Intermittent water inrush and mud inrush filling structure outburst prevention body reconstruction simulation test device

Abstract

The utility model provides an intermittent water inrush and mud inrush filling structure outburst prevention body reconstruction simulation test device, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel disaster research test devices. The device comprises a water supply unit, a filling medium storage box, a tunnel simulation unit, a water collection unit and a measurement unit, wherein the water supply unit is used for storing water required by multiple tests and discharging water with set pressure; the filling medium storage box is communicated with the water supply unit and is used for filling an experimental medium to simulate silt in a tunnel mud burst process; the filling medium storage box is communicated with the tunnel simulation unit; the water collecting unit is provided with a water collecting tank and weight display equipment arranged at the bottom of the water collecting tank, the water collecting tank is used for collecting water flowing out through the channel, and the weight display equipment is used for weighing the water in the water collecting tank; the measuring unit comprises a soil pressure testing box and an osmometer; the experimental device is used for solving the technical problems that an existing experimental device cannot simulate the intermittent water inrush and mud inrush disaster state of a tunnel and is inconvenient to research the reconstruction process of an outburst prevention body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel disaster research test devices, and particularly relates to an intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure anti-inrush body reconstruction simulation test device. Background Technique

[0002] During the tunnel construction process, encountering unfavorable geological conditions such as faults, karsts, and folds is extremely likely to induce geological disasters such as water and mud inrush, collapse, and large deformation, seriously threatening the lives and property safety of construction personnel and the project progress. Intermittent water and mud inrush is a form of geological disaster in which water and mud inrush occur twice or even multiple times in the same disaster-causing structure. Therefore, it has extremely strong disaster-causing properties and characteristics such as suddenness, concealment, and intermittence. During construction, serious casualties and economic losses are often caused due to the neglect of the recurrence of water and mud inrush. Studying its disaster-causing mechanism and prevention and control technologies has important theoretical significance and application value for the safe construction of tunnel projects.

[0003] Since the formation, evolution, and instability process of the anti-inrush body of the filling structure during the intermittent water and mud inrush process involve the processes of hydraulics, soil mechanics, sediment dynamics, and the coupling of water and soil mechanics, the mechanism is extremely complex and belongs to a highly nonlinear problem. It is difficult to theoretically describe the entire process of its disaster-causing. Due to the use of many ideal assumptions in numerical simulation, there are also certain limitations in studying the problem of intermittent water and mud inrush. After water and mud inrush occurs during the construction of karst tunnels, there is a risk of recurrence of water and mud inrush, seriously threatening the personal safety of on-site test personnel. Therefore, strict control measures are often taken at the tunnel disaster site, making it difficult to effectively carry out the collection of relevant data and on-site tests. Indoor tests are an important means to study intermittent water and mud inrush, obtaining the variation laws of multiple physical quantities and the information of critical inrush characteristics during the formation, evolution, and instability process of the anti-inrush body of the filling structure, simulating the disaster-causing effects of secondary water and mud inrush, and then revealing the mechanism of the instability of the anti-inrush body of the filling structure inducing intermittent water and mud inrush.

[0004] At present, there are many test devices and methods for studying single water and mud inrush, while there are fewer test devices and methods for studying the mechanism of intermittent water and mud inrush in tunnels, especially the research on the accumulation and reconstruction process of the anti-inrush body of the filling structure is still rare.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved technical solution for the above-mentioned deficiencies of the existing technology. Content of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure anti-inrush body reconstruction simulation test device to solve the technical problems that the existing experimental device cannot simulate the disaster state of intermittent water and mud inrush in tunnels and is not convenient for studying the reconstruction process of the anti-inrush body.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure anti-inrush body reconstruction simulation test device of the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure anti-inrush body reconstruction simulation test device, comprising:

[0009] A water supply unit, the water supply unit having a water storage bucket and a disaster source simulation bucket, the water storage bucket being used for storing water required for multiple tests, the disaster source simulation bucket being connected to the water storage bucket, the water storage bucket being used for supplying water to the disaster source simulation bucket, the disaster source simulation bucket being used for flowing out water with a set pressure, and a pressure stabilizing pump being arranged between the water storage bucket and the disaster source simulation bucket for ensuring that the water flowing out of the disaster source simulation bucket has a constant pressure;

[0010] A filling medium storage box, the filling medium storage box being connected to the disaster source simulation bucket, the interior of the filling medium storage box being used for filling an experimental medium to simulate the sediment in the process of tunnel water and mud inrush, and a connecting valve body being arranged between the disaster source simulation bucket and the filling medium storage box for controlling the on-off of the connection between the disaster source simulation bucket and the filling medium storage box so as to enable the disaster source simulation bucket to provide an intermittent water inrush water source for the filling medium storage box;

[0011] A tunnel simulation unit, the tunnel simulation unit having a channel with a cross-section similar to that of a tunnel, the channel being connected to the filling medium storage box;

[0012] A water collection unit, the water collection unit having a water collection tank and a weight display device arranged at the bottom of the water collection tank, the water collection tank being arranged at one end of the tunnel simulation unit away from the filling medium storage box for collecting the water and sediment flowing out through the channel, and the weight display device being used for weighing the weight of the water and sediment in the water collection tank;

[0013] A measurement unit, the measurement unit comprising an earth pressure test box and a piezometer, the earth pressure test box and the piezometer being buried in the experimental medium for monitoring the earth pressure and seepage pressure in the experimental medium during the experiment.

[0014] As a further optimized technical solution, the disaster source simulation bucket is provided with a pressure display component for displaying the water pressure change in the disaster source simulation bucket.

[0015] As a further optimized technical solution, a partition board is movably arranged in the filling medium storage box, a plurality of perforations for water flow to pass through are arranged on the partition board, and the partition board is used for setting the filling thickness of the experimental medium.

[0016] As a further optimized technical solution, displacement adjustment structures are arranged on two opposite side walls of the filling medium storage box in the water flow direction for adjusting the position of the partition board in the filling medium storage box.

[0017] As a further optimized technical solution, the displacement adjustment structure is a plurality of card slots opened on at least one side wall, and the width of the card slots is adapted to the thickness of the partition board.

[0018] As a further optimized technical solution, a sliding baffle is slidably arranged at the position where the filling medium storage tank communicates with the tunnel simulation unit, and by changing the position of the sliding baffle, the water inrush and sediment gushing outlets of different sizes into the channel can be simulated.

[0019] As a further optimized technical solution, the pressure display component is a pressure gauge.

[0020] As a further optimized technical solution, the filling medium storage tank and the tunnel simulation unit are made of transparent materials, and a digital camera is arranged on one side of the filling medium storage tank and the tunnel simulation unit for photographing and monitoring the displacement change of the experimental medium during the experiment.

[0021] As a further optimized technical solution, the earth pressure test box, the piezometer and the weight display device are simultaneously connected with a data acquisition device for collecting the corresponding parameters of the earth pressure test box, the piezometer and the weight display device during the experiment.

[0022] As a further optimized technical solution, the intermittent water inrush and mud outburst filling structure anti-outburst body reconstruction simulation test device further includes a support frame body, and the disaster source simulation barrel, the filling medium storage tank and the tunnel simulation unit are all arranged on the support frame body.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The utility model uses a water supply unit to provide water with a constant set pressure for the experimental device, and can intermittently provide the set water pressure to simulate the intermittent water inrush situation. By filling the experimental medium in the filling medium storage tank to simulate the sediment in the process of tunnel water inrush and mud outburst, the tunnel simulation unit is arranged on one side of the filling medium storage tank to simulate the influence process of the disaster on the tunnel, and the water collecting unit is used to measure the weight of the muddy water mixture gushing out of the tunnel in real time. At the same time, the relevant parameter changes during the experiment are monitored through the measuring unit; the device can truly reproduce the accumulation reconstruction and the process of re-instability and water inrush of the anti-outburst body of the filling structure during the intermittent water inrush and mud outburst process of the tunnel, so as to facilitate the technical personnel to study the intermittent water inrush and mud outburst disasters of the tunnel, and can provide reference for the research on the disaster mechanism and prevention and control technology of the intermittent water inrush and mud outburst of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The specification drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The schematic embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation to the utility model. Among them:

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working state of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the working state of the overall structure of another perspective of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 Top view schematic diagram of a partial structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium storage box of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the medium storage box of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0030] In the figure: 1, water storage bucket; 2, disaster source simulation bucket; 3, pressure stabilizing pump; 4, filling medium storage box; 5, experimental medium; 6, channel; 7, water collecting tank; 8, weight display device; 9, earth pressure test box; 10, osmometer; 11, pressure display component; 12, partition board; 13, perforation; 14, card slot; 15, connecting valve body; 16, digital camera; 17, data acquisition device; 18, support frame body; 19, data analysis display device; 20, sliding card slot; 21, sliding baffle. Specific embodiments

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0032] In the description of the present utility model, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model rather than requiring the present utility model to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. The terms "connected" and "connection" used in the present utility model should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate component. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other.

[0034] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, the present utility model provides an intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure anti-inrush body reconstruction simulation test device, which includes a water supply unit, a filling medium storage tank 4, a tunnel simulation unit, a water collection unit and a measurement unit.

[0035] Specifically, the water supply unit has a water storage bucket 1 and a disaster source simulation bucket 2. The water storage bucket 1 is used to store water required for multiple tests. The disaster source simulation bucket 2 is connected to the water storage bucket 1 through a pipeline and is used to supply water to the disaster source simulation bucket 2. The disaster source simulation bucket 2 is used to flow out water with a set pressure to simulate the high-pressure water disaster source situation in the tunnel. A pressure stabilizing pump 3 is arranged between the water storage bucket 1 and the disaster source simulation bucket 2 to ensure that the water flowing out of the disaster source simulation bucket 2 has a constant pressure.

[0036] The left side of the filling medium storage tank 4 is connected to the disaster source simulation bucket 2. The inside of the filling medium storage tank 4 is used to fill the experimental medium 5 to simulate the sediment in the process of water and mud inrush in the tunnel. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the observation of the gushing situation of the experimental medium 5, a small amount of evenly distributed black quartz sand with uniform particles is uniformly mixed in the experimental medium 5 as the marking particles for reconstructing the filling structure anti-inrush body. During the experiment, when the experimental medium 5 is flushed out of the filling medium storage tank 4, an anti-inrush body will be formed at the water inrush port in the tunnel simulation unit. A connecting valve body 15 is arranged between the disaster source simulation bucket 2 and the filling medium storage tank 4 to control the on-off of the connection between the disaster source simulation bucket 2 and the filling medium storage tank 4, so that the disaster source simulation bucket 2 provides an intermittent water inrush water source for the filling medium storage tank 4.

[0037] As Figure 4 shown, a partition board 12 is movably arranged inside the filling medium storage tank 4. The partition board 12 is used to set the filling thickness of the experimental medium 5. Specifically, by changing the position of the partition board 12, the thickness of the filled experimental medium 5 can be changed. The way to change the position of the partition board 12 is to set a displacement adjustment structure on two opposite side walls of the filling medium storage tank 4 in the water flow direction to adjust the position of the partition board 12 inside the filling medium storage tank 4, so as to obtain an accommodation space with different widths for filling the experimental medium 5, and further change the filling thickness of the experimental medium 5. In addition, a detachable cover plate is arranged on the top of the filling medium storage tank 4. During the test, the cover plate can be removed to adjust the position of the partition board and fill the filling medium. After completion, it is reinstalled to ensure that the water flows horizontally and prevent the filling medium in the storage tank 4 from overflowing.

[0038] In this embodiment, the displacement adjustment structure is a plurality of clamping grooves 14 formed on at least one side wall. The plurality of clamping grooves 14 are arranged at intervals along the water flow direction. The width of the clamping groove 14 is adapted to the thickness of the partition plate 12. By placing the partition plate 12 in different clamping grooves 14, the position of the partition plate 12 can be changed. A plurality of through holes 13 for water flow to pass through are arranged on the partition plate 12.

[0039] The tunnel simulation unit has a channel 6 with a cross-section similar to that of the tunnel. It should be noted here that the cross-section of the channel 6 is obtained by reducing the tunnel in proportion. Therefore, it is said that the cross-section of the channel 6 is "similar" to the tunnel, that is, the shapes are the same and the sizes are different. The channel 6 is used to simulate the tunnel, and the channel 6 communicates with the filling medium storage tank 4. Specifically, one side of the filling medium storage tank 4 away from the disaster source simulation barrel has a gushing port communicating with the tunnel simulation unit. The specific size of the gushing port can be adjusted to simulate the water and sediment gushing from gushing ports of different sizes.

[0040] In this embodiment, on the inner side wall of the filling medium storage tank 4 at the position where it communicates with the tunnel simulation unit, two relatively arranged sliding clamping grooves 20 are fixedly connected. A sliding baffle 21 is slidably arranged in the sliding clamping grooves 20. The sliding baffle 21 can change its position by moving along the sliding clamping grooves 20, and thus the size of the water gushing channel can be changed.

[0041] The water collection unit has a water collection tank 7 and a weight display device 8 arranged at the bottom of the water collection tank 7. The water collection tank 7 is arranged at one end of the tunnel simulation unit away from the filling medium storage tank 4, and is used to collect the water and sediment flowing out through the channel 6. The weight display device 8 is used to weigh the weight of the water and sediment in the water collection tank 7.

[0042] The measurement unit includes an earth pressure test box 9 and a piezometer 10. The earth pressure test box 9 and the piezometer 10 are buried in the experimental medium 5 and are used to monitor the earth pressure and seepage pressure in the experimental medium 5 during the experiment.

[0043] In addition, a pressure display component 11 is arranged in the disaster source simulation barrel 2, and is used to display the water pressure change in the disaster source simulation barrel 2. In this embodiment, the pressure display component 11 is a pressure gauge.

[0044] Furthermore, the earth pressure test box 9, the piezometer 10 and the weight display device 8 are simultaneously connected to a data acquisition device 17, which is used to acquire the corresponding parameters of the earth pressure test box 9, the piezometer 10 and the weight display device 8 during the experiment. In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the real-time analysis of the data acquired by the data acquisition device 17, a data analysis and display device 19 is connected to the data acquisition device 17.

[0045] Further, the filling medium storage tank 4 and the tunnel simulation unit are made of transparent materials. A digital camera 16 is arranged on one side of the filling medium storage tank 4 and the tunnel simulation unit for photographing and monitoring the displacement and morphological changes of the experimental medium 5 during the experiment.

[0046] Further, the intermittent water inrush and mud inrush filling structure anti-outburst body reconstruction simulation test device further includes a support frame body 18. The disaster source simulation barrel 2, the filling medium storage tank 4 and the tunnel simulation unit are all arranged on the support frame body 18.

[0047] The specific operation method of this device is as follows:

[0048] Step 1: Fix the support frame body 18, connect and fix all parts of the test device on the support frame body 18, and keep the connection valve body 15 between the disaster source simulation barrel 2 and the filling medium storage tank 4 closed. Fill the experimental medium 5 inside the square medium storage tank, and bury miniature earth pressure test boxes 9 and miniature piezometers 10 evenly therein. Uniformly mix a small amount of black quartz sand particles in the filling medium as the marker particles for reconstructing the anti-outburst body of the filling structure. Erect a high-resolution digital camera in front of the model box to monitor the particle displacement changes. Place a water collecting tank 7 and a weight display device 8 at the right end of the transparent channel 6.

[0049] Step 2: Open the connection valve body 15 to start filling water, and adjust the pressure of the constant pressure pump 3 to make the disaster source simulation barrel reach the designed water pressure value of the experiment.

[0050] Step 3: The disaster source simulation barrel 2 releases water to impact the experimental medium 5 in the filling medium storage tank 4. The first water inrush and mud inrush will occur under the action of high-pressure water. The filling medium inside the filling medium storage tank 4 gushes out and gradually blocks the connection port between the water inrush and mud inrush port of the filling medium storage tank 4 and the channel 6 as the water pressure drops, simulating the reconstruction process of the anti-outburst body of the intermittent water inrush and mud inrush filling structure of the tunnel.

[0051] Step 4: The monitoring system obtains the earth pressure, seepage pressure, flowing water weight and combines with the water pressure data to monitor the reconstruction and dynamic evolution process of the anti-outburst body of the filling structure during the water inrush and mud inrush process, and uses a high-definition camera to record the morphology of the outburst object in real time during the water inrush process;

[0052] Step 5: After the water inrush and mud inrush end, take out the reconstructed anti-outburst body of the filling structure in the tunnel simulation unit for testing, obtain its physical and mechanical parameters such as particle size distribution, density, moisture content, cohesion, internal friction angle, permeability coefficient, etc., and study the variation law of the physical properties of the reconstructed anti-outburst body of the filling structure and the original anti-outburst body of the filling structure.

[0053] Step 6: Repeat steps 1-4. After the first water inrush and mud inrush end, provide a certain pressure water source again to cause a second water inrush and mud inrush, and study the anti-outburst performance of the anti-outburst body of the filling structure against the second water inrush and mud inrush.

[0054] It is understandable that the above description is only exemplary, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0055] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model are within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure anti-outburst body reconstruction simulation test device, characterized in that Comprising: A water supply unit, the water supply unit having a water storage bucket (1) and a disaster source simulation bucket (2), the water storage bucket (1) being used for storing water required for multiple tests, the disaster source simulation bucket (2) being connected to the water storage bucket (1), the water storage bucket (1) being used for supplying water to the disaster source simulation bucket (2), the disaster source simulation bucket (2) being used for flowing out water with a set pressure, a pressure stabilizing pump (3) being arranged between the water storage bucket (1) and the disaster source simulation bucket (2) for ensuring that the water flowing out of the disaster source simulation bucket (2) has a constant pressure; A filling medium storage tank (4), the filling medium storage tank (4) being connected to the disaster source simulation bucket (2), the interior of the filling medium storage tank (4) being used for filling an experimental medium (5) to simulate the sediment in the process of water and mud gushing in a tunnel, a connecting valve body (15) being arranged between the disaster source simulation bucket (2) and the filling medium storage tank (4) for controlling the on-off of the connection between the disaster source simulation bucket (2) and the filling medium storage tank (4) so that the disaster source simulation bucket (2) provides an intermittent water gushing source for the filling medium storage tank (4); A tunnel simulation unit, the tunnel simulation unit having a channel (6) with a cross-section similar to that of a tunnel, the channel (6) being connected to the filling medium storage tank (4); A water collection unit, the water collection unit having a water collection tank (7) and a weight display device (8) arranged at the bottom of the water collection tank (7), the water collection tank (7) being arranged at one end of the tunnel simulation unit far from the filling medium storage tank (4) for collecting the water and sediment flowing out through the channel (6), the weight display device (8) being used for weighing the weight of the water and sediment in the water collection tank (7); A measurement unit, the measurement unit including an earth pressure test box (9) and a piezometer (10), the earth pressure test box (9) and the piezometer (10) being buried in the experimental medium (5) for monitoring the earth pressure and seepage pressure in the experimental medium (5) during the experiment.

2. The simulation test device for reconstructing the outburst prevention body of the intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure display component (11) is arranged on the disaster source simulation bucket (2) for displaying the change of water pressure in the disaster source simulation bucket (2).

3. The simulation test device for the reconstruction of the anti-outburst body of the intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A partition board (12) is movably arranged in the filling medium storage tank (4), a plurality of perforations (13) for water flow to pass through are arranged on the partition board (12), and the partition board (12) is used for setting the filling thickness of the experimental medium (5).

4. The intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure anti-inrush body reconstruction simulation test device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Displacement adjustment structures are arranged on two opposite side walls of the filling medium storage tank (4) in the water flow direction for adjusting the position of the partition board (12) in the filling medium storage tank (4).

5. The simulation test device for reconstructing the outburst prevention body of the intermittent water and mud outburst filling structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The displacement adjustment structure is a plurality of card slots (14) opened on at least one side wall, and the width of the card slots (14) is adapted to the thickness of the partition board (12).

6. The simulation test device for the reconstruction of the outburst prevention body of the intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure according to claim 4, wherein, A sliding baffle (21) is slidably arranged at the position where the filling medium storage tank (4) is connected to the tunnel simulation unit, and by changing the position of the sliding baffle (21), a gushing port for water and sediment gushing into the channel (6) with different sizes is simulated.

7. The simulation test device for reconstructing the anti-outburst body of the intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that The pressure display component (11) is a pressure gauge.

8. The simulation test device for reconstructing the anti-outburst body of the intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The filling medium storage tank (4) and the tunnel simulation unit are made of transparent materials. A digital camera (16) is provided on one side of the filling medium storage tank (4) and the tunnel simulation unit for photographing and monitoring the displacement change of the experimental medium (5) during the experiment.

9. The simulation test device for reconstructing the anti-outburst body of the intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The earth pressure test box (9), the piezometer (10) and the weight display device (8) are simultaneously connected to a data acquisition device (17) for collecting the corresponding parameters of the earth pressure test box (9), the piezometer (10) and the weight display device (8) during the experiment.

10. The simulation test device for reconstructing the anti-outburst body of the intermittent water and mud inrush filling structure according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The intermittent water inrush and mud inrush filling structure anti-outburst body reconstruction simulation test device further includes a support frame body (18). The disaster source simulation barrel (2), the filling medium storage tank (4) and the tunnel simulation unit are all arranged on the support frame body (18).

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