Battery equalization system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery equalization system, which comprises a plurality of batteries connected in series, a first switch module, a second switch module and a power supply equalization module. The first switch module is used for controlling on-off between the positive electrode of the battery and the first primary end of the power supply equalization module and controlling on-off between the negative electrode of the battery and the second primary end of the power supply equalization module. The second switch module is used for controlling on-off between the positive electrode of the battery and the first auxiliary end of the power supply equalization module and controlling on-off between the negative electrode of the battery and the second auxiliary end of the power supply equalization module. And the power supply equalization module is used for electric quantity equalization between the battery communicated with the primary end of the power supply equalization module and the battery communicated with the secondary end of the power supply equalization module. The battery equalization system provided by the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low power supply cost, conversion of electric quantity in the battery pack, high equalization efficiency and the like, and can be widely applied to energy storage battery packs and power battery packs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of battery pack management systems, and particularly relates to a battery equalization system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy, due to the regional and time differences in the production and application of power systems, the application of energy storage systems is becoming more and more extensive. Lead-acid batteries can greatly reduce the safety risks of energy storage power stations due to their high safety. However, when lead-acid batteries are applied in energy storage systems, after long-term charge and discharge cycles, the battery consistency will decline, resulting in problems such as a decrease in the overall battery cycle life and low overall power utilization rate of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently perform manual maintenance to supplement the power of some single cells, and the maintenance cost is extremely high. In the scenarios of battery packs with high repeated cycle usage times, such as electric bicycles and electric vehicles, the consistency difference between batteries will expand with the increase in the number of charge and discharge cycles. This battery imbalance phenomenon reduces the capacity and shortens the life of the entire battery pack. Therefore, a battery equalization circuit needs to be applied in both energy storage battery packs and power battery packs to adjust them to maintain the capacity of the battery pack and extend the life of the battery pack.

[0003] The information disclosed in this background art section is only intended to enhance the overall understanding of the present utility model and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a battery equalization system that can perform power equalization during the normal use of the battery pack without affecting the normal use of the battery pack.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by a specific embodiment of the present utility model is as follows: A battery equalization system includes a plurality of batteries connected in series. The battery equalization system includes a first switch module, a second switch module, and a power equalization module. The first primary end and the second primary end of the power equalization module are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of at least some of the batteries through the first switch module. The second primary end of the power equalization module is connected to the negative electrode of at least some of the batteries through the first switch module. The first switch module is used to control the on-off between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery and the first primary end and the second primary end of the corresponding power equalization module, and to control the on-off between the negative electrode of the battery and the second primary end of the power equalization module.

[0006] The first secondary end and the second secondary end of the power supply equalization module are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of at least part of the batteries through the second switching module. The second secondary end of the power supply equalization module is connected to the negative electrode of at least part of the batteries through the second switching module. The second switching module is used to control the on-off between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery and the first secondary end and the second secondary end of the corresponding power supply equalization module, and to control the on-off between the negative electrode of the battery and the second secondary end of the power supply equalization module. The power supply equalization module is used to equalize the power between the batteries connected to the first primary end and the second primary end of the power supply equalization module and the batteries connected to the first secondary end and the second secondary end of the power supply equalization module.

[0007] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the first switching module includes a first switching unit and a second switching unit. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of at least part of the batteries are respectively connected to the first primary end and the second primary end of the power supply equalization module through the first switching unit and the second switching unit. The first switching unit and the second switching unit are used to control the on-off between the positive electrode of the battery and the first primary end of the power supply equalization module, and to control the on-off between the negative electrode of the battery and the second primary end of the power supply equalization module. The second switching module includes a third switching unit and a fourth switching unit. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of at least part of the batteries are respectively connected to the first secondary end and the second secondary end of the power supply equalization module through the third switching unit and the fourth switching unit. The third switching unit and the fourth switching unit are used to control the on-off between the positive electrode of the battery and the first secondary end of the power supply equalization module, and to control the on-off between the negative electrode of the battery and the second secondary end of the power supply equalization module.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the first switching unit includes a plurality of first switches, and the second switching unit includes a plurality of second switches. The first ends of the first switches and the first ends of the second switches are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the corresponding battery. The second ends of the first switches are connected to the first primary end of the power supply equalization module, and the second ends of the second switches are connected to the second primary end of the power supply equalization module. The first switches and the second switches are used to control the on-off between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery and the first primary end and the second primary end of the power supply equalization module. The third switching unit includes a plurality of third switches, and the fourth switching unit includes a plurality of fourth switches. The first ends of the third switches and the first ends of the fourth switches are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the corresponding battery. The second ends of the third switches are connected to the first secondary end of the power supply equalization module, and the second ends of the fourth switches are connected to the second secondary end of the power supply equalization module. The third switches and the fourth switches are used to control the on-off between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery and the first secondary end and the second secondary end of the power supply equalization module.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the present utility model, the first switch unit includes a first switching unit and a plurality of first switches, the second switch unit includes a second switching unit and a plurality of second switches, a first end of the first switch and a first end of the second switch are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the corresponding battery, a second end of the first switch and a second end of the second switch are both connected to a first primary end of the power supply equalization module through the first switching unit, a second end of the first switch and a second end of the second switch are both connected to a second primary end of the power supply equalization module through the second switching unit, the first switching unit is configured to control the on / off between the second ends of the first switch and the second switch and the first primary end of the power supply equalization module respectively, and the second switching unit is configured to control the on / off between the second ends of the first switch and the second switch and the second primary end of the power supply equalization module respectively;

[0010] The third switch unit includes a third switching unit and a plurality of third switches, the fourth switch unit includes a fourth switching unit and a plurality of fourth switches, a first end of the third switch and a first end of the fourth switch are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the corresponding battery, a second end of the third switch and a second end of the fourth switch are both connected to a first secondary end of the power supply equalization module through the third switching unit, a second end of the third switch and a second end of the fourth switch are both connected to a second secondary end of the power supply equalization module through the fourth switching unit, the third switching unit is configured to control the on / off between the second ends of the third switch and the fourth switch and the first secondary end of the power supply equalization module respectively, and the fourth switching unit is configured to control the on / off between the second ends of the third switch and the fourth switch and the second secondary end of the power supply equalization module respectively.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the present utility model, the first switch unit further includes a plurality of first fuses, and the first end of the first switch is connected to the corresponding battery through the first fuse; and / or the second switch unit further includes a plurality of second fuses, and the first end of the second switch is connected to the corresponding battery through the second fuse; and / or the third switch unit further includes a plurality of third fuses, and the first end of the third switch is connected to the corresponding battery through the third fuse; and / or the fourth switch unit further includes a plurality of fourth fuses, and the first end of the fourth switch is connected to the corresponding battery through the fourth fuse.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the present utility model, the first switching unit includes a fifth switch and a sixth switch. The first end of the fifth switch is connected to the second end of the first switch, the second end of the fifth switch is connected to the first primary end of the power supply balancing module, the first end of the sixth switch is connected to the second end of the second switch, and the second end of the sixth switch is connected to the first primary end of the power supply balancing module; and / or the second switching unit includes a seventh switch and an eighth switch. The first end of the seventh switch is connected to the second end of the first switch, the second end of the seventh switch is connected to the second primary end of the power supply balancing module, the first end of the eighth switch is connected to the second end of the second switch, and the second end of the eighth switch is connected to the second primary end of the power supply balancing module; and / or the third switching unit includes a ninth switch and a tenth switch. The first end of the ninth switch is connected to the second end of the third switch, the second end of the ninth switch is connected to the first secondary end of the power supply balancing module, the first end of the tenth switch is connected to the second end of the fourth switch, and the second end of the tenth switch is connected to the first secondary end of the power supply balancing module; and / or the fourth switching unit includes an eleventh switch and a twelfth switch. The first end of the eleventh switch is connected to the second end of the third switch, the second end of the eleventh switch is connected to the second secondary end of the power supply balancing module, the first end of the twelfth switch is connected to the second end of the fourth switch, and the second end of the twelfth switch is connected to the second secondary end of the power supply balancing module.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present utility model, the power supply balancing module includes a transformer, a first MOS transistor, and a second MOS transistor. The first end of the primary winding of the transformer forms the first primary end of the power supply balancing module. The first end of the first MOS transistor is used to form the second primary end of the power supply balancing module. The second end of the first MOS transistor is connected to the second end of the primary winding of the transformer. The control end of the first MOS transistor is used to receive a first control signal. The first end of the secondary winding of the transformer forms the first secondary end of the power supply balancing module. The first end of the second MOS transistor is used to form the second secondary end of the power supply balancing module. The second end of the second MOS transistor is connected to the second end of the secondary winding of the transformer. The control end of the second MOS transistor is used to receive a second control signal.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the present utility model, the power supply balancing module further includes a first capacitor. The two ends of the first capacitor are respectively connected to the two ends of the primary winding of the transformer; and / or the power supply balancing module further includes a second capacitor. The two ends of the second capacitor are respectively connected to the two ends of the secondary winding of the transformer.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present utility model, the battery balancing system further includes a control module connected to the first switch module, the second switch module, and the power balancing module, and the control module is used to control the first switch module, the second switch module, and the power balancing module.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present utility model, the battery balancing system further includes a sampling module, the sampling module is connected to the battery and the control module, the sampling module is used to sample the battery voltage and feedback the voltage information to the control module, and the control module is used to control the first switch module and the second switch module based on the battery voltage.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the battery balancing system of the present utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low power cost, conversion of electric quantity between the internal parts of the battery pack, high balancing efficiency, etc. It can be widely used in energy storage battery packs and power battery packs to improve the consistency during the use of the battery and extend the service life of the battery pack. And after the wiring of this balancing system is completed once, no manual operation is required anymore. It can perform balancing during the normal use of the battery pack without affecting the normal use of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the battery balancing system in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the battery balancing system in Embodiment 2 of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present utility model, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] The "coupling", "connection", or "linkage" in the specification includes both direct connection and indirect connection. Indirect connection is a connection through an intermediate medium, such as a connection through an electrical conduction medium, which may have parasitic inductance or parasitic capacitance; indirect connection may also include a connection through other active or passive devices on the basis of achieving the same or similar functional purposes, such as a connection through a circuit or component such as a switch, a follower circuit, etc. Additionally, in the invention, words such as "first", "second", etc. are mainly used to distinguish one technical feature from another technical feature, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a certain actual relationship, quantity, or order between these technical features.

[0023] In the detailed description of the specification, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part thereof, in which like reference numerals always represent like components, and which are shown by way of exemplary embodiments that can be implemented. It should be understood that other embodiments can be utilized and structural or logical changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the following detailed description should not be taken in a limiting sense.

[0024] The various operations in the specification can be described as a plurality of discrete actions or operations in a manner that is most helpful for understanding the claimed subject matter. However, the order of description should not be construed as implying that these operations must be order-dependent. Specifically, these operations can be performed in an order different from the presented order. The described operations can be performed in an order different from that of the described embodiments. Various additional operations can be performed in additional embodiments and / or the described operations can be omitted.

[0025] For the purposes of the present disclosure, the phrase "A and / or B" means (A), (B), or (A and B). For the purposes of the present disclosure, the phrase "A, B, and / or C" means (A), (B), (C), (A and B), (A and C), (B and C), or (A, B, and C).

[0026] Various components and devices can be referred to or shown herein in the singular form (e.g., "MOS transistor", "transistor", "switch", etc.), but this is merely for the convenience of discussion, and any element referred to in the singular can include a plurality of such elements in accordance with the teachings herein.

[0027] The specification describes using the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in other embodiments" or "in some embodiments", which can each refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments. Additionally, the terms "comprising", "including", "having", etc. used with respect to the embodiments of the present disclosure are synonymous.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the battery equalization system in an embodiment of the present utility model includes a plurality of batteries connected in series with each other, as well as a sampling module 10, a control module 20, a first switch module 30, a second switch module 40, and a power equalization module 50.

[0030] In one embodiment, there are 360 batteries, which are sequentially marked as B1, B2... B360. The batteries are connected to an external energy storage converter, and the external energy storage converter controls the overall charging and discharging of the batteries.

[0031] The first primary terminal IN1+ and the second primary terminal IN1- of the power equalization module 50 are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of at least some of the batteries through the first switch module 30. The first switch module 30 is used to control the on-off between the positive and negative electrodes of the batteries and the corresponding first primary terminal IN1+ and second primary terminal IN1- of the power equalization module 50.

[0032] The first secondary terminal IN2+ and the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power equalization module 50 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of at least some of the batteries through the second switch module 40. The second switch module 40 is used to control the on-off between the positive and negative electrodes of the batteries and the corresponding first secondary terminal IN2+ and second secondary terminal IN2- of the power equalization module 50. The power equalization module 50 is used to equalize the power of the batteries connected to the first primary terminal IN1+ and the second primary terminal IN1- of the power equalization module 50 and the batteries connected to the first secondary terminal IN2+ and the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power equalization module 50.

[0033] In one embodiment, all the batteries are divided into two groups. Among them, batteries B1, B2... B180 are one group, and batteries B181, B182... B360 are one group. The number of batteries in each group is exactly half of the total number of batteries. The first primary terminal IN1+ of the power equalization module 50 is connected to the positive electrode of each battery in batteries B1, B2... B180 through the first switch module 30. The second primary terminal IN1- of the power equalization module 50 is connected to the negative electrode of each battery in batteries B1, B2... B180 through the first switch module 30.

[0034] The first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power equalization module 50 is connected to the positive electrode of each battery in batteries B181, B182... B360 through the second switch module 40. The second secondary terminal IN2- of the power equalization module 50 is connected to the negative electrode of each battery in batteries B181, B182... B360 through the second switch module 40.

[0035] The sampling module 10 is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of all the batteries and is also connected to the control module 20 at the same time. The sampling module 10 is used to sample the battery voltage of each battery and feedback the voltage information to the control module 20. The control module 20 is connected to the first switch module 30, the second switch module 40, and the power balancing module 50. The control module 20 is used to control the first switch module 30 and the second switch module 40 based on the battery voltage information, and to control the power balancing module 50.

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, the first switch module 30 includes a first switch unit and a second switch unit. The positive and negative electrodes of each battery among the batteries B1, B2... B180 are respectively connected to the first primary terminal IN1+ and the second primary terminal IN1- of the power balancing module 50 through the first switch unit and the second switch unit. The first switch unit and the second switch unit are used to control the on / off between the positive electrode of each battery and the first primary terminal IN1+ of the power balancing module 50, and to control the on / off between the negative electrode of each battery and the second primary terminal IN1- of the power balancing module 50.

[0037] Specifically, the first switch unit includes a plurality of first switches S1 and a plurality of first fuses F1, and the second switch unit includes a plurality of second switches S2 and a plurality of second fuses F2. The first end of each first switch S1 is connected to the first end of the corresponding first fuse F1, the first end of each second switch S2 is connected to the first end of the corresponding second fuse F2, the second ends of each first fuse F1 and each second fuse F2 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the corresponding battery, the second end of each first switch S1 is connected to the first primary terminal IN1+ of the power balancing module 50, and the second end of each second switch S2 is connected to the second primary terminal IN1- of the power balancing module 50. The first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are used to control the on / off between the positive and negative electrodes of each battery and the first primary terminal IN1+ and the second primary terminal IN1- of the power balancing module 50.

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, the second switch module 40 includes a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit. The positive and negative electrodes of each battery among the batteries B181, B182... B360 are respectively connected to the first secondary terminal IN2+ and the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power balancing module 50 through the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit. The third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are used to control the on / off between the positive electrode of each battery and the first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power balancing module 50, and to control the on / off between the negative electrode of each battery and the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power balancing module 50.

[0039] Specifically, the third switch unit includes a plurality of third switches S3 and a plurality of third fuses F3, and the fourth switch unit includes a plurality of fourth switches S4 and a plurality of fourth fuses F4. The first end of each third switch S3 is connected to the first end of the corresponding third fuse F3, the first end of each fourth switch S4 is connected to the first end of the corresponding fourth fuse F4, the second ends of each third fuse F3 and each fourth fuse F4 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the corresponding battery, and the second end of each third switch S3 is connected to the first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power supply equalization module 50, and the second end of each fourth switch S4 is connected to the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power supply equalization module 50. The third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 are used to control the on / off between the positive and negative electrodes of each battery and the first secondary terminal IN2+ and the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power supply equalization module 50.

[0040] The first fuse F1, the second fuse F2, the third fuse F3, and the fourth fuse F4 are all used for overcurrent protection of the circuit, and the order of the fuses and switches can be swapped. In other embodiments, the first fuse F1, the second fuse F2, the third fuse F3, and the fourth fuse F4 may not be provided.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, the power supply equalization module 50 includes a transformer T1, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first MOS transistor M1, and a second MOS transistor M2.

[0042] The first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the primary winding of the transformer T1 and forms the first primary terminal IN1+ of the power supply equalization module 50. The second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first end of the first MOS transistor M1 and forms the second primary terminal IN1- of the power supply equalization module 50. The second end of the first MOS transistor M1 is connected to the second end of the primary winding of the transformer T1, and the control end of the first MOS transistor M1 is used to receive the first control signal.

[0043] The first end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first end of the secondary winding of the transformer T1 and forms the first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power supply equalization module 50. The second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first end of the second MOS transistor M2 and forms the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power supply equalization module 50. The second end of the second MOS transistor M2 is connected to the second end of the secondary winding of the transformer T1, and the control end of the second MOS transistor M2 is used to receive the second control signal.

[0044] The control module 20 generates the first control signal and the second control signal to control the turning on and off of the first MOS transistor M1 and the second MOS transistor M2, and further controls the power supply equalization module to equalize the battery power. The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are used to filter the voltages on both sides of the transformer T1.

[0045] The power balance module 50 adopts a bidirectional flyback topology, and the electric quantity can flow bidirectionally. It can transfer the electric energy of the battery connected to the first primary end IN1+ and the second primary end IN1- of the power balance module 50 to the battery connected to the first secondary end IN2+ and the second secondary end IN2- of the power balance module 50, or transfer the electric energy of the battery connected to the first secondary end IN2+ and the second secondary end IN2- of the power balance module 50 to the battery connected to the first primary end IN1+ and the second primary end IN1- of the power balance module 50.

[0046] In one embodiment, the first MOS transistor M1 and the second MOS transistor M2 are both NMOS transistors. The first ends of the first MOS transistor M1 and the second MOS transistor M2 are source electrodes, the second ends of the first MOS transistor M1 and the second MOS transistor M2 are drain electrodes, and the control ends of the first MOS transistor M1 and the second MOS transistor M2 are gate electrodes. In other embodiments, the first MOS transistor M1 and the second MOS transistor M2 can also be PMOS transistors or other types of devices, and their connection methods are adjusted adaptively.

[0047] In practical applications, first, the sampling module 10 samples the voltage of each battery and transmits the voltage information to the control module 20. The control module 20 compares the voltages of the batteries, selects the battery Bi with the highest voltage among the batteries B1 to B180 and the battery Bi' with the lowest voltage among the batteries B181 to B360. Then, it controls the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 connected to the battery Bi in the first switch module 30 to close, connects the positive and negative electrodes of the battery Bi to the first primary end IN1+ and the second primary end IN1- of the power balance module 50, and controls the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 connected to the battery Bi' in the second switch module 40 to close, connects the positive and negative electrodes of the battery Bi' to the first secondary end IN2+ and the second secondary end IN2- of the power balance module 50. Then, the control module 20 controls the power balance module 50 to transfer the electric energy of the battery Bi to the battery Bi' until the voltages of the battery Bi and the battery Bi' are the same. Finally, the above process is repeated to balance the electric quantity of the remaining batteries until the voltage differences of all the batteries meet the requirements.

[0048] Since the power balance module 50 can work bidirectionally, it is also possible to select the battery with the lowest voltage among the batteries B1 to B180 and the battery with the highest voltage among the batteries B181 to B360 for electric quantity balance.

[0049] The battery balancing system in this solution has a simple structure, low cost, high reliability, can perform electric quantity balance during normal use of the battery, does not affect the charging and discharging equipment of the battery, and has less loss during the transfer of electric energy between the batteries. It is suitable for occasions with high efficiency requirements such as energy storage systems.

[0050] Embodiment 2

[0051] The difference between the battery equalization system in this embodiment and that in Embodiment 1 is that not all batteries are grouped, and the structures of the first switch module 30 and the second switch module 40 are also different. The structures and connection manners of the batteries, the sampling module 10, the control module 20, the sampling module 10, and the power equalization module 50 in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0052] As Figure 2 shown, the first primary terminal IN1+ and the second primary terminal IN1- of the power equalization module 50 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of all the batteries B1 to B360 through the first switch module 30. The first switch module 30 is used to control the on / off between the positive electrode of each battery and the first primary terminal IN1+ of the power equalization module 50, and to control the on / off between the negative electrode of each battery and the second primary terminal IN1- of the power equalization module 50.

[0053] The first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power equalization module 50 is connected to the positive electrode of each battery through the second switch module 40, and the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power equalization module 50 is connected to the negative electrode of each battery through the second switch module 40. The second switch module 40 is used to control the on / off between the positive electrode of each battery and the first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power equalization module 50, and to control the on / off between the negative electrode of each battery and the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power equalization module 50.

[0054] As Figure 2 shown, the first switch module 30 includes a first switch unit and a second switch unit. The positive and negative electrodes of each battery are respectively connected to the first primary terminal IN1+ and the second primary terminal IN1- of the power equalization module 50 through the first switch unit and the second switch unit. The first switch unit and the second switch unit are used to control the on / off between the positive electrode of each battery and the first primary terminal IN1+ of the power equalization module 50, and to control the on / off between the negative electrode of each battery and the second primary terminal IN1- of the power equalization module 50.

[0055] Specifically, the first switch unit includes a first switching unit 31, a plurality of first switches S1, and a plurality of first fuses F1, and the second switch unit includes a second switching unit 32, a plurality of second switches S2, and a plurality of second fuses F2. The first end of each first switch S1 is connected to the first end of the corresponding first fuse F1, and the first end of each second switch S2 is connected to the first end of the corresponding second fuse F2. One first fuse F1 and one second fuse F2 form a group, and the second ends of a group of first fuses F1 and the second ends of the second fuses F2 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a battery. The second ends of all the first switches S1 are connected to the first switching unit 31, and the second ends of all the second switches S2 are connected to the second switching unit 32. The first switching unit 31 is connected to the first primary terminal IN1+ of the power supply equalization module 50, and the second switching unit 32 is connected to the second primary terminal IN1- of the power supply equalization module 50. The first switching unit 31 is used to control the on / off between the second ends of the first switches S1 and the second ends of the second switches S2 and the first primary terminal IN1+ of the power supply equalization module 50 respectively, and the second switching unit 32 is used to control the on / off between the second ends of the first switches S1 and the second ends of the second switches S2 and the second primary terminal IN1- of the power supply equalization module 50 respectively.

[0056] The first switching unit 31 includes a fifth switch S5 and a sixth switch S6. The first end of the fifth switch S5 is connected to the second ends of all the first switches S1, the second end of the fifth switch S5 is connected to the first primary terminal IN1+ of the power supply equalization module 50, the first end of the sixth switch S6 is connected to the second ends of all the second switches S2, and the second end of the sixth switch S6 is connected to the first primary terminal IN1+ of the power supply equalization module 50.

[0057] The second switching unit 32 includes a seventh switch S7 and an eighth switch S8. The first end of the seventh switch S7 is connected to the second ends of all the first switches S1, the second end of the seventh switch S7 is connected to the second primary terminal IN1- of the power supply equalization module 50, the first end of the eighth switch S8 is connected to the second ends of all the second switches S2, and the second end of the eighth switch S8 is connected to the second primary terminal IN1- of the power supply equalization module 50.

[0058] By setting the first switching unit 31 and the second switching unit 32 to cooperate with the corresponding first switch S1 and the second switch S2, the positive electrode of any battery can be connected to the first primary terminal IN1+ of the power supply equalization module 50, and the negative electrode of the battery can be connected to the second primary terminal IN1- of the power supply equalization module 50.

[0059] Such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the second switch module 40 includes a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit. The positive and negative electrodes of each battery are respectively connected to the first secondary terminal IN2+ and the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power supply equalization module 50 through the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit. The third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are used to control the on-off between the positive electrode of each battery and the first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power supply equalization module 50, and to control the on-off between the negative electrode of each battery and the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power supply equalization module 50.

[0060] Specifically, the third switch unit includes a third switching unit 41, a plurality of third switches S3, and a plurality of third fuses F3. The fourth switch unit includes a fourth switching unit 42, a plurality of fourth switches S4, and a plurality of fourth fuses F4. The first end of each third switch S3 is connected to the first end of the corresponding third fuse F3. The first end of each fourth switch S4 is connected to the first end of the corresponding fourth fuse F4. One third fuse F3 and one fourth fuse F4 form a group. The second ends of the third fuse F3 and the fourth fuse F4 in a group are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a battery. The second ends of all the third switches S3 are connected to the third switching unit 41. The second ends of all the fourth switches S4 are connected to the fourth switching unit 42. The third switching unit 41 is simultaneously connected to the first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power supply equalization module 50. The fourth switching unit 42 is simultaneously connected to the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power supply equalization module 50. The third switching unit 41 is used to control the on-off between the second ends of the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 and the first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power supply equalization module 50 respectively. The fourth switching unit 42 is used to control the on-off between the second ends of the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 and the second secondary terminal IN2- of the power supply equalization module 50 respectively. In other embodiments, the first fuse F1, the second fuse F2, the third fuse F3, and the fourth fuse F4 may not be provided.

[0061] In one embodiment, the third switching unit 41 includes a ninth switch S9 and a tenth switch S10. The first end of the ninth switch S9 is connected to the second ends of all the third switches S3. The second end of the ninth switch S9 is connected to the first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power supply equalization module 50. The first end of the tenth switch S10 is connected to the second ends of all the fourth switches S4. The second end of the tenth switch S10 is connected to the first secondary terminal IN2+ of the power supply equalization module 50.

[0062] The fourth switching unit 42 includes an eleventh switch S11 and a twelfth switch S12. The first end of the eleventh switch S11 is connected to the second ends of all the third switches S3. The second end of the eleventh switch S11 is connected to the second secondary end IN2- of the power supply balancing module 50. The first end of the twelfth switch S12 is connected to the second ends of all the fourth switches S4. The second end of the twelfth switch S12 is connected to the second secondary end IN2- of the power supply balancing module 50.

[0063] By setting the third switching unit 41 and the fourth switching unit 42 to cooperate with the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4, the positive electrode of any battery can be connected to the first secondary end IN2+ of the power supply balancing module 50, and the negative electrode of the battery can be connected to the second secondary end IN2- of the power supply balancing module 50.

[0064] In practical applications, first, the sampling module 10 samples the voltage of each battery and transmits the voltage information to the control module 20. The control module 20 compares the battery voltages, selects the batteries Bi and Bi' that need to be balanced (the battery voltages of the batteries Bi and Bi' are not equal, and they can be one highest and one lowest), then controls the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 connected to the battery Bi in the first switch module 30 to close, and then connects the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery Bi to the first primary end IN1+ and the second primary end IN1- of the power supply balancing module 50 through the first switching unit 31 and the second switching unit 32. And control the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 connected to the battery Bi' in the second switch module 40 to close, and then connect the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery Bi' to the first secondary end IN2+ and the second secondary end IN2- of the power supply balancing module 50 through the third switching unit 41 and the fourth switching unit 42. Then, the control module 20 controls the power supply balancing module 50 to balance the power of the batteries Bi and Bi'.

[0065] The battery balancing system in this solution can select any two batteries for power balancing, which is convenient for the control module 20 to match the two batteries with the most suitable remaining power for power balancing, improving the flexibility of battery balancing. The system has a simple structure, low cost, high reliability, can perform power balancing during normal battery use, does not affect the battery charging and discharging equipment, the electric energy is transferred between the batteries with less loss, and is suitable for occasions with high efficiency requirements such as energy storage systems.

[0066] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present utility model can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced within the present utility model. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

[0067] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A battery balancing system, comprising a plurality of batteries connected in series with each other, characterized in that, The battery equalization system includes a first switch module, a second switch module, and a power equalization module. The first primary end and the second primary end of the power equalization module are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of at least part of the batteries through the first switch module. The first switch module is used to control the on-off between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery and the first primary end and the second primary end of the corresponding power equalization module. The first secondary end and the second secondary end of the power equalization module are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of at least part of the batteries through the second switch module. The second switch module is used to control the on-off between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery and the first secondary end and the second secondary end of the corresponding power equalization module. The power equalization module is used to equalize the power of the batteries connected to the first primary end and the second primary end of the power equalization module and the batteries connected to the first secondary end and the second secondary end of the power equalization module.

2. The battery equalization system according to claim 1, wherein The first switch module includes a first switch unit and a second switch unit. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of at least part of the batteries are respectively connected to the first primary end and the second primary end of the power equalization module through the first switch unit and the second switch unit. The first switch unit and the second switch unit are used to control the on-off between the positive electrode of the battery and the first primary end of the power equalization module, and to control the on-off between the negative electrode of the battery and the second primary end of the power equalization module. The second switch module includes a third switch unit and a fourth switch unit. The positive electrode and the negative electrode of at least part of the batteries are respectively connected to the first secondary end and the second secondary end of the power equalization module through the third switch unit and the fourth switch unit. The third switch unit and the fourth switch unit are used to control the on-off between the positive electrode of the battery and the first secondary end of the power equalization module, and to control the on-off between the negative electrode of the battery and the second secondary end of the power equalization module.

3. The battery balancing system according to claim 2, wherein, The first switch unit includes a plurality of first switches. The second switch unit includes a plurality of second switches. The first ends of the first switches and the first ends of the second switches are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the corresponding battery. The second ends of the first switches are connected to the first primary end of the power equalization module. The second ends of the second switches are connected to the second primary end of the power equalization module. The first switches and the second switches are used to control the on-off between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery and the first primary end and the second primary end of the power equalization module. The third switch unit includes a plurality of third switches. The fourth switch unit includes a plurality of fourth switches. The first ends of the third switches and the first ends of the fourth switches are connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the corresponding battery. The second ends of the third switches are connected to the first secondary end of the power equalization module. The second ends of the fourth switches are connected to the second secondary end of the power equalization module. The third switches and the fourth switches are used to control the on-off between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery and the first secondary end and the second secondary end of the power equalization module.

4. The battery equalization system according to claim 2, wherein The first switch unit includes a first switching unit and a plurality of first switches. The second switch unit includes a second switching unit and a plurality of second switches. The first ends of the first switches and the first ends of the second switches are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the corresponding batteries. The second ends of the first switches and the second ends of the second switches are both connected to the first primary end of the power supply equalization module through the first switching unit, and the second ends of the first switches and the second ends of the second switches are both connected to the second primary end of the power supply equalization module through the second switching unit. The first switching unit is used to control the on / off between the second ends of the first switches and the second ends of the second switches and the first primary end of the power supply equalization module respectively. The second switching unit is used to control the on / off between the second ends of the first switches and the second ends of the second switches and the second primary end of the power supply equalization module respectively; The third switch unit includes a third switching unit and a plurality of third switches. The fourth switch unit includes a fourth switching unit and a plurality of fourth switches. The first ends of the third switches and the first ends of the fourth switches are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the corresponding batteries. The second ends of the third switches and the second ends of the fourth switches are both connected to the first secondary end of the power supply equalization module through the third switching unit, and the second ends of the third switches and the second ends of the fourth switches are both connected to the second secondary end of the power supply equalization module through the fourth switching unit. The third switching unit is used to control the on / off between the second ends of the third switches and the second ends of the fourth switches and the first secondary end of the power supply equalization module respectively. The fourth switching unit is used to control the on / off between the second ends of the third switches and the second ends of the fourth switches and the second secondary end of the power supply equalization module respectively.

5. The battery balancing system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The first switch unit further includes a plurality of first fuses, and the first end of the first switch is connected to the corresponding battery through the first fuse; and / or The second switch unit further includes a plurality of second fuses, and the first end of the second switch is connected to the corresponding battery through the second fuse; and / or The third switch unit further includes a plurality of third fuses, and the first end of the third switch is connected to the corresponding battery through the third fuse; and / or The fourth switch unit further includes a plurality of fourth fuses, and the first end of the fourth switch is connected to the corresponding battery through the fourth fuse.

6. The battery balancing system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first switching unit includes a fifth switch and a sixth switch. The first end of the fifth switch is connected to the second end of the first switch. The second end of the fifth switch is connected to the first primary end of the power supply equalization module. The first end of the sixth switch is connected to the second end of the second switch. The second end of the sixth switch is connected to the first primary end of the power supply equalization module; and / or The second switching unit includes a seventh switch and an eighth switch. The first end of the seventh switch is connected to the second end of the first switch. The second end of the seventh switch is connected to the second primary end of the power supply equalization module. The first end of the eighth switch is connected to the second end of the second switch. The second end of the eighth switch is connected to the second primary end of the power supply equalization module; and / or The third switching unit includes a ninth switch and a tenth switch. The first end of the ninth switch is connected to the second end of the third switch. The second end of the ninth switch is connected to the first secondary end of the power supply balancing module. The first end of the tenth switch is connected to the second end of the fourth switch. The second end of the tenth switch is connected to the first secondary end of the power supply balancing module; and / or The fourth switching unit includes an eleventh switch and a twelfth switch. The first end of the eleventh switch is connected to the second end of the third switch. The second end of the eleventh switch is connected to the second secondary end of the power supply balancing module. The first end of the twelfth switch is connected to the second end of the fourth switch. The second end of the twelfth switch is connected to the second secondary end of the power supply balancing module.

7. The battery balancing system according to claim 1, wherein The power supply balancing module includes a transformer, a first MOS transistor, and a second MOS transistor. The first end of the primary winding of the transformer forms the first primary end of the power supply balancing module. The first end of the first MOS transistor is used to form the second primary end of the power supply balancing module. The second end of the first MOS transistor is connected to the second end of the primary winding of the transformer. The control end of the first MOS transistor is used to receive a first control signal. The first end of the secondary winding of the transformer forms the first secondary end of the power supply balancing module. The first end of the second MOS transistor is used to form the second secondary end of the power supply balancing module. The second end of the second MOS transistor is connected to the second end of the secondary winding of the transformer. The control end of the second MOS transistor is used to receive a second control signal.

8. The battery equalization system according to claim 7, wherein The power supply balancing module further includes a first capacitor. Both ends of the first capacitor are respectively connected to both ends of the primary winding of the transformer; and / or The power supply balancing module further includes a second capacitor. Both ends of the second capacitor are respectively connected to both ends of the secondary winding of the transformer.

9. The battery balancing system according to claim 1, wherein The battery balancing system further includes a control module connected to the first switching module, the second switching module, and the power supply balancing module. The control module is used to control the first switching module, the second switching module, and the power supply balancing module.

10. The battery equalization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery balancing system further includes a sampling module. The sampling module is connected to the battery and the control module. The sampling module is used to sample the battery voltage and feedback the voltage information to the control module. The control module is used to control the first switching module and the second switching module based on the battery voltage.

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