Solar cell module and solar cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a solar cell module and a solar cell. The solar cell module includes: a substrate; the at least one battery unit is located on one side of the substrate, and the battery unit comprises a first electrode layer located on one side of the substrate; the functional layer is located on the side, away from the substrate, of the first electrode layer; the second electrode layer is located on the side, away from the substrate, of the functional layer; the electrode lap joint structure is electrically connected with the second electrode layer and extends towards the substrate; and the first electrode lead-out structure is electrically connected with the electrode lap joint structure and extends in the direction away from the first electrode layer. The second electrode layer is led out through the electrode lap joint structure and the first electrode leading-out structure, electric connection between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer between the battery units is facilitated, the structural design is flexible, and when the solar battery assembly is used for the flexible solar battery, the service life of the flexible solar battery is prolonged. The connection mode of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer between the cell units is simple, and the size of the solar cell is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of batteries, specifically to solar cell modules and solar cells. Background Art

[0002] Perovskite materials have remarkable optoelectronic properties such as a relatively steep optical absorption edge, a high absorption coefficient, a long carrier diffusion length, and a long carrier lifetime, and have received increasing attention in the field of solar cells. Currently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells has been increased to 25%. However, limited by related technologies, current perovskite batteries are not advantageous in terms of flexible use, and the development of ultra-light, flexible, and stretchable perovskite solar cells has become an urgent need. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a solar cell module and a solar cell.

[0004] In the first aspect of this application, a solar cell module is provided, and the solar cell module includes:

[0005] A substrate;

[0006] At least one battery unit, located on one side of the substrate, and the battery unit includes:

[0007] A first electrode layer, located on one side of the substrate;

[0008] A functional layer, located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the substrate;

[0009] A second electrode layer, located on the side of the functional layer away from the substrate;

[0010] An electrode overlapping structure, electrically connected to the second electrode layer and extending towards the substrate;

[0011] A first electrode lead-out structure, electrically connected to the electrode overlapping structure and extending along the direction away from the first electrode layer.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first electrode lead-out structure is arranged on the same layer as the first electrode layer;

[0013] Preferably, the positive projection of the electrode overlapping structure on the substrate at least partially surrounds the battery unit, and the positive projection of the electrode overlapping structure on the substrate does not overlap with the positive projection of the first electrode layer on the substrate;

[0014] Preferably, the positive projection of the functional layer on the substrate is circular or regular polygon;

[0015] Preferably, the positive projection of the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer on the substrate is circular or regular polygon;

[0016] Preferably, the positive projection of the electrode overlapping structure on the substrate is arc-shaped.

[0017] In one embodiment, the battery unit further includes a second electrode lead-out structure, which is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and extends in a direction away from the electrode overlapping structure;

[0018] Preferably, the first electrode lead-out structure, the first electrode layer, and the second electrode lead-out structure are made of the same material.

[0019] In one embodiment, the solar cell module includes an island region and a bridge region. The solar cell module further includes a first bridge connection wire.

[0020] The battery unit is located in the island region, and the first bridge connection wire is located in the bridge region;

[0021] Preferably, the number of battery units is at least two. The first electrode lead-out structure of the battery unit is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire, and the second electrode lead-out structure of the next-level battery unit is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire. Or, the second electrode lead-out structure of the battery unit is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire, and the first electrode lead-out structure of the next-level battery unit is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire;

[0022] Preferably, the battery units are connected in series;

[0023] Preferably, among adjacent battery units, the first electrode lead-out structure of the battery unit is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire, and the second electrode lead-out structure of the next-level battery unit is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire. Or, the second electrode lead-out structure of the battery unit is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire, and the first electrode lead-out structure of the next-level battery unit is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire;

[0024] Preferably, the number of the first bridge connection wires between adjacent battery units is at least one, preferably at least two;

[0025] Preferably, the first bridge connection wire includes a first sub-bridge connection wire and a second sub-bridge connection wire. The positive projection of the first sub-bridge connection wire on the substrate is arc-shaped, and the positive projection of the second sub-bridge connection wire on the substrate is arc-shaped. The arc opening of the positive projection of the first sub-bridge connection wire faces the second sub-bridge connection wire, and the arc opening of the positive projection of the second sub-bridge connection wire faces the first sub-bridge connection wire;

[0026] Preferably, the substrate is located in the island region.

[0027] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0028] A first inorganic encapsulation layer, located on the side of the battery unit away from the substrate;

[0029] Preferably, along the direction parallel to the substrate, on both sides of the second electrode layer, first recessed portions are provided in the first inorganic encapsulation layer;

[0030] Preferably, it further includes: a dam, located on the side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate and on the side of the first recess away from the battery unit;

[0031] Preferably, it further includes: an organic encapsulation layer, located on the side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate and on the side of the dam close to the first recess;

[0032] Preferably, on the side of the dam away from the first recess, a second recess is provided in the first inorganic encapsulation layer;

[0033] Preferably, it further includes: a second inorganic encapsulation layer, located on the side of the organic encapsulation layer away from the substrate and covering the first inorganic encapsulation layer;

[0034] Preferably, the orthographic projection of the first inorganic encapsulation layer and / or the second inorganic encapsulation layer on the substrate is circular or regular polygon.

[0035] In one embodiment, it further includes: a battery unit defining layer, located on one side of the substrate. The battery unit defining layer includes a plurality of openings, and the functional layer is located in the openings;

[0036] Preferably, the second electrode layer is located on the side of the battery unit defining layer away from the substrate;

[0037] Preferably, it further includes: a buffer layer, located between the battery unit defining layer and the substrate;

[0038] Preferably, in the battery unit defining layer corresponding to the second recess, there is a first through groove. The first inorganic encapsulation layer covers the surface of the battery unit defining layer close to the first through groove, and the first inorganic encapsulation layer contacts the surface of the buffer layer away from the substrate;

[0039] Preferably, it further includes: a flat layer, located between the buffer layer and the battery unit defining layer;

[0040] Preferably, in the flat layer corresponding to the second recess, there is a second through groove. The second through groove is correspondingly arranged with the first through groove. The first inorganic encapsulation layer covers the surface of the battery unit defining layer close to the first through groove and the surface of the flat layer close to the second through groove, and the first inorganic encapsulation layer contacts the surface of the buffer layer away from the substrate.

[0041] In one embodiment, the solar cell module further includes:

[0042] A second bridge connection wire, located in the bridge area;

[0043] A gating circuit substrate, located on the side of the substrate close to the battery unit. The gating circuit substrate is electrically connected to the second bridge connection wire; and the gating circuit substrate is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer;

[0044] Preferably, the number of the second bridge connection lines between adjacent battery cells is at least one, preferably at least two;

[0045] Preferably, the second bridge connection line includes a third sub-bridge connection line and a fourth sub-bridge connection line. The orthographic projection of the third sub-bridge connection line on the substrate is arc-shaped, and the orthographic projection of the fourth sub-bridge connection line on the substrate is arc-shaped. The arc opening of the orthographic projection of the third sub-bridge connection line faces the fourth sub-bridge connection line, and the arc opening of the orthographic projection of the fourth sub-bridge connection line faces the third sub-bridge connection line;

[0046] Preferably, the first bridge connection line electrically connected to the first electrode lead-out structure of a battery cell extends along a first direction; the second bridge connection line between a battery cell and an adjacent battery cell extends along a second direction, and the first direction intersects the second direction; or,

[0047] The first bridge connection line electrically connected to the second electrode lead-out structure of a battery cell extends along a first direction; the second bridge connection line between a battery cell and an adjacent battery cell extends along a second direction, and the first direction intersects the second direction;

[0048] Preferably, the substrate is located in the island region.

[0049] In one embodiment, it further includes: a buffer layer located on the side of the substrate close to the battery cell, and the buffer layer includes an inorganic layer;

[0050] Preferably, the buffer layer includes multiple inorganic layers stacked;

[0051] Preferably, the materials of adjacent inorganic layers are different;

[0052] Preferably, the inorganic layer includes a first inorganic layer and a second inorganic layer, and the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer are alternately arranged in sequence, and the refractive index of the first inorganic layer is lower than that of the second inorganic layer;

[0053] Preferably, the material of the inorganic layer includes at least one of silicon nitride, silicon oxide, and silicon oxynitride;

[0054] Preferably, the functional layer has scattering particles.

[0055] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0056] A flexible layer located on the side of the substrate away from the battery cell, and / or, located on the side of the battery cell away from the substrate;

[0057] Preferably, it further includes: an optical adhesive layer located between the flexible layer and the battery cell, and / or, located between the substrate and the flexible layer;

[0058] Preferably, the orthographic projection of the optical adhesive layer on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the battery cell on the substrate, the orthographic projection of the first bridge connection line on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second bridge connection line on the substrate.

[0059] In a second aspect of the present application, a solar cell is provided, which includes the above-mentioned solar cell module.

[0060] In the solar cell module of the embodiment of the present application, the second electrode layer is led out through the electrode overlapping structure and the first electrode lead-out structure, which facilitates the electrical connection between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer among the battery cells. The structural design is flexible. When the solar cell module of the embodiment of the present application is used in a flexible solar cell, the connection manner between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer among the battery cells is simple, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the solar cell, and the stability of the solar cell is relatively strong. Description of the Drawings

[0061] Figure 1 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of a solar cell module in an embodiment of the present application.

[0062] Figure 2 In one embodiment Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module along the AA' direction in the embodiment.

[0063] Figure 3 In one embodiment Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module along the BB' direction in the embodiment.

[0064] Figure 4 In another embodiment Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module along the AA' direction in the embodiment.

[0065] Figure 5 In another embodiment Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module along the AA' direction in the embodiment.

[0066] Figure 6 In another embodiment Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module along the AA' direction in the embodiment.

[0067] Figure 7 In another embodiment Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module along the AA' direction in the embodiment.

[0068] Figure 8 In another embodiment Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module along the AA' direction in the embodiment.

[0069] Figure 9In another embodiment Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the solar cell module in the BB' direction.

[0070] Figure 10 In another embodiment Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the solar cell module in the AA' direction.

[0071] Figure 11 In another embodiment Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the solar cell module in the BB' direction.

[0072] Figure 12 is a schematic top view structure diagram of the solar cell module in another embodiment of the present application.

[0073] Figure 13 is a schematic top view structure diagram of the solar cell module in another embodiment of the present application.

[0074] Figure 14 is a schematic side view structure diagram of the solar cell module in an embodiment of the present application.

[0075] Figure 15 is a schematic side view structure diagram of the solar cell module in another embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0076] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0077] In addition, for better illustration of the present application, numerous specific details are given in the following detailed implementation manners. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application can be implemented without some specific details. In some instances, methods and means well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail to highlight the gist of the present application.

[0078] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0079] Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0080] The first aspect of the present application provides a solar cell module. Refer toFigures 1 to 3 Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. The solar cell module includes: a substrate 100; at least one battery unit 200 located on one side of the substrate 100. The battery unit 200 includes: a first electrode layer 210 located on one side of the substrate 100; a functional layer 220 located on the side of the first electrode layer 210 away from the substrate 100; a second electrode layer 230 located on the side of the functional layer 220 away from the substrate 100; an electrode overlapping structure 300 electrically connected to the second electrode layer 230 and extending towards the substrate 100; and a first electrode lead-out structure 400 electrically connected to the electrode overlapping structure 300 and extending in a direction away from the first electrode layer 210.

[0081] It should be noted that the included angle between the extending direction of the electrode overlapping structure 300 towards the substrate 100 and the substrate 100 can be an obtuse angle, an acute angle or a right angle, as long as the electrode overlapping structure 300 can extend towards the substrate 100, and those skilled in the art can make a flexible choice according to the actual situation. Figure 1 In, the first electrode layer 210, the functional layer 220, the electrode overlapping structure 300, and part of the first electrode lead-out structure 400 are located on the side of the second electrode layer 230 close to the substrate and cannot be seen when looking down. In Figure 1 the invisible structures are drawn with dashed lines, which should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

[0082] It should be noted that the extending direction of the first electrode lead-out structure 400 can be a direction parallel to the substrate 100, or there can be a certain angle (such as an acute angle, etc.) with the direction parallel to the substrate 100.

[0083] It should be noted that in Figure 3 the schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown, the cross-sectional view along the BB' direction without the first electrode lead-out structure 400 is only one case, and it does not mean that the first electrode lead-out structure 400 is not provided in the cross-sectional view of the solar cell module along the BB' direction. Those skilled in the art can set the first electrode lead-out structure 400 in different cross-sectional directions according to the actual situation.

[0084] It should be noted that in Figure 3 the schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown, the cross-sectional view along the BB' direction containing the electrode overlapping structure 300 is only one case, and it does not mean that the electrode overlapping structure 300 is provided in all cross-sectional views of the solar cell module along the BB' direction. Those skilled in the art can set the electrode overlapping structure 300 in different cross-sectional directions according to the actual situation. Exemplarily, the electrode overlapping structure 300 can be correspondingly arranged with the first electrode lead-out structure 400.

[0085] In the solar cell module of the embodiment of the present application, the second electrode layer is led out through the electrode overlapping structure and the first electrode lead-out structure, which facilitates the electrical connection between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer among the battery units. The structural design is flexible. When the solar cell module of the embodiment of the present application is used in a flexible solar cell, the connection mode between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer among the battery units is simple, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the solar cell. At the same time, leading out the second electrode layer through the electrode overlapping structure and the first electrode lead-out structure can also prevent the second electrode layer from being exposed, resulting in a very low probability of the second electrode layer being invaded by water and oxygen, and the stability of the solar cell is relatively strong.

[0086] In one embodiment, the first electrode lead-out structure 400 is disposed on the same layer as the first electrode layer 210. Thus, the first electrode lead-out structure 400 and the first electrode layer 210 can be prepared by one-step process, and the first electrode lead-out structure 400 and the first electrode layer 210 are on the same plane, which is beneficial to the electrical connection between the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 230 among the battery units 200.

[0087] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 2 the schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown, the positive projection of the electrode overlapping structure 300 on the substrate 100 at least partially surrounds the battery unit 200, and the positive projection of the electrode overlapping structure 300 on the substrate 100 does not overlap with the positive projection of the first electrode layer 210 on the substrate 100. Thus, the setting of the electrode overlapping structure 300 facilitates the extraction of the current in the second electrode layer 230.

[0088] In one embodiment, the positive projection of the functional layer 220 on the substrate is circular or regular polygon. Thus, the film thickness on the outer peripheral side of the functional layer is the same, and the overall film quality is more uniform. When the solar cell module deforms, the stress hardly concentrates, and the anti-bending ability is relatively strong.

[0089] In one embodiment, the functional layer has scattering particles. When light enters the functional layer, the scattering particles extend the optical path of the light, enabling the light to be fully absorbed by the functional layer, improving the absorption efficiency, and further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0090] It can be understood that the functional layer includes a first transport layer, an active material layer, and a second transport layer which are stacked. One of the first transport layer and the second transport layer is an electron transport layer, and the other is a hole transport layer. The active material layer can be a perovskite layer.

[0091] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the first electrode layer on the substrate is circular or regular polygon, and the orthographic projection of the second electrode layer on the substrate is circular or regular polygon. Thus, it is adapted to the shape of the functional layer, facilitating fabrication, and the film thickness of the outer sides of each film layer is the same, with the overall film quality being more uniform. When the solar cell module is deformed, stress hardly concentrates, and the anti-bending ability is relatively strong.

[0092] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the electrode overlapping structure on the substrate is arc-shaped. Thus, it is adapted to the shapes of the functional layer, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, facilitating fabrication, and conducive to relieving the stress when the solar cell module is deformed.

[0093] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 4 the structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module shown, the battery unit further includes a second electrode lead-out structure 500, which is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 210 and extends along the direction away from the electrode overlapping structure 300. Thus, it is convenient to lead out the current in the first electrode layer 210, and further simplifies the electrical connection mode between the first electrode layer 210 and the second electrode layer 230 among battery units.

[0094] In one embodiment, the first electrode lead-out structure, the first electrode layer and the second electrode lead-out structure are made of the same material. Thus, the first electrode lead-out structure, the first electrode layer and the second electrode lead-out structure can be obtained through one-step fabrication, simplifying the fabrication process, and the first electrode lead-out structure, the first electrode layer and the second electrode lead-out structure are in the same plane, further simplifying the electrical connection mode between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer among battery units.

[0095] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 5 the structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module shown, the solar cell module further includes: a first inorganic encapsulation layer 610, which is located on the side of the battery unit 200 away from the substrate 100. Thus, it is conducive to isolating water and oxygen and prolonging the service life of the solar cell module.

[0096] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 5 the structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module shown, along the direction parallel to the substrate 100, on both sides of the second electrode layer 230, first recessed portions 611 are provided in the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610. Thus, when filling film layers subsequently, such as filling an organic encapsulation layer, it is conducive to the leveling of the liquid organic material, and meanwhile has a buffering effect, preventing overflow, and is conducive to improving the encapsulation effect.

[0097] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 6Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. The solar cell module further includes: a dam 620, located on the side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 away from the substrate 100 and on the side of the first recess 611 away from the battery cell 200. Thus, when filling the film layer subsequently, for example, when filling the organic encapsulation layer, it is beneficial to block the overflow of the organic encapsulation layer and improve the encapsulation effect.

[0098] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 6 Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. The solar cell module further includes: an organic encapsulation layer 630, located on the side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 away from the substrate 100 and on the side of the dam 620 close to the first recess 611. Thus, the organic encapsulation layer is relatively dense, and has strong leveling property and flexibility. While improving the encapsulation effect, it is beneficial to improve the anti-bending or anti-deformation performance of the solar cell module.

[0099] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the functional layer on the substrate is circular or regular polygon, which helps the liquid organic material to flow evenly in all directions when preparing the organic encapsulation layer and improves the overall film quality.

[0100] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. On the side of the dam 620 away from the first recess 611, a second recess 612 is provided in the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610. Thus, it is beneficial to increase the encapsulation area of the first inorganic encapsulation layer and improve the encapsulation effect.

[0101] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. The solar cell module further includes: a second inorganic encapsulation layer 640, located on the side of the organic encapsulation layer 630 away from the substrate 100 and covering the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610. Thus, the encapsulation effect is further improved, and the risk of water and oxygen eroding the battery cell is further reduced.

[0102] Exemplarily, the orthographic projection of the first inorganic encapsulation layer and / or the second inorganic encapsulation layer on the substrate is circular or regular polygon. The film layers in the solar cell module are distributed relatively evenly, which is beneficial to alleviate the problem of stress concentration.

[0103] It can be understood that in the solar cell module of the embodiment of the present application, the first inorganic encapsulation layer, the organic encapsulation layer and the second inorganic encapsulation layer are sequentially stacked on the side of the second electrode layer away from the substrate, which is beneficial to improve the encapsulation reliability of the battery cell and the wiring, and is also beneficial to reduce the overall thickness and weight of the battery, making the solar cell module lighter and easier to carry.

[0104] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 5Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. The solar cell module further includes: a cell unit defining layer 700 located on one side of the substrate 100. The cell unit defining layer 700 includes a plurality of openings, and the functional layer 220 is located in the openings. Thus, it is beneficial to improve the stability of the cell unit, and further improve the anti-bending performance and the ability to cope with deformation of the solar cell module. Exemplarily, referring to Figure 5 , the second electrode layer 230 is located on the side of the cell unit defining layer 700 away from the substrate 100.

[0105] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. The solar cell module further includes: a buffer layer 800 located between the cell unit defining layer 700 and the substrate 100. Thus, when subjected to deformation (such as tensile deformation), part of the stress can be buffered, and the stability of the solar cell module is improved.

[0106] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 9 Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. In the cell unit defining layer 700 corresponding to the second recess 612, there is a first through groove 710. The first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 covers the surface of the cell unit defining layer 700 close to the first through groove 710, and the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 is in contact with the surface of the buffer layer 800 away from the substrate 100. Thus, the first inorganic encapsulation layer is in contact with the buffer layer, which is beneficial to protecting the wiring (such as the first electrode lead-out structure, the second electrode lead-out structure, etc.) and the cell unit, and at the same time achieving a better encapsulation effect.

[0107] It can be understood that there may also be a first through groove (not shown in the figure) in the cell unit defining layer 700 corresponding to the first recess 611. The first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 covers the surface of the cell unit defining layer 700 close to the first through groove, and the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 is in contact with the surface of the buffer layer 800 away from the substrate 100. Thus, the first inorganic encapsulation layer is further in contact with the buffer layer, which is beneficial to protecting the wiring (such as the first electrode lead-out structure, the second electrode lead-out structure, etc.) and the cell unit, and at the same time achieving a better encapsulation effect.

[0108] It can be understood that when the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 is in contact with the surface of the buffer layer 800 away from the substrate 100, the second recess 612 penetrates through the cell unit defining layer 700. It can be understood that referring to Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. In the cell unit defining layer 700 corresponding to the first electrode lead-out structure 400 and the second electrode lead-out structure 500, no first through groove is provided. At this time, the second recess 612 does not penetrate through the cell unit defining layer 700, and the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 is not in contact with the buffer layer 800.

[0109] In one embodiment, referring toFigure 10 and Figure 11 The schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown, the solar cell module further includes a flat layer 900, which is located between the buffer layer 800 and the cell defining layer 700. It can be understood that when the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 contacts the surface of the buffer layer 800 away from the substrate 100, a second through groove 910 is formed in the flat layer 900, and the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 covers the surface of the flat layer 900 close to the second through groove 910, and the second through groove 910 is correspondingly arranged with the first through groove 710. Thus, the first inorganic encapsulation layer 610 located on the surface of the flat layer 900 close to the second through groove, the surface of the cell defining layer 700 close to the first through groove 710, and the surface of the buffer layer 800 away from the substrate 100 enclose a second recess 612.

[0110] It can be understood that a second through groove (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the first recess 611 can also be formed in the flat layer 900. Thus, the first inorganic encapsulation layer further contacts the buffer layer, which is beneficial to protecting the wiring (such as the first electrode lead-out structure, the second electrode lead-out structure, etc.) and the cell, and at the same time achieving a better encapsulation effect.

[0111] In one embodiment, the buffer layer includes an inorganic layer. Specifically, the buffer layer includes multiple inorganic layers stacked on top of each other, and the materials of adjacent inorganic layers are different. Exemplarily, the inorganic layer includes a first inorganic layer and a second inorganic layer, the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer are alternately arranged in sequence, and the refractive index of the first inorganic layer is lower than that of the second inorganic layer. Thus, a Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) effect can be formed in the buffer layer, selectively transmitting the light with high absorption rate of the functional layer, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0112] In a specific embodiment, the material of the inorganic layer includes silicon nitride or silicon oxide. Exemplarily, the refractive index of silicon nitride is 2.8, the refractive index of silicon oxide is 1.45 to 1.46, the refractive index of silicon nitride is greater than that of silicon oxide, and silicon nitride and silicon oxide are alternately arranged in sequence, which is beneficial to forming the DBR effect, selectively transmitting the light with high absorption rate of the functional layer, and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0113] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 12Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. The solar cell module includes an island region 10 and a bridge region 20. The solar cell module further includes a first bridge connection wire 1000. The battery unit 200 is located in the island region 10, and the first bridge connection wire 1000 is located in the bridge region 20. The number of battery units 200 is at least two. The first electrode lead-out structure 400 of the battery unit 200 is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire 1000, and the second electrode lead-out structure 500 of the next-level battery unit 200 is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire 1000. Or, the second electrode lead-out structure 500 of the battery unit 200 is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire 1000, and the first electrode lead-out structure 400 of the next-level battery unit 200 is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire 1000. Thus, series connection between the battery units 200 can be achieved, and it is beneficial to realize a stretchable and deformable solar cell module. It should be noted that the current flows from one battery unit 200 to the next-level battery unit 200.

[0114] In one embodiment, among adjacent battery units 200, the first electrode lead-out structure 400 of the battery unit 200 is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire 1000, and the second electrode lead-out structure 500 of the next-level battery unit 200 is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire 1000. Or, the second electrode lead-out structure 500 of the battery unit 200 is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire 1000, and the first electrode lead-out structure 400 of the next-level battery unit 200 is electrically connected to the first bridge connection wire 1000. Thus, adjacent battery units are connected in series, which is beneficial to reducing the wire routing length between the battery units, reducing the resistance, and improving the PCE efficiency of the solar cell module.

[0115] Exemplarily, the battery units 200 are connected in series with each other.

[0116] In one embodiment, the number of the first bridge connection wires 1000 between adjacent battery units 200 is at least one. In a preferred embodiment, the number of the first bridge connection wires 1000 between adjacent battery units 200 is at least two. Thus, when one of the first bridge connection wires is broken, the problematic first bridge connection wire can be avoided, the normal flow of current can be ensured, and the yield of the solar cell module can be improved; the structural stability and service life of the solar cell module during dynamic deformation can be increased.

[0117] In one embodiment, refer to Figure 12Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. The first bridge connection line 1000 includes a first sub-bridge connection line 1010 and a second sub-bridge connection line 1020. The orthographic projection of the first sub-bridge connection line 1010 on the substrate 100 is arc-shaped, and the orthographic projection of the second sub-bridge connection line 1020 on the substrate 100 is arc-shaped. The arc opening of the orthographic projection of the first sub-bridge connection line 1010 faces the second sub-bridge connection line 1020, and the arc opening of the orthographic projection of the second sub-bridge connection line 1020 faces the first sub-bridge connection line 1010. Thus, the structure of the first bridge connection line 1000 is relatively stable, and it is beneficial to set the lengths of the relatively long first sub-bridge connection line 1010 and the second sub-bridge connection line 1020, improving the elongation rate of the solar cell module.

[0118] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 13 Schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown. The solar cell module further includes: a second bridge connection line 1100, located in the bridge area 20; a gating circuit substrate (not shown in the figure), located on the side of the substrate 100 close to the battery unit 200, and the gating circuit substrate is electrically connected to the second bridge connection line 1100; and the gating circuit substrate is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 210 and / or the second electrode layer 230. Thus, when all the first bridge connection lines 1000 between adjacent battery units 200 are broken, the gating circuit substrate can be used to gate whether the second bridge connection line 1100 is electrically connected to the first electrode layer 210 and / or the second electrode layer 230, and the current is led out through the second bridge connection line 1100 to other battery units for current flow, flexibly controlling the current flow in the series circuit and improving the yield of the solar cell module.

[0119] It can be understood that the gating circuit substrate can be at any film layer position close to the battery unit on the substrate. For example, it can be between the substrate and the buffer layer, or it can be located between the buffer layer and the flat layer, and can be specifically selected according to the actual situation.

[0120] It can be understood that the electrical connection between the gating circuit substrate and the first electrode layer 210 and / or the second electrode layer 230 can be achieved through vias and wires, and the electrical connection between the gating circuit substrate and the second jumper wire 1100 can also be achieved through vias and wires. The gating circuit substrate can selectively electrically connect the second jumper wire 1100 and the first electrode layer 210 or the second jumper wire 1100 and the second electrode layer 230. Exemplarily, in a series circuit, when all the first jumper wires between adjacent battery cells are broken, at this time, the current cannot flow normally. The gating circuit substrate selectively conducts the first electrode layer of the selected battery cell and the second jumper wire, or the gating circuit substrate selectively conducts the second electrode layer of the selected battery cell and the second jumper wire, ensuring that the current can bypass the damaged first jumper wire and continue to flow. It should be noted that the selected battery cell can be any battery cell. For example, it can be a battery cell connected to the damaged first jumper wire, or a battery cell not connected to the damaged first jumper wire, as long as the current can continue to flow, and those skilled in the art can make a flexible choice according to the actual situation.

[0121] In one embodiment, the number of second jumper wires between adjacent battery cells is at least one, preferably at least two. In one embodiment, referring to Figure 13 the structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module shown, the second jumper wire 1100 includes a third sub-jumper wire 1110 and a fourth sub-jumper wire 1120. The orthographic projection of the third sub-jumper wire 1110 on the substrate 100 is arc-shaped, and the orthographic projection of the fourth sub-jumper wire 1120 on the substrate 100 is arc-shaped. The arc opening of the orthographic projection of the third sub-jumper wire 1110 faces the fourth sub-jumper wire 1120, and the arc opening of the orthographic projection of the fourth sub-jumper wire 1120 faces the third sub-jumper wire 1110. Thus, the structure of the second jumper wire 1100 is relatively stable, and it is beneficial to set the lengths of the relatively long third sub-jumper wire 1110 and the fourth sub-jumper wire 1120, improving the elongation rate of the solar cell module.

[0122] In one embodiment, the first jumper wire electrically connected to the first electrode lead-out structure of a battery cell extends along a first direction; the second jumper wire between a battery cell and an adjacent battery cell extends along a second direction, and the first direction intersects the second direction. It can be understood that the included angle between the first direction and the second direction can be an acute angle, an obtuse angle, or a right angle, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the included angle between the first direction and the second direction is a right angle. Thus, the structure of the solar cell module is more stable, and the stress distribution is more uniform during flexible deformation.

[0123] In another embodiment, a first bridge connection wire electrically connected to a second electrode lead-out structure of a battery cell extends along a first direction; a second bridge connection wire between a battery cell and an adjacent battery cell extends along a second direction, and the first direction intersects with the second direction. It can be understood that the included angle between the first direction and the second direction can be an acute angle, an obtuse angle, a right angle, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the included angle between the first direction and the second direction is a right angle. Thus, the structure of the solar cell module is more stable, and the stress distribution is more uniform when undergoing flexible deformation.

[0124] In a specific embodiment, the substrate is located in the island region, and no substrate is provided in the bridge region. Correspondingly, the planar layer, the buffer layer, and the battery cell defining layer located between the substrate and the battery cell are also located in the island region. There are no other film layers on the side of the first bridge connection wire and the second bridge connection wire close to the substrate, and there are no other film layers on the side of the first bridge connection wire and the second bridge connection wire far from the substrate. Thus, the first bridge connection wire and the second bridge connection wire are more likely to deform, making it easier for the battery to deform, and multi-dimensional torsional deformation (such as stretching, folding, etc. operations) can be achieved.

[0125] In an embodiment, the number of battery cells is multiple, for example, it can be 3, 4, 7, 9, etc. The arrangement of the battery cells can be in a row or a column, or can be arranged along the first direction and the second direction respectively. The included angle between the first direction and the second direction can be an acute angle, an obtuse angle, a right angle, etc.

[0126] In a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 13 the structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module shown, the number of battery cells 200 is 9, arranged in a 3*3 array. Four first bridge connection wires 1000 and four second bridge connection wires 1100 are provided on the outer periphery of the battery cell located at the central position. The first bridge connection wires 1000 are respectively located at both ends of the battery cell 200 along the row direction, and the second bridge connection wires are respectively located at both ends of the battery cell 200 along the column direction. The number of the first bridge connection wires 1000 and the second bridge connection wires 1100 provided on the peripheries of the remaining battery cells located on the periphery is selected according to the actual situation. It should be noted that Figure 13 This is only used to explain the solar cell module of the embodiments of the present application and should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0127] In an embodiment, referring to Figure 14 the structural schematic diagram of the solar cell module shown, the solar cell module further includes a flexible layer 30, located on the side of the substrate 100 away from the battery cell 200, and / or, located on the side of the battery cell 200 away from the substrate 100. Exemplarily, the flexible layer is located on the side of the substrate away from the battery cell, and on the side of the second inorganic encapsulation layer away from the battery cell. It should be noted that Figure 14Structures such as the first encapsulation layer, dam, organic encapsulation layer, and second encapsulation layer are not shown, which is only for illustration and should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

[0128] Exemplarily, the material of the flexible layer includes, but is not limited to, polydimethylsiloxane. The flexible layer has a better elastic deformation effect, which is beneficial to realizing the overall stretching deformation function of the solar cell module, and at the same time has a certain protective effect on the battery unit.

[0129] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 15 the schematic structural diagram of the solar cell module shown, the solar cell module further includes: an optical adhesive layer 40, located between the flexible layer 30 and the battery unit 200, and / or, located between the substrate 100 and the flexible layer 30. Exemplarily, the optical adhesive layer 40 is located between the flexible layer 30 and the second inorganic encapsulation layer 640, and between the substrate 100 and the flexible layer 30. Thus, the optical adhesive layer has a certain protective effect on the battery unit and is beneficial to realizing the stretching deformation function of the solar cell module. It should be noted that Figure 14 Structures such as the first encapsulation layer, dam, organic encapsulation layer, and second encapsulation layer are not shown, which is only for illustration and should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

[0130] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the optical adhesive layer 40 on the substrate 100 covers the orthographic projection of the battery unit 200 on the substrate 100, the orthographic projection of the first bridge connection line 1000 on the substrate 100, and the orthographic projection of the second bridge connection line 1100 on the substrate 100. Thus, the optical adhesive layer and the flexible layer have a better protective effect on the battery unit, the first bridge connection line, and the second bridge connection line, and are beneficial to realizing the stretching deformation function of the solar cell module.

[0131] Exemplarily, the flexible layer and the optical adhesive layer are light-transmissive.

[0132] In the second aspect of this application, a solar cell is provided, and this solar cell includes the above-mentioned solar cell module.

[0133] It should be noted that in addition to including the above-mentioned solar cell module, the solar cell may further include structures that a conventional solar cell should have, such as a housing, etc., which will not be elaborated here too much.

[0134] It should be noted that the solar cell in the embodiments of this application has a wide range of application scenarios, such as including, but not limited to, wearable products, stretchable deformation products, etc.

[0135] The basic principles of the present application have been described above in connection with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples and not limitations, and it cannot be considered that these advantages, benefits, effects, etc. are essential for each embodiment of the present application. Additionally, the specific details disclosed above are only for the purposes of illustration and easy understanding, and not limitations. These details do not limit the present application to necessarily implementing with the above specific details.

[0136] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. In addition, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the forms disclosed herein. Although multiple example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub - combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A solar cell module, characterized in that, Comprising: A substrate; At least one battery cell located on one side of the substrate, the battery cell comprising: A first electrode layer located on one side of the substrate; A functional layer located on the side of the first electrode layer away from the substrate; A second electrode layer located on the side of the functional layer away from the substrate; An electrode overlapping structure electrically connected to the second electrode layer and extending towards the substrate; A first electrode lead-out structure electrically connected to the electrode overlapping structure and extending in a direction away from the first electrode layer.

2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein, The first electrode lead-out structure is provided on the same layer as the first electrode layer.

3. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive projection of the electrode overlapping structure on the substrate at least partially surrounds the battery cell, and the positive projection of the electrode overlapping structure on the substrate does not overlap with the positive projection of the first electrode layer on the substrate.

4. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive projection of the functional layer on the substrate is circular or regular polygon.

5. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that The positive projection of the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer on the substrate is circular or regular polygon.

6. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein The positive projection of the electrode overlapping structure on the substrate is arc-shaped.

7. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell further includes a second electrode lead-out structure electrically connected to the first electrode layer and extending in a direction away from the electrode overlapping structure.

8. The solar cell module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first electrode lead-out structure, the first electrode layer and the second electrode lead-out structure are made of the same material.

9. The solar cell module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The solar cell module includes an island region and a bridge region, and the solar cell module further includes a first bridge connection line. The battery cell is located in the island region, and the first bridge connection line is located in the bridge region.

10. The solar cell module according to claim 9, wherein, The number of the battery cells is at least two. The first electrode lead-out structure of the battery cell is electrically connected to the first bridge connection line, and the second electrode lead-out structure of the next-level battery cell is electrically connected to the first bridge connection line. Or, the second electrode lead-out structure of the battery cell is electrically connected to the first bridge connection line, and the first electrode lead-out structure of the next-level battery cell is electrically connected to the first bridge connection line.

11. The solar cell module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The battery cells are connected in series.

12. The solar cell module according to claim 9, characterized in that, Among adjacent battery cells, the first electrode lead-out structure of the battery cell is electrically connected to the first bridge connection line, and the second electrode lead-out structure of the next-level battery cell is electrically connected to the first bridge connection line. Or, the second electrode lead-out structure of the battery cell is electrically connected to the first bridge connection line, and the first electrode lead-out structure of the next-level battery cell is electrically connected to the first bridge connection line.

13. The solar cell module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The number of the first bridge connection lines between adjacent battery cells is at least one.

14. The solar cell module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first bridge connection line includes a first sub-bridge connection line and a second sub-bridge connection line. The positive projection of the first sub-bridge connection line on the substrate is arc-shaped, and the positive projection of the second sub-bridge connection line on the substrate is arc-shaped. The arc opening of the positive projection of the first sub-bridge connection line faces the second sub-bridge connection line, and the arc opening of the positive projection of the second sub-bridge connection line faces the first sub-bridge connection line.

15. The solar cell module according to claim 9, wherein, The substrate is located in the island region.

16. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that Further comprising: A first inorganic encapsulation layer located on the side of the battery cell away from the substrate.

17. The solar cell module according to claim 16, wherein, Along the direction parallel to the substrate, first recessed portions are provided in the first inorganic encapsulation layer on both sides of the second electrode layer.

18. The solar cell module according to claim 17, wherein, Further comprising: The dam is located on the side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate and on the side of the first recess away from the battery unit.

19. The solar cell module according to claim 18, wherein, It further includes: An organic encapsulation layer, which is located on the side of the first inorganic encapsulation layer away from the substrate and on the side of the dam close to the first recess.

20. The solar cell module according to claim 18, characterized in that, On the side of the dam away from the first recess, a second recess is provided in the first inorganic encapsulation layer.

21. The solar cell module according to claim 19, wherein, It further includes: A second inorganic encapsulation layer, which is located on the side of the organic encapsulation layer away from the substrate and covers the first inorganic encapsulation layer.

22. The solar cell module according to claim 21, wherein, The orthographic projection of the first inorganic encapsulation layer and / or the second inorganic encapsulation layer on the substrate is circular or regular polygon.

23. The solar cell module according to claim 20, wherein, It further includes: A battery unit defining layer, which is located on one side of the substrate. The battery unit defining layer includes a plurality of openings, and the functional layer is located in the openings.

24. The solar cell module according to claim 23, wherein, The second electrode layer is located on the side of the battery unit defining layer away from the substrate.

25. The solar cell module according to claim 23, wherein, It further includes: A buffer layer, which is located between the battery unit defining layer and the substrate.

26. The solar cell module according to claim 25, wherein In the battery unit defining layer corresponding to the second recess, there is a first through groove. The first inorganic encapsulation layer covers the surface of the battery unit defining layer close to the first through groove, and the first inorganic encapsulation layer is in contact with the surface of the buffer layer away from the substrate.

27. The solar cell module according to claim 26, wherein, It further includes: A planarizing layer, which is located between the buffer layer and the battery unit defining layer.

28. The solar cell module according to claim 27, wherein In the planarizing layer corresponding to the second recess, there is a second through groove. The second through groove is arranged corresponding to the first through groove. The first inorganic encapsulation layer covers the surface of the battery unit defining layer close to the first through groove and the surface of the planarizing layer close to the second through groove, and the first inorganic encapsulation layer is in contact with the surface of the buffer layer away from the substrate.

29. The solar cell module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The solar cell module further includes: A second bridge connection line, which is located in the bridge area; A gating circuit substrate, which is located on the side of the substrate close to the battery unit. The gating circuit substrate is electrically connected to the second bridge connection line; and the gating circuit substrate is electrically connected to the first electrode layer and / or the second electrode layer.

30. The solar cell module according to claim 29, characterized in that, The number of the second bridge connection lines between adjacent battery units is at least one.

31. The solar cell module according to claim 29, wherein, The second bridge connection line includes a third sub-bridge connection line and a fourth sub-bridge connection line. The orthographic projection of the third sub-bridge connection line on the substrate is arc-shaped, and the orthographic projection of the fourth sub-bridge connection line on the substrate is arc-shaped. The arc opening of the orthographic projection of the third sub-bridge connection line faces the fourth sub-bridge connection line, and the arc opening of the orthographic projection of the fourth sub-bridge connection line faces the third sub-bridge connection line.

32. The solar cell module according to claim 29, characterized in that, The first bridge connection line electrically connected to the first electrode lead-out structure of a battery unit extends along a first direction; the second bridge connection line between a battery unit and an adjacent battery unit extends along a second direction, and the first direction intersects with the second direction; or, The first bridge connection line electrically connected to the second electrode lead-out structure of a battery unit extends along a first direction; the second bridge connection line between a battery unit and an adjacent battery unit extends along a second direction, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

33. The solar cell module according to claim 29, wherein, The substrate is located in the island region.

34. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further included are: A buffer layer located on the side of the substrate close to the battery cell, the buffer layer including an inorganic layer.

35. The solar cell module according to claim 34, wherein, The buffer layer includes multiple inorganic layers stacked on top of each other.

36. The solar cell module according to claim 35, characterized in that, The materials of adjacent inorganic layers are different.

37. The solar cell module according to claim 35, wherein, The inorganic layer includes a first inorganic layer and a second inorganic layer, the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer are alternately arranged in sequence, and the refractive index of the first inorganic layer is lower than that of the second inorganic layer.

38. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein, The functional layer has scattering particles.

39. The solar cell module according to claim 29, wherein, Further included are: A flexible layer located on the side of the substrate away from the battery cell, and / or on the side of the battery cell away from the substrate.

40. The solar cell module according to claim 39, characterized in that, Further included are: An optical adhesive layer located between the flexible layer and the battery cell, and / or between the substrate and the flexible layer.

41. The solar cell module according to claim 40, wherein, The orthographic projection of the optical adhesive layer on the substrate covers the orthographic projection of the battery cell on the substrate, the orthographic projection of the first bridge connection line on the substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second bridge connection line on the substrate.

42. A solar cell, characterized in that, Including the solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 41.

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