Fatigue tensile test equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of fatigue testing, in particular to fatigue tensile testing equipment which comprises a machine body and a testing mechanism, and the testing mechanism comprises a laminate, two tensile assemblies and a plurality of jigs; the laminate is connected with the machine body; the stretching assembly comprises a mounting plate, a driving part and a plurality of connecting parts, the mounting plate is slidably connected to the layer plate, the driving part is mounted on the layer plate, the driving part is connected with the mounting plate, and the driving part is used for driving the mounting plate to be away from or close to the jig; the plurality of connecting pieces are arranged on the mounting plate at intervals along a first straight line; the two stretching assemblies are arranged on the two sides of a second straight line. Each jig is used for placing a product to be tested; the jigs are arranged in the interval between the two stretching assemblies, so that the connecting pieces of the two stretching assemblies can stretch the to-be-tested product on each jig in the opposite directions. The utility model has the advantage of high test efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of fatigue testing, in particular to a fatigue tensile testing device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, general tensile testing devices are applied in laboratories. The tensile testing device is provided with a testing station to test a single experimental product. After the experimental product meets the design requirements, it is put into production.

[0003] However, for manufacturers with large-scale production, it is necessary to conduct sampling inspection on the products to be shipped out, and the number of samples taken each time is at least more than three. The above-mentioned tensile testing device can only test one at a time, resulting in low testing efficiency and long testing time. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] An embodiment of the utility model provides a fatigue tensile testing device to solve the problem of low testing efficiency of the existing tensile testing device.

[0005] An embodiment of the utility model provides a fatigue tensile testing device, including a machine body and a testing mechanism. The testing mechanism includes a layer board, two tensile components and a plurality of fixtures; the layer board is connected to the machine body;

[0006] The tensile component includes a mounting plate, a driving member and a plurality of connecting members. The mounting plate is slidably connected to the layer board. The driving member is installed on the layer board. The driving member is connected to the mounting plate. The driving member is used to drive the mounting plate to move away from or close to the fixture. The plurality of connecting members are arranged at intervals along a first straight line on the mounting plate;

[0007] The two tensile components are arranged on both sides of a second straight line;

[0008] Each fixture is used to place a product to be tested; the fixture is arranged in the interval between the two tensile components, so that the connecting members of the two tensile components can stretch the product to be tested on each fixture in opposite directions.

[0009] Optionally, the two tensile components are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second straight line.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of the testing mechanisms are provided, and the plurality of testing mechanisms are arranged at intervals along a third straight line, and the third straight line is perpendicular to the first straight line.

[0011] Optionally, a window is provided on the side wall of the machine body;

[0012] The testing mechanism further includes a pulling component, which includes a plurality of drawer tracks. Two of the drawer tracks are provided on each of the laminates, and the laminates are slidably connected to the body through the drawer tracks; the laminates can enter and exit the body from the window through the drawer tracks.

[0013] Optionally, the fixture includes a bottom plate, a base, and a pressing ring. The bottom plate is fixed on the laminate, and the base is installed on the bottom plate;

[0014] A downwardly concave groove is provided on the top surface of the base. Two openings are provided on the side wall of the groove. Both of the two openings communicate with the groove. The two openings are provided on opposite sides of the side wall of the groove. Each of the openings allows the connecting member in one of the stretching components to pass through so that the connecting member can extend into the groove. The pressing ring is detachably connected to the base, and the pressing ring can closely adhere to the side wall of the groove. The pressing ring and the groove sandwich the outer edge of the product to be tested.

[0015] Optionally, the connecting member includes a pull rod, a seat body, a connecting bolt, and a clamping member. One end of the pull rod is fixed on the mounting plate, and the other end of the pull rod extends into the groove from one of the openings. The seat body is arranged in the groove, the seat body is connected to the pull rod, the clamping member is placed on the top surface of the seat body, the clamping member is connected to the seat body, and the seat body and the clamping member fix the inner edge of the product to be tested.

[0016] Optionally, the fixture further includes a pin seat and a pin rod. The pin seat is fixed on the bottom plate, the pin seat is arranged below the pull rod, a pin hole is provided on the pin seat, at least one insertion hole is provided on the pull rod, and the pin rod can pass through the insertion hole and be inserted into the pin hole.

[0017] Optionally, the fixture includes a magnet and a magnetic attracting member. The magnetic attracting member and the magnet attract each other. One of the magnetic attracting member and the magnet is arranged on the base, and the other of the magnetic attracting member and the magnet is arranged on the pressing ring.

[0018] Optionally, the stretching component further includes a first wedge-shaped seat and a second wedge-shaped seat arranged on the laminate. The first wedge-shaped seat has a first inclined surface, and the second wedge-shaped seat has a second inclined surface. The first inclined surface is parallel to the second inclined surface; the first inclined surface has a non-zero included angle with the top surface of the laminate, and the side of the first inclined surface away from the top surface of the laminate faces the fixture;

[0019] The driving member is arranged on the first wedge-shaped seat, and the laminate is slidably connected to the second wedge-shaped seat.

[0020] Optionally, the stretching component further includes a sliding part, the sliding part includes a slide rail and a slider, the slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, the slide rail is fixed on the second wedge-shaped seat, the connecting piece is connected to the slider, there are two sliding parts, and the two sliding parts are arranged at intervals on the surface of the mounting plate close to the laminate.

[0021] Beneficial effects: When the driving parts of the two stretching components are started simultaneously, the mounting plates of the two stretching components move away from each other, and the product to be tested on the fixture is respectively stretched by the connecting pieces of the two stretching components. When the mounting plates of the two stretching components move closer to each other, the connecting rod on the product to be tested no longer stretches the product to be tested, and the fatigue test is completed by stretching repeatedly for many times. Since there are multiple connecting pieces and multiple fixtures, the two sets of stretching components can simultaneously test the products to be tested on multiple fixtures, and the test efficiency is high. Description of the Drawings

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a fatigue stretching test device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a layout structure schematic diagram of a stretching component of a fatigue stretching test device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a bottom view schematic diagram of a laminate of a fatigue stretching test device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a cooperation schematic diagram of a fixture and two sets of stretching components of a fatigue stretching test device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is an exploded schematic diagram of a fixture of a fatigue stretching test device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of a clamping part of a fatigue stretching test device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a product to be tested in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Description of the Drawings: 100. Product to be tested;

[0031] 1. Body; 11. Window; 2. Laminate; 3. Drawer track; 4. Fixture; 41. Bottom plate; 42. Base; 43. Pressure ring; 44. Guide rail; 45. Guide rail seat; 46. Guide block; 47. Pin seat; 471. Pin hole; 48. Pin rod; 5. Tensile assembly; 51. Motor; 52. Lead screw nut; 53. Mounting plate; 54. First wedge seat; 55. Second wedge seat; 56. Tie rod; 561. Insertion hole; 57. Seat body; 571. Convex ring; 58. Connecting bolt; 59. Clamping piece; 591. First claw; 592. Second claw; 593. Third claw; 594. Card slot; 6. Sliding part; 61. Slide rail; 62. Slide block; 71. Magnet; 72. Magnetic attraction part. Detailed implementation mode

[0032] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present utility model more clear and understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0033] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "radial", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0034] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0035] The present utility model discloses a fatigue tensile test device, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2, including a body 1 and a testing mechanism. The testing mechanism includes a laminate 2, two stretching components 5, and multiple fixtures 4; the laminate 2 is connected to the body 1. The stretching component 5 includes a mounting plate 53, a driving member, and multiple connecting members. The mounting plate 53 is slidably connected to the laminate 2. The driving member is adapted to be mounted on the laminate 2. The driving member is connected to the mounting plate 53. The driving member is used to drive the mounting plate 53 away from or close to the fixture 4. The multiple connecting members are arranged on the mounting plate 53 at intervals along a first straight line;

[0036] There are two sets of stretching components 5, and the two sets of stretching components 5 are arranged on both sides of a second straight line. In this embodiment, the two stretching components are symmetric and spaced apart with respect to the second straight line; the first straight line is parallel to the second straight line. Each fixture 4 is used for placing a product 100 to be tested; the fixture 4 is arranged in the space between the two sets of stretching components 5, so that the product 100 to be tested on each fixture 4 is stretched by the connecting members of the two sets of stretching components 5 from two opposite directions.

[0037] In this embodiment, in each stretching component 5, the multiple connecting members are fixed on the same mounting plate 53. The driving member drives the mounting plate 53 to move, and then drives the multiple connecting members on the mounting plate 53 to reciprocate simultaneously. The two sets of stretching components 5 are arranged oppositely, and the connecting members in the two sets of stretching components 5 are also arranged oppositely. Also, because the product 100 to be tested on the fixture 4 is stretched by the connecting members in the two sets of stretching components 5. When the driving members of the two stretching components 5 are started simultaneously, the mounting plates 53 of the two stretching components 5 move away from each other, and the product 100 to be tested on the fixture 4 is stretched by the connecting members of the two stretching components 5 respectively. When the mounting plates 53 of the two stretching components 5 move closer to each other, the connecting rod on the product 100 to be tested no longer stretches the product 100 to be tested. After repeated stretching for many times, the fatigue test is completed.

[0038] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , in this embodiment, there are multiple testing mechanisms, and the multiple testing mechanisms are arranged along a third straight line. In this embodiment, the third straight line is perpendicular to the first straight line, and the third straight line is the up-down direction of the body. Moreover, further, a window 11 is provided on the side wall of the body 1; the testing mechanism further includes a pulling component. The pulling component includes multiple drawer tracks 3. Two drawer tracks 3 are provided on each laminate 2. The laminate 2 is slidably connected to the body 1 through the drawer tracks 3; the drawer tracks 3 can drive the laminate 2 to enter and exit the body 1 from the window 11.

[0039] For each testing mechanism, the laminate 2 is pulled out of the body 1, and then the product 100 to be tested is placed on the fixture 4 on the surface of the laminate 2. After the product 100 to be tested is placed, the laminate 2 is pushed back into the body 1, and the stretching test is started. In this embodiment, 5 fixtures 4 are provided on each laminate 2, and two laminates 2 are provided on the body 1. In this way, ten products 100 to be tested can be tested simultaneously.

[0040] Reference Figure 7 In this embodiment, the product 100 to be measured is the curtain cloth in an AR glasses or VR glasses. The structure of the curtain cloth is as shown in the figure. The curtain cloth is generally in an elliptical sheet shape. There are two through holes inside the curtain cloth, which are used to install lenses. The outer edge of the curtain cloth is used to be fixed on the frame of the glasses, and the curtain cloth has elasticity.

[0041] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Therefore, the fixture 4 in this embodiment is specifically used for placing the curtain cloth. The fixture 4 includes a bottom plate 41, a base 42 and a pressing ring 43. The bottom plate 41 is fixed on the laminate 2, and the base 42 is installed on the bottom plate 41. A downwardly concave groove is provided on the top surface of the base 42. There are two openings on the side wall of the groove. Both openings communicate with the groove. The two openings are arranged on opposite sides of the groove, and the two openings are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second straight line. One of the openings and one of the stretching components are located on one side of the second straight line, and the other opening and the other stretching component are located on the other side of the second straight line. The connecting members in the two sets of symmetrically arranged stretching components respectively pass through the openings on the same side as them, so that the connecting members can extend into the groove. The edge formed by the side wall of the groove is a closed ring. The pressing ring 43 is detachably connected to the base 42. The pressing ring 43 can closely adhere to the side wall of the groove. The pressing ring 43 and the groove sandwich the outer edge of the product 100 to be measured.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 As an example, the fixture 4 includes a magnet 71 and a magnetic attracting member 72. The magnetic attracting member 72 and the magnet 71 are magnetically connected. One of the magnetic attracting member 72 and the magnet 71 is arranged on the base 42, and the other of the magnetic attracting member 72 and the magnet 71 is arranged on the pressing ring 43. In this embodiment, the magnetic attracting member 72 is a magnet or an iron part. A first blind hole is provided on the pressing ring 43, and a second blind hole is provided on the base 42. The magnet 71 is arranged in the first blind hole, and the magnetic attracting member 72 is arranged in the second blind hole. When the pressing ring 43 and the base 42 are attached, the magnet 71 and the magnetic attracting member 72 attract each other, and the outer edge of the product 100 to be measured is clamped and pressed by the magnet 71 and the magnetic attracting member 72.

[0043] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As an example, the connecting member includes a pull rod 56, a seat body 57, a connecting bolt 58 and a clamping member 59. One end of the pull rod 56 is fixed on the mounting plate 53, and the other end of the pull rod 56 extends into the groove from the opening. The seat body 57 is arranged in the groove. The seat body 57 is connected to the pull rod 56. The clamping member 59 is placed on the top surface of the seat body 57. The clamping member 59 is connected to the seat body 57 through the connecting bolt 58. The seat body 57 and the clamping member 59 fix the inner edge of the product 100 to be measured.

[0044] In this embodiment, the clamping member 59 includes a first claw 591, a second claw 592, and a third claw 593. One end of the first claw 591, one end of the second claw 592, and one end of the third claw 593 meet at a point and are connected to each other. At this time, the connecting bolt 58 passes through the meeting point of the three and is threadedly connected to the seat body 57; the other ends of the first claw 591, the second claw 592, and the third claw 593 extend in a direction away from the meeting point of the first claw 591, the second claw 592, and the third claw 593. After the outer edge of the product 100 to be tested is pressed by the base 42 and the pressure ring 43, the inner edge of the product 100 to be tested is fixed between the clamping member 59 and the seat body 57. The end of the first claw 591 away from the meeting point, the end of the second claw 592 away from the meeting point, and the end of the third claw 593 away from the meeting point respectively press the inner edge of the product 100 to be tested, so that both the inner and outer edges of the product 100 to be tested are pressed, and then the subsequent tensile test can be started.

[0045] Referring to Figure 6 , more specifically, in this embodiment, a convex ring 571 protruding from the top surface is provided on the top surface of the seat body 57. The convex ring 571 and the top surface of the seat body 57 form a concave cavity with an upward opening. A threaded hole is provided on the bottom wall of the concave cavity, and the connecting bolt 58 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. Card slots 594 are respectively provided on the first claw 591, the second claw 592, and the third claw 593. The card slots 594 are arranged facing the convex ring 571, and the convex ring 571 can be inserted into the card slots 594 to increase the contact area and connection strength between the clamping member 59 and the product 100 to be tested.

[0046] As an example, the stretching assembly 5 further includes a first wedge-shaped seat 54 and a second wedge-shaped seat 55 provided on the laminate 2. The first wedge-shaped seat 54 has a first inclined surface, the second wedge-shaped seat 55 has a second inclined surface, and the first inclined surface is parallel to the second inclined surface; there is a non-zero angle between the first inclined surface and the top surface of the laminate 2, and the side of the first inclined surface away from the top surface of the laminate 2 faces the fixture 4. The driving member is provided on the first wedge-shaped seat 54, and the laminate 2 is slidably connected to the second wedge-shaped seat 55.

[0047] In this embodiment, there is a non-zero angle between the length direction of the pull rod 56 and the upper surface of the laminate 2, so that the pull rod 56 pulls the product 100 to be tested obliquely upward. The existence of the first wedge-shaped seat 54 and the second wedge-shaped seat 55 is to make the pull rod 56 have an obliquely upward movement trajectory.

[0048] Referring to Figure 2, as an example, the driving member includes a motor 51 and a ball screw 52. The motor 51 is installed on the first wedge-shaped seat 54, and the ball screw 52 is installed on the first wedge-shaped seat 54. The output shaft of the motor 51 is coaxially connected to the screw rod in the ball screw 52, and the mounting plate 53 is connected to the nut of the ball screw 52. In this embodiment, the reciprocating motion of the mounting plate 53 is realized by the motor 51 and the ball screw. The ball screw is a common displacement device in the mechanical field and will not be elaborated.

[0049] As an example, the stretching assembly 5 further includes a sliding part. The sliding part includes a slide rail 61 and a slider 62. The slider 62 is slidably connected to the slide rail 61. The slide rail 61 is fixed on the second wedge-shaped seat 55. The connecting member is connected to the slider 62. There are two sliding parts, and the two sliding parts are arranged at intervals on the surface of the mounting plate 53 close to the laminate 2. The presence of the slide rail 61 and the slider 62 can, on the one hand, limit the movement trajectory of the pull rod 56, and on the other hand, also enable the pull rod 56 and the first wedge-shaped seat 54 to move more smoothly.

[0050] In this embodiment, since the pull rod 56 slides through the sliding part, when the motor 51 is not started and the mounting plate 53 is not placed at the bottom of the slide rail 61, the mounting plate 53 may slide downward under its own weight, and the position of the pull rod 56 will slide downward with the mounting plate 53. Therefore, the fixture 4 further includes a pin seat 47 and a pin rod 48. The pin seat 47 is fixed on the bottom plate 41. The pin seat 47 is arranged below the pull rod 56. A pin hole 471 is provided on the pin seat 47, and at least one insertion hole 561 is provided on the pull rod 56. The pin rod 48 can pass through the insertion hole 561 and be inserted into the pin hole 471.

[0051] The pin seat 47 and the pin rod 48 in this embodiment can temporarily limit the relative position of the pull rod 56, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the phenomenon that the pull rod 56 slides downward when personnel install the product 100 to be tested. In this embodiment, three insertion holes 561 are provided on the pull rod 56, and the staff can insert them into the appropriate insertion holes 561 according to actual needs.

[0052] In this embodiment, the fixture 4 assembly further includes a guide block 46, a guide rail 44 and a guide rail seat 45 that are all arranged in the groove. The guide rail seat 45 is fixed on the bottom plate 41. The guide rail seat 45 has a third inclined surface, and the third inclined surface is parallel to the first inclined surface. The guide rail 44 and the guide block 46 are slidably connected. The guide rail 44 is fixed on the third inclined surface of the guide rail seat 45, and the guide block 46 is fixed on the pull rod 56. The displacement trajectory of the pull rod 56 is restricted by the guide rail 44 and the guide block 46.

[0053] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fatigue tensile testing device, characterized in that, It includes a machine body and a testing mechanism. The testing mechanism includes a laminate, two stretching components, and multiple fixtures; the laminate is connected to the machine body; The stretching component includes a mounting plate, a driving member, and multiple connecting members. The mounting plate is slidably connected to the laminate. The driving member is installed on the laminate. The driving member is connected to the mounting plate. The driving member is used to drive the mounting plate away from or close to the fixture. Multiple connecting members are arranged on the mounting plate at intervals along a first straight line; The two stretching components are arranged on both sides of a second straight line; Each fixture is used to place a product to be tested; the fixture is arranged in the interval between the two stretching components, so that the connecting members of the two stretching components can stretch the product to be tested on each fixture in opposite directions.

2. The fatigue tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two stretching components are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second straight line.

3. The fatigue tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple testing mechanisms. The multiple testing mechanisms are arranged at intervals along a third straight line, and the third straight line is perpendicular to the first straight line.

4. A fatigue tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A window is provided on the side wall of the machine body; The testing mechanism further includes a pulling component. The pulling component includes multiple drawer tracks. Two drawer tracks are provided on each laminate. The laminate is slidably connected to the machine body through the drawer tracks; the laminate can enter and exit the machine body through the window through the drawer tracks.

5. The fatigue tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixture includes a bottom plate, a base, and a pressing ring. The bottom plate is fixed on the laminate, and the base is installed on the bottom plate; A downwardly concave groove is provided on the top surface of the base. Two openings are provided on the side wall of the groove. Both openings communicate with the groove. The two openings are provided on opposite sides of the side wall of the groove. Each opening allows a connecting member in one of the stretching components to pass through so that the connecting member can extend into the groove. The pressing ring is detachably connected to the base. The pressing ring can closely adhere to the side wall of the groove. The pressing ring and the groove sandwich the outer edge of the product to be tested.

6. The fatigue tensile testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting member includes a pull rod, a seat body, a connecting bolt, and a clamping member. One end of the pull rod is fixed on the mounting plate. The other end of the pull rod extends into the groove through one of the openings. The seat body is arranged in the groove. The seat body is connected to the pull rod. The clamping member is placed on the top surface of the seat body. The clamping member is connected to the seat body. The seat body and the clamping member fix the inner edge of the product to be tested.

7. The fatigue tensile testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixture further includes a pin seat and a pin rod. The pin seat is fixed on the bottom plate. The pin seat is arranged below the pull rod. A pin hole is provided on the pin seat. At least one insertion hole is provided on the pull rod. The pin rod can pass through the insertion hole and be inserted into the pin hole.

8. The fatigue tensile testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixture includes a magnet and a magnetic attracting member. The magnetic attracting member and the magnet attract each other. One of the magnetic attracting member and the magnet is provided on the base, and the other of the magnetic attracting member and the magnet is provided on the pressing ring.

9. The fatigue tensile testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stretching assembly further includes a first wedge seat and a second wedge seat disposed on the laminate. The first wedge seat has a first inclined surface, the second wedge seat has a second inclined surface, and the first inclined surface is parallel to the second inclined surface. The first inclined surface has a non-zero angle with the top surface of the laminate, and the side of the first inclined surface away from the top surface of the laminate faces the jig. The driving member is disposed on the first wedge seat, and the laminate is slidably connected to the second wedge seat.

10. A fatigue tensile test device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The stretching assembly further includes a sliding portion. The sliding portion includes a slide rail and a slider. The slider is slidably connected to the slide rail. The slide rail is fixed on the second wedge seat. The connecting member is connected to the slider. There are two sliding portions, and the two sliding portions are spaced apart on the surface of the mounting plate close to the laminate.

Images