Hydraulic control magnetorheological polishing tool and polishing equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydraulic control magneto-rheological polishing tool and polishing equipment. The hydraulic control magneto-rheological polishing tool comprises a magnetic ball; the containing mechanism comprises a first shell and a second shell, a containing blind groove is formed in the first shell, a center through hole is formed in the second shell, and part of the magnetic ball penetrates through the center through hole to the outside of the second shell. No-dead-corner treatment can be achieved even when small-caliber, aspheric or corner workpiece surfaces are machined, meanwhile, the structure of a motor for driving the polishing wheel can be simplified, therefore, higher stability is provided for the surface material removing process, meanwhile, the precision of the polishing process is improved, and most importantly, the polishing efficiency is improved. The magnetic ball is only in contact with the magnetorheological fluid, so that the service life of the magnetic ball is greatly prolonged, and based on the structure, compared with a conventional polishing machining process, the magnetic ball polishing device has the advantages of being convenient to disassemble and assemble, low in cost, flexible to use, long in service life, wide in application range and the like, and has remarkable application prospects in the industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of polishing, and specifically refers to a liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool and a polishing device. Background Technique

[0002] With the continuous progress of precision machining technology, the manufacture of super-smooth surfaces has become increasingly important. In many fields such as aerospace, ultra-precision optics, navigation systems, semiconductor manufacturing, chip processing, and clinical medicine, the requirements for the surface quality of related components are constantly increasing. For precision mechanical parts, a better finish surface can reduce equipment wear. In the field of life sciences, the comprehensive performance and effective service life of implants are affected by the surface quality of components. Precision optical systems require improved resolution, image quality, and capture speed, and the surface roughness of optical devices can be improved to generate better evaluation photos. In addition, the finishing of some contour components and the inner surfaces of pipelines is difficult due to their complex surface contours. Therefore, according to specific factors and the requirements of application fields, magnetorheological polishing technology has gradually been developed and applied to the finishing treatment of such surfaces.

[0003] Magnetorheological fluid is an intelligent fluid, which is mainly composed of magnetic particles, abrasives, and a carrier fluid. In a natural environment, magnetorheological fluid behaves as a Newtonian fluid with a constant viscosity. In a specific environment, such as when the magnetorheological fluid is subjected to a certain magnetic field strength, its viscosity will suddenly increase, and it can transition from a liquid state to a semi-solid state, thereby generating a yield stress. Due to this unique non-linear rheological property, it has great application value in the precision finishing of high-precision and low-damage parts. In addition, due to its unique magnetic fluid loading mode and flexible polishing, a series of problems such as abrasive wear, tool clogging, and subsurface damage of workpieces are avoided.

[0004] The traditional magnetorheological polishing method is as follows: The magnetorheological fluid is pumped to the polishing area of the polishing wheel. Since an excitation device capable of generating a high-intensity gradient magnetic field is configured below the polishing area, the magnetorheological fluid forms a "flexible polishing mold" with a certain hardness under the action of this high-intensity gradient magnetic field. At the same time, the polishing abrasives are released from the "flexible polishing mold" under the action of the magnetic field. Due to the small gap between the workpiece and the polishing wheel, when the "flexible polishing mold" passes through this gap, shear stress will be generated on the workpiece surface, thereby effectively removing the surface material of the part.

[0005] For magnetorheological polishing finishing, the polishing tool is an indispensable part of the polishing system. The design of the vast majority of polishing tools is basically based on Figure 1As shown. In the prior art, most designs use polishing wheels to achieve the loading and adsorption of magnetorheological fluid. At present, magnetorheological polishing mainly uses magnetorheological polishing wheels as the main polishing tool. The polishing principle is that a servo motor controls the rotation of the polishing wheel. A magnetorheological spray head is installed in front of the upper flat plate of the polishing wheel support seat. The magnetorheological polishing fluid is sprayed out by the magnetorheological spray head through a circulation device and is confined to the polishing wheel under the action of a magnetic field to form a magnetorheological polishing belt. However, the installation process of this design is relatively complex and requires high operation precision. Secondly, the magnetorheological polishing fluid may cause wear to the polishing wheel during the hardening process.

[0006] In addition, the following drawbacks exist in other common magnetorheological polishing equipment at present:

[0007] 1. The overall size of the polishing wheel itself and the servo motor driving it is relatively large, and it is not easy to be frequently installed and disassembled on ordinary CNC machines / milling machines or robotic arms;

[0008] 2. For some specific polishing angles of the spiked ball (such as the 90° inner corner bend), the polishing belt of the polishing wheel cannot reach this special area;

[0009] 3. The polishing wheel itself is controlled by a servo motor, and its polishing trajectory is controlled by a driving system (CNC machine / milling machine or robot). Due to the vibration deviation factors of the driving system itself and the polishing wheel itself, the polishing accuracy is reduced, and the vibration deviation of the motor will also be greatly affected, resulting in the surface flatness or curvature of the material to be polished not meeting the specified standards;

[0010] 4. The manufacturing cost of the polishing wheel and its system is relatively high, and its cost is even more expensive if an electromagnetic device is equipped to control the magnetic field strength;

[0011] 5. Although in the prior art, the wear of the polishing wheel is reduced by strengthening the wear-resistant layer, the life attenuation of the polishing wheel by the recycling device cannot be avoided. Summary of the Invention

[0012] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present utility model is to overcome the problems of limited polishing angle, inflexible use, and short service life in the prior art, and provide a liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool and polishing equipment.

[0013] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model provides a liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool, which includes: a magnetic ball, the surface of the magnetic ball is coated with magnetorheological fluid; a housing mechanism, the housing mechanism includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing and the second housing are mutually attached and connected, the magnetic ball is fixed between the first housing and the second housing, wherein, a receiving blind groove is provided inside the first housing, and the receiving blind groove is recessed from the side of the first housing facing the second housing towards its interior, the second housing is provided with a central through hole, the central through hole penetrates the second housing in the arrangement direction of the first housing and the second housing, a part of the magnetic balls are fitted in the receiving blind groove, and the remaining part of the magnetic balls are clamped at the central through hole and pass through the central through hole to the outside of the second housing.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present utility model, the second housing is provided with an avoidance inclined surface, and in the direction away from the first housing, the avoidance inclined surface extends obliquely from the edge of the second housing towards its center.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present utility model, it further includes a connecting mechanism, and the first housing and the second housing are connected through the connecting mechanism.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present utility model, at least one first connecting hole is provided on the first housing, at least one second connecting hole is provided on the second housing, the connecting mechanism includes at least one screw, and at least one screw passes through the corresponding first connecting hole and the second connecting hole to connect the first housing and the second housing.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present utility model, the connecting mechanism further includes a connecting barrel clamp, one end of the connecting barrel clamp is arranged on the first housing, the other end is externally connected to a mobile device, and the connecting barrel clamp and the receiving blind groove are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the first housing.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present utility model, the magnetic ball is a permanent magnet, and the magnetorheological fluid includes magnetic particles, abrasives and a carrier liquid.

[0019] The present utility model also provides a polishing device, which includes a mobile device, at least one of the above liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tools and a moving mechanism, and the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool is connected to the moving mechanism.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present utility model, the moving mechanism includes a multi-joint robotic arm and a connecting piece, the connecting piece is connected to the mobile end of the robotic arm, and the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool is detachably connected to the connecting piece.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present utility model, it includes a plurality of the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tools, and different-diameter magnetic balls are respectively fixed inside the plurality of liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tools.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present utility model, it further includes a workbench, the moving mechanism is arranged on the workbench, a plurality of work stations are arranged on the workbench, and the plurality of work stations are all within the working range of the moving mechanism, and different workpieces to be polished are respectively fixed on the plurality of work stations.

[0023] The above technical solution of the present utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] For the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool and polishing equipment of the present utility model, the magnetic balls are fixed by the accommodating mechanism, and at the same time, a part of the magnetic balls with magnetorheological fluid on the surface penetrate to the outside of the second housing to realize the polishing process of the workpiece. Among them, the magnetic balls have a more comprehensive processing angle compared with conventional polishing structures such as polishing discs. Therefore, even when processing the surface of workpieces with small diameters, aspherical surfaces or corners, dead-angle-free processing can be achieved. At the same time, the present application can simplify the motor structure for driving the polishing wheel, thereby greatly reducing the vibration deviation caused during the polishing process, further providing higher stability for the process of removing surface materials, and also improving the accuracy of the polishing process. Most importantly, the magnetic balls in the present application only come into contact with the magnetorheological fluid, thereby greatly increasing their service life. Based on the above structure, compared with the conventional polishing process, the present application has the advantages of being easy to disassemble and assemble, low cost, flexible use, long service life and wide application range, and has significant application prospects in this industry. Description of the Drawings

[0025] In order to make the content of the present utility model easier to be clearly understood, the following further details the present utility model according to the specific embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool in the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the structural explosion schematic diagram of the shown liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool;

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the sectional view at A-A in;

[0029] Figure 4 is the principle schematic diagram of polishing using Figure 1 the shown liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a polishing device in another embodiment of the present utility model.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification: 100, magnetic balls; 110, magnetic particles; 120, abrasives; 200, accommodating mechanism; 210, first housing; 211, first connection hole; 220, second housing; 221, avoidance inclined surface; 222, second connection hole; 300, connection mechanism; 310, connection collet; 320, screw; 400, moving mechanism; 410, multi-joint robotic arm; 420, connecting piece; 500, workbench; 600, original component to be polished; 610, removed material. Specific embodiments

[0032] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present utility model and be able to implement it, but the illustrated embodiments are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] This embodiment provides a liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool, which includes: magnetic balls 100, and the surfaces of the magnetic balls 100 are coated with magnetorheological fluid; an accommodating mechanism 200, the accommodating mechanism 200 includes a first housing 210 and a second housing 220, the first housing 210 and the second housing 220 are mutually attached and connected, the magnetic balls 100 are fixed between the first housing 210 and the second housing 220, wherein, an accommodating blind groove is provided inside the first housing 210, and the accommodating blind groove is recessed from the side of the first housing 210 facing the second housing 220 towards its interior, the second housing 220 is provided with a central through hole, the central through hole penetrates the second housing 220 in the arrangement direction of the first housing 210 and the second housing 220, part of the magnetic balls 100 are fitted in the accommodating blind groove, and the rest of the magnetic balls 100 are clamped at the central through hole and pass through the central through hole to the outside of the second housing 220.

[0035] In the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool of the present utility model, the magnetic balls 100 are fixed by the accommodating mechanism 200, and at the same time, a part of the magnetic balls 100 with magnetorheological fluid coated on their surfaces penetrate outside the second housing 220 to achieve polishing of the workpiece. Among them, compared with conventional polishing structures such as polishing discs, the magnetic balls 100 have a more comprehensive processing angle. Therefore, even when processing the surfaces of workpieces with small diameters, aspherical surfaces or corners, dead-angle-free processing can be achieved. At the same time, this application can simplify the motor structure for driving the polishing wheel, thereby greatly reducing the vibration deviation caused during the polishing process, further providing higher stability for the process of removing surface materials, and also improving the accuracy of the polishing process. Most importantly, the magnetic balls 100 in this application are only in contact with the magnetorheological fluid, thus greatly increasing their service life. Based on the above structure, compared with the conventional polishing process, this application has the advantages of being easy to disassemble and assemble, low cost, flexible use, long service life and wide application range, and has significant application prospects in this industry.

[0036] See Figure 1 As shown, the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool in this embodiment is generally in the shape of a "top". When in use, the first housing 210 is located above the second housing 220, and the first housing 210 and the second housing 220 are buckled with each other to clamp and fix the magnetic balls 100. The lower part of the magnetic balls 100 passes through from the central through hole for magnetorheological polishing.

[0037] Further, see Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the first housing 210 is preferably a flat columnar element. Taking the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool shown in Figure 1 As a reference, the accommodating blind groove in this embodiment is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the first housing 210. It is recessed upward from the bottom surface of the first housing 210, and the shape of the accommodating blind groove is the same as a part of the surface shape of the magnetic ball 100, so that the top of the magnetic ball 100 can be completely fitted into the accommodating blind groove. Further, at least one first connection hole 211 is provided on the first housing 210. In this embodiment, four first connection holes 211 are evenly spaced on the first housing 210. The four first connection holes 211 are arranged on the edge of the upper surface of the first housing 210, and any first connection hole 211 penetrates through its body along the thickness direction of the first housing 210, thus facilitating connection with the second housing 220 using structures such as screws 320.

[0038] Correspondingly, the second housing 220 is preferably an inverted "conical" element. At least one second connection hole 222 is provided on the second housing 220. At least one of the screws 320 passes through the corresponding first connection hole 211 and the second connection hole 222 to connect the first housing 210 and the second housing 220. In this embodiment, the plane of the second housing 220 faces the first housing 210, and four second connection holes 222 are correspondingly provided thereon. The four second connection holes 222 are evenly spaced on the top surface of the second housing 220 and extend in the same direction as the first connection hole 211. When the first housing 210 and the second housing 220 are mutually attached, the four corresponding connection holes are respectively communicated with the four second connection holes 222. Thus, elements such as the screw 320 can simultaneously pass through and connect a set of corresponding first connection holes 211 and second connection holes 222 in the vertical direction to realize the connection between the first housing 210 and the second housing 220. Further, the second housing 220 is provided with an avoidance inclined surface 221. In the direction away from the first housing 210, the avoidance inclined surface 221 extends obliquely from the edge of the second housing 220 towards its center. On the one hand, such a structural setting can increase the contact area between the second housing 220 and the magnetic ball 100, thereby improving the support stability for the magnetic ball 100. On the other hand, it can also facilitate the magnetic ball 100 to extend into smaller working scenarios such as gaps and concave surfaces, thereby expanding the application range of the application.

[0039] Specifically, this embodiment includes its connection mechanism 300. The first housing 210 and the second housing 220 are connected through the connection mechanism 300. Further, the connection mechanism 300 includes at least one screw 320. Specifically, this embodiment includes four screws 320 to correspondingly insert into the four first connection holes 211. In other embodiments, the connection mechanism 300 may include a plug-in mechanism, a hinge, or other structures or elements that can realize the connection function between the first housing 210 and the second housing 220. The present utility model does not make specific limitations on this.

[0040] In this embodiment, the connecting mechanism 300 further includes a connecting collet 310. One end of the connecting collet 310 is disposed on the first housing 210, and the other end is externally connected to a mobile device. The connecting collet 310 and the accommodating blind groove are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first housing 210. Specifically, the connecting collet is disposed at the center of the first housing 210, and the mobile device may be a structure such as a robotic arm, a handling robot, or a mobile module. Further, the accommodating mechanism 200 and the connecting mechanism 300 in this embodiment are preferably made of aluminum alloy, thereby reducing the production and processing costs. In other embodiments, especially when this tool is applied to a high-strength environment, the corresponding base materials of the accommodating mechanism 200 and the connecting mechanism 300 can be replaced with metals having higher strength and non-magnetic or low magnetic permeability, such as austenitic stainless steel, etc., thereby avoiding the problem that the accommodating mechanism 200 and the connecting mechanism 300 are magnetized during long-term use, which in turn causes the magnetorheological fluid to be difficult to concentrate in the effective polishing area.

[0041] See Figure 4 As shown, the magnetic ball 100 is a permanent magnet. The magnetorheological fluid includes magnetic particles 110, abrasives 120, and a carrier fluid. Before use, the magnetic particles 110, abrasives 120, and the carrier fluid need to be uniformly mixed and then coated on the surface of the magnetic ball 100. Further, when this tool performs a polishing operation, it can generate arc-shaped magnetic field lines. Specifically, the specific working principle of the magnetorheological polishing tool in this embodiment is as follows: Using the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet magnetic ball 100, the magnetic particles 110 in the magnetorheological fluid are arranged in a chain-like structure along the magnetic field direction, thereby significantly increasing the viscosity and shear strength of the magnetorheological fluid, and thus forming a semi-solid magnetic abrasive 120. This magnetic abrasive 120 will rotate at a high speed with the ball head polishing tool on the surface of the workpiece. While moving, a large shear force is generated on the area of the workpiece surface in contact therewith, so that the removed material 610 is removed.

[0042] Embodiment Two

[0043] See Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a polishing device, which includes a mobile device, at least one liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool according to Embodiment One, and a moving mechanism 400. The liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool is connected to the moving mechanism 400. Further, the moving mechanism 400 includes a multi-joint robotic arm 410 and a connecting member 420. The connecting member 420 is connected to the mobile end of the robotic arm, and the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool is detachably connected to the connecting member 420. This embodiment includes a plurality of the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tools, and different diameters of magnetic balls 100 are respectively fixed inside the plurality of liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tools.

[0044] Further, this embodiment further includes a workbench 500, the moving mechanism 400 is disposed on the workbench 500, a plurality of workstations are provided on the workbench 500, and the plurality of workstations are all within the working range of the moving mechanism 400, and different elements 600 to be polished are respectively fixed on the plurality of workstations.

[0045] In summary, for the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool and polishing equipment of the present invention, the magnetic balls 100 are fixed by the accommodating mechanism 200, and at the same time, a part of the magnetic balls 100 with magnetorheological fluid on the surface penetrates outside the second housing 220 to realize the polishing process of the workpiece. The magnetic balls 100 have a more comprehensive processing angle compared with conventional polishing structures such as polishing discs. Therefore, even when processing the surface of workpieces with small diameters, aspherical surfaces or corners, dead-angle-free processing can be achieved. At the same time, the present application can simplify the motor structure for driving the polishing wheel, thereby greatly reducing the vibration deviation caused during the polishing process, further providing higher stability for the process of removing surface materials, and also improving the accuracy of the polishing process. Most importantly, the magnetic balls 100 in the present application only come into contact with the magnetorheological fluid, thereby greatly increasing their service life. Based on the above structure, compared with the conventional polishing process, the present application has the advantages of being easy to disassemble and assemble, low cost, flexible use, long service life and wide application range, and has significant application prospects in this industry.

[0046] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples clearly described and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool, characterized in that: Comprising: Magnetic balls, the surfaces of which are coated with magnetorheological fluid; A housing mechanism, the housing mechanism includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing and the second housing are mutually attached and connected, the magnetic balls are fixed between the first housing and the second housing, wherein, a receiving blind groove is provided inside the first housing, and the receiving blind groove is recessed from the side of the first housing facing the second housing towards its interior, the second housing is provided with a central through hole, the central through hole penetrates the second housing in the arrangement direction of the first housing and the second housing, a part of the magnetic balls are fitted in the receiving blind groove, and the rest of the magnetic balls are clamped at the central through hole and pass through the central through hole to the outside of the second housing.

2. The liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool according to claim 1, wherein: The second housing is provided with an avoidance inclined surface, and in the direction away from the first housing, the avoidance inclined surface extends obliquely from the edge of the second housing towards its center.

3. The liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool according to claim 1, wherein: It further includes a connection mechanism, and the first housing and the second housing are connected through the connection mechanism.

4. The liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool according to claim 3, wherein: At least one first connection hole is provided on the first housing, at least one second connection hole is provided on the second housing, the connection mechanism includes at least one screw, and at least one screw passes through the corresponding first connection hole and the second connection hole to connect the first housing and the second housing.

5. The liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool according to claim 3, wherein: The connection mechanism further includes a connection barrel clamp, one end of the connection barrel clamp is arranged on the first housing, the other end is externally connected to a mobile device, and the connection barrel clamp and the receiving blind groove are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the first housing.

6. The liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool according to claim 1, wherein: The magnetic balls are permanent magnets, and the magnetorheological fluid includes magnetic particles, abrasives and a carrier liquid.

7. A polishing device, characterized in that: Including a mobile device and at least one liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and a mobile mechanism, the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool is connected to the mobile mechanism.

8. The polishing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mobile mechanism includes a multi-joint robotic arm and a connecting member, the connecting member is connected to the mobile end of the robotic arm, and the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tool is detachably connected to the connecting member.

9. The polishing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: It includes a plurality of the liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tools, and different-diameter magnetic balls are respectively fixed inside the plurality of liquid-controlled magnetorheological polishing tools.

10. The polishing device according to claim 7, wherein: It further includes a workbench, the mobile mechanism is arranged on the workbench, a plurality of workstations are provided on the workbench, and the plurality of workstations are all arranged within the working range of the mobile mechanism, and different components to be polished are respectively fixed on the plurality of workstations.

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