Variable rigidity oil damper and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle suspension shock absorbers, and discloses a variable rigidity oil pressure shock absorber which comprises a shock absorber body, a displacement sensor and a damping assembly, the shock absorber body comprises an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a piston rod, a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve, and an oil storage cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder; the first end of the piston rod penetrates through the outer cylinder, extends into the inner cylinder, is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the cavity and divides the cavity of the inner cylinder into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity, and the second end of the piston rod is used for being connected with an external mechanism; the first one-way valve is used for communicating the rod cavity with the rodless cavity; the second one-way valve is used for communicating the rodless cavity with the oil storage cavity, and the second one-way valve and the first one-way valve are oppositely arranged; the damping assembly comprises a damping pipeline, a switch electromagnetic valve and a damping adjusting unit. The piston rod can be switched between a slidable state and a non-slidable state through the on-off electromagnetic valve, so that shaking of a vehicle body is reduced when the vehicle passes through a limited boundary area, and interference with facilities is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle suspension shock absorbers, in particular to a variable rigidity hydraulic shock absorber and a vehicle. Background Technique

[0002] Hydraulic shock absorber products are widely used in the field of rail transit vehicle suspension, and are used to attenuate high- and low-frequency vibrations caused by irregularities on the wheel surface, track unevenness, curves, wind resistance, etc. during vehicle operation, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the vehicle on the line. In some areas, existing tunnels, culverts are utilized, or ancient cities are passed through. The road surface facilities are close to the track line, and it is inconvenient or impossible to widen them on both sides, which poses a certain challenge to the safe passing performance of rail vehicles. This requires that when the vehicle passes through this area, it is necessary to control the vehicle contour trajectory and run at a reduced speed. Since there is a certain amount of lateral flexible sway during vehicle operation to improve the running smoothness and comfort of the vehicle, there may be interference between the vehicle body and facilities when passing through these areas, and it is necessary to control the lateral sway during operation in this area. Designing the lateral hydraulic shock absorber without changing the vehicle body structure so that it can provide flexible damping during normal line operation and become a rigid pull rod when passing through these characteristic areas will be a better solution.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new variable rigidity hydraulic shock absorber to solve the above technical problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a variable rigidity hydraulic shock absorber, aiming to solve the problem that the existing vehicle is prone to interference with facilities when passing through narrow areas.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the variable rigidity hydraulic shock absorber proposed by the utility model includes a shock absorber body, a displacement sensor and a damping assembly.

[0006] The shock absorber body includes an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a piston rod, a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve; the inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder, a hydraulic oil storage cavity is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and a cavity is formed in the inner cylinder; the first end of the piston rod passes through the outer cylinder and extends into the inner cylinder to be in sliding contact with the inner wall of the cavity, and divides the cavity into a rod chamber and a rodless chamber, and the second end of the piston rod is used to connect with an external mechanism; the first one-way valve is arranged at the first end of the piston rod, and the first one-way valve is used to unidirectionally communicate the rod chamber and the rodless chamber; the second one-way valve is arranged on the inner cylinder, and the second one-way valve is used to unidirectionally communicate the rodless chamber and the hydraulic oil storage cavity, and the communication direction of the second one-way valve is opposite to that of the first one-way valve.

[0007] The displacement sensor is arranged on the central axis of the outer cylinder.

[0008] The damping assembly includes a damping pipeline, a switch solenoid valve, and a damping adjustment unit. One end of the damping pipeline communicates with the rod chamber, and the other end communicates with the oil storage chamber. The switch solenoid valve and the damping adjustment unit are sequentially connected in series to the damping pipeline.

[0009] Optionally, the outer cylinder includes a cylinder body, a base, and a guide seat. An oil storage chamber is provided inside the cylinder body. The base is threadedly connected to the first end of the cylinder body and is connected to the inner cylinder. The guide seat includes a pressing member and a screw cap. The pressing member is disposed at the opening of the oil storage chamber and is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the oil storage chamber. The screw cap is disposed at one end of the pressing member away from the oil storage chamber and is threadedly connected to the second end of the cylinder body to press the inner cylinder by the pressing member.

[0010] Optionally, a stepped surface is formed at one end of the pressing member away from the oil storage chamber, and a boss matching the stepped surface is formed at one end of the screw cap close to the pressing member. The outer cylinder further includes a first seal and a second seal. The first seal is disposed between the stepped surface and the boss, and the second seal is disposed between the base and the first end of the cylinder body.

[0011] Optionally, the variable rigidity oil pressure shock absorber further includes a guide oil pipe disposed in the oil storage chamber, and both ends of the guide oil pipe are respectively connected to the guide seat and the base. A first oil passage communicating with the rod chamber is provided on the guide seat, and a second oil passage communicating with the rodless chamber is provided on the base. The first oil passage communicates with the second oil passage through the guide oil pipe.

[0012] Optionally, the variable rigidity oil pressure shock absorber further includes a Gleason ring, a skeleton oil seal, and a skeleton dust seal coaxially arranged in the direction from the base to the guide seat. The Gleason ring and the skeleton oil seal are both disposed between the piston rod and the pressing member, and the skeleton dust seal is disposed between the piston rod and the screw cap.

[0013] Optionally, the piston rod is provided with a mounting hole. One end of the displacement sensor is connected to the outer cylinder, and the other end extends into the mounting hole.

[0014] Optionally, the damping adjustment unit includes a damping hole structure and a plurality of unloading valves connected in parallel with the damping hole structure, and each unloading valve can adjust different gradient opening pressures.

[0015] Optionally, the damping assembly further includes an overflow valve, and the overflow valve is arranged in parallel with the switch solenoid valve and the damping adjustment unit.

[0016] Optionally, the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber further includes a control component, which is electrically connected to the displacement sensor and the switching solenoid valve respectively.

[0017] In addition, the present invention also provides a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body, a vehicle controller, and the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber as described above. The vehicle controller and the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber are both disposed on the vehicle body, and the vehicle controller is electrically connected to the control component.

[0018] In the technical solution of the present invention, when the vehicle is driving in a normal area, the switching solenoid valve is not powered on, and the damping pipeline is opened so that the damping adjustment unit is communicated with the rodless cavity. At this time, the piston rod can stretch and compress to provide damping force to attenuate lateral vibration, thereby reducing the lateral stiffness of the vehicle and improving the vehicle stability and ride comfort. When the vehicle enters the defined boundary area for driving, according to the detection and transmission of the vehicle controller to the controller to execute the rigid pull rod mode, at this time, the controller outputs power on to the switching solenoid valve when the shock absorber displacement sensor detects that the vehicle body is in the central position. The switching solenoid valve blocks the oil circuit between the damping adjustment unit and the rodless cavity, so that the piston rod cannot stretch and compress and becomes a rigid pull rod, restricting the lateral swing of the vehicle body to pass through the defined boundary area. At this time, the lateral stiffness of the vehicle increases, thereby reducing the lateral sway of the vehicle body to prevent the vehicle body from interfering with facilities beyond the defined boundary area. Description of the Drawings

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the oil circuit of the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the use of the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is another schematic diagram of the use of the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings:

[0025] 100 Variable-rigidity hydraulic shock absorber, 1 shock absorber body, 1.1 outer cylinder, 1.1.1 cylinder block, A1 oil storage chamber, 1.1.2 base, A2 second oil passage, 1.1.3 guide seat, A3 first oil passage, A4 pressing member, B1 stepped surface, A5 screw cap, B2 boss, 1.2 inner cylinder, 1.2.1 rod chamber, 1.2.2 rodless chamber, 1.3 piston rod, 1.3.1 mounting hole, 1.4 first check valve, 1.5 second check valve, 1.6 first seal, 1.6.1 gasket, 1.6.2 sealing ring, 1.6.3 washer, 1.7 second seal, 2 displacement sensor, 3 damping assembly, 3.1 damping pipeline, 3.2 switching solenoid valve, 3.3 damping adjustment unit, 3.3.1 damping hole structure, 3.3.2 unloading valve, 3.4 overflow valve, 4 oil guide pipe, 5 Gleason ring, 6 skeleton oil seal, 7 skeleton dust seal, 8 control assembly, 9 car body, 10 vehicle controller, 20 bogie, 30 defined limit.

[0026] The realization, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the claims.

[0028] The present invention provides a variable-rigidity hydraulic shock absorber, abbreviated as shock absorber, aiming to solve the problem that existing vehicles are prone to interference with facilities when passing through narrow areas.

[0029] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber 100 includes a shock absorber body 1, a displacement sensor 2, and a damping assembly 3. The shock absorber body 1 includes an outer cylinder 1.1, an inner cylinder 1.2, a piston rod 1.3, a first check valve 1.4, and a second check valve 1.5. The inner cylinder 1.2 is disposed within the outer cylinder 1.1. An oil storage chamber A1 is formed between the outer cylinder 1.1 and the inner cylinder 1.2, and a cavity is formed within the inner cylinder 1.2. The first end of the piston rod 1.3 passes through the outer cylinder 1.1 and extends into the inner cylinder 1.2 to slidably contact the inner wall of the cavity, dividing the cavity into a rod chamber 1.2.1 and a rodless chamber 1.2.2. The second end of the piston rod 1.3 is for connecting to an external mechanism. The first check valve 1.4 is disposed at the first end of the piston rod 1.3, and the first check valve 1.4 is used to unidirectionally communicate the rod chamber 1.2.1 and the rodless chamber 1.2.2. The second check valve 1.5 is disposed on the inner cylinder 1.2, and the second check valve 1.5 is used to unidirectionally communicate the rodless chamber 1.2.2 and the oil storage chamber A1, and the communication direction of the second check valve 1.5 is opposite to that of the first check valve 1.4. The displacement sensor 2 is disposed on the central axis of the outer cylinder 1.1. The damping assembly 3 includes a damping pipeline 3.1, a switching solenoid valve 3.2, and a damping adjustment unit 3.3. One end of the damping pipeline 3.1 is communicated with the rod chamber 1.2.1, and the other end is communicated with the oil storage chamber A1. The switching solenoid valve 3.2 and the damping adjustment unit 3.3 are sequentially connected in series in the damping pipeline 3.1.

[0030] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , when the vehicle is traveling in a normal area, the switching solenoid valve 3.2 is de-energized and the damping pipeline 3.1 is opened so that the damping adjustment unit is communicated with the rod chamber. At this time, the piston rod 1.3 can stretch and compress to provide damping force to attenuate lateral vibration, thereby reducing the lateral stiffness of the vehicle and improving the vehicle stability and ride comfort. Specifically: when the shock absorber is stretched, the piston rod 1.3 elongates, the volume of the rod chamber 1.2.1 becomes smaller and the pressure increases, the volume of the rodless chamber 1.2.2 becomes larger and the pressure decreases. At this time, the first check valve 1.4 closes and the second check valve 1.5 opens. The oil in the rod chamber 1.2.1 flows through the damping pipeline 3.1, sequentially passes through the switching solenoid valve 3.2 and the damping adjustment unit 3.3 to generate a damping effect, and then flows into the oil storage chamber A1. At the same time, the rodless chamber 1.2.2 sucks oil through the second check valve 1.5, and the pressure difference acting on the piston causes the shock absorber to generate a tensile damping force. When the shock absorber is compressed, the piston rod 1.3 contracts, the volume of the rodless chamber 1.2.2 becomes smaller, and the total volume of the rod chamber 1.2.1 and the rodless chamber 1.2.2 becomes smaller. At this time, the first check valve 1.4 opens and the second check valve 1.5 closes. After the oil in the rodless chamber 1.2.2 enters the rod chamber 1.2.1 through the first check valve 1.4, it flows through the damping pipeline 3.1, sequentially passes through the damping adjustment unit 3.3 to generate a damping effect and the switching solenoid valve 3.2, and then flows into the oil storage chamber A1. At this time, the area difference of the pressure acting on the piston causes the shock absorber to generate a compression damping force.

[0031] When the vehicle enters the restricted boundary area for driving, according to the detection of the vehicle controller 10, the rigid pull rod mode is transmitted to the controller for execution. At this time, when the controller detects that the vehicle body 9 is in the central position through the shock absorber displacement sensor 2, the switching solenoid valve 3.2 is energized. The switching solenoid valve blocks the oil circuit between the damping adjustment unit and the rod chamber, so that the piston rod 1.3 cannot be stretched or compressed, and becomes a rigid pull rod, restricting the lateral swing of the vehicle body 9 through the restricted boundary 30 area. At this time, the lateral stiffness of the vehicle increases, thereby reducing the lateral sway of the vehicle body 9 to prevent the vehicle body 9 from exceeding the restricted boundary 30 area and interfering with facilities.

[0032] Based on the above embodiments, the outer cylinder 1.1 includes a cylinder body 1.1.1, a base 1.1.2, and a guide seat 1.1.3. An oil storage chamber A1 is provided in the cylinder body 1.1.1; the base 1.1.2 is threadedly connected to the first end of the cylinder body 1.1.1, and the base 1.1.2 is connected to the inner cylinder 1.2; the guide seat 1.1.3 includes a pressing member A4 and a screw cap A5. The pressing member A4 is disposed at the opening of the oil storage chamber A1 and is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the oil storage chamber A1; the screw cap A5 is disposed at one end of the pressing member A4 away from the oil storage chamber A1 and is threadedly connected to the second end of the cylinder body 1.1.1 to press the inner cylinder 1.2 by the pressing member A4. By cooperating the screw cap A5 and the pressing member A4 to press the inner cylinder 1.2, the tightness of the cooperation between the pressing member A4 and the inner cylinder 1.2 is ensured, and the sealing performance is improved.

[0033] Specifically, a stepped surface B1 is formed at one end of the pressing member A4 away from the oil storage chamber A1, and a boss B2 matching the stepped surface B1 is formed at one end of the screw cap A5 close to the pressing member A4; the outer cylinder 1.1 further includes a first seal 1.6 and a second seal 1.7. The first seal 1.6 is disposed between the stepped surface B1 and the boss B2, and the second seal 1.7 is disposed between the base 1.1.2 and the first end of the cylinder body 1.1.1. The first seal 1.6 is successively provided with a washer 1.6.3, a sealing ring 1.6.2, and a gasket 1.6.1, forming a static seal structure between the guide seat 1.1.3 and the cylinder body 1.1.1 to prevent oil from leaking through the screw cap A5 of the guide seat 1.1.3. The boss B2 of the screw cap A5 is abutted against the stepped surface B1 of the pressing member A4, and the first seal 1.6 is disposed between the boss B2 and the stepped surface B1 to ensure the sealing performance between the guide seat 1.1.3 and the cylinder body 1.1.1, and the second seal 1.7 is disposed between the base 1.1.2 and the first end of the cylinder body 1.1.1 to ensure the sealing performance between the base 1.1.2 and the cylinder body 1.1.1.

[0034] Further, the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber 100 further includes a guide oil pipe 4 disposed in the oil storage chamber A1, and both ends of the guide oil pipe 4 are respectively connected to the guide seat 1.1.3 and the base 1.1.2; a first oil passage A3 communicating with the rod chamber 1.2.1 is provided on the guide seat 1.1.3, and a second oil passage A2 communicating with the rodless chamber 1.2.2 is provided on the base 1.1.2, and the first oil passage A3 is communicated with the second oil passage A2 through the guide oil pipe 4. The guide oil pipe 4 is used to communicate the first oil passage A3 and the second oil passage A2, so as to form a complete oil passage with the damping pipeline 3.1, facilitating the damping adjustment unit 3.3 to adjust the damping, and the on-off solenoid valve 3.2 to control the on-off of the oil passage to achieve the stiffness switching of the shock absorber.

[0035] Furthermore, the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber 100 further includes a Gleason ring 5, a skeleton oil seal 6 and a skeleton dust seal 7 coaxially arranged in the direction from the base 1.1.2 to the guide seat 1.1.3. The Gleason ring 5 and the skeleton oil seal 6 are both arranged between the piston rod 1.3 and the pressing member A4, and the skeleton dust seal 7 is arranged between the piston rod 1.3 and the screw cap A5. The Gleason ring 5, the skeleton oil seal 6 and the skeleton dust seal 7 are arranged between the piston rod 1.3 and the guide seat 1.1.3 to prevent oil leakage from the connection between the piston rod 1.3 and the guide seat 1.1.3.

[0036] In addition, the piston rod 1.3 is provided with a mounting hole 1.3.1. One end of the displacement sensor 2 is connected to the base 1.1.2, and the other end extends into the mounting hole 1.3.1. The mounting hole 1.3.1 is provided on the piston rod 1.3 to prevent interference between the piston rod 1.3 and the displacement sensor 2 during the movement of the piston rod 1.3, so as to ensure the accuracy of the detection result of the shock absorber by the displacement sensor 2.

[0037] In an embodiment, the damping adjustment unit 3.3 includes a damping hole structure 3.3.1 and a plurality of unloading valves 3.3.2 connected in parallel with the damping hole structure 3.3.1, and each unloading valve 3.3.2 can adjust different gradient opening pressures. The number of the unloading valves 3.3.2 can be set according to the damping-velocity characteristic requirements of the shock absorber. The damping adjustment unit 3.3 can generate a damping effect on the oil passage and can adjust the magnitude of the damping effect, so as to achieve precise adjustment of the damping effect of the shock absorber.

[0038] In addition, the damping assembly 3 further includes a relief valve 3.4, and the relief valve 3.4 is arranged in parallel with the on-off solenoid valve 3.2 and the damping adjustment unit 3.3. When the lateral impact force of the vehicle exceeds the vehicle's rigid bearing range, the relief valve 3.4 slightly opens to buffer and reduce the lateral instantaneous impact force of the system, protecting the safety of the vehicle frame and the shock absorber.

[0039] The variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber 100 further includes a control component 8, and the control component 8 is electrically connected to the displacement sensor 2 and the switching solenoid valve 3.2 respectively. The control component 8 can receive the detection result of the displacement sensor 2 and control the energization and de-energization of the switching solenoid valve 3.2 according to the detection result.

[0040] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body 9, a vehicle controller 10, and the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber 100 as described above. The vehicle controller 10 and the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber 100 are both disposed on the vehicle body 9, and the vehicle controller 10 is electrically connected to the control component 8. The vehicle further includes a bogie 20, and the bogie 20 is connected to the vehicle body 9 through the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber 100. When the vehicle is traveling in a normal area, the displacement sensor 2 transmits the detection result to the vehicle controller 10 through the control component 8. The vehicle controller 10 detects and transmits to the control component 8 to execute the conventional damping mode. At this time, the control component 8 outputs that the switching solenoid valve 3.2 is not energized. When the vehicle enters the defined boundary area for driving, the displacement sensor 2 transmits the detection result to the vehicle controller 10 through the control component 8. The vehicle controller 10 detects and transmits to the control component 8 to execute the rigid tie rod mode. At this time, when the control component 8 detects through the shock absorber displacement sensor 2 that the vehicle body 9 is in the central position, the switching solenoid valve 3.2 is energized. At this time, the lateral stiffness of the vehicle increases, and the vehicle needs to reduce speed to pass. When the displacement sensor 2 detects that the position of the shock absorber has changed or is not in the central position of the vehicle, it feeds back to the vehicle controller 10 for further speed reduction or taking other safety measures.

[0041] Since the vehicle includes the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber 100 as described above, the vehicle has all the beneficial effects of the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber 100, and will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0042] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the inventive concept of the present invention by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or any direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber, characterized in that, The variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber (100) includes a shock absorber body (1), a displacement sensor (2), and a damping assembly (3). The shock absorber body (1) includes an outer cylinder (1.1), an inner cylinder (1.2), a piston rod (1.3), a first one-way valve (1.4), and a second one-way valve (1.5); the inner cylinder (1.2) is disposed within the outer cylinder (1.1), an oil storage chamber (A1) is formed between the outer cylinder (1.1) and the inner cylinder (1.2), and a cavity is formed within the inner cylinder (1.2); a first end of the piston rod (1.3) passes through the outer cylinder (1.1) and extends into the inner cylinder (1.2) to be in sliding contact with the inner wall of the cavity, and divides the cavity into a rod chamber (1.2.1) and a rodless chamber (1.2.2), a second end of the piston rod (1.3) is for connection with an external mechanism; the first one-way valve (1.4) is disposed at the first end of the piston rod (1.3), and the first one-way valve (1.4) is for unidirectionally communicating the rod chamber (1.2.1) and the rodless chamber (1.2.2); the second one-way valve (1.5) is disposed on the inner cylinder (1.2), and the second one-way valve (1.5) is for unidirectionally communicating the rodless chamber (1.2.2) and the oil storage chamber (A1), and the second one-way valve (1.5) is arranged in a direction opposite to the communication direction of the first one-way valve (1.4). The displacement sensor (2) is disposed on the central axis of the outer cylinder (1.1). The damping assembly (3) includes a damping pipeline (3.1), a switching solenoid valve (3.2), and a damping adjustment unit (3.3), one end of the damping pipeline (3.1) is communicated with the rod chamber (1.2.1), and the other end is communicated with the oil storage chamber (A1); the switching solenoid valve (3.2) and the damping adjustment unit (3.3) are successively connected in series in the damping pipeline (3.1).

2. The variable rigidity hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer cylinder (1.1) includes a cylinder body (1.1.1), a base (1.1.2), and a guide seat (1.1.3), the oil storage chamber (A1) is provided within the cylinder body (1.1.1); the base (1.1.2) is threadedly connected to a first end of the cylinder body (1.1.1), and the base (1.1.2) is connected to the inner cylinder (1.2); the guide seat (1.1.3) includes a pressing member (A4) and a screw cap (A5), the pressing member (A4) is disposed at an opening of the oil storage chamber (A1) and is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the oil storage chamber (A1); the screw cap (A5) is disposed at an end of the pressing member (A4) away from the oil storage chamber (A1) and is threadedly connected to a second end of the cylinder body (1.1.1) to press the inner cylinder (1.2).

3. The variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein One end of the pressing member (A4) away from the oil storage cavity (A1) forms a stepped surface (B1), and one end of the screw cap (A5) close to the pressing member (A4) forms a boss (B2) matching the stepped surface (B1); the outer cylinder (1.1) further includes a first seal (1.6) and a second seal (1.7), the first seal (1.6) is arranged between the stepped surface (B1) and the boss (B2), and the second seal (1.7) is arranged between the base (1.1.2) and the first end of the cylinder block (1.1.1).

4. The variable rigidity hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber (100) further includes a guide oil pipe (4), the guide oil pipe (4) is arranged in the oil storage cavity (A1), and two ends of the guide oil pipe (4) are respectively connected with the guide seat (1.1.3) and the base (1.1.2); a first oil passage (A3) communicating with the rod chamber (1.2.1) is arranged on the guide seat (1.1.3), a second oil passage (A2) communicating with the rodless chamber (1.2.2) is arranged on the base (1.1.2), and the first oil passage (A3) is communicated with the second oil passage (A2) through the guide oil pipe (4).

5. The variable rigidity hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that The variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber further includes a Gleason ring (5), a skeleton oil seal (6) and a skeleton dust seal (7) coaxially arranged along the direction from the base (1.1.2) to the guide seat (1.1.3), the Gleason ring (5) and the skeleton oil seal (6) are both arranged between the piston rod (1.3) and the pressing member (A4), and the skeleton dust seal (7) is arranged between the piston rod (1.3) and the screw cap (A5).

6. The variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The piston rod (1.3) is provided with a mounting hole (1.3.1), one end of the displacement sensor (2) is connected with the outer cylinder (1.1), and the other end extends into the mounting hole (1.3.1).

7. The variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The damping adjustment unit (3.3) includes a damping hole structure (3.3.1) and a plurality of unloading valves (3.3.2) connected in parallel with the damping hole structure (3.3.1), and each unloading valve (3.3.2) can adjust different gradient opening pressures.

8. The variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The damping assembly (3) further includes a relief valve (3.4), and the relief valve (3.4) is arranged in parallel with the switching solenoid valve (3.2) and the damping adjustment unit (3.3).

9. The variable rigidity hydraulic shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber (100) further includes a control assembly (8), and the control assembly (8) is electrically connected with the displacement sensor (2) and the switching solenoid valve (3.2) respectively.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a vehicle body (9), a vehicle controller (10) and the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber (100) as claimed in claim 9, the vehicle controller (10) and the variable stiffness hydraulic shock absorber are both arranged on the vehicle body (9), and the vehicle controller (10) is electrically connected with the control assembly (8).

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