Detachable stubble cleaning mechanism

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and discloses a detachable stubble cleaning mechanism which comprises a gear box and a main transmission shaft extending out of the gear box, a connecting spline sleeve is arranged at the outer end of the main transmission shaft, and a driven shaft matched with the main transmission shaft and coaxially rotating with the main transmission shaft is connected in the other end of the connecting spline sleeve. A plurality of groups of stubble cleaning cutters are arranged on the driven shaft at intervals, a first spacer bush is arranged on a driven shaft body between every two adjacent stubble cleaning cutters, a bearing seat mounted on the rack is arranged at one end, far away from the main transmission shaft, of the driven shaft, and a second spacer bush is arranged on the driven shaft body between the bearing seat and the adjacent stubble cleaning cutters. The transmission device is high in operation efficiency and low in replacement and maintenance cost, the main transmission shaft and the driven shaft are connected through the spline housing, modular design is achieved, disassembly and assembly are more convenient through the design, damage to a gear box, a bearing and a gear in the disassembly and assembly process is reduced, and the service life of the whole machine is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, and specifically relates to a detachable stubble-breaking mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, the stubble-breaking mechanism is one of the indispensable farm tools on seeders or stubble-breaking and soil-covering machines. However, there are some significant problems in the design and use process of traditional stubble-breaking and soil-covering machines. The cutter shaft of traditional stubble-breaking and soil-covering machines usually adopts an integral structure, that is, components such as the cutter shaft and the gearbox are integrated together. Although this design is relatively simple in manufacturing and initial installation, in the actual use process, once there is a problem with the cutter shaft and maintenance is required, the gearbox and other related components must be disassembled as a whole. And this disassembly and maintenance process is not only complex but also costly, increasing the usage cost for farmers. And the commonly used cutter shafts often adopt a cantilever structure, and this structure is prone to failure during long-term use. Due to the force characteristics of the cantilever structure, the bearings on the cutter shaft are easily subjected to uneven forces, resulting in bearing wear and damage. Once the bearings are damaged, it not only affects the working efficiency of the stubble-breaking and soil-covering machine but also requires frequent replacement and maintenance, increasing the maintenance cost.

[0003] At the same time, the traditional tool magazine assembly adopts a method of integral welding, welding all the tool magazines on a long cylinder. This design makes the disassembly, maintenance, and replacement of the tool magazines very difficult and time-consuming. Once a certain tool magazine is damaged, it needs to be disassembled and replaced as a whole, further increasing the maintenance cost and time. In addition, the integral welding design also limits the flexibility and adaptability of the tool magazines and cannot be adjusted according to different terrains and crop requirements. However, the cutter teeth are vulnerable parts of the stubble-breaking and soil-covering machine, and need to be regularly replaced after long-term use. Since the bolts are prone to deformation during long-term use, the disassembly of the cutter teeth becomes very difficult. Maintenance personnel need to spend a lot of time and effort to disassemble and replace the cutter teeth, increasing the complexity and time of maintenance work.

[0004] In summary, the design of traditional stubble-breaking and soil-covering machines not only affects the reliability and maintainability of the equipment but also increases the usage cost for farmers. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new design to solve these problems, improve the reliability and maintainability of the equipment, and reduce the usage cost for farmers. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a detachable stubble-breaking mechanism with high working efficiency and low replacement and maintenance costs for the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present utility model discloses a detachable stubble-breaking mechanism, which includes a gearbox and a main transmission shaft extending out of the gearbox. Its structural feature is that a connecting spline sleeve is arranged at the outer end of the main transmission shaft, and the other end of the connecting spline sleeve is internally connected with a driven shaft that cooperates with the main transmission shaft and rotates coaxially with the main transmission. A plurality of groups of stubble-breaking tools are arranged at intervals on the driven shaft, and a first spacer sleeve is arranged on the body of the driven shaft between two adjacent stubble-breaking tools. A bearing seat installed on the frame is arranged at one end of the driven shaft far from the main transmission shaft, and a second spacer sleeve is arranged on the body of the driven shaft between the bearing seat and the adjacent stubble-breaking tool.

[0007] After adopting the above structure, by connecting the main transmission shaft and the driven shaft with a spline sleeve, modular design is realized. This design not only meets the requirements of installation and fixation, but also meets the requirements of simple disassembly, maintenance and low maintenance cost, and makes the bearing stress uniform and improves the bearing life. If there are problems with the gears or bearings inside the gearbox, it is not necessary to disassemble the gearbox as a whole. Only by disassembling the bearing seat and related parts can the maintenance requirements be met, saving maintenance time and cost. And through multiple groups of stubble-breaking tools arranged at intervals on the driven shaft and the first spacer sleeve arranged on the body of the driven shaft between two adjacent stubble-breaking tools, it is ensured that the tools are evenly stressed during the working process, and the damage of the tools and the shaft caused by uneven stress is reduced, preventing the stubble-breaking tools from axially moving on the shaft. In this way, when a certain stubble-breaking tool is damaged, only the damaged stubble-breaking tool needs to be disassembled and replaced, and it is not necessary to repair and replace the entire tool shaft assembly. By arranging a bearing seat installed on the frame at one end of the driven shaft far from the main transmission shaft and arranging a second spacer sleeve on the body of the driven shaft between the bearing seat and the adjacent stubble-breaking tool, the bearing can be effectively protected, the service life of the bearing can be extended, and the downtime and maintenance cost caused by bearing damage can be reduced.

[0008] Preferably, the stubble-breaking tool includes a sleeve body that rotates coaxially with the driven shaft and a plurality of tool mounting seats arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the sleeve body.

[0009] Preferably, the tool mounting seat includes a tool magazine installed on the outer wall of the sleeve body. A cutter tooth is arranged at the outer end of the tool magazine and inserted into the inside of the tool magazine. An installation hole is arranged on the body of the cutter tooth inserted into the tool magazine, and a fixing bolt passing through the body of the tool magazine and the installation hole is arranged at the installation hole. A fastening nut is arranged on the fixing bolt, a cutter tooth spacer sleeve matching with the fixing bolt is arranged at the installation hole, and a gasket is sleeved on the fixing bolt and located on the screw rod body between the inner end of the head of the fixing bolt and the cutter tooth. By adopting the split tool shaft design and the structure of a single-piece tool magazine plus a spacer sleeve, the installation and disassembly and maintenance processes are made more convenient, the parts have higher replaceability, and the maintenance cost and time are further reduced. And the fixing method of the cutter tooth uses nut locking, which more effectively fastens the cutter tooth and avoids the situation of the cutter tooth falling off during the stubble-breaking and soil-breaking process, thereby improving work efficiency and safety.

[0010] Preferably, the gasket is in an annular shape and the inner diameter thereof is adapted to the diameter of the fixing bolt. The outer diameter of the gasket is larger than the inner end face diameter of the head and smaller than the width of the cutter teeth at the installation hole. The gasket can closely fit the cutter teeth, preventing the bolt from loosening during use, thereby increasing the contact area and stability during fastening.

[0011] Preferably, a strip-shaped opening adapted to the diameter of the gasket is provided on the outer wall of one side of the outer end of the tool magazine where the gasket is provided, and the strip-shaped opening is arranged along the length direction of the tool magazine. By arranging the strip-shaped opening along the length direction of the tool magazine, the tool magazine has greater flexibility during installation and disassembly, can adapt to gaskets and bolts of different sizes, and improves the applicability and versatility of the equipment.

[0012] Preferably, both ends of the first spacer sleeve are respectively attached to one side of the sleeves of two adjacent stubble cutting tools. By positioning the first spacer sleeve between the two stubble cutting tools, stable connection and effective transmission of the stubble cutting tools can be maintained.

[0013] Preferably, both ends of the second spacer sleeve are respectively attached to one side of the bearing seat and the sleeve of the stubble cutting tool adjacent to the bearing seat.

[0014] Preferably, a boss adapted to the fastening nut is provided on the side of the tool magazine where the fastening nut is provided, and a threaded hole adapted to the screw rod is provided on the boss. By adopting the double-threaded cooperation of the boss and the fastening nut for fixing the cutter teeth, the cutter teeth can be more effectively fastened, the stability at the fastening part can be improved, and the problems of loosening and falling of the cutter teeth 11 during stubble covering can be prevented.

[0015] Preferably, a flat key or a spline is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the sleeve is matched with the driven shaft. By providing the flat key or the spline on the inner wall of the sleeve, coaxial rotation with the driven shaft can be achieved.

[0016] Preferably, an adjusting gasket is provided on the bearing seat, and the adjusting gasket is provided at the upper top end of the bearing seat. Usually, an adjusting gasket is also provided on the bearing seat to level the two shafts and ensure the concentricity of the driven shaft and the main transmission shaft.

[0017] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The present utility model has high operation efficiency and low replacement and maintenance costs. By connecting the main drive shaft and the driven shaft with a spline sleeve, modular design is achieved. This design not only meets the requirements of installation and fixation, but also meets the requirements of simple disassembly, easy maintenance and low maintenance costs, and makes the bearing force evenly distributed, improving the bearing life. If there are problems with the gears or bearings inside the gearbox, it is not necessary to disassemble the gearbox as a whole. Only by disassembling the bearing seat and related components can the maintenance requirements be met, saving maintenance time and costs. And by arranging multiple groups of stubble-breaking tools at intervals on the driven shaft, and arranging a first spacer sleeve on the driven shaft body between two adjacent stubble-breaking tools, it ensures that the tools are evenly stressed during the working process, reduces the damage of the tools and the shaft caused by uneven stress, and prevents the stubble-breaking tools from axially moving on the shaft. In this way, when a certain stubble-breaking tool is damaged, only the damaged stubble-breaking tool needs to be disassembled and replaced, and it is not necessary to repair and replace the entire cutter shaft assembly. By arranging a bearing seat installed on the frame at one end of the driven shaft far from the main drive shaft, and arranging a second spacer sleeve on the driven shaft body between the bearing seat and the adjacent stubble-breaking tool, it can effectively protect the bearing, extend the service life of the bearing and reduce the downtime and maintenance costs caused by bearing damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is a sectional structural diagram of the connection spline sleeve and the cutter tooth installation part of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the cutter tooth installation part of the present utility model.

[0021] In the figure: 1, gearbox; 2, main drive shaft; 3, connection spline sleeve; 4, driven shaft; 5, stubble-breaking tool; 6, first spacer sleeve; 7, bearing seat; 8, sleeve body; 9, tool mounting seat; 10, tool magazine; 11, cutter tooth; 12, mounting hole; 13, fixing bolt; 14, fastening nut; 15, cutter tooth spacer sleeve; 16, gasket; 17, strip-shaped opening; 18, boss; 19, second spacer sleeve; 20, adjusting gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe the specific embodiments of the present utility model in detail. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present utility model, but are not used to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0023] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0024] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] The following is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings.

[0026] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the present utility model includes a gearbox 1 and a main transmission shaft 2 extending from the gearbox 1. The gearbox 1 is installed on the whole machine frame and obtains power by connecting with the power output shaft of the tractor. Then, through internal gear transmission, the power is output to the main transmission shaft 2 connected to the gear, and then the power is output. This structure is a well-known structure and will not be elaborated here. A connecting spline sleeve 3 is provided at the outer end of the main transmission shaft 2, and the other end of the connecting spline sleeve 3 is internally connected with a driven shaft 4 that cooperates with the main transmission shaft 2 and rotates coaxially with the main transmission. During design, an installation slot is provided on the end face of the main transmission shaft 2 extending out of the gearbox. The diameter of the above-mentioned driven shaft 4 is adapted to the diameter of the main transmission shaft 2, and a limiting block inserted into the slot is provided at the cooperating end of the driven shaft 4 and the main transmission shaft 2. The above-mentioned connecting spline sleeve 3 is sleeved on the main bodies of the clamping ends of the main transmission shaft 2 and the driven shaft 4. In this way, by connecting the main transmission shaft 2 and the driven shaft 4 with a spline sleeve, a modular design is realized. This design makes disassembly and assembly more convenient, reduces damage to the gearbox 1, bearings, and gears during the disassembly and assembly process, and extends the service life of the whole machine.

[0027] A plurality of stubble-breaking cutters 5 are arranged at intervals on the driven shaft 4. A first spacer sleeve 6 is arranged on the body of the driven shaft 4 between two adjacent stubble-breaking cutters 5. At the same time, a bearing seat 7 mounted on the frame is arranged at one end of the driven shaft 4 far away from the main transmission shaft 2. A second spacer sleeve 19 is arranged on the body of the driven shaft 4 between the bearing seat 7 and the adjacent stubble-breaking cutter 5. In design, the stubble-breaking cutter 5 includes a sleeve body 8 that rotates coaxially with the driven shaft 4 and a plurality of cutter mounting seats 9 arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the sleeve body 8. A flat key or spline is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve body 8 to cooperate with the driven shaft. The two end parts of the above-mentioned first spacer sleeve 6 are respectively attached to one side of the sleeve body 8 of two adjacent stubble-breaking cutters 5. In this way, the first spacer sleeve 6 located between the two stubble-breaking cutters 5 can maintain the stable connection and effective transmission of the stubble-breaking cutters 5. The two end parts of the above-mentioned second spacer sleeve 19 are respectively attached to one side of the bearing seat 7 and the sleeve body 8 of the stubble-breaking cutter 5 adjacent to the bearing seat 7. In this way, through the limiting function of the second spacer sleeve 19, the bearing can be effectively protected, the service life of the bearing can be extended, and the downtime and maintenance cost caused by bearing damage can be reduced. At the same time, through the above-mentioned first spacer sleeve 6, multiple stubble-breaking cutters 5 are spaced apart, which can reserve enough space to facilitate the arrangement of the stubble-breaking cutters 5 on the adjacent side cutter shafts. On the other side, the second spacer sleeve 19 is used to space from the bearing seat 7, which can ensure the installation position of the bearing seat 7 and the stubble-breaking cutters 5 on the entire cutter shaft, and prevent the stubble-breaking cutters 5 from axially moving on the shaft. In this way, when a certain stubble-breaking cutter 5 is damaged, only the damaged stubble-breaking cutter 5 needs to be disassembled and replaced, and there is no need to repair and replace the entire cutter shaft assembly. Of course, during production, an adjusting gasket 20 is usually arranged on the bearing seat 7 to level the two shafts, and the adjusting gasket 20 is arranged at the upper end of the bearing seat 7 to ensure the concentricity of the driven shaft 4 and the main transmission shaft 2.

[0028] Such as Figure 2 And Figure 3As shown in the figure, the above-mentioned tool mounting base 9 includes a tool magazine 10 installed on the outer wall of the sleeve 8, and a cutter tooth 11 inserted into the interior of the tool magazine 10 is further installed at the outer end of the tool magazine 10. During the design, an installation hole 12 is provided on the body of the cutter tooth 11 inserted into the interior of the tool magazine 10, and a fixing bolt 13 passing through the body of the tool magazine 10 and the installation hole 12 is provided at the installation hole 12. A fastening nut 14 is also provided on the fixing bolt 13. At the same time, a cutter tooth spacer 15 matching the fixing bolt 13 is provided at the installation hole 12, and a gasket 16 is sleeved on the fixing bolt 13 and the gasket 16 is located on the screw body between the inner end of the head of the fixing bolt 13 and the cutter tooth 11. In this way, by adopting a split tool shaft design and a structure of a single-piece tool magazine 10 plus a spacer, the installation, disassembly and maintenance processes are made more convenient, the parts have higher replaceability, and the maintenance cost and time are further reduced. At the same time, through the above design, the shearing force of the cutter tooth 11 on the fixing bolt 13 can be buffered during the process of stubble destruction and soil covering, which plays a protective role for the fixing bolt 13, preventing the cutter tooth 11 from continuously shearing during the working process and causing the fixing bolt 13 to bend or break, avoiding the situation of frequent damage and replacement of the fixing bolt 13, and reducing the use cost; and the fixing method of the cutter tooth 11 adopts nut locking, which more effectively fastens the cutter tooth 11 and avoids the situation of the cutter tooth 11 falling off during the process of stubble destruction and soil breaking, thereby improving the work efficiency and safety. During the manufacturing process, a convex platform 18 matching the fastening nut 14 is provided on the side wall of the tool magazine 10 close to the fastening nut 14, and a threaded hole matching the screw is provided on the convex platform 18. In this way, by adopting the double-thread cooperation of the convex platform 18 and the fastening nut 14 for the fixing method of the cutter tooth 11, the cutter tooth 11 can be more effectively fastened and the stability of the fastening part can be improved, and the problems of loosening and cutter tooth dropping of the cutter tooth 11 during the process of stubble destruction and soil covering can also be prevented.

[0029] The above-mentioned gasket 16 is in a circular ring shape and the inner diameter size is adapted to the diameter size of the fixing bolt 13. The outer ring diameter of the gasket 16 is larger than the diameter size of the inner end face of the head and smaller than the width size of the cutter tooth 11 at the installation hole 12. In this way, the gasket 16 can be closely attached to the cutter tooth 11, which can prevent the bolt from loosening during use, thereby increasing the contact area and stability during fastening. A strip-shaped opening 17 adapted to the diameter size of the gasket 16 is provided on the outer wall of the tool magazine 10 at the side where the gasket 16 is provided at the outer end of the tool magazine 10. The strip-shaped opening 17 is usually arranged along the length direction of the tool magazine 10. In this way, by arranging the strip-shaped opening 17 along the length direction of the tool magazine 10, the tool magazine 10 has greater flexibility during the installation and disassembly processes, can adapt to gaskets 16 and bolts of different sizes, and improves the applicability and versatility of the equipment.

[0030] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable stubble-breaking mechanism, comprising a gearbox (1) and a main transmission shaft (2) extending out of the gearbox (1), characterized in that: A connecting spline sleeve (3) is arranged at the outer end of the main transmission shaft (2). The other end of the connecting spline sleeve (3) is internally connected with a driven shaft (4) which is matched with the main transmission shaft (2) and rotates coaxially with the main transmission. A plurality of stubble-breaking cutters (5) are arranged at intervals on the driven shaft (4). A first spacer sleeve (6) is arranged on the body of the driven shaft (4) between two adjacent stubble-breaking cutters (5). A bearing seat (7) installed on the frame is arranged at one end of the driven shaft (4) far away from the main transmission shaft (2). A second spacer sleeve (19) is arranged on the body of the driven shaft (4) between the bearing seat (7) and the adjacent stubble-breaking cutter (5).

2. The detachable stubble-breaking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stubble-breaking cutter (5) includes a sleeve body (8) rotating coaxially with the driven shaft (4) and a plurality of cutter mounting seats (9) arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the sleeve body (8).

3. The detachable stubble-breaking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cutter mounting seat (9) includes a tool magazine (10) installed on the outer wall of the sleeve body (8). A cutter tooth (11) inserted into the interior of the tool magazine (10) is arranged at the outer end of the tool magazine (10). A mounting hole (12) is arranged on the body of the cutter tooth (11) inserted into the interior of the tool magazine (10), and a fixing bolt (13) passing through the body of the tool magazine (10) and the mounting hole (12) is arranged at the mounting hole (12). A fastening nut (14) is arranged on the fixing bolt (13). A cutter tooth spacer sleeve (15) matched with the fixing bolt (13) is arranged at the mounting hole (12). A gasket (16) is sleeved on the fixing bolt (13), and the gasket (16) is located on the screw body between the inner end of the head of the fixing bolt (13) and the cutter tooth (11).

4. The detachable stubble breaking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gasket (16) is in a circular ring shape, and the inner diameter size thereof is adapted to the diameter size of the fixing bolt (13). The outer ring diameter of the gasket (16) is larger than the diameter size of the inner end face of the head and smaller than the width size of the cutter tooth (11) at the mounting hole (12).

5. The detachable stubble-breaking mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: A strip-shaped opening (17) adapted to the diameter size of the gasket (16) is arranged on the outer wall of one side of the tool magazine (10) where the gasket (16) is arranged at the outer end of the tool magazine (10). The strip-shaped opening (17) is arranged along the length direction of the tool magazine (10).

6. The detachable stubble-breaking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the first spacer sleeve (6) are respectively attached to one side of the sleeve bodies (8) of two adjacent stubble-breaking cutters (5).

7. The detachable stubble-breaking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: Both ends of the second spacer sleeve (19) are respectively attached to one side of the bearing seat (7) and the sleeve body (8) of the stubble-breaking cutter (5) adjacent to the bearing seat (7).

8. The detachable stubble-breaking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A boss (18) matched with the fastening nut (14) is arranged on the side wall of the tool magazine (10) close to the fastening nut (14). A threaded hole matched with the screw is arranged on the boss (18).

9. The detachable stubble-breaking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: A flat key or a spline is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve body (8), and the sleeve body (8) is matched with the driven shaft (4).

10. The detachable stubble-breaking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: An adjusting gasket (20) is arranged on the bearing seat (7), and the adjusting gasket (20) is arranged at the upper top end of the bearing seat (7).

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