Rail comprising turnout and automatic reversing rail car applicable to same

Abstract

The track comprises a turnout track and an automatic reversing track car applicable to the turnout track, a reversing track 23 with inclined plane guide heads 231 at two ends is arranged above an outer side guide track 22 of a turnout section of the track, and a correction track 24 is arranged above an inner side guide track 22 of a left track and a right track of the turnout section. The rail car comprises two independent rotary bogies 1, and each bogie comprises two groups of guide wheels and two traveling wheels and is provided with a reversing frame 14 which is provided with a reversing wheel 141 and can transversely move. The outer rail face of the reversing rail 23 guides the reversing wheel 141 to move, the correcting rail 24 can correct the reversing wheel 141 with the wrong position, and the safe and reliable automatic reversing function of the rail car is achieved compared with the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to rail transportation technology, and in particular relates to a track including a switch and a rail vehicle applicable to the track and capable of autonomously switching in a switch section. Background Art

[0002] In existing track technology, a conventional side guide track comprises two left and right running rails and two left and right guide rails. The track also comprises Y-shaped and R-shaped switch sections in which the basic track forks into the left track and the right track.

[0003] To achieve autonomous reversing of railcars on such tracks, thereby eliminating complex and expensive movable frogs, reducing the safe distance between vehicles traveling in the same direction, improving turnout efficiency, and simplifying turnout structure and reliability, Chinese patents CN202210825444.3, CN202210824771.7, and CN202210824769.X propose equipping railcars with eight reversing wheels that can be raised and lowered on the outer, reverse side of the guide rails. The reverse side of the guide rails serves as the reversing rail surface in the turnout section, guiding the lowered reversing wheels. Before the railcar enters the turnout section, the four reversing wheels on the same side are lowered. Together with the four guide wheels on the same side of the railcar, they clamp the positive and reverse rail surfaces of the guide rail on that side, forcing the railcar to move along the guide rails, thereby achieving autonomous reversing of the railcar in the turnout section.

[0004] After analysis and actual testing, it was found that the above existing technology has the following defects:

[0005] According to the switching principle, to ensure reliable switching at the turnout, the wheel surface of the descending deflecting wheel should be as close as possible to the opposite surface of the guide rail. However, due to the gauge tolerance of the guide rail, the uncertain left-right elastic expansion and contraction of the guide wheel's elastic mechanism, and the random changes in the vehicle body inclination angle caused by the frequent and unpredictable tilting fluctuations of the railcar chassis flexibly supported by the suspension system due to load fluctuations, railcars running along the track inevitably experience frequent, small left-right oscillations. This deviation also causes the deflecting wheel's downward projection to overlap with the top surface of the guide rail at uncertain moments during its descent. When this overlap occurs, it is difficult to avoid scraping or even direct collision between the deflecting wheel and the top surface of the guide rail when the deflecting wheel begins to descend. The result can cause wheel wear at best, and severe deformation, bending, or even fracture of the wheel's guide and drive components at worst, leading to serious guide failure of the railcar.

[0006] 2. To reduce the wear between the reversing wheels and the guide rails during the operation of the rail vehicle, the reversing wheels of the rail vehicle running on the rail section far from the turnout section should obviously remain in the raised state continuously to avoid contact with the guide rails. Only when the rail vehicle approaches the turnout section, does the system, according to the path plan, before entering the turnout section, command the 4 reversing wheels on a specific side to descend in advance to the outside of the reverse side of the guide rail on that side, and at the same time, command the 4 reversing wheels on the other side to remain raised and avoid contacting the guide rail on the other side. If the system has a control error or the control circuit fails, resulting in the reversing wheels not descending as commanded or all the reversing wheels descending, it will inevitably lead to serious damage to the associated mechanism of the rail vehicle in the turnout section or even derailment and overturning accidents of the vehicle body.

[0007] 3. When the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the left rail or the right rail, if the system command is incorrect or there is a hardware failure, causing the reversing wheels on the side that should not descend to descend, it will cause the reversing wheels on that side to enter the included angle at the end of the double guide rails, thus resulting in serious accidents.

[0008] 4. Since the reversing wheels of different groups of this technology respectively adopt independent lifting and driving motors, whether each group of reversing wheels can correctly perform the lifting and lowering actions as commanded completely depends on the reliability of the control program and the relevant control circuit. If an error occurs in the control system, each group of reversing wheels without a physical linkage mechanism cannot correct these errors by themselves. This will obviously lead to insufficient means to ensure the operation safety of the entire system, and it is difficult to guarantee the reliability during long-term operation. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Referring to the accompanying drawings, to solve the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a track including a turnout, which is composed of left and right running rails 21a, 21b and left and right guide rails 22a, 22b; the left guide rail 22a is located on the left side of the left running rail 21a, and the right guide rail 22b is located on the right side of the right running rail 21b; the track includes a Y-shaped turnout section where the front basic rail section bifurcates backward into a left rail and a right rail;

[0010] Its characteristics are:

[0011] On the upper part of the left guide rail 22a of the left rail of the turnout section, there is a left reversing rail 23a with its rail surface facing left. The front end of the rail surface of the left reversing rail 23a is connected to a left front guide head 231_1 with an oblique guiding surface extending from the left rear to the right front, and the rear end of the rail surface of the left reversing rail 23a is connected to a left rear guide head 231_2 with an oblique guiding surface extending from the left front to the right rear;

[0012] On the upper part of the right guiding rail 22b of the right track of the turnout section, there is a right reversing rail 23b with its rail surface facing rightward. The front end of the rail surface of the right reversing rail 23b is connected to a right front guiding head 231_3 with an inclined guiding surface extending from the right rear to the left front, and the rear end of the rail surface of the right reversing rail 23b is connected to a right rear guiding head 231_4 with an inclined guiding surface extending from the right front to the left rear.

[0013] Preferably,

[0014] Above the right guiding rail 22b of the left track of the turnout section, there is a right correcting rail 24b with its rail surface facing leftward. The rail surface of the right correcting rail 24b extends obliquely from the left front to the right rear; the left rear guiding head (231_2) is located in front of the left of the right correcting rail (24b);

[0015] Above the left guiding rail 22a of the right track of the turnout section, there is a left correcting rail 24a with its rail surface facing rightward. The rail surface of the left correcting rail 24a extends obliquely from the right front to the left rear; the right rear guiding head (231_4) is located in front of the right of the left correcting rail (24a).

[0016] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention proposes an autonomous reversing rail vehicle applicable to the above-mentioned track including a turnout, and is characterized in that:

[0017] It includes a car body frame 19 and two front and rear bogies 1 mounted below the car body frame 19 by a vertical axis rotating mechanism;

[0018] On the left and right sides of each bogie 1, there are running wheels 121 that can roll along the running rail 21 of the track;

[0019] In front of and behind the running wheels 121, there are vertical axis guiding wheels 13 that can be guided and limited by the guiding rail 22 of the track;

[0020] Each bogie 1 is equipped with a reversing frame 14,

[0021] On the front and rear parts of the left and right sides of the reversing frame 14, there are vertical axis reversing wheels 141;

[0022] The bottom surface of the reversing wheel 141 is higher than the top surface of the guiding wheel 13;

[0023] The reversing frame 14 can be horizontally shifted left and right;

[0024] If the reversing frame 14 has been shifted to the left extreme position, when the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the basic track, the left reversing wheel 141a on the left side of the reversing frame 14 enters the rail surface of the left reversing rail 23a through the inclined guiding surface of the left front guiding head 231_1;

[0025] If the reversing frame 14 has been moved to the right extreme position, when the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the basic stock rail, the right reversing wheel 141b on the right side of the reversing frame 14 enters the rail surface of the right reversing rail 23b through the inclined guiding surface of the right front guiding head 231_3;

[0026] If the reversing frame 14 has been moved to the left extreme position, when the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the left stock rail, the left reversing wheel 141a on the left side of the reversing frame 14 enters the rail surface of the left reversing rail 23a through the inclined guiding surface of the left rear guiding head 231_2;

[0027] If the reversing frame 14 has been moved to the right extreme position, when the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the right stock rail, the right reversing wheel 141b on the right side of the reversing frame 14 enters the rail surface of the right reversing rail 23b through the inclined guiding surface of the right rear guiding head 231_4.

[0028] Preferably,

[0029] The bogie 1 is equipped with a reversing swing arm 151 driven by a swing arm drive shaft 154, and the swing end of the reversing swing arm 151 can drive the reversing frame 14 to move horizontally left and right;

[0030] The swing arm drive shafts 154 of the two bogies 1 are connected by a synchronous rotation transmission component.

[0031] Preferably,

[0032] The reversing swing arm 151 is hinged to the movable end of an elastic ejector rod. After the reversing frame 1 is horizontally moved to the left and right extreme positions by the reversing swing arm 151, the reversing swing arm 151 is braked by the elastic ejector rod with an elastic force.

[0033] Aiming at the defects of the aforementioned prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0034] 1. At any moment before the rail vehicle of the present invention enters the dedicated reversing rail 23 in the turnout section, only by pre-shifting all the reversing wheels 141 on one side to the set direction in place according to the instruction, the turnout selection operation for the front turnout can be completed. When the rail vehicle starts to enter the turnout section, the outward-shifted reversing wheels 141 are first introduced onto the rail surface of the reversing rail 23 by the inclined guiding surface of a guiding head 231 of the reversing rail 23 on the same side. After that, under the joint restraint of the reversing rail 23 and the guiding rail 22 on the same side, it can be ensured that the rail vehicle travels along a predetermined track. During this process, due to the existence of the guiding head 231, even if there is a deviation in the side-shifting position of the reversing wheels 141, or the body position of the rail vehicle has a small deviation or inclination relative to the track center, the reversing wheels 14 can smoothly enter the reversing rail 23 within a large redundant angle, and can automatically correct the position and attitude of the vehicle body in the reverse direction. Moreover, the reversing wheels 14 do not need to move up and down, and will not cause any adverse vertical collisions with any part of the track.

[0035] 2. Since the reversing wheels 141 installed on the same reversing frame 14 can only move horizontally synchronously, relying on the elastic braking force of the elastic ejector rod, the reversing swing arm 151 can ensure that the reversing frame 14 remains at a lateral extreme position. Before the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the basic track, even if the control program fails to transmit the correct instruction due to a fault, the reversing frame 14 will remain in a side-offset position and ensure smooth entry into a certain track in that side direction, without occurring a serious derailment accident of guiding failure.

[0036] 3. Before the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the left track or the right track, even if the control program is incorrect and the reversing frame 14 is pre-offset to the wrong direction, the reversing wheels 141 on the side with the wrong position will be gently pushed back by the inclined guiding surface of the correcting rail 24, and the reversing wheels 141 on the other side will normally enter the reversing rail 23, thus ensuring the safe passage of the rail vehicle through the turnout area.

[0037] In this article, the terms "front, rear, left, right" are determined according to Figure 14 the directions marked. The term "outer side" refers to the lateral direction away from the track center line, and the "inner side" is the opposite direction of the "outer side". The term "central" refers to being within the approximate physical center area of the component. The term "vertical" refers to the up and down direction, the term "horizontal" refers to the left and right direction, the term "longitudinal" refers to the front and back direction, and the term "horizontal movement" refers to the movement in the left and right direction.

[0038] The above orientation terms are only for facilitating the accurate description of the relative position relationship of each part of the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated components must have a specific orientation, or must be combined and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0039] The term "extreme position" refers to the one-way farthest moving position restricted by a set physical structure or a control element.

[0040] The more specific technical features and beneficial effects of the present invention will be further described in the following embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0041] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a bogie 1 of the rail vehicle in Embodiment 1;

[0042] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the coaxial running wheel set 12 of the bogie 1 in Embodiment 1;

[0043] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the base frame 11 of the bogie 1 in Embodiment 1;

[0044] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the base frame 11 after installing the guide wheels 13 in Embodiment 1;

[0045] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the reversing frame 1 in Embodiment 1;

[0046] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the reversing drive assembly in Embodiment 1;

[0047] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the reversing drive assembly after driving the reversing frame to laterally move after installing the bogie in Embodiment 1;

[0048] Figure 8 is Figure 7 a perspective view of the reversing drive assembly driving the reversing frame to laterally move in the reverse direction;

[0049] Figure 9 is Figure 1 a top view;

[0050] Figure 10 is Figure 9 a sectional view and a partial enlarged view at the position of the indicated section line;

[0051] Figure 11 is a perspective view of the two bogies in Embodiment 1 after connecting the swing arm drive shafts with a universal joint transmission rod;

[0052] Figure 12 is a perspective view of the car body frame 19 in Embodiment 1;

[0053] Figure 13 is a perspective view of the car body frame 19 and the two bogies 1 combined and placed on a section of standard track;

[0054] Figure 14It is the top view and partial sectional view of Embodiment 2;

[0055] Figure 15 It is the perspective view and partial enlarged view of Embodiment 2;

[0056] Figure 16 It is the side view of a rail vehicle installed on a standard rail section with a longitudinal section along the center line in Embodiment 2;

[0057] Figure 17 It is the front view of a basic rail section with a transverse section and a rail vehicle in Embodiment 2;

[0058] Figure 18 It is the perspective view from the lower left front angle of a rail vehicle on the left rail about to enter the turnout section in Embodiment 2;

[0059] Figure 19 It is the perspective view of a rail vehicle on the right rail about to enter the turnout section in Embodiment 2;

[0060] Figure 20 It is the perspective view of a partial section of the turnout and two rail vehicles traveling in different directions in Embodiment 2;

[0061] Figure 21 、 Figure 22 、 Figure 23 It is the perspective view of the process in which a rail vehicle with the wrong position of the reversing wheel 141 drives forward from the left rail into the turnout and is corrected by the correcting rail 24b;

[0062] Figure 24 It is the perspective view of a rail vehicle with the wrong position of the reversing wheel 141 driving forward from the right rail into the turnout;

[0063] Figure 25 、 Figure 26 It is the top view of two rail vehicles with different distances between the bogies 1 running on a small-radius curve.

[0064] Reference numerals:

[0065] 1 - Bogie, 11 - Base frame, 111 - Central vertical axis of the base frame, 112 - Rotary rail of the base frame, 113 - Suspension spring core rod,

[0066] 114 - Air spring mounting hole, 115 - Fixed guide wheel mounting hole, 116 - Swing arm drive shaft mounting hole,

[0067] 117 - Elastic guide wheel spring core rod mounting hole, 118 - Translating guide rod mounting hole of the reversing frame, 12 - Coaxial running wheel set,

[0068] 121 - Running wheel, 122 - Running wheel shaft, 123 - Differential, 124 - Reduction motor, 125 - Suspension spring, 126 - Suspension support,

[0069] 13 - Guide wheel, 131 - Fixed guide wheel, 132 - Elastic guide wheel, 1321 - Elastic guide wheel spring,

[0070] 1322 - Elastic guide wheel spring core rod, 1321 - Guide wheel spring core rod flange, 1323 - Elastic guide wheel axle bracket,

[0071] 14 - Reversing frame, 141 - Reversing wheel, 142 - Reversing frame translation guide rod, 143 - Reversing stick slot,

[0072] 15 - Reversing drive assembly, 151 - Reversing swing arm, 152 - Driving stick, 153 - Gas spring connecting rod,

[0073] 154 - Swing arm drive shaft, 16 - Gas spring, 17 - Reversing drive motor, 18 - Universal joint drive rod, 19 - Vehicle chassis,

[0074] 191 - Slewing support wheel, 192 - Slewing shaft hole, 2 - Track, 21 - Running track, 22 - Guide track, 23 - Reversing track,

[0075] 231 - Guide head, 24 - Correction track. Detailed implementation mode

[0076] Example 1 is as Figures 1 to 13 shown.

[0077] The rail vehicle introduced in this example is an unmounted carriage rail vehicle designed according to the basic principle of the present invention.

[0078] See Figure 1 , which is a three - dimensional view of a complete bogie 1 of the rail vehicle. Its composition includes a base frame 11 and a coaxial running wheel set 12 installed in the base frame 11.

[0079] See Figure 2 , the coaxial running wheel set 12 is composed of two running wheels 121 connected to both ends of the running wheel shaft 122. Power is provided to the running wheel shaft 122 by a reduction motor 124 via a differential 123. Two groups of suspension springs 125 are installed on the suspension supports 126 at both ends of the running wheel shaft 122.

[0080] The structure of the base frame 11 of the bogie 1 in this example is as Figure 3As shown in the figure, it includes a hollow coaxial walking wheel set 12 placement space, and a base frame central vertical shaft 111 is provided in the upper center. Centered on the base frame central vertical shaft 111, there are two arc-shaped base frame rotary tracks 112. Below the two base frame rotary tracks 112, two suspension spring core rods 113 are respectively provided. At the four corners of the top, there are transverse commutator frame limit guide rod mounting holes 118. At the four corners of the bottom, two groups of vertical fixed guide wheel mounting holes 115 and two groups of transverse elastic guide wheel spring core rod mounting holes 117 are respectively provided. In the center of the front and rear sides of the bottom, there is a longitudinal swing arm drive shaft mounting hole 116. Inside the fixed guide wheel mounting position, there is a gas spring mounting hole 114.

[0081] See Figure 4 , among the four guide wheels 13 of the bogie 1, two guide wheels 13 are installed on the two groups of fixed guide wheel mounting holes 115 of the base frame 11 by means of a vertical shaft, and the other two guide wheels 13 are installed on the two groups of elastic guide wheel spring core rod mounting holes 117 of the base frame 11 by means of a guide wheel axle bracket 133, a guide wheel spring core rod 132, and a guide wheel spring 131. The guide wheel axle bracket 133 is rigidly connected to the guide wheel spring core rod 132. See Figure 10 In the partial sectional enlarged view of, the guide wheel spring 132 presses against the flange 1321 of the guide wheel spring core rod, providing an elastic compression condition for the guide wheel 13 on this side, so that the bogie 1 can adapt to the gauge error of the guide rail 22.

[0082] See Figure 5 , vertical shaft commutator wheels 141 are respectively installed below the four corners of the frame-type rigid commutator frame 14. At the positions near both ends of the front and rear frames of the commutator frame 14, there are transverse commutator frame translation guide rods 142. In the middle of the front and rear frames of the commutator frame 14, there are vertical waist-shaped commutator stick slot holes 143.

[0083] See Figure 6 , the composition of the commutation drive assembly 15 includes two groups of symmetrically arranged fork-shaped commutation swing arms 151 installed at both ends of a swing arm drive shaft 154. At the longer fork arm end of the fork-shaped commutation swing arm 151, a drive stick 152 is installed, and at the shorter fork arm end, a gas spring connecting rod 153 is installed.

[0084] See Figures 7 to 10 , the four commutator frame translation guide rods 142 of the commutator frame 14 are installed in the four commutator frame translation guide rod mounting holes 118 at the corresponding positions of the base frame 11, and the swing arm drive shaft 154 is installed in the swing arm drive shaft mounting hole 116 of the base frame. The swing arm drive shaft 154 driven by the drive mechanism can drive the commutation swing arm 151 to swing, and the drive stick 152 that has been inserted into the commutator stick slot hole 143 of the commutator frame 14 by the commutation swing arm 151 pushes the commutator frame 14 to make a reciprocating horizontal movement between two extreme positions.

[0085] Two gas springs 16 are installed between the gas spring mounting holes 114 on the base frame 11 and the gas spring connecting rods 153 on the reversing swing arm 151.

[0086] As Figure 7 , Figure 10 shown, after the reversing frame 14 is laterally displaced to the left extreme position, the gas spring 16 continuously applies an upward leftward pushing force to the reversing swing arm 151, keeping the reversing frame 14 in the left extreme position.

[0087] As Figure 8 shown, when the swing arm drive shaft 154 is swung rightward by a greater driving force, the gas spring 16 is compressed and swings downward to push the angle, causing the reversing frame 14 to move rightward to the right extreme position. At this time, the push rod of the gas spring 16 continuously applies a downward leftward pushing force to keep the reversing frame 14 in the right extreme position.

[0088] Refer to Figure 11 , and the relative shaft ends between the swing arm drive shafts 154 of the front and rear bogies 1 of the same rail vehicle are interconnected by a universal joint drive rod 18. The purpose of this is, in addition to being able to provide driving force for the two swing arm drive shafts 154 with only one reversing drive motor 17, the more important purpose is to ensure that the reversing frames 14 of the two bogies 1 can move synchronously and in the same direction reliably.

[0089] Refer to Figure 12 , which is to connect the two bogies 1 to form the car body frame 19 of the chassis of the rail vehicle. A rotary shaft hole 192 is provided at the front and rear of the car body frame 19, and 8 rotary support wheels 191 are arranged around the rotary shaft hole 192 as the center.

[0090] Refer to Figure 13 , and the central vertical shafts 111 of the base frames of the two bogies 1 are assembled and connected to the rotary shaft holes 192 of the car body frame 19. The 8 rotary support wheels 191 of the car body frame 19 roll on the base frame rotary tracks 112 of the two bogies 1 to maintain the parallel attitude between the bogies 1 and the car body frame 19 and prevent the bogies 1 from tilting.

[0091] Embodiment 2 is as Figures 14 to 24 shown. This embodiment introduces an R-shaped turnout structure proposed according to the basic principle of the present invention.

[0092] Refer to Figure 14 , Figure 15 , and this turnout includes a front basic track and a left track and a right track formed by bifurcating backward.

[0093] On the upper part of the left guiding rail 22a of the left track in the turnout section, there is a left reversing rail 23a with its rail surface facing left. At the front end of the rail surface of the left reversing rail 23a, there is a left front guiding head 231_1 with an inclined guiding surface in the shape of an arc extending from the left rear to the right front. At the rear end of the rail surface of the left reversing rail 23a, there is a left rear guiding head 231_2 with an inclined guiding surface in the shape of an arc extending from the left front to the right rear.

[0094] On the upper part of the right guiding rail 22b of the right track in the turnout section, there is a right reversing rail 23b with its rail surface facing right. At the front end of the rail surface of the right reversing rail 23b, there is a right front guiding head 231_3 with an inclined guiding surface in the shape of an arc extending from the right rear to the left front. At the rear end of the rail surface of the right reversing rail 23b, there is a right rear guiding head 231_4 with an inclined guiding surface in the shape of an arc extending from the right front to the left rear.

[0095] Above the right guiding rail 22b of the left track in the turnout section, there is a right correcting rail 24b with its rail surface facing left. The arc-shaped rail surface of the right correcting rail 24b extends obliquely from the left front to the right rear; the rear end of the left rear guiding head (231_2) is located at the left front of the front end of the right correcting rail (24b).

[0096] Above the left guiding rail 22a of the right track in the turnout section, there is a left correcting rail 24a with its rail surface facing right. The arc-shaped rail surface of the left correcting rail 24a extends obliquely from the right front to the left rear; the rear end of the right rear guiding head (231_4) is located at the right front of the front end of the left correcting rail (24a).

[0097] See Figure 16 , the rail surface height of the guiding rail 22 in this embodiment is set to be approximately 12 cm.

[0098] See Figure 17 , the top surface of the guiding rail 22 is lower than the bottom surface of the reversing wheel 141 of the rail vehicle, and the distance therebetween must be greater than the allowable elastic lifting range of the suspension spring 125 of the running wheel 121 of the rail vehicle to avoid the contact between the reversing wheel 141 and the top of the guiding rail 22. After the reversing frame 14 moves leftward to the left extreme position, the right reversing wheel 141b is located on the left side of the right reversing rail 23b, and the left reversing wheel 141a is located on the left side of the left reversing rail 23a. The wheel surface of the left reversing wheel 141a is guided by the left rail surface of the left reversing rail 23a. At this time, the left guiding rail 22a and the left reversing rail 23a are clamped by the left reversing wheel 141a and the left guiding wheel 13a of the rail vehicle, thereby guiding the rail vehicle to move along the direction of the left guiding rail 22a.

[0099] See Figure 18, when the rail vehicle enters the turnout section backward from the basic track, if the four left reversing wheels 141a on the left side of the rail vehicle move with the reversing frame to the left extreme position, then, the left reversing wheels 141a will smoothly enter the left reversing rail 23a through the arc-shaped guiding surface of the left front guiding head 231_1 and guide the rail vehicle to the left track of the turnout section. At this time, the right reversing wheels 141b of the rail vehicle are located on the left side of the right reversing rail 23b. Therefore, when the rail vehicle passes through the turnout section, the right reversing wheels 141 will not contact the track.

[0100] See Figure 19 , similarly, when the rail vehicle enters the turnout section backward from the basic track, if the four right reversing wheels 141b on the right side of the rail vehicle move with the reversing frame to the right extreme position, then, the right reversing wheels 141a will smoothly enter the right reversing rail 23b through the arc-shaped guiding surface of the right front guiding head 231_3 and guide the rail vehicle to the right track of the turnout section.

[0101] See Figure 20 , the rail vehicles running on different tracks in the turnout section can independently select the running direction respectively with a very small distance between the front and rear vehicles, and no movable frog mechanism needs to be set in the turnout area.

[0102] See Figure 21 、 Figure 22 、 Figure 23 , when the rail vehicle shown in the figure enters the turnout section from the left track, due to some control instruction errors, electronic map errors or control signal transmission failures, the reversing frame 14 that should have been pre-moved to the left extreme position of the rail vehicle is wrongly pre-moved to the right extreme position, and its left reversing wheels 141a cannot enter the left reversing rail 23a via the left rear guiding head (231_2). After that, if the fault is not immediately eliminated, obviously, the rail vehicle will lose the guiding support in the middle area of the turnout and is likely to have a serious derailment accident. However, in this embodiment, because the right correcting rail 24b is pre-installed on the left track, when the rail vehicle enters, the wrongly positioned right reversing wheels 141b are gently pushed back to the left by the long arc-shaped oblique guiding surface of the right correcting rail 24b. Because this pushing force is much greater than the resistance exerted by the air spring 16 on the reversing swing arm 151, the position of the reversing frame 14 is corrected to the left extreme position in time, so that the left reversing wheels 141a are guided by the left rear guiding head (231_2) and normally enter the left reversing rail 23a, thus avoiding possible accidents.

[0103] It is not difficult to understand that the setting of multiple air springs 16 can ensure that when the vehicle has a control system failure or an instruction error, the reversing frame 14 will only stop at the left extreme position or the right extreme position, and will not stop at an intermediate position that may cause an accident.

[0104] See Figure 24, Similarly, the rail vehicle with a position error of the reversing frame entering the turnout section from the right track is also corrected in time by the left correcting rail 24a, avoiding accidents.

[0105] See Figure 25 , Since the double bogies 1 of the rail vehicle can rotate independently, under the combined action of the respective guide wheels 13 and the differential, the running wheel axles 122 of each bogie 1 always roughly point to the center direction of the bend arc in the bend section, which can ensure that the rail vehicle can run smoothly on a bend with a radius of only 5 meters.

[0106] See Figure 26 , For the same reason, the rail vehicle with a longer car body frame 19 can also run normally on a small-radius bend.

Claims

1. A track including a turnout, comprising left and right running rails (21a, 21b) and left and right guide rails (22a, 22b); The left guide rail (22a) is located on the left side of the left running rail (21a), and the right guide rail (22b) is located on the right side of the right running rail (21b); The track includes a Y-shaped turnout section where the front basic rail section bifurcates backward into a left rail section and a right rail section; Its characteristics are: On the upper part of the left guide rail (22a) of the left rail section of the turnout section, there is a left reversing rail (23a) with its rail surface facing left. The front end of the rail surface of the left reversing rail (23a) is connected to a left front guiding head (231_1) having an inclined guiding surface extending from the left rear to the right front, and the rear end of the rail surface of the left reversing rail (23a) is connected to a left rear guiding head (231_2) having an inclined guiding surface extending from the left front to the right rear; On the upper part of the right guide rail (22b) of the right rail section of the turnout section, there is a right reversing rail (23b) with its rail surface facing right. The front end of the rail surface of the right reversing rail (23b) is connected to a right front guiding head (231_3) having an inclined guiding surface extending from the right rear to the left front, and the rear end of the rail surface of the right reversing rail (23b) is connected to a right rear guiding head (231_4) having an inclined guiding surface extending from the right front to the left rear.

2. The track including a turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that: Above the right guide rail (22b) of the left rail section of the turnout section, there is a right correcting rail (24b) with its rail surface facing left, and the rail surface of the right correcting rail (24b) extends obliquely from the left front to the right rear; the left rear guiding head (231_2) is located in the left front of the right correcting rail (24b); Above the left guide rail (22a) of the right rail section of the turnout section, there is a left correcting rail (24a) with its rail surface facing right, and the rail surface of the left correcting rail (24a) extends obliquely from the right front to the left rear; the right rear guiding head (231_4) is located in the right front of the left correcting rail (24a).

3. An autonomous reversing rail vehicle applicable to the track including a turnout according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a car body frame (19) and two front and rear bogies (1) installed below the car body frame (19) by a vertical axis rotating mechanism; On the left and right sides of each bogie (1), there are running wheels (121) that can roll along the running rails (21) of the track; In front of and behind the running wheels (121), there are vertical axis guide wheels (13) that can be guided and limited by the guide rails (22) of the track; each bogie (1) is equipped with a reversing frame (14), On the front and rear parts of the left and right sides of the reversing frame (14), there are vertical axis reversing wheels (141); The bottom surface of the reversing wheel (141) is higher than the top surface of the guide wheel (13); The reversing frame (14) can be horizontally shifted left and right; If the reversing frame (14) has been moved to the left extreme position, when the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the basic rail section, the left reversing wheel (141a) on the left side of the reversing frame (14) enters the rail surface of the left reversing rail (23a) through the inclined guiding surface of the left front guiding head (231_1); If the reversing frame (14) has been moved to the right extreme position, when the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the basic track, the right reversing wheel (141b) on the right side of the reversing frame (14) enters the rail surface of the right reversing rail (23b) through the inclined guiding surface of the right front guiding head (231_3). If the reversing frame (14) has been moved to the left extreme position, when the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the left track, the left reversing wheel (141a) on the left side of the reversing frame (14) enters the rail surface of the left reversing rail (23a) through the inclined guiding surface of the left rear guiding head (231_2). If the reversing frame (14) has been moved to the right extreme position, when the rail vehicle enters the turnout section from the right track, the right reversing wheel (141b) on the right side of the reversing frame (14) enters the rail surface of the right reversing rail (23b) through the inclined guiding surface of the right rear guiding head (231_4).

4. The self-reversing rail vehicle according to claim 3, wherein: The bogie (1) is equipped with a reversing swing arm (151) driven by a swing arm drive shaft (154), and the swing end of the reversing swing arm (151) can drive the reversing frame (14) to move horizontally left and right. The swing arm drive shafts (154) of the two bogies (1) are connected by a synchronous rotation transmission component.

5. The self-reversing rail vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: The reversing swing arm (151) is hinged to the movable end of the elastic ejector rod. After the reversing frame (14) is horizontally moved to the left and right extreme positions by the reversing swing arm (151), the reversing swing arm (151) is braked by the elastic ejector rod with an elastic force.

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