Gearbox

Abstract

The utility model relates to a gear box which comprises a box body and an end cover. A low-speed gear, a high-speed gear and at least one intermediate-stage gear; the at least two transmission shafts support the high-speed-stage gear and the intermediate-stage gear and are supported by bearings, and the bearings supporting the transmission shafts are installed in bearing holes formed in the flanges of the driven box body; the lubricating device comprises an oil scraping plate; an oil guide (45); the oil guide is composed of a transverse groove-shaped part and a longitudinal groove-shaped part which jointly define a guide path at least partially obliquely extending downwards, and the transverse groove-shaped part is arranged relative to the oil scraping plate to guide lubricating oil scraped by the oil scraping plate into the guide path. The longitudinal groove-shaped component enables the lubricating oil in the guide path to reach the position above each flange and the position above at least one gear limiting each gear meshing part only under the action of gravity, and the bearing lubricating groove channel comprises a box body hole penetrating through the box body and extending to the position above the flange and a flow channel (73) located on the inner surface of the end cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a gearbox. Background Art

[0002] For a gearbox, especially a gearbox with a labyrinth seal structure, when the lubricating oil level in the gearbox is low, it is difficult for the small gear of the high-speed stage to come into direct contact with the lubricating oil, and the immersion depth of the large gear of the low-speed stage will also be correspondingly reduced. The lubrication and heat dissipation of the internal components of the gearbox, including gears and bearings, are difficult to be fully satisfied.

[0003] Solutions to the above problems include adding a forced lubrication device (such as an end shaft pump or a motor pump or an oil station, etc.) outside the gearbox, designing a complex lubricating oil path inside the gearbox, or combining the two. These solutions may be able to solve the problems caused by local overheating of the internal components of the gearbox. However, obviously, these solutions are complex in design, high in cost, prone to additional problems, and difficult to repair. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to improve the gearbox structure and simplify the structure of the lubrication device while solving the problem.

[0005] This purpose is achieved by the gearbox of this application.

[0006] The gearbox of this application includes: a box body; at least three stages of gears located inside the box body, the at least three stages of gears at least including a low-speed stage gear with a larger diameter, a high-speed stage gear with a smaller diameter, and at least one intermediate stage gear for transmitting motion between the low-speed stage gear and the high-speed stage gear; a large gear shaft for supporting the low-speed stage gear, and at least two drive shafts for supporting the high-speed stage gear and the intermediate stage gear, each drive shaft extends parallel to the large gear shaft and is supported by bearings, the high-speed stage gear and the intermediate stage gear define at least one gear meshing part, and the bearings are installed in bearing holes formed on a flange extending from the box body into the gearbox; an end cover attached to the box body to cover the bearing holes, the end cover having an inner surface facing the inside of the gearbox; a lubrication device, which includes: an oil scraping plate arranged close to the low-speed stage gear to scrape off the lubricating oil carried by it; an oil guide suspended on the top wall of the box body through a bracket; and a bearing lubrication channel for the bearings.

[0007] The oil guide is composed of one or more transverse groove-shaped components and one or more longitudinal groove-shaped components that jointly define a guiding path extending at least partially downward and obliquely. The transverse groove-shaped components are arranged relative to the oil scraping plate such that the lubricating oil scraped off by the oil scraping plate enters the guiding path under the action of gravity. The longitudinal groove-shaped components extend transversely to the transverse groove-shaped components and are configured to enable the lubricating oil in the guiding path to reach only under the action of gravity the positions above each of the flanges and at least one of the pair of gears defining each of the gear engagement portions. The bearing lubrication channel includes a housing hole passing through the housing and a flow channel located on the inner surface of the end cover. The housing hole extends to the outer peripheral surface of the flange to receive the lubricating oil from the guiding path. The flow channel extends radially such that when the end cover is attached to the housing, the housing hole is in fluid communication with the bearing hole.

[0008] In one embodiment, the transverse groove-shaped component includes a first transverse groove-shaped component connected to the oil scraping plate and extending downward and obliquely. The oil scraping plate is located between the first transverse groove-shaped component and the low-speed stage gear.

[0009] In one embodiment, one or more orifices extending axially through are formed in the first side wall of the connected oil scraping plate and the first transverse groove-shaped component.

[0010] In one embodiment, the transverse groove-shaped component further includes a terminal transverse groove-shaped component farthest from the low-speed stage gear and at least one intermediate transverse groove-shaped component located between the first transverse groove-shaped component and the terminal transverse groove-shaped component.

[0011] In one embodiment, the longitudinal groove-shaped component includes an intermediate longitudinal groove-shaped component connecting adjacent transverse groove-shaped components and a terminal longitudinal groove-shaped component connected to the terminal transverse groove-shaped component. Opposite ends of each longitudinal groove-shaped component terminate at positions above the two flanges for supporting two bearings.

[0012] In one embodiment, one or more of the longitudinal groove-shaped components include one or more through holes at positions above the gears.

[0013] In one embodiment, each of the longitudinal groove-shaped components extends horizontally.

[0014] In one embodiment, the gearbox further includes an oil baffle extending upward from one of the longitudinal groove-shaped components.

[0015] In one embodiment, the oil baffle extends upward from one of the intermediate longitudinal groove-shaped components.

[0016] In one embodiment, the bracket includes at least one first mounting member, one end of the first mounting member is connected to the oil baffle, and the other end is fixed to the top wall.

[0017] In one embodiment, the bracket further includes at least one second mounting member, one end of the second mounting member is connected to the first lateral channel-shaped member, and the other end is fixed to the side wall or the top wall of the box body.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first mounting member and the second mounting member are L-shaped brackets.

[0019] In one embodiment, the lateral channel-shaped member includes only one lateral channel-shaped member, and the longitudinal channel-shaped member includes a first-side longitudinal channel-shaped member extending from the first side of the lateral channel-shaped member and extending to a position above one of the flanges, and a second-side longitudinal channel-shaped member extending from the opposite second side of the lateral channel-shaped member and extending to a position above one of the flanges.

[0020] In one embodiment, each of the first-side longitudinal channel-shaped member and the second-side longitudinal channel-shaped member extends horizontally or obliquely downward.

[0021] In one embodiment, the longitudinal channel-shaped member includes one or more through holes located above the gear.

[0022] In one embodiment, the longitudinal channel-shaped member further includes an additional longitudinal channel-shaped member extending from the lateral channel-shaped member and terminating at a position above the gear or above the gear engagement portion.

[0023] The gearbox of the present application includes a lubrication device with a simplified structure. The lubrication device of the present application first includes an oil scraper for scraping off the lubricating oil carried during the rotation of the large gear at the low-speed stage, such as an oil scraping plate. The lubrication device also includes an oil guide for defining a lubricating oil guiding path, which is used to guide the lubricating oil scraped off by the oil scraper above all the bearings and gears that need to be lubricated (i.e., the bearings and gears of the transmission shaft where the intermediate-stage or high-speed-stage gears are located). The oil guide of the present application is only composed of transverse and longitudinal groove-shaped components, and these components are all simple mechanical components (such as profiles, such as channel steel). The lubrication device also includes a bearing lubrication channel for each bearing. The bearing lubrication channel includes a housing hole penetrating the housing and a flow channel formed on the end cover. The housing hole extends to the outer peripheral surface of the flange defining the bearing hole for receiving the lubricating oil from the guiding path. The housing hole can be formed by simply performing a drilling operation on the housing. The flow channel on the end cover is integrally formed on its inner surface during the formation step of the end cover (such as casting). The flow channel extends radially so that when the end cover is attached to the housing to cover the bearing hole, the housing hole is in fluid communication with the bearing hole, so that the lubricating oil received by the housing hole enters the bearing hole via the flow channel and reaches the bearing after passing through the positioning ring, realizing the lubrication of the bearing. The present application does not require complex machining operations such as milling on the large and heavy housing, greatly simplifying the machining operation of the gearbox and reducing the resulting costs. In addition, the present application does not require any machining operations on the end cover, and the flow channel is integrally formed during the formation of the end cover, saving costs to the greatest extent. Therefore, the gearbox of the present application can achieve sufficient lubrication of internal components without setting any external forced lubrication device. The lubrication device of the present application is hoisted or fixed on the top wall of the gearbox and is arranged in the upper space of the gear transmission system, so the lubrication device of the present application does not increase the size of the gearbox. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is a simplified internal schematic diagram of a gearbox including a new type of lubrication device.

[0025] Figure 2 is a partial enlarged view of the oil scraper of the lubrication device of the gearbox.

[0026] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic diagram from another angle of

[0027] Figure 4 The view of shows the lubrication of the bearing of the transmission shaft.

[0028] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged view of Detailed Description of the Invention

[0029] This application relates to a gearbox with a new lubrication device, which can be a speed-increasing gearbox or a speed-reducing gearbox. The gearbox constructed according to the principles of this application can be applied to any relevant field.

[0030] Figure 1 The housing of the gearbox has been removed to expose the internal details. Figure 1 The direction is the placement direction when the gearbox is operating. The directional terms used herein are understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. For example, the terms "upper" and "lower" are opposite along the vertical or up-down direction T, and the vertical direction T is the placement direction when the gearbox is in use. The terms "front" and "rear" are opposite along the first horizontal or front-rear direction L (also called the axial direction) perpendicular to the vertical direction T; the second horizontal or left-right direction A is perpendicular to both the up-down direction T and the front-rear direction L. It should be understood that these directional terms are only understood with reference to the accompanying drawings and are only used for the purpose of illustrating the illustrated embodiments. When the placement direction of the gearbox changes, the meanings of these directional terms will also change.

[0031] The illustrated gearbox is a multi-stage gear transmission gearbox, including a housing 100 that defines an internal space ( Figure 2 、 4 and 5) and a multi-stage gear transmission system housed in this internal space. As shown in the illustration, in order to show the details of the gear transmission system, the housing has been removed from Figure 1 However, in Figure 2 、 4 and 5, a part of the housing 100 is shown respectively. The gear transmission system of the gearbox includes at least gears, transmission shafts, bearings, etc.

[0032] Figure 1 Some main components of the gear transmission system are shown, including: the lowest-level large gear 10 with the lowest rotational speed, the highest-level small gear 20 with the highest rotational speed, and one or more intermediate-level gears arranged between the lowest-level large gear 10 and the highest-level small gear 20 to transmit force / torque / speed. The intermediate-level gears shown in the figure include: the intermediate-level gear 30a meshing with the lowest-level large gear 10, the intermediate-level gear 30b rotating synchronously with the intermediate-level gear 30a, the intermediate-level gear 30c meshing with the intermediate-level gear 30b, the intermediate-level gear 30d rotating synchronously with the intermediate-level gear 30c, the intermediate-level gear 30e meshing with the intermediate-level gear 30d, and the intermediate-level gear 30f rotating synchronously with the intermediate-level gear 30e and meshing with the highest-level small gear 20.

[0033] These gears define multiple meshing parts (or points): the gear meshing part defined by the lowest-level large gear 10 and the intermediate-level gear 30a ( Figure 1(invisible in the figure), the gear meshing portions defined by the intermediate gears 30b and 30c and the gear meshing portions defined by the intermediate gears 30d and 30e are labeled as P1, and the gear meshing portion defined by the intermediate gear 30f and the top - stage pinion 20 is labeled as P2.

[0034] Each gear is supported by a transmission shaft that is parallel to each other and extends in the front - rear direction L, and each transmission shaft is supported by two bearings in two bearing seats, and the bearing seats are all provided by flanges extending from the gearbox into the interior of the gearbox. In other words, the bearings for supporting the transmission shafts are all installed in the bearing holes formed on the flanges extending from the gearbox.

[0035] Specifically, the lowest - stage large gear 10 is supported by the large - gear shaft 12a, the intermediate gears 30a and 30b are supported by the first intermediate transmission shaft 32a, the intermediate gears 30c and 30d are supported by the second intermediate transmission shaft 34a, the intermediate gears 30e and 30f are supported by the third intermediate transmission shaft 36a, and the top - stage pinion 20 is supported by the pinion transmission shaft 22a. As described above, the large - gear shaft 12a and each of the transmission shafts 32a, 34a, 36a, and 22a are all supported by bearings. Figure 4 The intermediate transmission shaft 36a and the bearings 36b and 36c that support this transmission shaft are shown in the figure, and will be described in detail later.

[0036] The lowest - stage large gear 10 has a first side surface 11 and a second side surface 13 that are opposite in the front - rear direction L. In the front - rear direction L, compared with the second side surface 13, the first side surface 11 has a greater distance or space from the side wall of the housing wall ( Figure 2 the side wall 17), or in other words, there is a greater gap or space on this side. This can be seen from the Figure 1 arrangement. In the front - rear direction L, most of the other gears of the gear transmission system are arranged in this larger space. Advantageously, this space is also used to install or arrange the lubrication device as described in detail below. In the left - right direction A, the other gears and transmission shafts of the gear transmission system are arranged on the left side of the lowest - stage large gear 10 or its transmission shaft 12a and above the other smaller gears and transmission shafts.

[0037] The lubrication device of the present application includes an oil scraper 40 and an oil guide 45. The oil scraper 40 is arranged close to the first side surface 11 of the lowest-level large gear 10, and is used to scrape off the lubricating oil carried by the gear or otherwise guide the lubricating oil on the gear into the oil guide 45. The oil guide 45 is configured to guide the lubricating oil carried or splashed by the lowest-level large gear 10 and scraped off by the oil scraper 40 to each target lubrication part. In the present application, the target lubrication parts may include bearings (or bearing seats) that support each transmission shaft (32a, 34a, 36a, etc.); gear meshing parts, or at least one of a pair of gears that define the gear meshing part, such as at least one of the intermediate-level gears 30b and 30c ( Figure 1 in this case, it is the intermediate-level gear 30c), and at least one of the intermediate-level gears 30d and 30e ( Figure 1 in this case, it is the intermediate-level gear 30e). As described above, in the front-rear direction L, the lubrication device is arranged on one side with a relatively large space between the lowest-level large gear 10 and the housing, and in the vertical direction T, the lubrication device is arranged in the upper space of the gear transmission system.

[0038] The oil guide 45 is connected to the oil scraper 40, so that the lubricating oil scraped off by the oil scraper 40 automatically enters the guiding path defined by the oil guide 45 (the thick solid line in the figure indicates), and the guiding path is defined by the oil guide 45 and extends from below the oil scraper 40 to above each target lubrication part. The oil guide 45 extends downwardly inclined on at least a part of its guiding path, preferably on a part or a considerable part of the path extending transversely to the front-rear direction L, and more preferably on the entire guiding path. The advantage of this arrangement is that the lubricating oil can flow by its own gravity to above each target lubrication part in the oil guide 45 after being scraped off by the oil scraper 40, and further flow to or fall onto each target lubrication part by its own gravity. Thus, the lubrication device of the present application does not require any other power device for guiding and transporting the lubricating oil. Of course, it is also possible to additionally provide a power device.

[0039] Figure 2 and 3 schematically shows the details of the connection part between the oil scraper 40 and the oil guide 45 of the lubrication device of the present application.

[0040] Generally, in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the oil scraper 40 may be a plate-shaped member arranged between the oil guide 45 and the lowest-level large gear 10, and is connected to the oil guide 45 by connection members such as bolts 43a ( Figure 2 and 3 ). Of course, the way of fixing the plate-shaped oil scraper 40 to the oil guide 45 is not limited to the bolt connection shown in the figure, and any other connection methods known in the art can be adopted.

[0041] The oil scraper 40, specifically a plate-shaped member, can be arranged at a distance from the first side surface 11 of the lowest-level large gear 10, and this distance is set such that: on the one hand, the oil scraper 40 of the lubrication device does not wear the first side surface 11 of the lowest-level large gear 10, and on the other hand, it can collect and guide the lubricating oil lifted by the lowest-level large gear 10 into the guiding path of the oil guide 45 to the greatest extent. For example, this distance can be between 0 - 3 mm, preferably 0.5 - 1 mm.

[0042] Optionally, as Figure 3 , the plate-shaped oil scraper 40 and the corresponding part 35 of the oil guide 45 can, but do not have to, have the same contour. Both also include an orifice 39 penetrating in the front-rear direction L, and the orifice 39 allows or facilitates the lubricating oil to enter the oil guide 45. The number, shape, size, and arrangement of the orifices 39 can be selected or changed as needed, and the present application does not limit them.

[0043] The first mounting member 42 is in the form of an L-shaped plate member, including a first part 42a and a second part 42b. The first part 42a is arranged on and (for example, via a bolt 43b) connected to the bottom surface 31 of the oil guide 45, and the second part 42b (for example, via a bolt 43c) is connected to the housing 100 of the gearbox, such as the housing side wall 17 opposite to the first side surface 11 of the lowest-level large gear 10.

[0044] The oil guide 45 for collecting the lubricating oil at the lowest-level large gear 10 and guiding it above each target lubrication part is composed of one or more channel-shaped members that jointly define the guiding path. A baffle 33 is arranged at the end where the oil scraper 40 is located to prevent the lubricating oil that has just entered the oil guide 45 from immediately leaving the oil guide 45.

[0045] The oil guide 45 is generally erected in the upper space of the gear transmission system (except for the lowest-level large gear 10) and is fixed, for example, hung on the top wall 19 of the gearbox ( Figure 4 ) via two second mounting members 44. Thus, the lubrication device of the present application is completely arranged in the existing internal space of the gearbox, without increasing the external dimensions of the gearbox, either in the front-rear direction L or in the vertical direction T.

[0046] Generally, the oil guide 45 is composed of one or more transverse channel-shaped members extending transversely to the front-rear direction L and one or more longitudinal channel-shaped members extending from the transverse channel-shaped members. In Figure 1 the illustrated embodiment, three transverse channel-shaped members 50a, 50b, and 50c and three longitudinal channel-shaped members 60a, 60b, and 60c are shown.

[0047] In the illustrated embodiment, three transverse trough-shaped members 50a, 50b, and 50c of the oil guide 45 extend transversely in sequence in a direction transverse to the front-rear direction L starting from near the lower side of the oil scraper 40, and adjacent transverse trough-shaped members are connected together by longitudinal trough-shaped members. The first transverse trough-shaped member 50a directly connected to the oil scraper 40 and the intermediate transverse trough-shaped member 50b are connected by an intermediate longitudinal trough-shaped member 60a; the intermediate transverse trough-shaped member 50b and the terminal transverse trough-shaped member 50c farthest from the oil scraper 40 are connected by an intermediate longitudinal trough-shaped member 60b; the terminal transverse trough-shaped member 50c terminates at a terminal longitudinal trough-shaped member 60c.

[0048] At least one, a plurality, or all of the transverse trough-shaped members 50a, 50b, and 50c may extend obliquely downward while extending away from the lowest large gear 10, and the inclination degree or slope of each transverse trough-shaped member may be the same or different. Preferably, at least the first transverse trough-shaped member 50a connected to the oil scraper 40 extends obliquely downward or has the largest slope to better guide the received lubricating oil.

[0049] Each of the longitudinal trough-shaped members 60a, 60b, and 60c is disposed generally above one (or more) of the drive shafts therein such that opposite ends of the trough-shaped member terminate respectively at positions above the two bearings supporting the drive shaft. Any longitudinal trough-shaped member may extend generally along the drive shaft, and through holes are formed at or near positions above the gears on the drive shaft. Thus, on the one hand, the longitudinal trough-shaped member can guide the lubricating oil to positions above the two bearings of the drive shaft, and the lubricating oil drips or flows down to lubricate the bearings; on the other hand, the lubricating oil drops onto the gears on the drive shaft through the through holes when flowing through the through holes, achieving lubrication of the gears.

[0050] Specifically, the intermediate longitudinal trough-shaped member 60a is used to lubricate the bearings and gears of the intermediate drive shaft 32a. For the intermediate gears 30a and 30b on the drive shaft 32a, the intermediate gear 30a meshes with the lowest large gear 10, and the lubricating oil carried by the lowest large gear 10 (teeth) can achieve lubrication of the gear meshing portion between the two; the gear meshing portion P1 defined by the intermediate gear 30b and the intermediate gear 30c is lubricated by the lubricating oil carried by the intermediate gear 30c (see below).

[0051] The intermediate longitudinal trough-shaped member 60b is used to lubricate the bearings and gears of the intermediate transmission shaft 34a. The intermediate longitudinal trough-shaped member 60b is formed with the above-mentioned through holes allowing lubricating oil to leak at a position corresponding to above the intermediate-stage gear 30c, whereby the intermediate-stage gear 30c can obtain sufficient lubricating oil to achieve the lubrication of the above-mentioned gear meshing portion P1 (therefore, the intermediate longitudinal trough-shaped member 60a may or may not have through holes for allowing lubricating oil to fall onto the intermediate-stage gear 30b). It should be noted that due to the viewing angle problem, Figure 1 the through holes for the intermediate-stage gear 30c on the intermediate longitudinal trough-shaped member 60b are not clearly shown in

[0052] Similarly, the end longitudinal trough-shaped member 60c is used to lubricate the bearings ( Figure 4 36b and 36c of) and the gears 30e and 30f of the intermediate transmission shaft 36a. The end longitudinal trough-shaped member 60c is formed with through holes allowing lubricating oil to leak at a position corresponding to above the intermediate-stage gear 30e, whereby the intermediate-stage gear 30e can obtain sufficient lubricating oil to achieve the lubrication of the gear meshing portion P1 defined by the intermediate-stage gear 30e and the intermediate-stage gear 30d (the intermediate longitudinal trough-shaped member 60b may or may not have through holes for allowing lubricating oil to fall onto the intermediate-stage gear 30d). The intermediate-stage gear 30f meshes with the high-speed-stage pinion 20 and is thus lubricated by the lubricating oil carried by the high-speed-stage pinion 20 itself.

[0053] This application does not provide a longitudinal trough-shaped member dedicated to the bearings and gears of the pinion transmission shaft 22a because the height of the intermediate transmission shaft 36a supporting the pinion transmission shaft 22a is relatively low and can be sufficiently lubricated. In addition, since the intermediate transmission shaft 36a and the pinion transmission shaft 22a are arranged in a substantially vertical relationship in space, the lubricating oil guided by the end longitudinal trough-shaped member 60c can also partially fall on the corresponding position on the pinion transmission shaft 22a. If the arrangement and dimensions (such as width) of the end longitudinal trough-shaped member 60c are appropriate, it may also include through holes located above the gear on the pinion transmission shaft 22a. Figure 1 The thick black solid line marked as P3 in

[0054] From the above, it can be said that each longitudinal groove component of the oil guide 45 can achieve sufficient lubrication of the bearings and gears (if necessary) of at least one transmission shaft. Each longitudinal groove component can correspond to at least one transmission shaft and extends or substantially extends in the front-rear direction L above the transmission shaft. The length of the longitudinal groove component in the front-rear direction L substantially spans the distance between two bearings. Each longitudinal groove component can extend substantially horizontally.

[0055] Based on Figure 1 the disclosed embodiments, a variation can also be envisaged. For example, the oil guide 45 only includes one transverse groove component, and the longitudinal groove components include a first-side longitudinal groove component and a second-side longitudinal groove component that respectively extend oppositely from opposite sides of the one transverse groove component in the front-rear direction L and extend above the two bearings of the corresponding transmission shaft to achieve bearing lubrication. In this case, the two longitudinal groove components located on both sides of the transverse groove component may not be strictly aligned or may have different dimensions (length, width, etc.). For example, the longitudinal groove component passing above the gear uses relatively large dimensions and is formed with a through hole above the gear, otherwise the dimensions of the longitudinal groove component can be relatively small. Similarly, in this case, each side longitudinal groove component can extend horizontally or can extend downward at an angle.

[0056] Those skilled in the art can understand that the transverse groove component and the longitudinal groove component forming the oil guide can be provided as straight groove components respectively. Curved groove components are also used in cases where it is ensured that the lubricating oil can flow sufficiently and smoothly under the action of gravity. In addition, according to the actual situation, any other number of transverse groove components and longitudinal groove components can be provided.

[0057] In the illustrated embodiment, the longitudinal groove component guides the lubricating oil to the gear of the corresponding transmission shaft by setting a through hole at the position above the gear. Therefore, the lubricating oil flowing down from the through hole of the longitudinal groove component drops to a certain position on the gear and reaches the gear engagement part as the gear rotates, realizing cooling and lubrication of the meshing teeth / parts. The through hole can be set at the middle position or biased to one side of the width of the longitudinal groove component. The through hole can have any possible shape such as circular, oval, quadrilateral, etc., and the size can be designed according to needs. The through hole can be a closed hole in the traditional sense. Optionally, the through hole can be a straight or curved slot, and its length can be approximately equal to or less than the width of the gear in the front-rear direction L.

[0058] Optionally, but not necessarily, additional longitudinal groove components dedicated to gear lubrication can also be provided, for example, extending from the transverse groove component above the gear engagement part.

[0059] From Figure 1 and4 It can also be seen that the oil guide 45 may further include an oil baffle 38 extending upward from one or more of the longitudinal groove members. The oil baffle 38 may be a plate-like member extending upward. The illustrated oil baffle 38 is disposed on the intermediate longitudinal groove member 60b. The oil baffle 38 can prevent the lubricating oil splashed by the high-speed stage from splashing onto the low-speed stage, thereby ensuring higher lubrication requirements for the high-speed stage. One end of the mounting member 44 is connected to the oil baffle 38, and the other end is fastened to the top wall 19 of the gearbox, thereby fixing or hanging the entire oil guide 45 to the top wall 19 of the gearbox. Those skilled in the art should understand that the "connection" mentioned in this application can be achieved using bolts, but the "connection" involved in this application is not limited to bolt connection.

[0060] As an alternative embodiment, the mounting member 44 may be directly connected to a longitudinal groove member or a transverse groove member. At this time, the oil baffle 38 may also be disposed on the end longitudinal groove member 60c that is farthest from the lowest-stage large gear 10.

[0061] Although the mounting members 42 and 44 are shown in the figure, it can be understood in the art that the number of mounting members can be changed, the structure of the mounting members is not limited to the L-shaped plates shown, and the positions where the mounting members are connected to the oil guide 45 and the relative positions between the mounting members can also be modified as needed, as long as it can play the role of fixing (such as hoisting) the oil guide 45 on the top wall 19 of the gearbox housing. It is also possible that the arrangement of the oil guide 45 in the gearbox remains unchanged, but the mounting members are not fixed to the top wall of the gearbox. In addition, it is also possible that the oil guide 45 is fixed to both the top wall and the side wall of the gearbox by means of one or more mounting members.

[0062] It can be envisaged that the longitudinal groove members and the transverse groove members of the oil guide 45 can be connected together as shown in the figure to form a continuous guiding path. It can also be envisaged that one or more of the longitudinal groove members and the transverse groove members may not be connected to each other, but form a substantially continuous guiding path. In this case, the number of mounting members can be increased to separately fix the discontinuous groove members to the housing of the gearbox.

[0063] Reference is made below Figure 4 and 5 to describe in detail the lubrication of the bearings of the transmission shaft of the gearbox of the present application. Below, reference is made to one of the bearings (such as 36b) of one of the transmission shafts (such as transmission shaft 36a) for description. Those skilled in the art should understand that the lubrication of the bearing 36c of the transmission shaft 36a and the bearings of any other transmission shafts is similar, and will not be described repeatedly herein.

[0064] The bearing hole 75 for mounting the bearing 36b is provided by a flange 74 extending from the housing 100 into the interior of the gearbox. An end cover 70 is mounted to the housing 100 to cover and seal the bearing hole 75. As described above, via the longitudinal groove member 60a, lubricating oil is guided above the flange 74 that defines the bearing hole 75.

[0065] At the outer peripheral surface of the flange 74 facing away from the bearing hole 75, a housing hole 71 penetrating the housing 100 is formed. The housing hole 71 extends to the outer peripheral surface of the flange 74 of the housing 100 to receive the lubricating oil flowing down from the longitudinal groove member 60c. The housing hole 71 can extend axially substantially parallel to the front-rear direction L. A flow channel 73 is provided on the inner surface of the end cover 70 facing the interior of the gearbox. The flow channel 73 extends substantially radially by the radial thickness of the flange 74, so that when the end cover 70 is attached to the housing 100, the bearing hole 75 defined by the housing hole 71 and the flange 74 is in fluid communication via the flow channel 73. Thus, the lubricating oil received by the housing hole 71 is guided into the bearing hole 75 via the flow channel 73 (as Figure 5 indicated by the arrow in the figure), and reaches the bearing 36b after passing through the positioning ring 79 on the outer side of the bearing 36b axially.

[0066] The housing hole 71 can be obtained by drilling holes in the housing 100, and does not require complex machining operations such as milling on the housing 10. The flow channel 73 on the inner surface of the end cover 70 is formed in one piece during the forming of the end cover 70, such as during casting, without requiring additional machining operations. Therefore, compared with machining (such as milling) slender flow channels or oil grooves on the housing 100 of a gearbox with a complex structure, large size and heavy weight, the present application only needs to drill holes at the corresponding positions of the bearing seats / holes on the housing, and form a flow channel at the position corresponding to the bearing seat on the inner surface when forming or manufacturing the end cover. Thus, the present application is easier to implement, has a lower processing cost, and at the same time realizes sufficient lubrication of the gears and bearings of the gearbox.

[0067] From the above detailed description, it can be seen that the principle of the present application is not only applicable to a gearbox having three intermediate transmission shafts between the large gear shaft 12a and the small gear transmission shaft 22a, but also applicable to a gearbox that does not include an intermediate transmission shaft or includes other numbers of transmission shafts (and thus includes other numbers of intermediate-stage gears). The gears of the gearbox in the present application can be formed separately and then mounted on the support shaft or transmission shaft, or can be formed integrally with the support shaft or transmission shaft.

[0068] The gearbox of the present application is described above. The lubrication device of the gearbox includes an oil scraper, an oil guide, and a bearing lubrication channel corresponding to the bearing. The oil scraper is arranged close to the large gear of the low-speed stage, and is used to effectively collect the lubricating oil carried by the large gear of the low-speed stage during rotation and the splashed / centrifuged lubricating oil. The oil guide is composed of various groove-shaped components and is arranged above the gear transmission system close to the inside, without increasing the size of the gearbox. The guiding path defined by the oil guide extends at least partially downwardly inclined, so that the collected lubricating oil can reach above the bearings and gears that need to be lubricated only under the action of gravity, and drip or fall onto the bearings and gears under the action of gravity. The bearing lubrication channel includes a through hole formed in the housing and a flow channel formed in the end cover to achieve lubrication of the bearings. Thus, the gearbox of the present application meets the requirements of transmission efficiency and thermal power under low oil level conditions.

[0069] The present application does not require complex machining such as milling on the inner surface of the housing, greatly reducing the complexity of housing machining, reducing housing machining operations, and reducing the machining cost and difficulty of the housing. The present application has no additional requirements for the use environment of the gearbox and each internal component of the gearbox, and has general applicability. The details of the lubrication device of the present application can be adaptively changed according to the internal space of the gearbox, the positions of the bearings, and the gear meshing positions, and can be adapted to various types and models of gearboxes, with strong adaptability. Experiments have proved that by adopting the lubrication device of the present application, the overall performance of the gearbox under low oil level has been improved by 5-10%.

[0070] Although only the exemplary and non-limiting embodiments with reference to the drawings are described above, those of ordinary skill in the art can make deformations and improvements to the details shown in the drawings and described above without departing from the principles of the present application, and these deformations and improvements fall within the protection scope of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is only defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gearbox, comprising: a housing (100); at least three stages of gears located within the housing, said at least three stages of gears at least including a low-speed stage gear (10) with a larger diameter, a high-speed stage gear with a smaller diameter, and at least one intermediate stage gear for transmitting motion between the low-speed stage gear (10) and the high-speed stage gear; a large gear shaft (10a) for supporting the low-speed stage gear (10), and at least two transmission shafts for supporting the high-speed stage gear and the intermediate stage gear, each transmission shaft extending parallel to the large gear shaft (10a) and supported by bearings, the high-speed stage gear and the intermediate stage gear defining at least one gear meshing portion, and the bearings being installed within bearing holes (75) formed in a flange (74) extending from the housing (100) into the gearbox; an end cover (70) attached to the housing (100) to cover the bearing holes, the end cover having an inner surface facing the interior of the gearbox; a lubrication device, which includes: an oil scraping plate disposed near the low-speed stage gear (10) to scrape off the lubricating oil carried thereon; an oil guide (45) suspended from the top wall (19) of the housing (100) by a bracket; and a bearing lubrication channel for the bearings; characterized in that the oil guide (45) is composed of one or more transverse groove-shaped members and one or more longitudinal groove-shaped members that jointly define at least partially downwardly inclined extending guiding paths, the transverse groove-shaped members being arranged relative to the oil scraping plate such that the lubricating oil scraped off by the oil scraping plate enters the guiding paths under the action of gravity, and the longitudinal groove-shaped members extending transversely to the transverse groove-shaped members and configured such that the lubricating oil within the guiding paths reaches only under the action of gravity positions above each of the flanges and at least one of a pair of gears defining each of the gear meshing portions; the bearing lubrication channel includes a housing hole (71) penetrating the housing (100) and a flow channel (73) located on the inner surface of the end cover (70), the housing hole (71) extending to the outer peripheral surface of the flange (74) to receive the lubricating oil from the guiding paths, and the flow channel (73) extending radially such that when the end cover (70) is attached to the housing (100), the housing hole (71) is in fluid communication with the bearing holes (75); 2. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that, the transverse groove-shaped members include a first transverse groove-shaped member (50a) connected to the oil scraping plate and extending downwardly and obliquely, the oil scraping plate being located between the first transverse groove-shaped member (50a) and the low-speed stage gear (10); 3. The gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that, one or more apertures (39) extending axially through are formed in a first side wall of the connected oil scraping plate and the first transverse groove-shaped member (50a); 4. The gearbox according to claim 3, characterized in that, the transverse groove-shaped members further include a terminal transverse groove-shaped member (50c) furthest from the low-speed stage gear (10) and at least one intermediate transverse groove-shaped member (50b) located between the first transverse groove-shaped member (50a) and the terminal transverse groove-shaped member (50c).

5. The gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that, The longitudinal channel-shaped member includes an intermediate longitudinal channel-shaped member connecting adjacent transverse channel-shaped members and a terminal longitudinal channel-shaped member connected to the terminal transverse channel-shaped member (50c), and opposite ends of each longitudinal channel-shaped member terminate above two flanges for supporting two bearings.

6. The gearbox according to claim 5, characterized in that, One or more of the longitudinal channel-shaped members include one or more through holes located above the gear.

7. The gearbox according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each of the longitudinal channel-shaped members extends horizontally.

8. The gearbox according to claim 7, characterized in that, It further includes an oil baffle (38) extending upward from one of the longitudinal channel-shaped members.

9. The gearbox according to claim 8, characterized in that, The oil baffle extends upward from one of the intermediate longitudinal channel-shaped members.

10. The gearbox according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bracket includes at least one first mounting member, one end of which is connected to the oil baffle and the other end is fixed to the top wall.

11. The gearbox according to claim 10, characterized in that, The bracket further includes at least one second mounting member, one end of which is connected to the first transverse channel-shaped member and the other end is fixed to the side wall or the top wall of the housing.

12. The gearbox according to claim 11, characterized in that, The first mounting member and the second mounting member are L-shaped brackets.

13. The gearbox according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transverse channel-shaped member only includes one transverse channel-shaped member, and the longitudinal channel-shaped members include a first-side longitudinal channel-shaped member extending from the first side of the transverse channel-shaped member and extending to a position above one of the flanges, and a second-side longitudinal channel-shaped member extending from the opposite second side of the transverse channel-shaped member and extending to a position above one of the flanges.

14. The gearbox according to claim 13, characterized in that, Each of the first-side longitudinal channel-shaped member and the second-side longitudinal channel-shaped member extends horizontally or obliquely downward.

15. The gearbox according to claim 14, characterized in that, The longitudinal channel-shaped member includes one or more through holes located above the gear.

16. The gearbox according to any one of claims 5-15, characterized in that, The longitudinal channel-shaped member further includes additional longitudinal channel-shaped members extending from the transverse channel-shaped member and terminating above the gear or above the gear meshing portion.

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