Electric wide-body vehicle and thermal management system thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to a thermal management system, in particular to an electric wide-body vehicle and a thermal management system thereof, and the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle comprises a cab air-conditioning system, a power battery, a heat exchanger and a brake resistor electrically connected with an electrical system, a refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with an expansion valve and then is connected to a refrigerant circulation loop of a cab air conditioning system; the brake resistor is arranged in a cooling liquid flow channel in the heat exchanger; and a cooling liquid flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with a liquid cooling flow channel of the battery liquid cooling pump and a liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery to form a battery liquid cooling circulation loop. According to the utility model, the brake resistor is arranged in the cooling liquid flow channel of the heat exchanger, the power battery is heated at the initial stage of starting of the vehicle, or the brake resistor is used for heating of an air conditioner, electric energy generated by braking of a motor is consumed by braking and is fully utilized, and the utilization rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a thermal management system, and more specifically to an electric wide-body vehicle and a thermal management system thereof. Background Art

[0002] A wide-body mining dump truck refers to a dump truck that has been widened and strengthened with a frame, carriage, and suspension to meet the transportation needs of mining areas or other special places. It is referred to as a wide-body truck. It is a heavy-duty transport machinery used in open-pit mines to complete rock and earth stripping and ore transportation tasks. Its working characteristics are short distance and heavy load. It is often loaded with a large excavator and travels back and forth between the mining site and the unloading site.

[0003] Electric wide-body vehicles are generally based on traditional wide-body vehicles, but they do not use diesel engines and use electric motors and lithium batteries as power. Electric wide-body vehicles can use the point braking function to brake the vehicle and recover energy and convert it into electrical energy for storage, but when its power battery is fully charged, the power battery cannot store the electrical energy generated by the motor's reverse drag. The electrical energy generated by the motor braking must be converted into heat through the braking resistor and consumed.

[0004] Electric wide-body vehicles work in mining areas and frequently go up and downhill during operation. In order to prevent the brake resistor from being damaged due to excessive temperature due to continuous heating, the electric wide-body vehicles need to be equipped with an independent cooling system to cool the brake resistor. This method cannot effectively utilize the heat generated by the brake resistor, resulting in a waste of energy. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an electric wide-body vehicle and a thermal management system thereof, so as to improve the heat utilization rate of the heating of the brake resistor and reduce the energy consumption of the whole vehicle.

[0006] The utility model provides a technical solution to achieve its purpose: a thermal management system for an electric wide-body vehicle, comprising a cab air conditioning system, a power battery, a heat exchanger, and a brake resistor electrically connected to the electrical system; the refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with an expansion valve and then connected to a refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air conditioning system;

[0007] The brake resistor is arranged in the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger; the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery to form a battery liquid cooling circulation loop.

[0008] In the utility model, the brake resistor is arranged in the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger, and the coolant can be used to enhance the heat dissipation of the brake resistor, avoiding the problem of excessively high temperature of the brake resistor when the brake resistor is used to brake the vehicle. The cab air conditioner and battery pack are heated by controlling the heat brought out.

[0009] When using a braking resistor to brake a vehicle, usually the power battery of the vehicle is fully charged. At this time, the discharge time of the power battery is short. If the vehicle operates in a cold environment, the temperature of the power battery is relatively low, possibly lower than the ideal discharge temperature range of the power battery. At this time, the heat generated by the braking resistor can be used to heat the power battery through the coolant, so that the power battery can quickly warm up to the ideal temperature at the initial stage of vehicle driving.

[0010] After the power battery continuously discharges, the stored power of the power battery decreases, and the temperature of the power battery rises due to continuous discharge. At this time, when the vehicle uses the drive motor for braking, the electric energy generated by the drive motor can be recovered and stored in the power battery, rather than being converted into heat energy and consumed through the braking resistor. At this time, the braking resistor basically does not generate heat, and the power battery can exchange heat through the oil cooler and the heat exchanger, and use the cab air conditioner to dissipate heat and cool down the power battery.

[0011] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the thermal management system further includes an electric liquid cooling system; at least one end of the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger after being connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump is connected to the liquid cooling radiator core in the electric liquid cooling system and the liquid cooling flow path of the power battery through a multi-way solenoid valve.

[0012] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the multi-way solenoid valve includes an inlet multi-way solenoid valve with an outlet end connected to the inlet end of the battery liquid cooling pump and / or an outlet multi-way solenoid valve with an inlet end connected to the outlet end of the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger.

[0013] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the electric liquid cooling system includes a controller, a motor, and an electric liquid cooling pump. The liquid cooling flow paths of the controller and the motor, the electric liquid cooling pump, and the liquid cooling radiator core are connected in series to form an electric liquid cooling circulation loop.

[0014] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the thermal management system further includes a one-way valve. One outlet of the outlet multi-way solenoid valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling radiator core in the electric liquid cooling system through the one-way valve.

[0015] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the pump port of the electric liquid cooling pump is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling radiator core.

[0016] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present invention, the liquid cooling flow paths of the controller and the motor are connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0017] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present utility model, a water heater is arranged in the evaporator of the cab air-conditioning system. The coolant inlet of the heating flow channel of the water heater is communicated with an outlet of the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve, and the coolant outlet of the heating flow channel of the water heater is communicated with an inlet of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve.

[0018] In the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle of the present utility model, a water heater can also be arranged in the evaporator of the cab air-conditioning system. The coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump, and both ends of the formed coolant flow channel are respectively communicated with the heating flow channel of the water heater and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery through multi-way solenoid valves.

[0019] The technical solution for the present utility model to achieve its purpose is: an electric wide-body vehicle having the aforementioned thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, in the present utility model, the braking resistor is arranged in the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger to heat up the power battery in the initial stage of vehicle startup or for air-conditioning heating. In addition to consuming the electric energy generated by the electric motor braking, it can also be fully utilized, improving the utilization rate. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle in Embodiment 2 of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle in Embodiment 3 of the present utility model.

[0024] Names and serial numbers of components in the figure:

[0025] Air-conditioning compressor 1, condenser 2, evaporator 3, evaporator core 31, water heater 32, first expansion valve 4, second expansion valve 5, battery liquid cooling pump 6, heat exchanger 7, braking resistor 8, liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9, power battery 10, liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11, controller and motor 12, electric liquid cooling pump 13, liquid cooling radiator core 14, three-way joint 15, check valve 16. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] The following describes the specific implementation manners in conjunction with the drawings.

[0027] Embodiment 1.

[0028] As Figure 1As shown, the thermal management system of the electric wide-body vehicle includes a cab air conditioning system, a power battery 10, a heat exchanger 7, and a brake resistor 8 electrically connected to the electrical system; the refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with the expansion valve and then connected to the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air conditioning system.

[0029] The brake resistor 8 is arranged in the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7; the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump 6 and the liquid cooling flow channel of the power battery 10 to form a battery liquid cooling circulation loop.

[0030] The electrical system includes a variety of controllers, motors, etc. The motors are used to drive the vehicle to move, drive hydraulic pumps, etc. The controllers include motor controllers and all-in-one controllers. The controller is used to control the start and braking of each motor. The braking resistor 8 is electrically connected to the controller. When the vehicle uses the travel motor to brake the vehicle, the travel motor generates electrical energy by reverse drag. When the SOC of the power battery 10 is less than a predetermined value, the electrical energy generated by the travel motor during braking can be stored in the power battery 10 for recovery. When the power battery is fully charged, the electrical energy generated by the travel motor during braking is consumed in the form of heat energy through the braking resistor 8.

[0031] The cab air conditioning system includes an air conditioning compressor 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, etc. The refrigerant flow channel of the evaporator core 31 in the evaporator 3 is connected in series with the first expansion valve 4, and the refrigerant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with the second expansion valve 5. The evaporator core 31 is connected in series with the first expansion valve 4 and then connected in parallel with the heat exchanger 7 and the second expansion valve 5 connected in series, and is connected with the condenser 2 and the air conditioning compressor 1 to form an air conditioning refrigerant circulation loop.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the power battery 10 is in a fully charged state and the vehicle uses the travel motor for motor braking, the electric energy generated by the travel motor needs to be consumed and converted into heat by the braking resistor 8. At this time, the cab air-conditioning system can be turned on and the first expansion valve 4 and the second expansion valve 5 can be controlled to allow the refrigerant to flow through the heat exchanger 7 to take away the heat generated by the braking resistor 8, so that the braking resistor 8 can be quickly cooled to avoid overheating damage.

[0033] If the vehicle is operating in a cold area with low ambient temperature, the power battery 10 has a low temperature due to the short discharge time in the early stage of the operation. At this time, the battery liquid cooling pump 6 can be started to allow the coolant heated by the brake resistor 8 to flow through the power battery 10, thereby heating the power battery 10 and rapidly raising the temperature of the power battery 10 to its operating temperature range, thereby realizing the reuse of the heat energy generated by the brake resistor 8.

[0034] When the braking resistor 8 does not consume the electric energy generated by the braking of the traveling motor, if the power battery 10 needs to be cooled, the battery liquid cooling pump 6 and the cab air conditioning system are started, driving the coolant to flow in the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger 7, the coolant flow path of the power battery 10, and the circulation loop formed by the battery liquid cooling pump 6, taking away the heat of the power battery 10 and promoting its cooling. The air conditioning system then takes away the heat of the coolant through the heat exchanger 7.

[0035] Optionally, a water heater 32 is provided in the evaporator 3, and the water heater 32 is connected to the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger 7 through a pipeline. As Figure 1 shown, a liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 is connected to the outlet of the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger 7, and a liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the inlet of the battery liquid cooling pump. Both the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 and the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 are three-way solenoid valves. The inlet of the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 is connected to the outlet of the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger 7, and the two outlet ports are respectively connected to the inlet of the heating flow path of the water heater 32 and the inlet of the cooling flow path of the power battery 10. The outlet of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the inlet of the battery liquid cooling pump 6, and the two inlet ports of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 are respectively connected to the outlet of the heating flow path of the water heater 32 and the outlet of the cooling flow path of the power battery 10. By controlling the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 and the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9, the heat generated by the braking resistor can be used to heat the cab.

[0036] In the above embodiment, one of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 and the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 can also be replaced by a three-way joint.

[0037] Embodiment 2.

[0038] As Figure 2 shown, the electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system includes a cab air conditioning system, a power battery 10, a heat exchanger 7, a braking resistor 8 electrically connected to the electrical system, and an electrical liquid cooling system; the refrigerant flow path of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with an expansion valve and then connected to the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air conditioning system.

[0039] The braking resistor 8 is arranged in the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger 7; the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump 6 and the liquid cooling flow path of the power battery 10 to form a battery liquid cooling circulation loop.

[0040] The electrical liquid cooling system includes a controller, a motor 12, and an electrical liquid cooling pump 9. The liquid cooling flow path of the controller and the liquid cooling flow path of the motor are connected in series and / or in parallel. The coolant flow paths of the controller and the motor 12, the electrical liquid cooling pump 13, and the liquid cooling radiator core 14 are connected to form a circulation loop of the electrical liquid cooling system, wherein the pump port of the electrical liquid cooling pump 13 is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling radiator core 14.

[0041] The controller includes a motor controller and an all-in-one unit, etc. The motor includes a driving motor for driving the vehicle to move, that is, for driving a hydraulic pump. The controller is used to control the start and brake of each motor. The braking resistor is electrically connected to the controller. When the vehicle brakes using the driving motor, the driving motor generates electric energy by reverse dragging. When the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery is less than a predetermined value, the electric energy generated by the braking of the driving motor can be stored in the power battery for recovery. When the power battery is fully charged, the electric energy generated by the braking of the driving motor is consumed in the form of heat through the braking resistor.

[0042] The cab air-conditioning system includes an air-conditioning compressor 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, etc. The refrigerant flow channel of the evaporator core in the evaporator 3 is connected in series with a first expansion valve 4, and the refrigerant flow channel of a heat exchanger 7 is connected in series with a second expansion valve 5. After being connected in series with the first expansion valve 4, the evaporator core is connected in parallel with the series-connected heat exchanger 7 and the second expansion valve 5, and is connected to the condenser 2 and the air-conditioning compressor 1 to form an air-conditioning refrigerant circulation loop.

[0043] A liquid-out multi-way solenoid valve 9 is connected to the outlet of the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7, and an inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the inlet of the battery liquid cooling pump 6. Both the inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 and the liquid-out multi-way solenoid valve 9 are three-way solenoid valves. The inlet of the liquid-out multi-way solenoid valve 9 is connected to the outlet of the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7. One of its liquid-out ports is communicated with the inlet of the cooling flow channel of the power battery 10, and the other liquid-out port is connected to a three-way joint 15 at the coolant inlet of a liquid cooling radiator core 14 through a check valve 16. This three-way joint 15 is also connected to the pump port of an electric liquid cooling pump 13.

[0044] The liquid-out port of the inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the inlet of the battery liquid cooling pump 6. One of its inlet ports is connected to the three-way joint 15 at the coolant outlet of the liquid cooling radiator core 14, and this three-way joint 15 is also connected to the inlets of the coolant flow channels of the controller and the motor 12. The other inlet port of the inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is connected to the coolant outlet of the power battery 10.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the power battery 10 is fully charged and the vehicle brakes the motor using the driving motor, the electric energy generated by the driving motor needs to be consumed through the braking resistor 8 and converted into heat. At this time, the cab air-conditioning system can be turned on and the first expansion valve 4 and the second expansion valve 5 can be controlled to make the refrigerant flow through the heat exchanger 7, taking away the heat generated by the braking resistor 8, so that the braking resistor 8 can be quickly cooled down to avoid overheating damage.

[0046] When the vehicle operates in a cold area with a low ambient temperature, in the first period of operation, the power battery 10 has a low temperature due to short discharge time. At this time, the battery liquid cooling pump 6 can be started, and the coolant heated by the braking resistor 8 is made to flow through the power battery 10 to heat the power battery 10, so that the temperature of the power battery 10 quickly rises to its operating temperature range, realizing the reuse of the heat energy generated by the braking resistor.

[0047] When the braking resistor 8 does not consume the electric energy generated by the braking of the traveling motor, if the power battery 10 needs to dissipate heat and cool down, the battery liquid cooling pump 6 and the cab air-conditioning system are started, driving the coolant to flow in the circulation loop formed by the coolant flow channel of the heat exchanger 7, the coolant flow channel of the power battery 10 and the battery liquid cooling pump 6, taking away the heat of the power battery 10 to promote its cooling. The air-conditioning system then takes away the heat of the coolant through the heat exchanger 7.

[0048] The heat generated by the energization of the braking resistor 8 can also be used to assist the braking resistor 8 in dissipating heat by controlling the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9, the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 and the battery liquid cooling pump 6, so that the coolant flowing through the heat exchanger 7 flows through the liquid-cooled radiator core 14.

[0049] Embodiment III.

[0050] As Figure 3 shown, compared with Embodiment II, in the electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system in this embodiment, the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 and the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 are four-way valves, and a water heater 32 is provided in the evaporator 3 of the cab air-conditioning system. The third liquid outlet of the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 is communicated with the inlet of the heating flow channel of the water heater 32, and the third liquid inlet of the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11 is communicated with the outlet of the heating flow channel of the water heater 32. By controlling the battery liquid cooling pump 6, the liquid outlet multi-way solenoid valve 9 and the liquid inlet multi-way solenoid valve 11, the cab air-conditioning system can use the heat generated by the braking resistor 8 to heat the cab.

[0051] Embodiment IV.

[0052] This embodiment discloses an electric wide-body vehicle, which has the electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system in Embodiment I, Embodiment II or Embodiment III.

Claims

1. An electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system, including a cab air-conditioning system and a power battery, characterized in that, It further includes a heat exchanger and a braking resistor electrically connected to the electrical system; the refrigerant flow path of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the expansion valve and then connected to the refrigerant circulation loop of the cab air-conditioning system; The braking resistor is arranged in the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger; the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump and the liquid cooling flow path of the power battery to form a battery liquid cooling circulation loop.

2. The electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein The thermal management system further includes an electrical liquid cooling system; at least one end of the two ends of the flow path after the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump is connected to the liquid cooling radiator core in the electrical liquid cooling system and the liquid cooling flow path of the power battery through a multi-way solenoid valve.

3. The electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to claim 2, wherein The multi-way solenoid valve includes an inlet multi-way solenoid valve with an outlet connected to the inlet end of the battery liquid cooling pump and / or an outlet multi-way solenoid valve with an inlet connected to the outlet end of the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger.

4. The electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electrical liquid cooling system includes a controller, a motor, and an electrical liquid cooling pump. The liquid cooling flow paths of the controller and the motor, the electrical liquid cooling pump, and the liquid cooling radiator core are connected in series to form an electrical liquid cooling circulation loop.

5. The electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thermal management system further includes a one-way valve. One outlet of the outlet multi-way solenoid valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling radiator core in the electrical liquid cooling system through the one-way valve.

6. The electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to claim 5, wherein, The pump port of the electrical liquid cooling pump is connected to the coolant inlet of the liquid cooling radiator core.

7. The electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The liquid cooling flow paths of the controller and the motor are connected in series and / or in parallel.

8. The electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that, A water heater is provided in the evaporator of the cab air-conditioning system. The coolant inlet of the warm water flow path of the water heater is connected to one outlet of the outlet multi-way solenoid valve, and the coolant outlet of the warm water flow path of the water heater is connected to one inlet of the inlet multi-way solenoid valve.

9. The electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, wherein A water heater is provided in the evaporator of the cab air-conditioning system. The two ends of the coolant flow path formed after the coolant flow path of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the battery liquid cooling pump are respectively connected to the warm water flow path of the water heater and the liquid cooling flow path of the power battery through a multi-way solenoid valve.

10. An electric wide-body vehicle, characterized in that, An electric wide-body vehicle thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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