Negative-pressure drainage and exhaust structure for pitched roof

Abstract

The utility model provides a pitched roof negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure which is mainly used for improving drainage efficiency and waterproof performance of a pitched roof and simultaneously enhancing ventilation and air permeability of a building. The structure comprises a permeable layer, a waterproof layer, a heat preservation layer, a concrete protection layer and a brick and tile layer which are sequentially laid on a concrete roof. A downpipe is pre-buried at the bottom, and the pipeline assembly is composed of water collecting pipe fittings, forms a net-shaped pipeline and is communicated with the downpipe. The drainage assembly comprises a floor drain and a drainage pipe, is embedded and is connected with the concrete protection layer through a wing ring. The permeable layer is composed of permeable concrete and perlite, the water collecting pipe fitting is a PPR pipe, and the drainage pipe is made of stainless steel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of building engineering, and specifically relates to a negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for a pitched roof, which aims to improve the drainage efficiency and waterproof performance of the pitched roof, and at the same time enhance the ventilation and air permeability inside the building. Background Technique

[0002] In the current building engineering roof, there are often problems such as water seepage at individual points of the roof waterproof layer, water vapor entering the slope-forming layer, and it is difficult to discharge between the structural slab and the waterproof layer. Due to thermal expansion and contraction, the entire roof waterproof layer is damaged, and at the same time, the structural slab shows water seepage due to long-term water vapor penetration, resulting in the need to reconstruct the entire roof, which is extremely costly and difficult to cure.

[0003] The patent with the application number CN202010591100.1 discloses a waterproof board breathable composite energy-saving ventilation pitched roof system and construction technology. The pitched roof from bottom to top is successively a roof slab, a leveling layer, a bottom thermal insulation layer, a waterproof board, a batten and roof tiles. An embedded thermal insulation layer is provided above the bottom thermal insulation layer, a waterproof layer is provided above the embedded thermal insulation layer, the waterproof layer adopts a waterproof and breathable membrane or an aluminum foil reflective membrane, the waterproof board is a corrugated asphalt waterproof board, an arched wooden support is provided between the waterproof board and the embedded thermal insulation layer, a support base wood is fixed in the embedded thermal insulation layer, and the batten is connected to the support base wood through screws successively passing through the waterproof board, the waterproof layer and the arched wooden support.

[0004] However, although the above patent technology has adopted drainage and waterproof measures, it is still difficult to achieve ideal drainage effect and waterproof performance under complex and changeable weather conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a pitched roof drainage and exhaust system that can effectively solve the above problems and at the same time improve the overall durability and living comfort of the building. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for a pitched roof to solve the problems raised in the above background technique:

[0006] (1) How to make the excess water in the slope-forming layer drain into the downpipe through this structure, effectively reducing the problems of waterproof layer damage and roof leakage.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for a pitched roof;

[0009] The invention comprises a permeable layer, a waterproof layer, an insulating layer, a concrete protective layer, a brick and tile layer, a pipe assembly, a pipeline assembly and at least one set of drainage assemblies. The permeable layer, the waterproof layer, the insulating layer, the concrete protective layer and the brick and tile layer are laid in sequence on the upper side of the concrete roof. At least one downpipe is pre-buried in the concrete roof at the bottom of the slope roof. The pipeline assembly includes a plurality of water collecting pipes, the side walls of the water collecting pipes are provided with a plurality of through holes. The plurality of water collecting pipes are combined to form a mesh pipeline covering the slope roof. The mesh pipeline is pre-buried in the permeable layer and communicates with the downpipe.

[0010] The drainage assembly corresponds one-to-one to the downpipe, and the drainage assembly includes at least a floor drain and a drainage pipe. The upper end of the drainage pipe is fixedly connected to the water outlet on the lower side of the floor drain. The floor drain and the upper part of the drainage pipe are pre-buried in the permeable layer, waterproof layer, insulation layer, concrete protective layer and brick and tile layer. The lower end of the drainage pipe extends into the downpipe from the upper end of the corresponding downpipe.

[0011] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer walls of the water collecting pipes of the pipeline assembly are wrapped with filter screens.

[0013] Furthermore, a wing ring extends outward from the outer wall of the drainage pipe in the concrete protective layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the permeable layer is divided into a permeable area close to the mesh pipeline and a remaining area. The remaining area is filled with perlite, and permeable concrete is laid in the permeable area.

[0015] Furthermore, the water collecting pipe is made of PPR pipe; the drainage pipe is made of stainless steel.

[0016] With this structure, the mesh pipes beneath the waterproof layer create an exhaust duct through the roof's slope leveling layer, draining away moisture from the gap between the drainpipe and downspout, ensuring orderly drainage of moisture from the roof's structural layer. This timely removal of moisture significantly reduces the risk of damage to the waterproofing and slope leveling layers, extending the roof's service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for a sloped roof.

[0018] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view of a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for a sloped roof (the waterproof layer, thermal insulation layer, concrete protective layer, and brick and tile layer are omitted in the figure).

[0020] Description of reference numerals in the figure:

[0021] Concrete roof - 100; Downspout - 110; Permeable layer - 200; Perlite - 210; Permeable concrete - 220; Waterproof layer - 300; Insulation layer - 400; Water collection pipe fittings - 511; Mesh pipeline - 510; Floor drain - 610; Drain pipe - 620; Wing ring - 621; Concrete protective layer - 700; Brick and tile layer - 800. Specific implementation mode

[0022] To make the above - mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the specific implementation mode of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present utility model. However, the present utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present utility model. Therefore, the present utility model is not limited by the specific implementations disclosed below.

[0023] The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation mode.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs. The terms used in the description of the present utility model herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present utility model. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0025] Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 3.

[0026] The negative - pressure drainage and exhaust structure of this pitched roof includes a permeable layer 200, a waterproof layer 300, an insulation layer 400, a concrete protective layer 700, a brick and tile layer 800, a pipeline assembly, a pipeline component and multiple groups of drainage components laid.

[0027] A plurality of downspouts 110 are pre - embedded in the concrete roof 100 at the bottom of the pitched roof. The pipeline component includes a number of water collection pipe fittings 511. The water collection pipe fittings 511 are made of PPR pipes. A number of through - holes are opened on the side walls of the water collection pipe fittings 511. The outer walls of the water collection pipe fittings 511 are all wrapped with filter meshes. A number of water collection pipe fittings 511 are combined with each other to form a mesh pipeline 510 covering the pitched roof. The mesh pipeline 510 is pre - embedded in the permeable layer 200 and is communicated with the downspouts 110.

[0028] The permeable layer 200, waterproof layer 300, insulation layer 400, concrete protective layer 700 and brick and tile layer 800 are laid in sequence on the upper side of the concrete roof 100. The permeable layer 200 is divided into a permeable area near the mesh pipe 510 and a remaining area. The filling material of the remaining area is perlite 210, and permeable concrete 220 is laid in the permeable area.

[0029] The width of the permeable concrete 220 is 0.2 meters. The laying thickness of the permeable concrete 220 is the same as the diameter of the water collecting pipe 511. The porosity of the permeable concrete 220 is 25%.

[0030] The drainage assembly corresponds one-to-one to the downpipe 110, and the drainage assembly includes at least a floor drain 610 and a drain pipe 620. The drain pipe 620 is made of stainless steel. The upper end of the drain pipe 620 is fixedly connected to the water outlet on the lower side of the floor drain 610. A wing ring 621 extends outward from the upper outer wall of the drain pipe 620. The floor drain 610 and the upper part of the drain pipe 620 are pre-buried in the permeable layer 200, the waterproof layer 300, the insulation layer 400, the concrete protective layer 700 and the brick and tile layer 800. The upper end face of the floor drain 610 is on the brick and tile layer 800. The lower end of the drain pipe 620 extends into the downpipe 110 from the upper end of the corresponding downpipe 110, and there is a gap between the lower outer wall of the drain pipe 620 and the inner wall of the downpipe 110.

[0031] The construction method for realizing the above-mentioned negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for sloped roofs comprises the following steps:

[0032] a) Cleaning and slope adjustment of concrete roof 100 base:

[0033] Clean the base layer, clean up the debris on the concrete roof 100, remove the hollow, loose and peeling parts, clean the oil stains, rust, etc. with a wire brush, sandpaper or organic solvent, and then fill the surface with 1:3 cement mortar.

[0034] After leveling, the corners of the protruding roof structure (pillars, chimneys, parapets, etc.) and the leveling layer (water outlets, slope divisions, etc.) should be made into arc shapes. The leveling layer should have sufficient strength and be flat, hard, and clean.

[0035] b) Drilling of water collection pipe 511:

[0036] The diameter of the water collecting pipe 511 is generally 2.5 cm. Holes are drilled on the four sides of the water collecting pipe 511 at intervals of 10 cm. The diameter of the holes is 5 mm. A filter mesh is wrapped around the water collecting pipe 511.

[0037] c) Laying mesh pipes 510 on the roof:

[0038] According to the pitched roof architectural drawing, draw the distribution diagram of the mesh pipeline 510. Based on the distribution diagram, measure and mark the accurate position on the roof, lay the water collecting pipe fittings 511 according to the layout, weld the adjacent water collecting pipe fittings 511 firmly, and make the end of the mesh pipeline 510 communicate with the downpipe 110.

[0039] d) Laying of the permeable layer 200:

[0040] Lay the permeable concrete 220. Lay the permeable concrete 220 beside the water collecting pipe fittings 511. The width of the permeable concrete 220 is 0.2 m, the laying thickness of the permeable concrete 220 is the same as the diameter of the water collecting pipe fittings 511, the porosity of the permeable concrete 220 is 25%, and then lay the perlite 210 on the concrete roof 100 outside the area where the permeable concrete 220 is laid, finally forming the permeable layer 200.

[0041] e) Sequentially lay the waterproof layer 300, the insulation layer 400, and the concrete protection layer 700 on the upper side of the permeable layer 200. The waterproof layer 300 is a general waterproof coiled material.

[0042] f) Installation of the drainage components:

[0043] The drain pipe 620 is selected to have a diameter slightly smaller than that of the downpipe 110. The length of the drain pipe 620 is 50 cm, the width of the wing ring 621 is 5 cm, the thickness of the drain pipe 620 and the wing ring 621 is selected to be 2 mm. The wing ring 621 and the drain pipe 620 are welded fully on both sides. The distance between the wing ring 621 and the top end of the drain pipe 620 is 3 cm. The diameter of the downpipe 110 is 10 cm, and the drain pipe 620 is selected to have a diameter of 8 cm.

[0044] The lower part of the drain pipe 620 with the wing ring 621 extends into the rainwater pipe, and the wing ring 621 of the drain pipe 620 is buried in the concrete protection layer 700 above the insulation layer 400. To prevent the concentric deviation of the rainwater pipe and the difficult position retention during the construction of the roof structure layer, a casing should be installed in advance when making the slope layer on the roof, and the horizontal position and the reserved height of the casing should be positioned well.

[0045] g) Lay the brick and tile layer 800 on the upper side of the concrete protection layer 700 to complete the construction of the pitched roof negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure.

[0046] The mesh pipes 510 serve as drainage and exhaust channels, spaced 6 meters apart vertically and horizontally. They are designed to be continuous and connected to the downspouts. The waterproof layer 300 is not sealed at the junction between the permeable concrete 220 and the drain pipe 620, allowing excess moisture to escape through this point. To isolate rainwater and prevent it from backflowing through the gap, a drain pipe 620 with a wing ring 621 is inserted into the downspout 110. The wing ring 621 is embedded in the concrete protective layer 700 above the waterproof layer 300. A gap is left between the drain pipe 620 and the downspout 110. Water and vapor entering the sloped roof's negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure are discharged through the annular gap, preventing rainwater from flowing into the drainage and exhaust duct.

[0047] The economic benefit analysis table of the construction method of the negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure of this slope roof and the traditional roof construction method is as follows:

[0048] Serial number Name Traditional roofing construction Construction by this construction method 1 Material cost of stainless steel exhaust pipe on the roof 80 yuan per piece 80 yuan per piece 2 Installation construction cost of the exhaust pipe 60 yuan per piece 60 yuan per piece 3 Construction of the exhaust pipe's rolled waterproofing turning up 120 yuan per piece 120 yuan per piece 4 Secondary maintenance cost of the exhaust pipe 500 yuan per roof 500 yuan per roof 5 Roof permeable concrete materials and laying construction 0 800 yuan per roof 6 Conventional construction of gravel for the exhaust duct in the horizontal roof layer 2000 yuan per roof 0 7 Drilling and laying of the exhaust pipe for the horizontal exhaust duct on the roof 600 yuan per roof 600 yuan per roof 8 Estimation of the rework cost for roof leakage repair 20000 yuan per roof 0 9 Materials and installation of stainless steel pipe with wing ring 0 60 yuan per piece 10 Comprehensive comparison 23360 yuan per piece 2220 yuan per piece

[0049] As the table above shows, excluding the cost of subsequent repairs and rework, this construction method is slightly less expensive than traditional roofing methods. However, this method requires a one-time investment and completely eliminates the risk of water seepage into the roof, leading to uncontrolled drainage. This also makes it more difficult to control moisture in the roof layer after sun exposure, which can cause the roofing membrane to bulge. Most importantly, it provides the necessary conditions for the next construction step, preventing future problems. Compared to the cost of repairing potential problems later on, this construction method is more economical.

[0050] The above is only one embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these should also be regarded as falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for a sloped roof, characterized by: The invention comprises a permeable layer (200), a waterproof layer (300), a thermal insulation layer (400), a concrete protective layer (700), a brick and tile layer (800), a pipe assembly, a pipeline assembly and at least one set of drainage assemblies. The permeable layer (200), the waterproof layer (300), the thermal insulation layer (400), the concrete protective layer (700) and the brick and tile layer (800) are sequentially laid on the upper side of the concrete roof (100). At least one downpipe (110) is pre-buried in the concrete roof (100) at the bottom of the slope roof. The pipeline assembly comprises a plurality of water collecting pipes (511). The side walls of the water collecting pipes (511) are provided with a plurality of through holes. The plurality of water collecting pipes (511) are combined to form a mesh pipeline (510) covering the slope roof. The mesh pipeline (510) is pre-buried in the permeable layer (200) and communicates with the downpipe (110). The drainage assembly corresponds to the downpipe (110) in a one-to-one manner. The drainage assembly at least comprises a floor drain (610) and a drainage pipe (620). The upper end of the drainage pipe (620) is fixedly connected to the water outlet on the lower side of the floor drain (610). The upper parts of the floor drain (610) and the drainage pipe (620) are pre-buried in a permeable layer (200), a waterproof layer (300), an insulation layer (400), a concrete protective layer (700) and a brick and tile layer (800). The lower end of the drainage pipe (620) extends from the upper end of the corresponding downpipe (110) into the downpipe (110).

2. The negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for sloped roofs according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outer wall of the water collecting pipe (511) of the pipeline assembly is wrapped with a filter screen.

3. The negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for sloped roofs according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outer wall of the drainage pipe (620) in the concrete protective layer (700) is provided with a wing ring (621) extending outward.

4. The negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for sloped roofs according to claim 1 is characterized by: The permeable layer (200) is divided into a permeable area close to the mesh pipe (510) and a remaining area. The remaining area is filled with perlite (210), and permeable concrete (220) is laid in the permeable area.

5. The negative pressure drainage and exhaust structure for sloped roofs according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water collecting pipe (511) is made of PPR pipe; the drainage pipe (620) is made of stainless steel.

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