Lens imaging experimental device for teaching

Abstract

The utility model provides a lens imaging experimental device for teaching. The lens imaging experimental device comprises a light source component, a lens component and a digital display component which are coaxially arranged from left to right in sequence, the experimental device is provided with the light source component, the lens component and the digital display component which are mutually independent and connected, so that the experimental device is simple in structure, easy to manufacture and form and convenient to carry; the digital display component is provided with an object distance display screen and an image watching screen, so that on one hand, the distance between the light source component and the lens component can be conveniently adjusted, and on the other hand, students in different directions can visually see the image of the lens; the lens body and the lens support body are connected in an embedded manner, so that lenses with different focal lengths can be flexibly replaced, and students can understand the law of lens imaging; the lens component is used for measuring the distance between the light source component and the lens, the distance can be visually displayed through the object distance display screen, repeated adjustment is avoided, and students can deeply understand experimental phenomena.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a teaching experiment apparatus, in particular to a lens imaging experiment device for teaching. Background Art

[0002] Lens imaging is a law that must be learned in middle school physics. In junior high school physics, this experiment is introduced in the unit of light refraction to deepen students' understanding and mastery of the concept of light refraction. The traditional experimental method of this experiment is to use the flame of a lit candle as the light-emitting body, fix a convex lens and a light screen on an optical bench, change the distance between the light-emitting body and the convex lens by moving the light-emitting body, and then move the light screen to find the position of the image. The experimental data obtained through further calculations are used to analyze and summarize the laws of convex lens imaging. However, the above experimental method has many deficiencies. For example, the flame of the candle is unstable and easily sways with the wind. The brightness and edges of the candle change indistinctly, resulting in sometimes being unable to find the clearest image on the light screen; the difference between the up-down and left-right of the candle flame shape of the image is not obvious, making it difficult for students to deeply understand that the real image formed by the convex lens is "inverted"; in addition, the length of the candle will gradually shorten during the burning process, causing the "centers of the three" of the light-emitting body, the light screen and the convex lens not to be at the same height, and it is necessary to repeatedly adjust, which is not only inconvenient but also time-consuming; in addition, the volume of the experimental device is large and the length is long, making it inconvenient to carry.

[0003] The utility model with the authorization announcement number of CN 213987984 U discloses a lens imaging demonstration device for middle school physics experiments, including a first rectangular plate. A first rectangular groove is opened on the right side of the first rectangular plate. A second rectangular plate is slidably sleeved in the first rectangular groove. A U-shaped cavity is opened on the first rectangular plate. The left inner wall of the U-shaped cavity is rotatably connected with a second T-shaped rod, and the left end of the second T-shaped rod extends outside the first rectangular plate. Connecting rods are fixedly connected to both the front inner wall and the rear inner wall of the U-shaped cavity. A moving shaft is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the connecting rod, and a square plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the moving shaft. By setting the first rectangular plate, the second T-shaped rod, the second spring, the storage battery and the candle-shaped lamp in cooperation, the utility model realizes nested telescoping and is convenient to carry. The candle-shaped lamp is adopted to overcome the defects of the candle flame. However, there are still the following defects: First, the telescoping is realized by setting two mutually nested crossbars, but it depends on various connecting parts such as rectangular plates, rectangular blocks, springs, fixed pulleys, flexible steel ropes, etc. Therefore, the structure of the demonstration device is complex and the manufacturing and installation process is difficult. Second, the display board is not connected to an external observation and display device, and the size of the display board is limited and the position is fixed. Therefore, only the students in front of the display screen can see the imaging of the convex lens. Third, the concave-convex lens is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the rectangular block, and lenses with different focal lengths cannot be replaced, which is not convenient for students to understand the difference in the imaging of lenses with different focal lengths. In addition, there are no scales on the first crossbar and the second crossbar, and no relevant distance measuring tools are set. It is necessary to rely on external tools to measure the distance between the candle-shaped lamp and the convex lens, which is not convenient for recording experimental data. Summary of the utility model

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a teaching lens imaging experimental device. The experimental device is provided with three mutually independent and interrelated components: a light source component, a lens component, and a digital display component. It is not only simple in structure, easy to manufacture and form, but also convenient to carry. The digital display component is provided with an object distance display screen and an image viewing screen. On the one hand, it is convenient to adjust the distance between the light source component and the lens component. On the other hand, students in different positions can directly see the imaging of the lens. The lens body and the lens support body are connected by an inlay method, and lenses with different focal lengths can be flexibly replaced, which is beneficial for students to understand the law of lens imaging. A device for measuring the distance between the light source component and the lens is provided on the lens component, which can be directly displayed on the object distance display screen, avoiding repeated adjustment and also being beneficial for students to deeply understand the experimental phenomenon.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] Teaching lens imaging experimental device, including a light source component, a lens component, and a digital display component arranged coaxially from left to right in sequence; the light source component includes a light source support body in a vertically folded shape and a light-emitting body arranged on the light source support body, the light-emitting body includes two light source mounting plates arranged vertically and parallel on the light source support body, and a light-emitting source is arranged inside the two light source mounting plates; the lens component includes a lens support body and an anti-toppling counterweight block in a cube shape arranged below the right side of the lens support body, the lens support body includes a support base in a cube shape and lens embedding guide rails arranged on the left and right ends of the support base, a plurality of distance measuring sensors for measuring the horizontal distance between the light-emitting body and the lens component are arranged inside the support base, each lens embedding guide rail includes two vertically parallel embedding guide rods, and a lens body is embedded in the two lens embedding guide rails, the lens body includes a lens mounting plate in a cube shape, a lifting ring for easy grasping and placing is arranged above the lens mounting plate, moving edges that can be embedded in the two lens embedding guide rails and move up and down are arranged on both sides of the lens mounting plate, and a lens is arranged on the lens mounting plate; the digital display component includes a digital display support housing in a polyhedron shape, a display screen with coordinate axis scales is arranged on the left side surface of the digital display support housing opposite to the lens component, an object distance display screen and an image viewing screen are arranged on at least one side surface of the digital display support housing from top to bottom in sequence, a digital display controller is arranged inside the digital display support housing, the digital display controller is electrically connected to the distance measuring sensors, the digital display controller can display the signals transmitted by the distance measuring sensors in digital form on the object distance display screen and display the images collected on the collection display screen on the image viewing screen, the digital display controller is also provided with a data cable that can be connected to an external viewing screen, and a switch for the digital display controller is arranged on the digital display support housing.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, in order to ensure that the centers of the light-emitting body, the lens, and the display screen are on the same straight line, and at the same time enable the light-emitting body to move steadily up, down, forward, and backward on the light source support body, the light source support body includes a light source moving guide rail plate in a vertically arranged cuboid shape and a light source support base in a cube shape arranged below the front side of the light source moving guide rail plate, guiding magnets for allowing the light-emitting body to move up, down, forward, and backward are arranged on the light source moving guide rail plate, and attracting magnets corresponding to the guiding magnets are arranged on the light-emitting body.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, in order to facilitate students to distinguish the lenses used for hyperopia and myopia glasses, directly observe the imaging differences between concave lenses and convex lenses, and help students understand the imaging laws of concave lenses and convex lenses, this experimental device also includes a secondary lens component, the secondary lens component includes a secondary lens support body in a vertically arranged cuboid shape, vertical grooves are opened at the centers of the upper and lower ends of the secondary lens support body, and hyperopia lenses and myopia lenses are embedded up and down along the height direction of the secondary lens support body.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0010] 1. This experimental device is provided with three mutually independent and related components: a light source component, a lens component, and a digital display component. It not only has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and form, but also is convenient to carry. The digital display component is provided with an object distance display screen and an image viewing screen. On the one hand, it is convenient for adjusting the distance between the light source component and the lens component. On the other hand, students in different positions can directly observe the imaging of the lens. The lens body and the lens support are connected by an inlay method, and lenses with different focal lengths can be flexibly replaced, which is beneficial for students to understand the law of lens imaging. The lens component is provided with a device for measuring the distance between the light source component and the lens, which can be directly displayed on the object distance display screen, avoiding repeated adjustment and also being beneficial for students to deeply understand the experimental phenomenon.

[0011] 2. The structures of the light source support and the light-emitting body are scientifically and reasonably arranged, ensuring that the centers of the light-emitting body, the lens, and the display screen are on the same straight line, and at the same time enabling the light-emitting body to move stably on the light source support in the front-back, up-down directions.

[0012] 3. The experimental device is also provided with a secondary mirror component, which is convenient for students to distinguish the lenses used for hyperopia and myopia glasses, directly observe the imaging differences between concave lenses and convex lenses, and is beneficial for students to understand the imaging laws of concave lenses and convex lenses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The following further describes the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the light source support;

[0016] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the lens support;

[0017] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the lens body;

[0018] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the digital display component;

[0019] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the secondary mirror component;

[0020] Attached drawing reference numerals: 1. Light source component, 1-1. Light source support, 1-1-1. Light source moving guide plate, 1-1-2. Light source support base, 1-1-3. Guide magnet, 1-2. Light-emitting body, 1-2-1. Light source mounting plate, 1-2-2. Light-emitting source, 2. Lens component, 2-1. Lens support, 2-1-1. Support base, 2-1-2. Lens embedding guide rail, 2-2. Anti-tip counterweight, 2-3. Distance measuring sensor, 2-4. Lens body, 2-4-1. Lens mounting plate, 2-4-2. Lifting ring, 2-4-3. Moving edge, 2-4-4. Lens, 3. Digital display component, 3-1. Digital display support housing, 3-2. Display screen, 3-3. Object distance display screen, 3-4. Image viewing screen, 3-5. Switch, 4. Sub-mirror component, 4-1. Sub-mirror support, 4-2. Vertical groove, 4-3. Hyperopia lens, 4-4. Myopia lens. Specific implementation mode

[0021] As Figure 1 shown, a specific embodiment of the present utility model, a lens imaging experiment device for teaching, includes a light source component 1, a lens component 2, and a digital display component 3 arranged coaxially from left to right in sequence; the light source component 1 includes a light source support 1-1 in a vertically folded shape and a light-emitting body 1-2 arranged on the light source support 1-1, the light-emitting body 1-2 includes two vertically parallel light source mounting plates 1-2-1 arranged on the light source support 1-1, and a light-emitting source 1-2-2 is arranged in the two light source mounting plates 1-2-1. In this embodiment, the light-emitting source 1-2-2 is set to include a light-emitting plate and a plurality of particle LED light sources in the shape of the letter "F" embedded in the light-emitting plate. For the sake of simple operation, a battery for enabling the LED light source to emit light is also arranged in the light-emitting body 1-2 in this embodiment, and the battery is turned on and controlled by a switch located on the side of the light-emitting plate; the lens component 2 includes a lens support 2-1 and an anti-tip counterweight 2-2 in a cubic shape arranged below the right side of the lens support 2-1. The lens support 2-1 includes a cubic support base 2-1-1 and lens embedding guide rails 2-1-2 arranged on the left and right ends of the support base 2-1-1. A plurality of distance measuring sensors 2-3 for measuring the horizontal distance between the light-emitting body 1-2 and the lens component 2 are arranged in the support base 2-1-1. Under the condition of meeting the requirements of distance measurement, in order to control costs and facilitate installation at the same time, 2 distance measuring sensors 2-3 are set in this embodiment, and the distance measuring sensors 2-3 are ultrasonic sensors. The lens embedding guide rails 2-1-2 each include two vertically parallel embedding guide rods, as Figure 3As shown in the figure, two lenses are embedded in the lens embedding guide rail 2-1-2, and the lens body 2-4 is embedded. The lens body 2-4 includes a lens mounting plate 2-4-1 in the shape of a cube. Above the lens mounting plate 2-4-1, there is a lifting ring 2-4-2 for easy grasping and placing. On both sides of the lens mounting plate 2-4-1, there are moving edges 2-4-3 that can be embedded in the two lens embedding guide rails 2-1-2 and move up and down. On the lens mounting plate 2-4-1, there is a lens 2-4-4, as Figure 4 shown. In this embodiment, a mounting hole corresponding to the shape and size of the lens 2-4-4 is opened on the lens mounting plate 2-4-1, and the lens 2-4-4 is embedded in the mounting hole. In order to allow students to compare the different imaging of lenses with different focal lengths and help students understand the imaging principle of lenses, three lens bodies 2-4 with focal lengths f = 10 cm, f = 13 cm, and f = 15 cm are set in this embodiment. The digital display component 3 includes a digital display support housing 3-1 in the shape of a polyhedron. For the convenience of manufacturing, installation, and disassembly, the digital display support housing 3-1 is set in the shape of a cuboid, and the adjacent side faces are detachably connected. On the left side face of the digital display support housing 3-1 opposite to the lens component 2, there is a display screen 3-2 with coordinate axis scales. On at least one side face of the digital display support housing 3-1, there are an object distance display screen 3-3 and an image viewing screen 3-4 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. A digital display controller is arranged in the digital display support housing 3-1. The digital display controller is electrically connected to the distance measuring sensor 2-3. The digital display controller can display the signal transmitted by the distance measuring sensor 2-3 in digital form on the object distance display screen 3-3 and display the image collected on the display screen 3-2 on the image viewing screen 3-4. The digital display controller is also provided with a data cable that can be connected to an external viewing screen, so that the image on the display screen can be enlarged and observed on a large screen, so as to make it possible for as many people as possible to see the image. A switch 3-5 for the digital display controller is arranged on the digital display support housing 3-1, as Figure 5 shown;

[0022] The light source support 1-1 includes a vertically arranged light source moving guide rail plate 1-1-1 in the shape of a cuboid and a light source support base 1-1-2 in the shape of a cube arranged below the front side of the light source moving guide rail plate 1-1-1. On the light source moving guide rail plate 1-1-1, there is a guiding magnet 1-1-3 that allows the light emitting body 1-2 to move up, down, forward, and backward. On the light emitting body 1-2, there is an attracting magnet corresponding to the guiding magnet 1-1-3, as Figure 2 shown. In order to ensure that the centers of the light emitting body 1-2, the lens 2-4-4, and the display screen 3-2 are on the same straight line, and at the same time, the light emitting body 1-2 can be firmly moved up, down, forward, and backward on the light source support 1-1.

[0023] The experimental device further includes a secondary mirror member 4. The secondary mirror member 4 includes a secondary mirror support 4-1 vertically arranged in a cuboid shape. Vertical grooves 4-2 are provided at the centers of the top and bottom ends of the secondary mirror support 4-1. A hyperopic lens 4-3 and a myopic lens 4-4 are inlaid up and down along the height direction of the secondary mirror support 4-1. As Figure 6 shown, in order to facilitate students to distinguish whether the concave lens or convex lens is used for hyperopic and myopic glasses, and directly observe the imaging differences between concave and convex lenses, it is beneficial for students to understand the imaging laws of concave and convex lenses.

[0024] When the utility model is in use: First, place the experimental device on a horizontal tabletop, and place the light source member 1, the lens member 2, and the digital display member 3 in the same straight line. Turn on the power switches of the light source 1-2-2, the distance measuring sensor 2-3, and the display screen 3-2. Then, place the light source member 1 at a position where the distance from the lens is greater than 1 times the focal length and less than 2 times the focal length (this distance is called "object distance u", and the object distance u can be accurately measured by the distance measuring sensor 2-3 and displayed on the object distance display screen 3-3). Adjust the position of the digital display member 3 until a clear magnified inverted real image of the light source 1-2-2 is observed on the display screen 3-2. Then, place the light source member 1 at a position where the distance from the lens is equal to 2 times the focal length, and adjust the position of the digital display member 3 until a clear equal-sized inverted real image of the light source 1-2-2 is observed on the display screen 3-2. Finally, place the light source member 1 at a position where the distance from the lens is greater than 2 times the focal length, and adjust the position of the digital display member 3 until a clear reduced inverted real image of the light source 1-2-2 is observed on the display screen 3-2. The micro camera inside the digital display member 3 can take pictures of the images of the light source 1-2-2 at the above three positions on the display screen 3-2 respectively, and convert the graphics to the image viewing screen 3-4 or a laptop computer, making it easier to observe and analyze the size change and upright / inverted characteristics of the image, and at the same time facilitating students to conduct qualitative analysis and calculation. At the same time, a hyperopic lens 4-3 or a myopic lens 4-4 can also be installed in the secondary mirror member 4, and the secondary mirror member 4 can be used to replace the lens member 2, and the imaging laws of lenses with different focal lengths, as well as the optical principles of myopia and presbyopia, can also be studied. This experimental device uses ultrasonic waves to measure the object distance, realizes the electronization of the image, and has multiple functions at the same time, which cannot be achieved by the traditional optical bench in middle school laboratories.

[0025] This experiment involves the imaging principle of a convex lens, and the principle is as follows: Let the distance between the light source and the convex lens be the object distance u, the focal length of the convex lens be f, and the distance between the image and the convex lens be the image distance v.

[0026] 1. When u < f, the convex lens does not form a real image.

[0027] 2. When f < u < 2f, the convex lens forms a magnified inverted real image, and at this time v > 2f.

[0028] 3. When 2f < u, the convex lens forms a reduced and inverted real image, and at this time, f < v < 2f.

[0029] Of course, the above only describes in detail the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention in combination with the attached drawings, and does not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention thereby. Any equivalent changes made according to the principles, structures, and configurations of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Teaching lens imaging experimental device, characterized in that: It includes a light source component (1), a lens component (2), and a digital display component (3) that are coaxial and arranged in sequence from left to right; the light source component (1) includes a light source support (1-1) in a vertically folded shape and a light emitter (1-2) provided on the light source support (1-1). The light emitter (1-2) includes two vertically parallel light source mounting plates (1-2-1) provided on the light source support (1-1), and a light source (1-2-2) is provided inside the two light source mounting plates (1-2-1); the lens component (2) includes a lens support (2-1) and an anti-toppling counterweight (2-2) in a cube shape provided below the right side of the lens support (2-1). The lens support (2-1) includes a support base (2-1-1) in a cube shape and lens insertion guide rails (2-1-2) provided on the left and right ends of the support base (2-1-1). A plurality of distance measuring sensors (2-3) for measuring the horizontal distance between the light emitter (1-2) and the lens component (2) are provided inside the support base (2-1-1). Each of the lens insertion guide rails (2-1-2) includes two vertically parallel insertion guide rods, and a lens body (2-4) is embedded in the two lens insertion guide rails (2-1-2). The lens body (2-4) includes a lens mounting plate (2-4-1) in a cube shape. A lifting ring (2-4-2) for easy grasping and placing is provided above the lens mounting plate (2-4-1). Moving edges (2-4-3) that can be embedded in the two lens insertion guide rails (2-1-2) and move up and down are provided on both sides of the lens mounting plate (2-4-1), and a lens (2-4-4) is provided on the lens mounting plate (2-4-1); the digital display component (3) includes a digital display support housing (3-1) in a polyhedron shape. A display screen (3-2) with coordinate axes scales is provided on the left side of the digital display support housing (3-1) opposite to the lens component (2). An object distance display screen (3-3) and an image viewing screen (3-4) are provided on at least one side of the digital display support housing (3-1) in sequence from top to bottom. A digital display controller is provided inside the digital display support housing (3-1). The digital display controller is electrically connected to the distance measuring sensors (2-3). The digital display controller can display the signals transmitted by the distance measuring sensors (2-3) in digital form on the object distance display screen (3-3) and display the images collected on the display screen (3-2) on the image viewing screen (3-4). The digital display controller is also provided with a data cable that can be connected to an external viewing screen. A switch (3-5) for the digital display controller is provided on the digital display support housing (3-1).

2. The teaching lens imaging experiment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source support (1-1) includes a light source moving guide rail plate (1-1-1) in a vertically arranged cuboid shape and a light source support base (1-1-2) in a cube shape provided below the front side of the light source moving guide rail plate (1-1-1). Guide magnets (1-1-3) that allow the light emitter (1-2) to move up, down, forward, and backward are provided on the light source moving guide rail plate (1-1-1), and attracting magnets corresponding to the guide magnets are provided on the light emitter (1-2).

3. The teaching lens imaging experiment device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The experimental device further includes a secondary mirror member (4). The secondary mirror member (4) includes a secondary mirror support (4-1) vertically arranged in a cuboid shape. Vertical grooves (4-2) are provided at the centers of the upper and lower ends of the secondary mirror support (4-1). A hyperopic lens (4-3) and a myopic lens (4-4) are inlaid in the secondary mirror support (4-1) along its height direction, from top to bottom.

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