fixing sleeve, and the hinge upper connecting rod is hinged to the hinge lower connecting rod;

[0014] When the knee joint hinge is in an extended state, the angle between the hinge upper link and the hinge lower link in the flexion direction ranges from 175° to 180°.

[0015] This embodiment is further configured such that the upper hinge link and the lower hinge link extend along the extension directions of the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve respectively, and the upper hinge link and the lower hinge link are both configured as metal material structures.

[0016] This embodiment is further configured such that both the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are provided with at least one first elastic fixing belt.

[0017] This embodiment is further configured such that the first elastic fixing belt is configured as an elastic Velcro structure.

[0018] This embodiment is further configured such that the calf fixing sleeve extends in the direction of the heel, a heel fixing sleeve is provided at one end of the calf fixing sleeve away from the thigh fixing sleeve, the heel fixing sleeve is used to fix the heel, a second elastic fixing belt is provided on the heel fixing sleeve, and the heel fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are integrally formed.

[0019] This embodiment is further configured such that a support plate is detachably connected to the heel fixing sleeve, and the support plate is used to support the sole of the foot.

[0020] This embodiment is further configured such that a snap-fitting protrusion is provided on the support plate, and a snap-fitting groove is provided on the heel fixing sleeve at a position corresponding to the snap-fitting protrusion, and the snap-fitting groove is used to snap-fit the snap-fitting protrusion so that the support plate is snap-fitted to the heel fixing sleeve.

[0021] The present embodiment is further configured such that both the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are configured as a polypropylene material structure.

[0022] This embodiment is further configured such that two knee joint hinges are provided between the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve, and the two knee joint hinges correspond to the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint respectively.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a knee recurvatum fixator based on the principle of human kinetics. In this solution, an arc-shaped semi-enclosing thigh fixing sleeve and a calf fixing sleeve are respectively sleeved on the quadriceps femoris in the front of the patient's thigh and the gastrocnemius muscle in the back of the calf to counteract the ground reaction force (the posterior extension force axis of the knee joint) generated during single-leg weight-bearing in the patient's gait cycle. It effectively protects the anterior cruciate ligament of the patient's lower limb (the anterior cruciate ligament has a large tension during excessive knee extension), avoids knee hyperextension, and at the same time enables the patient's foot to swing freely, improving the patient's experience of using the lower limb for rehabilitation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a knee recurvatum fixator based on the principle of human kinetics provided in this embodiment in the enclosed state;

[0026] Figure 2 FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a knee recurvatum fixator based on the principle of human kinetics provided in this embodiment and a support plate;

[0027] Figure 3 FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a knee recurvatum fixator based on the principle of human kinetics provided in this embodiment when connected to a support plate;

[0028] Figure 4 FIG. Figure 3 FIG. 23 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the mark A in FIG.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Thigh fixing sleeve; 11. First elastic fixing band; 2. Calf fixing sleeve; 21. Heel fixing sleeve; 22. Second elastic fixing band; 23. Clamping groove; 3. Knee joint hinge; 31. Upper hinge connecting rod; 32. Lower hinge connecting rod; 4. Support plate; 41. Clamping protrusion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the present application. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.

[0031] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are only used for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present utility model described above can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0034] The present utility model provides as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, a knee hyperextension fixator based on the principle of human kinetics is used to assist the rehabilitation of the lower knee of sports trauma patients, such as patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture or knee hyperextension before and after meniscus injury surgery, to prevent the lower knee of sports trauma patients from hyperextending. Its main structure includes: a thigh fixation sleeve 1, a calf fixation sleeve 2, and a knee joint hinge 3. The thigh fixation sleeve 1 is arranged around the front of the patient's thigh (quadriceps femoris), that is, 5-10 cm above the knee joint; the calf fixation sleeve 2 is arranged around the back of the patient's calf (gastrocnemius). Both the thigh fixation sleeve 1 and the calf fixation sleeve 2 are in an arc-shaped semi-surrounding structure. Preferably, the thigh fixation sleeve 1 is configured as a thin and rigid baffle, so that the quadriceps femoris can evenly bear the force of the thigh fixation sleeve 1. In addition, the calf fixation sleeve 2 is configured as a thin plastic baffle, which cooperates with the front thigh baffle to generate opposing forces between the gastrocnemius and the quadriceps femoris, thereby improving the knee joint stability during single-leg weight-bearing in the gait cycle, and through eccentric muscle contraction, cooperating with the mobility control effect of the buckle, to avoid the occurrence of knee joint hyperextension.

[0035] Among them, in the single-leg weight-bearing gait cycle, the thigh fixation sleeve 1 can block the excessive forward movement of the femur, and at the same time stimulate the eccentric contraction of the quadriceps femoris to stabilize the knee joint, thereby avoiding knee joint hyperextension caused by weak quadriceps femoris.

[0036] When in use, the thigh fixation sleeve 1 is put on the quadriceps femoris on the front of the patient's thigh, and the calf fixation sleeve 2 is put on the gastrocnemius on the back of the calf; the thigh fixation sleeve 1 and the calf fixation sleeve 2 are hinged together through the knee joint hinge 3; among them, the knee joint hinge 3 includes an active state that makes the thigh fixation sleeve 1 and the calf fixation sleeve 2 flex, and an extended state that makes the thigh fixation sleeve 1 and the calf fixation sleeve 2 extend; in the extended state, the included angle range between the thigh fixation sleeve 1 and the calf fixation sleeve 2 in the flexion direction is 175°-180° (as Figure 4 shown).

[0037] Since the thigh fixation sleeve 1 is arranged around the front of the patient's thigh (quadriceps femoris), that is, 5-10 cm above the knee joint; the calf fixation sleeve 2 is arranged around the back of the patient's calf (gastrocnemius). Therefore, within the normal flexion range of the lower knee, there will be no conflict between the thigh fixation sleeve 1 and the calf fixation sleeve 2. It does not affect the flexion activity of the knee joint, and the wearer can normally complete the squatting activity. Moreover, this solution removes the rear baffle of the old knee joint hyperextension brace, thus not affecting the flexion activities of the patient, such as climbing mountains, squatting, going up and down stairs.

[0038] It should be noted that the lower knee hyperextension protection device is usually divided into a short - type and a long - type knee joint fixator. However, the short - type knee joint hyperextension orthosis is simple and lightweight, but it is prone to slipping and has unstable use. The long - type knee joint fixator is often used for stroke patients with foot drop (poor muscle strength function). It has good stability, but it is bulky. The current long - type knee joint fixator usually fixes the front side of the patient's thigh through Velcro. This structural setting lacks stability, thus unable to control the force of the quadriceps femoris. As a result, when the patient bears weight on one leg while stepping on the ground, knee hyperextension will occur. Moreover, the long - type knee joint fixator locks the movement of the patient's foot joint, and the patient's foot cannot perform the swinging and the action of pushing the ground with the forefoot required for normal gait. Prolonged use will accelerate muscle strength loss and lead to leg muscle atrophy. Therefore, it is only suitable for patients with poor muscle strength.

[0039] In this solution, the arc - shaped semi - enclosed thigh fixing sleeve 1 and the calf fixing sleeve 2 are respectively sleeved on the quadriceps femoris in the front part of the patient's thigh and the gastrocnemius muscle in the rear part of the calf, to counteract the ground reaction force (the posterior knee extension force axis) generated during single - leg weight - bearing in the patient's gait cycle. It effectively protects the patient's anterior cruciate ligament of the lower limb (the anterior cruciate ligament has a large tension during excessive knee extension), and while avoiding knee hyperextension, it allows the patient's foot to swing freely, improving the patient's experience of using the lower limb for rehabilitation.

[0040] Furthermore, as Figure 1 shown, the knee joint hinge 3 includes a hinge upper connecting rod 31 and a hinge lower connecting rod 32. The hinge upper connecting rod 31 is connected to the thigh fixing sleeve 1; the hinge lower connecting rod 32 is connected to the calf fixing sleeve 2, and the hinge upper connecting rod 31 is hinged to the hinge lower connecting rod 32. Among them, when the knee joint hinge 3 is in the extended state, the included angle range between the hinge upper connecting rod 31 and the hinge lower connecting rod 32 in the flexion direction is 175° - 180°.

[0041] Furthermore, the hinge upper connecting rod 31 and the hinge lower connecting rod 32 respectively extend along the extension direction of the thigh fixing sleeve 1 and the calf fixing sleeve 2, and both the hinge upper connecting rod 31 and the hinge lower connecting rod 32 are configured as metal material structures.

[0042] Furthermore, at least one first elastic fixing band 11 is provided on both the thigh fixing sleeve 1 and the calf fixing sleeve 2.

[0043] Furthermore, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, the first elastic fixing band 11 is configured as an elastic Velcro structure.

[0044] Furthermore, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, the calf fixing sleeve 2 extends along the direction of the heel. One end of the calf fixing sleeve 2 away from the thigh fixing sleeve 1 is provided with a heel fixing sleeve 21. The heel fixing sleeve 21 is used to fix the heel. A second elastic fixing band 22 is arranged on the heel fixing sleeve 21. The heel fixing sleeve 21 and the calf fixing sleeve 2 are integrally formed.

[0045] Among them, the heel fixing sleeve 21 and the calf fixing sleeve 2 are integrally formed and are configured as a thin plastic baffle. The heel fixing sleeve 21 extends to the posterior foot of the patient (covering the heel but not exceeding the midfoot). Here, the baffle can cooperate with the anterior thigh baffle to generate counteracting forces of the gastrocnemius and quadriceps femoris, fix the ankle joint position to counteract the ground reaction force during the single-leg weight-bearing period, thereby improving the knee joint stability during weight-bearing. And through the eccentric contraction of the muscles, combined with the activity control effect of the buckle, the phenomenon of knee joint hyperextension is solved.

[0046] Furthermore, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, a support plate 4 is detachably connected to the heel fixing sleeve 21. The support plate 4 is used to support the sole of the foot. It should be noted that the heel fixing sleeve 21 does not extend to the midfoot, that is, the midfoot is not fixed and limited by the heel fixing sleeve 21. Therefore, it does not affect the wearer to complete the pushing-off and leaving-the-ground activities of the gait cycle. The situation of muscle disuse atrophy is reduced.

[0047] If the wearing patient is a foot drop patient, such as a cerebral palsy or hemiplegia patient, the support plate 4 can be used to prevent the patient's sole of the foot from drooping.

[0048] Furthermore, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, a clamping convex block 41 is arranged on the support plate 4. A clamping groove 23 is opened at the position corresponding to the clamping convex block 41 on the heel fixing sleeve 21. The clamping groove 23 is used to clamp the clamping convex block 41 so that the support plate 4 is clamped on the heel fixing sleeve 21.

[0049] Furthermore, both the thigh fixing sleeve 1 and the calf fixing sleeve 2 are configured as polypropylene material structures.

[0050] Polypropylene is a lightweight plastic with a relatively low density. It has excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and can resist the erosion of chemicals within a certain range. In addition, polypropylene also has good insulation performance and hygroscopicity. It can be made into products of various shapes and sizes through various processing methods such as blow molding, injection molding, and extrusion. The cost is relatively low and the production efficiency is high.

[0051] Furthermore, two knee joint hinges 3 are arranged between the thigh fixing sleeve 1 and the calf fixing sleeve 2. The two knee joint hinges 3 respectively correspond to the medial and lateral sides of the knee joint.

[0052] In summary, the present application provides a knee recurvatum fixator based on the principle of human kinetics. In this solution, the arc-shaped semi-surrounding thigh fixing sleeve 1 and calf fixing sleeve 2 are respectively sleeved on the quadriceps femoris in the front of the patient's thigh and the gastrocnemius muscle in the back of the calf to counteract the ground reaction force (the knee joint extension force axis) generated during single-leg weight-bearing in the patient's gait cycle. It effectively protects the patient's anterior cruciate ligament of the lower limb (the anterior cruciate ligament has a large tension during excessive knee extension), and while avoiding knee hyperextension, it allows the patient's foot to swing freely, improving the patient's experience of using the lower limb during rehabilitation.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or variations derived therefrom still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A knee varus fixator based on the principle of human kinetics, characterized in that, Comprising: A thigh fixing sleeve, which is used to be arranged around the front part of the patient's thigh; A calf fixing sleeve, which is used to be arranged around the rear part of the patient's calf. Both the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are in an arc semi-enclosing structure; And a knee joint hinge, through which the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are hinged together; Wherein, the knee joint hinge includes an active state in which the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are flexed, and an extended state in which the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are extended; In the extended state, the included angle range between the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve in the flexion direction is 175° - 180°.

2. The knee hyperextension fixator according to the principle of human kinetics described in claim 1, characterized in that, The knee joint hinge includes; An upper hinge connecting rod, which is connected to the thigh fixing sleeve; And a lower hinge connecting rod, which is connected to the calf fixing sleeve. The upper hinge connecting rod and the lower hinge connecting rod are hinged; Wherein, when the knee joint hinge is in the extended state, the included angle range between the upper hinge connecting rod and the lower hinge connecting rod in the flexion direction is 175° - 180°.

3. The knee varus fixator according to the principle of human kinetics described in claim 2, characterized in that The upper hinge connecting rod and the lower hinge connecting rod extend along the extending directions of the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve respectively, and both the upper hinge connecting rod and the lower hinge connecting rod are configured as metal material structures.

4. A knee hyperextension fixator based on the principle of human kinetics according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one first elastic fixing band is arranged on both the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve.

5. The knee hyperextension fixator according to claim 4 under the principle of human kinetics, characterized in that, The first elastic fixing band is configured as an elastic magic tape structure.

6. The knee hyperextension fixator according to the principle of human kinetics described in claim 1, characterized in that The calf fixing sleeve extends along the direction of the heel. One end of the calf fixing sleeve away from the thigh fixing sleeve is provided with a heel fixing sleeve, which is used to fix the heel. A second elastic fixing band is arranged on the heel fixing sleeve, and the heel fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are integrally formed.

7. The knee hyperextension fixator according to claim 6 under the principle of human kinetics, characterized in that, A support plate is detachably connected to the heel fixing sleeve, and the support plate is used to support the sole of the foot.

8. A knee hyperextension fixator based on the principle of human kinetics according to claim 7, characterized in that, A clamping convex block is arranged on the support plate, and a clamping groove corresponding to the clamping convex block is formed on the heel fixing sleeve. The clamping groove is used to clamp the clamping convex block so that the support plate is clamped on the heel fixing sleeve.

9. The knee hyperextension fixator according to the principle of human kinetics described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve are configured as polypropylene material structures.

10. The knee hyperextension fixator according to the principle of human kinetics described in claim 1, characterized in that, Two knee joint hinges are arranged between the thigh fixing sleeve and the calf fixing sleeve, and the two knee joint hinges respectively correspond to the inner side and the outer side of the knee joint.

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