General tool for numerical control vertical lathe

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lathes, and discloses a numerical control vertical lathe universal tool which comprises a chuck, a plurality of clamping jaws and a plurality of sliding grooves, the sliding grooves are formed in the circumferential direction of the chuck, the clamping jaws are installed in the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, and pressure air pipes are arranged on the sides, making contact with the surface of a machined workpiece, of the clamping jaws. By means of the structure, an operator can be reminded whether the clamping jaw clamps a machined workpiece or not according to whether air flow is exhausted or not, the design mechanism is simple and effective, the operator can easily determine whether the workpiece is safely clamped or not by observing whether the air flow is exhausted or not, and the working efficiency is improved. In the machining process, air flows to blow away machining chips on the surface, interference of the chips is avoided, and therefore the machining quality and efficiency of equipment are improved, and secondly, when the air flows through the machined surface, heat on the surface can be taken away, the surface temperature is reduced, and the machining effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lathes, in particular to a general tooling for a CNC vertical lathe. Background Technique

[0002] A lathe is a machine tool used for machining rotationally symmetric workpieces, usually for machining metals and other solid materials. They achieve the machining purpose by rotating the workpiece and using a cutting tool to cut it. Lathes have a wide range of applications, from small parts to large shaft workpieces. The three-jaw chuck in the general tooling of a lathe is a common fixture for fixing circular or shaft workpieces. The three-jaw chuck usually consists of three movable jaws, and these jaws clamp the workpiece by rotating the central axis of the chuck. Its advantages lie in quickly positioning and clamping the workpiece, enabling it to be machined quickly and accurately on the lathe. The automatic centering function of the three-jaw chuck makes the clamping of the workpiece more convenient and greatly improves the production efficiency.

[0003] However, during the machining process of existing lathes, the generated chips are easily attached to the surface of the parts, which not only affects the machining quality but also increases the workload of subsequent cleaning. Especially during high-speed cutting, the chips are more likely to fly, which may cause unevenness or scratches on the surface of the parts, thus affecting the appearance and function of the product. And during the workpiece clamping process of the three-jaw chuck, if the clamping force is too small, the workpiece is likely to loosen during the machining process and may even fly out, which not only affects the machining quality but also may cause safety hazards. If the clamping force is too large, for some easily deformable workpieces, the excessive clamping force may cause the workpiece to deform and even cause cracks during the machining process, making the workpiece unusable. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a general tooling for a CNC vertical lathe, which has the advantages of reducing the attachment of machining chips to the workpiece during the machining process, automatically monitoring the clamping force during the workpiece clamping process of the three-jaw chuck, and alarming according to the preset safety range, reducing the operation difficulty and error risk of the operator, and solving the problems that the chips generated during the machining process of existing lathes are likely to affect the machining quality and the clamping force of the three-jaw chuck is inaccurate during the workpiece clamping process.

[0006] (2) Technical Solutions

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of reducing the attachment of machining debris to the workpiece during the machining process, while automatically monitoring the clamping force during the process of clamping the workpiece by the three-jaw chuck and alarming according to the preset safety range, thereby reducing the operation difficulty and error risk of the operator, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: A general tooling for a numerically controlled vertical lathe, including a chuck, a jaw, and a sliding groove. A plurality of the sliding grooves are provided along the circumferential direction of the chuck, and the jaws are slidably installed in the sliding grooves. A pressure air pipe is provided on one side of the jaw in contact with the surface of the workpiece to be machined. One end of the pressure air pipe is also provided with a pressure valve communicated with its interior. The orientation of the pressure valve is parallel to the axis of the chuck. When the jaw completely clamps the workpiece to be machined, the pressure air pipe contacts the workpiece to be machined and exhausts air from the pressure valve.

[0008] Preferably, a telescopic pipe communicated with its interior is also slidably connected to the pressure air pipe. The telescopic pipe is fixedly connected with a rotating disk, and the rotating disk is coaxially arranged with the chuck. A fixed disk is also rotatably connected to the rotating disk. An air cavity is provided between the rotating disk and the fixed disk, and the telescopic pipe is communicated with the air cavity.

[0009] Preferably, an inflation pipe communicated with the air cavity is also installed on the fixed disk.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating disk and the fixed disk are connected by a bearing.

[0011] Preferably, a fixing frame is provided on the fixed disk, and the fixing frame is fixedly arranged on the machine tool.

[0012] Preferably, the diameters of the fixed disk and the rotating disk are larger than the diameter of the chuck.

[0013] Preferably, a circular groove with an L-shaped cross section is opened inside the jaw, and the pressure air pipe is fixedly installed in the circular groove.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure air pipe is made of a flexible material, and an anti-slip surface is provided on the surface of the pressure air pipe.

[0015] (III) Advantageous Effects

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model provides a general tooling for a numerically controlled vertical lathe, having the following

[0017] advantageous effects:

[0018] 1. The general tooling for this CNC vertical lathe, through the combined use of the chuck structure, pressure air pipe structure, and pressure valve, compared with the traditional technical structure, when installing the workpiece to be machined on the chuck, when the chuck does not fully fit the workpiece to be machined, the pressure air pipe is not sufficiently squeezed, resulting in the internal gas pressure not reaching the pressure level required at the exhaust valve port. At this time, the pressure valve port cannot discharge gas. When the chuck fully fits the workpiece to be machined, the force of the chuck will cause the pressure air pipe to be fully squeezed, resulting in the internal gas being discharged through the exhaust valve port, reminding the operator that the chuck has clamped the workpiece to be machined. This design mechanism is simple and effective. By observing whether the gas is discharged, the operator can easily determine whether the workpiece is safely clamped without relying on complex detection equipment or manual adjustment. This not only improves work efficiency but also ensures the safety and accuracy of the machining process.

[0019] 2. The general tooling for this CNC vertical lathe, through the combined use of the pressure air pipe structure and the pressure valve structure, compared with the traditional technical structure, the chips generated during the machining process are likely to affect the machining quality. When this structure is in use, by continuously inflating the air charging pipe, the internal pressure of the pressure air pipe can be made greater than the exhaust pressure of the pressure valve, so that the gas is discharged from the pressure valve. Since the outlet direction of the pressure valve coincides with the axis of the chuck, when the gas is discharged from the pressure valve, it will flow along the axis direction of the chuck, and this direction happens to intersect with the surface of the workpiece to be machined. This gas flow will blow away the machining chips on the surface, avoiding the interference of the chips, thereby improving the machining quality and efficiency of the equipment. Secondly, when this air flow passes through the surface to be machined, it will take away the heat on the surface, reduce the surface temperature, and improve the machining effect.

[0020] 3. The general tooling for this CNC vertical lathe, through the combined use of the pressure air pipe structure, the pressure valve structure, and the chuck structure, compared with the traditional technical structure, when the chuck rotates, the air flow discharged from the pressure valve will become a spiral air flow. The rotational movement of the spiral air flow can more effectively cover all areas of the surface to be machined, thereby increasing the cleaning effect. It can more thoroughly remove the chips on the surface. At the same time, the rotational movement of the spiral air flow will also increase the contact area between the air flow and the surface to be machined, thereby increasing the efficiency of heat transfer and can more effectively reduce the temperature of the surface to be machined, improving the cooling effect. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the general tooling for the CNC vertical lathe of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a front view of the structure of the general tooling for the CNC vertical lathe of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a side view of the structure of the general tooling for the CNC vertical lathe of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the top view of the structure of the general tooling for the numerically controlled vertical lathe of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 It is the sectional view A-A of the structure of the general tooling for the numerically controlled vertical lathe of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the chuck when installing the pressure air pipe for the general tooling of the numerically controlled vertical lathe of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the chuck of the general tooling for the numerically controlled vertical lathe of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 It is the rear side schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the chuck of the general tooling for the numerically controlled vertical lathe of the present utility model.

[0029] In the figure: 1-chuck, 2-chuck jaw, 3-sliding groove, 4-pressure air pipe, 5-pressure valve, 6-expansion pipe, 7-rotating disk, 8-fixed disk, 9-air cavity, 10-round groove, 11-fixed frame, 12-air filling pipe. Specific embodiments

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5, The general tooling for a numerically controlled vertical lathe includes a chuck 1, a jaw 2, and a sliding groove 3. A number of sliding grooves 3 are provided along the circumferential direction of the chuck 1. The jaw 2 is slidably installed in the sliding groove 3. On one side of the jaw 2 in contact with the surface of the workpiece to be machined, there is a pressure air pipe 4. One end of the pressure air pipe 4 is also equipped with a pressure valve 5 connected to its interior. The orientation of the pressure valve 5 is parallel to the axis of the chuck 1. When the jaw 2 fully clamps the workpiece to be machined, the pressure air pipe 4 contacts the workpiece and air exits from the pressure valve 5. The pressure air pipe 4 controls the clamping force of the jaw 2 by applying gas pressure to the jaw 2. When the gas fills the pressure air pipe 4, the jaw 2 is squeezed by the gas, generating sufficient clamping force to ensure that the workpiece is firmly fixed on the chuck 1. This design can ensure the stability and controllability of the clamping force, thus guaranteeing the safety and machining quality of the workpiece during the machining process. When the jaw 2 fully clamps the workpiece, the internal gas pressure will reach a certain level, causing the pressure valve 5 to open and the gas to be discharged through the exhaust valve port. This process of gas discharge can be used as an indication of the clamping state, reminding the operator that the jaw 2 has clamped the workpiece. This design is simple and effective. The operator can determine the clamping state by observing the gas discharge without relying on complex detection equipment or manual adjustment. The design of the pressure air pipe 4 makes the operation of clamping the workpiece more convenient. The operator only needs to start the inflation structure, and the gas will fill the pressure air pipe 4. Then the jaw 2 will automatically clamp the workpiece and indicate the completion of clamping by means of gas discharge. This automated design simplifies the operation process and improves the operation efficiency and convenience. Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , A circular groove 10 with an L-shaped cross-section is provided inside the jaw 2, and the pressure air pipe 4 is fixedly installed in the circular groove 10. The pressure air pipe 4 is made of a flexible material, and the flexible material is silicone or rubber. The surface of the pressure air pipe 4 is provided with an anti-slip surface. The flexible material can better adapt to the shapes of the jaw 2 and the workpiece, thus ensuring that the pressure air pipe 4 can make good contact with them and apply a uniform clamping force. Compared with hard materials, the flexible material is more likely to contact irregularly shaped workpieces, thereby improving the clamping stability and reliability. In addition, the anti-slip surface provided on the surface can increase the friction between the clamping force and the jaw 2.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , A telescopic pipe 6 connected to its interior is also slidably connected to the pressure air pipe 4. The telescopic pipe 6 enables the pressure air pipe 4 to be always connected to the telescopic pipe 6 during the movement of the jaw 2 in the sliding groove 3. The telescopic pipe 6 is fixedly connected to a rotating disk 7, and the rotating disk 7 is coaxially arranged with the chuck 1. A fixed disk 8 is also rotatably connected to the rotating disk 7. An air cavity 9 is provided between the rotating disk 7 and the fixed disk 8, and the telescopic pipe 6 is connected to the air cavity 9. Please refer toFigure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , An inflation pipe 12 communicating with the air cavity 9 is also installed on the fixed disk 8. The rotating disk 7 and the fixed disk 8 are connected by bearings. This design can improve the stability and durability of the tooling. The bearings can reduce the friction during rotation and ensure the smoothness and reliability of the rotation process. At the same time, the setting of the fixed disk 8 also increases the stability of the tooling on the machine tool, ensuring that there is no displacement or shaking during the machining process, thus guaranteeing the machining accuracy and quality. Through the design of the rotating disk 7, it can ensure that there is always gas filling in the pressure air pipe 4 during the rotation of the chuck 1. A fixing frame 11 is arranged on the fixed disk 8, and the fixing frame 11 is fixedly arranged on the machine tool. The setting of the fixing frame 11 can firmly fix the tooling on the machine tool, preventing it from moving, shaking or loosening during the machining process. This can ensure that the tooling remains stable during the machining process and will not affect the machining quality or safety due to instability. The diameters of the fixed disk 8 and the rotating disk 7 are larger than the diameter of the chuck 1.

[0033] Working principle: During use, connect the inflation pipe 12 to the inflation structure, and at the same time start the inflation structure to continuously inflate the air cavity 9 and the pressure air pipe 4 through the inflation pipe 12 until they are completely filled with gas. When installing the workpiece to be machined on the chuck 1, when the jaws 2 do not fully fit the workpiece to be machined, the pressure air pipe 4 is not sufficiently squeezed, resulting in the internal gas pressure not reaching the pressure level required at the exhaust valve port. At this time, the pressure valve 5 cannot discharge gas. When the jaws 2 fully fit the workpiece to be machined, the force of the jaws 2 will fully squeeze the pressure air pipe 4, causing the internal gas to be discharged through the exhaust valve port, reminding the operator that the jaws 2 have clamped the workpiece to be machined. This design mechanism is simple and effective. By observing whether the gas is discharged, the operator can easily determine whether the workpiece is safely clamped without relying on complex detection equipment or manual adjustment. This not only improves work efficiency but also ensures the safety and accuracy of the machining process.

[0034] During the machining process of the workpiece to be machined, by continuously inflating the air charging pipe 12, the internal pressure of the pressure air pipe 4 can be made greater than the exhaust pressure of the pressure valve 5, so that the gas is discharged from the pressure valve 5. Since the gas outlet direction of the pressure valve 5 coincides with the axis of the chuck 1, when the gas is discharged from the pressure valve 5, it will flow along the axis direction of the chuck 1, and this direction happens to intersect with the surface of the workpiece to be machined. This gas flow will generate a certain amount of power, sufficient to blow away the machining debris on the surface, thus preventing the accumulation of debris from affecting the machining quality. This design is equivalent to automatically cleaning the surface of the workpiece to be machined during the clamping process, avoiding the interference of debris, and ensuring the machining quality. This mechanism is applicable to workpieces that require high-precision machining. In this way, the tooling not only ensures the stability and reliability of clamping, but also ensures the cleanliness of the surface during the machining process, thereby improving the machining quality and efficiency of the equipment. Secondly, when this air flow passes through the machined surface, it will carry away the heat on the surface and reduce the surface temperature. This is very effective for some temperature-sensitive workpieces, because high temperature may cause deformation of the workpiece or affect the machining quality. And when the chuck 1 rotates, this air flow will become a spiral air flow. The rotational movement of the spiral air flow can more effectively cover all areas of the machined surface, thus increasing the cleaning effect. It can more thoroughly remove the debris on the surface. At the same time, the rotational movement of the spiral air flow will also increase the contact area between the air flow and the machined surface, thereby increasing the efficiency of heat transfer. It can more effectively reduce the temperature of the machined surface and improve the cooling effect.

[0035] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0036] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Universal tooling for CNC vertical lathe, including a chuck (1), a jaw (2), and a sliding groove (3). A number of the sliding grooves (3) are provided along the circumferential direction of the chuck (1), and the jaw (2) is slidably installed in the sliding groove (3). It is characterized in that: One side of the jaw (2) in contact with the surface of the workpiece is provided with a pressure air pipe (4). One end of the pressure air pipe (4) is also installed with a pressure valve (5) communicating with its interior. The orientation of the pressure valve (5) is parallel to the axis of the chuck (1). When the jaw (2) completely clamps the workpiece, the pressure air pipe (4) contacts the workpiece and exhausts air from the pressure valve (5).

2. The general tooling for CNC vertical lathes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A telescopic pipe (6) communicating with its interior is also slidably connected to the pressure air pipe (4). The telescopic pipe (6) is fixedly connected to a rotating disk (7). The rotating disk (7) is coaxially arranged with the chuck (1). A fixed disk (8) is also rotatably connected to the rotating disk (7). An air cavity (9) is arranged between the rotating disk (7) and the fixed disk (8). The telescopic pipe (6) communicates with the air cavity (9).

3. The general tooling for CNC vertical lathes according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inflation pipe (12) communicating with the air cavity (9) is also installed on the fixed disk (8).

4. The general tooling for a numerically controlled vertical lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating disk (7) and the fixed disk (8) are connected by a bearing.

5. The general tooling for a numerically controlled vertical lathe according to claim 2, wherein: A fixed frame (11) is arranged on the fixed disk (8), and the fixed frame (11) is fixedly arranged on the machine tool.

6. The general tooling for a numerically controlled vertical lathe according to claim 2, wherein: The diameters of the fixed disk (8) and the rotating disk (7) are larger than the diameter of the chuck (1).

7. The general tooling for a numerically controlled vertical lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular groove (10) with an L-shaped cross-section is formed inside the jaw (2), and the pressure air pipe (4) is fixedly installed in the circular groove (10).

8. The general tooling for a numerically controlled vertical lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure air pipe (4) is made of a flexible material, and an anti-slip surface is arranged on the surface of the pressure air pipe (4).

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