Heat insulation fireproof structure and battery module structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a heat insulation fireproof structure and a battery module structure, and belongs to the field of new energy batteries. The structure comprises a vertical base plate and elastic parts, a cavity is formed in the vertical base plate in a protruding mode, a liquid injection opening is formed in the cavity, and the elastic parts are arranged on the periphery of the cavity. By adopting the heat insulation fireproof structure and the battery module structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the problem of lower fireproof safety performance in the prior art can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of new energy batteries, and particularly relates to a heat insulation and fire prevention structure and a battery module structure. Background Art

[0002] With the wide application of new energy batteries, the requirements for the fire prevention and safety performance of new energy batteries are also increasing day by day.

[0003] In the prior art, the common method for fire prevention in a battery module is to set PU foam or aerogel between battery cells. Although PU foam can provide a certain resilience between battery cells, PU foam can only withstand a temperature of 120°C, while the highest temperature can reach about 600°C when the battery cell gets out of control. Therefore, PU foam cannot isolate the heat generated by the battery cell. Aerogel has excellent heat insulation performance, but its thermal conductivity is relatively low. When the battery cell gets out of control thermally, it can only provide heat insulation. After the heat accumulates to a relatively high level, it will still be transferred to adjacent battery cells, causing the temperature of adjacent battery cells to continue to rise, thus easily causing secondary explosion or fire.

[0004] The heat insulation and fire prevention structure between battery modules in the prior art is difficult to reduce the continuous high temperature impact generated when the battery cell gets out of control thermally, resulting in relatively low fire prevention and safety performance of the battery structure. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] Embodiments of the utility model provide a heat insulation and fire prevention structure and a battery module structure, which can solve the problem of relatively low fire prevention and safety performance in the prior art. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, a heat insulation and fire prevention structure includes: a vertical substrate and an elastic part.

[0007] A cavity is protrudingly arranged on the vertical substrate, a liquid injection port is arranged on the cavity, and the elastic part is arranged around the cavity.

[0008] Optionally, the liquid injection port is arranged at the top of the cavity, and a seal matching the liquid injection port is arranged on the liquid injection port.

[0009] Optionally, the seal is detachably connected to the liquid injection port.

[0010] Optionally, the elastic part is a silica gel groove, and the cavity is wrapped inside the silica gel groove.

[0011] Optionally, the elastic part is a silica gel frame, and the thickness of the silica gel frame is greater than the thickness of the cavity.

[0012] Optionally, a scale line is arranged on one side of the cavity.

[0013] Optionally, scale lines are arranged on both sides of the cavity.

[0014] In a second aspect, a battery module structure includes the aforementioned heat insulation and fire prevention structure, and further includes a plurality of battery cells. The plurality of battery cells are stacked, and the heat insulation and fire prevention structure is provided between every two adjacent battery cells.

[0015] Optionally, the plurality of battery cells are stacked in the horizontal direction.

[0016] Optionally, at least one side of the battery cell in the stacking direction is provided with an installation groove matching the heat insulation and fire prevention structure.

[0017] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention at least include:

[0018] For a heat insulation and fire prevention structure and a battery module structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention, by injecting aerosol into a cavity provided in a vertical substrate, then arranging an elastic part around the cavity in the direction of the vertical substrate, and fixing the elastic part to the vertical substrate, the vertical substrate, the cavity and the elastic part form an integral heat insulation and fire prevention structure. When this heat insulation and fire prevention structure is placed between the battery cells in the battery module, when a battery cell has a thermal runaway, the cavity ruptures, and the internal aerosol flows out, effectively extinguishing the fire and reducing the temperature, inhibiting the thermal runaway of the battery cell, avoiding more serious consequences, and effectively solving the problem of low fire prevention and safety performance in the prior art. Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat insulation and fire prevention structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a silica gel groove structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is another schematic diagram of a heat insulation and fire prevention structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery module structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1 - vertical substrate; 2 - elastic part; 21 - silica gel groove; 22 - silica gel frame; 3 - cavity; 31 - liquid injection port; 32 - seal; 33 - scale line; 4 - battery cell; 41 - installation groove. Detailed implementation mode

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the following will further describe in detail the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a heat insulation and fire prevention structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a silica gel groove structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 It is another schematic diagram of a heat insulation and fire prevention structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a battery module structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a battery cell structure provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a heat insulation and fire prevention structure includes: a vertical substrate 1 and an elastic part 2. A cavity 3 is protrudingly arranged on the vertical substrate 1. A liquid injection port 31 is opened on the cavity 3. The elastic part 2 is arranged around the cavity 3.

[0028] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, the vertical substrate 1 and the cavity 3 are integrally blow-molded using PP material, which can form the cavity 3 with a relatively thin wall thickness, and the PP material will not react with the electrolyte to cause other side reactions, nor will the cavity 3 rupture and cause subsequent reactions when the battery cell leaks. Aerosol is a fire extinguishing agent that can effectively extinguish fires and reduce the temperature. The aerosol is injected into the cavity 3 through the liquid injection port 31 in the cavity 3, and then the elastic part 2 is assembled with the vertical substrate 1, and the elastic part 2 is wrapped around the cavity 3. By setting the elastic part 2, the cavity 3 can be protected to prevent the cavity 3 from rupturing prematurely due to external physical effects and the fire prevention performance from failing. At the same time, the size parameters of the battery module can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the elastic part 2, providing good resilience performance to meet the requirements during the assembly and production of the battery module. After the heat insulation and fire prevention structure is assembled, it is placed between two battery cells to form a battery module structure. When the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, during the temperature rise process, when it reaches the melting point of the PP material, which is about 120 °C, the cavity 3 ruptures, and the aerosol inside the cavity 3 is sprayed out to cool down the battery cell. The aerosol cooling mainly relies on the endothermic decomposition of metal oxides and carbonates. In a short period of time, the aerosol particles absorb a part of the heat, which can inhibit the further increase of the thermal runaway temperature of the battery cell and control the reaction from causing more serious consequences. Compared with the traditional technology that only uses the form of PU foam or aerogel, in the embodiment of the present invention, through the cooperation of the vertical substrate 1, the elastic part 2 and the cavity 3, the aerosol inside the cavity 3 can cool down the thermal runaway of the battery cell, thereby improving the fire prevention and safety performance of this heat insulation and fire prevention structure.

[0029] An insulation and fire prevention structure and a battery module structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention inject aerosol into a cavity 3 provided on a vertical substrate 1, and then arrange the elastic part 2 around the cavity in the direction of the vertical substrate 1 and fix the elastic part 2 to the vertical substrate 1, so that the vertical substrate 1, the cavity 3 and the elastic part 2 form an integral insulation and fire prevention structure. This insulation and fire prevention structure is placed between the battery cells in the battery module. When the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, the cavity 3 ruptures, and the internal aerosol flows out, effectively extinguishing the fire and reducing the temperature, producing an inhibitory effect on the thermal runaway of the battery cell and avoiding more serious consequences, and can effectively solve the problem of low fire prevention and safety performance in the prior art.

[0030] Optionally, the liquid injection port 31 is provided at the top of the cavity 3, and a sealing cap 32 matching the liquid injection port 31 is provided on the liquid injection port 31.

[0031] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, by providing a liquid injection port 31 at the top of the cavity 3, it is more convenient to add the aerosol. At the same time, a sealing cover 32 is provided on the liquid injection port 31. When the battery cell deforms and expands, it exerts extrusion on the vertical substrate 1 and the cavity 3, causing the internal pressure of the cavity 3 to increase, and squeezing out the sealing cover 32 from the liquid injection port 31. As a result, the aerosol inside the cavity 3 is released from the liquid injection port 31, achieving the effects of fire extinguishing and temperature reduction, thereby further improving the fire safety performance of the heat insulation and fire prevention structure.

[0032] Optionally, the sealing cover 32 is detachably connected to the liquid injection port 31.

[0033] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, by detachably connecting the sealing cover 32 to the liquid injection port 31, it is convenient to remove the sealing cover 32 when injecting the aerosol, and then block the liquid injection port 31 after the injection is completed, thereby improving the operation convenience of the heat insulation and fire prevention structure.

[0034] Optionally, the elastic part 2 is a silicone groove 21, and the cavity 3 is wrapped inside the silicone groove 21.

[0035] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in the figure, the elastic part 2 is a silicone groove 21. When the elastic part 2 is in the form of a silicone groove 21, the elastic part 2 can better protect the cavity 3 inside the silicone groove 21, and the bottom of the silicone groove 21 can further provide physical protection for the cavity 3, thereby preventing the cavity 3 from being accidentally punctured by external physical actions, and further causing the fire prevention structure to fail. When the structure inside the battery module is relatively complex, by making the elastic part 2 a silicone groove 21, the stability of the heat insulation and fire prevention structure is improved.

[0036] Optionally, the elastic part 2 is a silicone frame 22, and the thickness of the silicone frame 22 is greater than the thickness of the cavity 3.

[0037] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in the figure, the elastic part 2 is a silicone frame 22. When the elastic part 2 is in the form of a silicone frame, the production materials of the elastic part 2 can be saved. When the thickness of the silicone frame 22 is greater than the thickness of the cavity 3, the silicone frame 22 prevents the cavity 3 from contacting the surface of the battery cell during the assembly of the battery module, thereby providing a certain degree of physical protection for the cavity 3. And when the battery cell deforms and expands, in the form of a silicone frame 22, the cavity 3 has a higher sensitivity to the change of the battery cell. The cavity 3 can rupture in the first time and extinguish the fire and reduce the temperature of the battery cell. Thereby improving the sensitivity of the heat insulation and fire prevention structure to the fire situation.

[0038] Optionally, a scale line 33 is provided on one side of the cavity 3.

[0039] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, by providing the scale line 33, the aerosol added into the cavity 3 can be measured. Since the temperature is between minus and about forty degrees Celsius during the operation of the battery cell, the aerosol may expand and contract due to temperature changes, or even expand and leak. Therefore, it is necessary to control the capacity of the aerosol added into the cavity 3. By providing the scale line 33, the stability of the heat insulation and fire prevention structure is further improved.

[0040] Optionally, scale lines 33 are provided on both sides of the cavity 3.

[0041] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, by providing scale lines 33 on both sides, when reading the aerosol, when the readings of the scale lines 33 on both sides are the same, the capacity of the aerosol read at this time is accurate. Through this structure, the stability of the heat insulation and fire prevention structure is further improved.

[0042] A battery module structure includes the aforementioned heat insulation and fire prevention structure, and further includes a plurality of battery cells 4. The plurality of battery cells 4 are stacked, and a heat insulation and fire prevention structure is provided between adjacent two battery cells 4.

[0043] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the heat insulation and fire prevention structure is placed between two adjacent battery cells 4. When the battery cell 4 undergoes thermal runaway or excessive expansion, due to temperature factors or physical factors, the cavity 3 is ruptured, and the aerosol inside the cavity 3 flows out to cool and extinguish the fire of the battery cell 4. Compared with the traditional technology that only uses the form of PU foam or aerogel, in the embodiment of the present utility model, through the cooperation of the vertical substrate 1, the elastic part 2 and the cavity 3, the aerosol inside the cavity 3 can cool the thermal runaway of the battery cell, thereby improving the fire prevention and safety performance of the heat insulation and fire prevention structure.

[0044] Optionally, the plurality of battery cells 4 are stacked in the horizontal direction.

[0045] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, by stacking the plurality of battery cells 4 in the horizontal direction, the total capacity of the battery cells 4 can be increased, thereby increasing the capacitance of the battery module structure. At the same time, since the plurality of battery cells 4 are stacked in the horizontal direction, it is convenient to fix the outer shell of the battery module structure later, thereby improving the stability of the battery module structure.

[0046] Optionally, at least one side of the battery cell 4 in the stacking direction is provided with an installation groove 41 matching the heat insulation and fire prevention structure.

[0047] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in the figure, by providing an installation groove 41 on the battery cell 4, it is possible to make the installation of the battery cell 4 and the heat insulation and fire prevention structure more convenient. The heat insulation and fire prevention structure is vertically limited by the installation groove 41. During assembly, only the horizontal direction of the battery cell 4 and the heat insulation and fire prevention structure needs to be fixed to complete the fixation of the entire battery module structure, thereby improving the operation convenience of the battery module structure.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present utility model belongs. The "first", "second" and similar terms used in the description of the present utility model patent application and the claims do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms such as "a" or "one" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but indicate the existence of at least one. The terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or objects appearing before "comprising" or "including" cover the elements or objects listed after "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are only used to indicate relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative position relationships may also change accordingly.

[0049] The above are only optional embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A heat-insulating and fireproof structure, characterized in that, Comprising: A vertical substrate (1) and an elastic part (2), A cavity (3) is protrudingly provided on the vertical substrate (1), a liquid injection port (31) is provided on the cavity (3), and the elastic part (2) is arranged around the cavity (3).

2. The heat insulation and fireproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid injection port (31) is arranged at the top of the cavity (3), and a seal (32) matching the liquid injection port (31) is provided on the liquid injection port (31).

3. The heat-insulating and fire-proof structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seal (32) is detachably connected to the liquid injection port (31).

4. The heat-insulating and fireproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic part (2) is a silicone groove (21), and the cavity (3) is wrapped inside the silicone groove (21).

5. The heat-insulating and fire-proof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic part (2) is a silicone frame (22), and the thickness of the silicone frame (22) is greater than the thickness of the cavity (3).

6. The heat insulation and fire prevention structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A scale line (33) is provided on one side of the cavity (3).

7. The heat insulation and fireproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Scale lines (33) are provided on both sides of the cavity (3).

8. A battery module structure, comprising a heat insulation and fire prevention structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It further includes a plurality of battery cells (4), the plurality of battery cells (4) are stacked and arranged, and the heat insulation and fire prevention structure is arranged between adjacent two battery cells (4).

9. The battery module structure according to claim 8, wherein, The plurality of battery cells (4) are stacked and arranged in the horizontal direction.

10. The battery module structure according to claim 9, wherein, At least one side of the battery cell (4) in the stacking direction is provided with a mounting groove (41) matching the heat insulation and fire prevention structure.

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