Waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system

Abstract

The utility model provides a waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system, which is characterized in that an acidic pollutant treatment area is arranged at the lower part of a waste gas treatment tower, an ammonia recovery area is arranged at the upper part of the waste gas treatment tower, and a neutralization spraying layer in the acidic pollutant treatment area circularly sprays a neutralizing agent to neutralize acidic pollutants in waste gas. Ammonia gas generated by volatilization ascends along with waste gas through the rotary mass transfer device to enter the ammonia gas recovery area and is absorbed by recovery liquid sprayed by the recovery spraying layer, and the obtained ammonia-containing recovery liquid can be used as a neutralizing agent to return to the acid pollutant treatment area to spray and neutralize acid pollutants. The waste gas purification device realizes an excellent waste gas purification effect, can recycle ammonia gas, has a water-saving effect, reasonably utilizes resources, and avoids waste of resources and cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and further relates to a waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system. Background Technique

[0002] In the industrial production processes such as chemical industry, petroleum, and smelting, burning sulfur-containing or nitrogen-containing fossil fuels will generate acidic pollutants such as sulfur dioxide (SO 2) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ). If the waste gas containing these acidic pollutants is directly discharged without treatment, it will pollute the surrounding environment and cause serious harm to human health and the ecological environment. Therefore, the treatment of waste gas has attracted more and more attention.

[0003] At present, neutralizing agents (such as lime CaO, etc.) are commonly used in the waste gas treatment process to neutralize acidic pollutants. If the acidic pollutants contain ammonium salts (such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, etc.), ammonia may be released during the lime neutralization process. Ammonia is volatile, and once discharged, it will cause secondary environmental pollution. Therefore, an additional device must be set up to purify the ammonia carried in the discharged gas, resulting in a reduction in the treatment effect and treatment efficiency of the waste gas and an increase in the treatment cost. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] Aiming at the problem that the existing waste gas purification method does not absorb, separate and apply the components with application value in the waste gas, resulting in waste of resources, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system. A recovery spraying layer is arranged in the waste gas treatment tower, and the recovery liquid is sprayed to recover the ammonia generated by neutralizing acidic pollutants. The obtained ammonia-containing absorbent can be directly used as a neutralizing agent to continue spraying and neutralizing acidic pollutants, recovering the valuable component ammonia and avoiding waste of resources and cost.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An exhaust gas treatment and ammonia recovery system, comprising: an exhaust gas treatment tower and a recovery liquid circulation pipeline; the exhaust gas treatment tower is divided into an acidic pollutant treatment area and an ammonia recovery area from bottom to top; the acidic pollutant treatment area is provided with a neutralization spray layer for spraying a neutralizing agent to neutralize acidic pollutants in the exhaust gas; the ammonia recovery area includes a liquid collection and gas distribution device and a recovery spray layer for spraying a recovery liquid from bottom to top; the liquid collection and gas distribution device includes a water collection plate and a plurality of swirl mass transfer devices arranged on the water collection plate, the water collection plate is used for collecting the falling recovery liquid, and the swirl mass transfer device is provided with a gas channel for the ammonia-containing exhaust gas in the acidic pollutant treatment area to rise and enter the ammonia recovery area; the recovery liquid circulation pipeline is respectively connected to the water collection plate and the recovery spray layer, and the recovery liquid circulation pipeline is used for introducing the recovery liquid into the recovery spray layer to perform circulating spraying on the ammonia-containing exhaust gas; the neutralization spray layer is connected to the recovery liquid circulation pipeline to use the recovery liquid in the recovery liquid circulation pipeline to spray and neutralize acidic pollutants in the exhaust gas.

[0007] In some embodiments, a spray liquid collection tank is further provided at the bottom of the exhaust gas treatment tower for supplementing and collecting the neutralizing agent; the exhaust gas treatment and ammonia recovery system further includes: a spray liquid circulation pipeline, the spray liquid circulation pipeline is respectively connected to the spray liquid collection tank and the neutralization spray layer, and is used for introducing the neutralizing agent collected by the spray liquid collection tank into the neutralization spray layer to perform circulating spraying on the acidic pollutants in the exhaust gas.

[0008] In some embodiments, a heat exchange water tank is provided on the recovery liquid circulation pipeline, and the heat exchange water tank is used for cooling and storing the recovery liquid; the heat exchange water tank is provided with a concentration detection device for detecting the ammonia concentration in the absorbent; the heat exchange water tank is connected to the spray liquid collection tank to introduce the ammonia-containing absorbent reaching the set concentration as a neutralizing agent into the spray liquid collection tank.

[0009] In some embodiments, a plurality of gas through-holes are provided on the water collecting plate, and the swirl mass transfer device is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the gas through-holes; the swirl mass transfer device includes the gas channel, a plurality of arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vanes and a water baffle. The arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vanes are arranged at the top of the gas channel and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the gas channel to form an annular vane group, and a cavity is formed in the center, and the cavity is communicated with the gas channel; an air flow channel is formed between adjacent arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vanes, and the air flow channel is communicated with the cavity and the ammonia recovery area. One end of the air flow channel close to the cavity is the air inlet, and the other end is the air outlet; one end of the arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vane that constitutes the air inlet is the leading edge, and the other end that constitutes the air outlet is the trailing edge. A tangent angle α is formed between the trailing edge and the circumferential tangent of the annular vane group, and the tangent angle α < 90°; the water baffle is arranged at the top of the arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vanes to prevent the falling recovery liquid from entering the acid pollutant treatment area through the gas flow channel and the gas channel.

[0010] In some embodiments, the waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system further includes a flushing unit, and the flushing unit includes a process water tank and a flushing spray layer; the flushing spray layer is arranged in the waste gas treatment tower and is located at the top of the waste gas treatment tower; the process water tank is communicated with the flushing spray layer to supply flushing water to the flushing spray layer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the process water tank is communicated with the recovery liquid circulation pipeline to supplement the water consumed in the recovery liquid circulation pipeline.

[0012] In some embodiments, a dust and mist removal device is further arranged in the waste gas treatment tower, and the dust and mist removal device is arranged between the ammonia recovery area and the top of the waste gas treatment tower to remove the mist droplets and impurities carried by the purified gas.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ammonia recovery area further includes: a packing layer, and the packing layer is arranged between the liquid collecting and gas distributing device and the recovery spray layer.

[0014] In some embodiments, a spray pump is arranged on the spray liquid circulation pipeline to provide transmission power for the neutralizing agent; and / or, a recovery pump is arranged on the recovery liquid circulation pipeline to provide transmission power for the absorbent; and / or, a heat exchange component for heat exchange is arranged in the heat exchange water tank, and a channel for the heat exchange medium to flow is arranged in the heat exchange component.

[0015] In some embodiments, a flushing pump is arranged on the pipeline between the process water tank and the flushing spray layer to provide transmission power for the flushing water.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system provided by the present utility model has the following

[0017] Advantages:

[0018] 1. In the waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system provided by the present utility model, an acidic pollutant treatment area is arranged at the lower part of the waste gas treatment tower. The neutralization spray layer circulates and sprays a neutralizing agent to neutralize the acidic pollutants in the waste gas. The generated ammonia gas rises with the waste gas and enters the ammonia recovery area, where it is absorbed by the recovery liquid sprayed by the recovery spray layer. The formed ammonia-containing recovery liquid can be directly sent to the neutralization spray layer as a neutralizing agent for spraying to neutralize the acidic pollutants. This can not only remove the harmful gas ammonia and achieve excellent waste gas purification effect, but also supplement the ammonia consumed when the neutralization spray layer removes acidic waste gas, rationally utilize resources, and reduce resource waste and cost input;

[0019] 2. The swirl mass transfer device with a special arrangement of arc-shaped turbulence-enhancing blades in the present utility model can make the waste gas rising into the ammonia recovery area be cut and disturbed by swirl, evenly distributed on the transverse section of the tower, rotate and rise, contact with the sprayed recovery liquid, accelerate the renewal of the gas-liquid contact interface, reduce the liquid film thickness, and improve the mass transfer effect between ammonia gas and the recovery liquid;

[0020] 3. The heat exchange water tank provided by the present utility model can not only store the absorbent, but also cool the circulating sprayed absorbent. The low-temperature absorbent is beneficial to the absorption of ammonia gas, with higher absorption efficiency, and is also beneficial to water conservation in the system;

[0021] 4. The flushing unit provided by the present utility model can regularly flush the devices and equipment in the waste gas treatment tower, extend the system operation cycle, improve the treatment efficiency, and reduce the operation cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above characteristics, technical features, advantages and their implementation manners of the present utility model will be further described below in a clear and understandable manner in conjunction with the drawings showing the preferred embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system provided by the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the swirl mass transfer device provided by the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 is a top view of the arc-shaped turbulence-enhancing blade provided by the present utility model.

[0026] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0027] 1 - Exhaust gas treatment tower; 2 - Exhaust gas inlet; 3 - Neutralization spray layer; 4 - Spray liquid circulation pipeline; 5 - Spray liquid collection tank; 6 - Spray pump; 7 - Water collecting plate; 8 - Swirl mass transfer device; 9 - Gas passage; 10 - Arc-shaped turbulence enhancement vane; 11 - Water baffle; 12 - Packing layer; 13 - Recovery spray layer; 14 - Recovery liquid circulation pipeline; 15 - Recovery pump; 16 - Heat exchange water tank; 17 - Dust and fog removal device; 18 - Flushing spray layer; 19 - Process water tank; 20 - Flushing pump. Detailed implementation mode

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation modes of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings, and other implementation modes can also be obtained.

[0029] To make the drawings concise, only the parts related to the utility model are schematically shown in each drawing, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, to make the drawings concise and easy to understand, in some drawings, components with the same structure or function are only schematically shown for one of them, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only this one", but also can mean "more than one" situation.

[0030] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the description of the present invention and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes these combinations.

[0031] In this article, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0032] In addition, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] The present invention provides an exhaust gas treatment and ammonia recovery system, as Figure 1 shown, including: an exhaust gas treatment tower 1 and a recovery liquid circulation pipeline 14. Specifically:

[0035] In the waste gas treatment tower 1, it is divided into an acidic pollutant treatment area and an ammonia recovery area from bottom to top. An exhaust gas inlet 2 is provided on the side wall of the waste gas treatment tower 1 where the acidic pollutant treatment area is located, and an air outlet is provided at the top of the tower.

[0036] In the acidic pollutant treatment area, a spray liquid collection tank 5 and a neutralization spray layer 3 are provided. The neutralization spray layer 3 can spray a neutralizing agent to neutralize the acidic pollutants in the waste gas. The spray liquid collection tank 5 is arranged at the bottom of the waste gas treatment tower and is used to supplement and collect the falling neutralizing agent.

[0037] Preferably, the neutralizing agent is a solution containing high-concentration by-products, and the slurry density is 1050 - 1250 kg / m 3 . Further, the waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system further includes: a spray liquid circulation pipeline 4, the spray liquid circulation pipeline 4 is respectively connected to the spray liquid collection tank 5 and the neutralization spray layer 3, and the neutralizing agent collected by the spray liquid collection tank 5 is fed into the neutralization spray layer 3 again to perform cyclic spraying on the acidic pollutants in the waste gas.

[0038] Further, a spray pump 6 for providing conveying power for the neutralizing agent is provided on the spray liquid circulation pipeline 4.

[0039] The ammonia recovery area includes a liquid collection and gas distribution device and a recovery spray layer 13 from bottom to top. The liquid collection and gas distribution device is provided with a gas channel 9. In the lower acidic pollutant treatment area, ammonia gas generated by the neutralizing agent neutralizing the acidic pollutants in the waste gas rises into the ammonia recovery area through the gas channel 9 along with the waste gas. The recovery spray layer 13 sprays a recovery liquid to absorb the rising ammonia gas, and the formed ammonia-containing absorbent falls and is collected by the liquid collection and gas distribution device.

[0040] The above absorbent is a solution containing a small amount of deacidification by-products, and the slurry density is 1000 - 1100 kg / m 3 , in the ammonia recovery area, the liquid distribution form can not only adopt the spray form (i.e., the recovery spray layer 13), but also adopt a trough-type water distributor, etc.

[0041] The recovery liquid circulation pipeline 14 provided in the waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system is respectively connected to the liquid collection and gas distribution device and the recovery spray layer 13. The recovery liquid circulation pipeline 14 feeds the ammonia-containing absorbent collected by the liquid collection and gas distribution device into the recovery spray layer 13 to continuously perform cyclic spraying and absorption on the rising waste gas to absorb the escaped ammonia in the waste gas.

[0042] Further, the neutralization spray layer 3 in the acidic pollutant treatment area is connected to the above-mentioned recovered liquid circulation pipeline 14. When the ammonia concentration in the recovered liquid containing ammonia reaches the set concentration, the ammonia-containing absorbent in the recovered liquid circulation pipeline 14 is sent to the neutralization spray layer 3 to spray and neutralize the acidic pollutants in the waste gas. The ammonia generated during the absorption and neutralization of acidic pollutants in the ammonia recovery area forms an ammonia-containing absorbent that can be used to supplement the ammonia consumed during the removal of acidic pollutants by the neutralization spray layer 3. This can not only remove the harmful gas ammonia but also reduce the dosage and purchase cost of the neutralizing agent, bringing certain economic benefits.

[0043] Further, the recovered liquid circulation pipeline 14 is connected to the spray liquid collection tank 5. The ammonia-containing absorbent that meets the set concentration can be first introduced into the spray liquid collection tank 5 for storage to prepare for subsequent neutralization of acidic pollutants.

[0044] Further, a recovery pump 15 for providing conveying power for the ammonia-containing absorbent is provided on the recovered liquid circulation pipeline 14.

[0045] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned liquid collection and gas distribution device includes a water collection plate 7 and a plurality of swirl mass transfer devices 8 provided on the water collection plate 7. A plurality of gas through holes are provided on the water collection plate 7, and the swirl mass transfer devices 8 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the gas through holes.

[0046] As Figures 2 - 3 shown, the swirl mass transfer device 8 includes a gas channel 9, a plurality of arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vanes 10 and a water baffle 11. The arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vanes 10 are arranged at the top of the gas channel 9 and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the gas channel 9 to form an annular vane group, and a cavity is formed in the center. The cavity is connected to the gas channel 9. An air flow channel is formed between adjacent arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vanes 10. The air flow channel is connected to the cavity and the ammonia recovery area. One end of the air flow channel close to the cavity is the air inlet, and the other end is the air outlet. One end of the arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vane 10 that constitutes the air inlet is the leading edge, and the other end that constitutes the air outlet is the trailing edge. An included tangent angle α is formed between the trailing edge and the circumferential tangent of the annular vane group, and the tangent angle α < 90°. The setting of the arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vanes 10 can swirl and tangentially eject the rising waste gas containing ammonia, cut and disturb the swirling of the waste gas, make it rotate and rise, contact with the sprayed recovered liquid, accelerate the renewal of the gas-liquid contact interface, increase the ammonia absorption mass transfer coefficient, reduce the liquid film thickness, and at the same time make the waste gas evenly distributed in the cross-section of the tower.

[0047] The number of the above-mentioned arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vanes 10 is preferably 2 - 10.

[0048] The water baffle 11 is arranged at the top of the arc-shaped turbulence enhancing vanes 10 to prevent the falling recovered liquid from entering the acidic pollutant treatment area through the gas flow channel and the gas channel 9.

[0049] Further, a liquid holding layer with a certain height is provided between the swirl mass transfer device 8 and the water collecting plate 7, which can collect and converge the recovered liquid spilled from the recovery spray layer 13.

[0050] The water collecting plate 7 can be arranged in the tower at a certain inclination angle. The downward inclined end of the water collecting plate 7 is set towards the inlet of the recovered liquid circulation pipeline 14 to facilitate the smooth flow of the recovered liquid into the heat exchange water tank 16 for collection.

[0051] In some embodiments, the ammonia recovery area further includes: a packing layer 14, which is arranged between the liquid collecting and gas distributing device and the recovery spray layer 13. Through its specific structure and design, the packing layer 14 provides a large contact area for the rising ammonia gas and the absorbent, realizes efficient mass transfer, and ensures the complete absorption of ammonia gas.

[0052] The material of the above-mentioned packing layer 14 can be polypropylene material (abbreviation: PP) or stainless steel.

[0053] In some embodiments, according to the absorption law, the absorbent can improve its ammonia absorption capacity at low temperature. Therefore, in the present utility model, a heat exchange water tank 16 capable of cooling and storing the absorbent is arranged on the recovered liquid circulation pipeline 14. The heat exchange water tank 16 is provided with a heat exchange component for heat exchange. The heat exchange component has a channel for the heat exchange medium to flow, and the cooling is realized through the heat exchange of the heat exchange medium.

[0054] The above-mentioned heat exchange component can be a heat exchange plate or a heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange medium can be water.

[0055] The absorbent after heat exchange returns to the recovery spray layer 13 to perform secondary heat exchange with the rising waste gas, reducing the temperature of the waste gas and shrinking its volume. After reducing the temperature of the waste gas, the water content in the waste gas can also be reduced, with a certain degree of "de - white" function for the discharged waste gas, and at the same time, the mass transfer driving force for ammonia absorption is increased.

[0056] Further, the heat exchange water tank 16 is provided with a concentration detection device for detecting the ammonia concentration in the absorbent. The concentration detection device includes a pH meter and a density measurement device, and the ammonia concentration is inferred by measuring the pH value and density of the absorbent.

[0057] The heat exchange water tank 16 is connected to the spray liquid collecting tank 5 to introduce the ammonia - containing absorbent reaching the set concentration into the spray liquid collecting tank 5 as a neutralizing agent.

[0058] In some embodiments, a dust and fog removal device 17 is further arranged in the waste gas treatment tower 1. The dust and fog removal device 17 is arranged between the ammonia recovery area and the top of the waste gas treatment tower. After the purified gas from which ammonia has been removed removes the carried fog droplets and impurities through the dust and fog removal device 17, it is discharged from the air outlet at the top of the waste gas treatment tower 1.

[0059] In some embodiments, the waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system further includes a flushing unit, which includes a process water tank 19 and a flushing spray layer 18. The flushing spray layer 18 is disposed in the waste gas treatment tower 1 and is located at the top of the waste gas treatment tower 1.

[0060] Preferably, the above dust and mist removal device 17 is disposed between the recovery spray layer 13 and the flushing spray layer 18.

[0061] In summary, in the waste gas treatment tower 1, from bottom to top in sequence are a spray liquid collection tank 5, a neutralization spray layer 3, a water collection plate 7, a swirl mass transfer device 8, a packing layer 12, a recovery spray layer 13, a dust and mist removal device 17, and a flushing spray layer 18. The process water tank 19 is communicated with the flushing spray layer 18 to supply flushing water to the flushing spray layer 18. The flushing spray layer 18 is periodically opened to flush the devices and equipment in the waste gas treatment tower 1, which can extend the service life of the equipment and prevent damage caused by residual impurities.

[0062] The process water tank 19 is communicated with the recovery liquid circulation pipeline 14, preferably with the heat exchange water tank 16. After the heat exchange water tank 16 feeds part of the ammonia-containing absorbent into the spray liquid collection tank 5 as a neutralizing agent, the process water tank 19 can feed water into the heat exchange water tank 16 as an absorbent to supplement the amount of water fed by the heat exchange water tank 16 into the spray liquid collection tank 5.

[0063] Further, a flushing pump 20 for providing transmission power for the flushing water is provided on the pipeline between the process water tank 19 and the flushing spray layer 18.

[0064] The following briefly describes the operation process of the waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system:

[0065] The waste gas enters the acidic pollutant treatment area from the waste gas inlet 2. The neutralization spray layer 3 sprays a neutralizing agent to neutralize the acidic pollutants in the waste gas. The neutralizing agent falls into the spray liquid collection tank 5 and circulates and sprays the waste gas through the spray liquid circulation pipeline 4. The newly added neutralizing agent is mainly supplemented in the spray liquid collection tank 5. The ammonia gas generated in the acidic pollutant treatment area continues to rise with the waste gas, is tangentially ejected by swirling through the swirl mass transfer device 8, and enters the ammonia recovery area. The recovery spray layer 13 sprays a recovery liquid to absorb ammonia gas. The water collection plate 7 collects the falling ammonia-containing recovery liquid and discharges it into the heat exchange water tank 16 for storage and cooling. The cooled ammonia-containing recovery liquid re-enters the recovery spray layer 13 through the recovery liquid circulation pipeline 14 for circulating spraying to continuously absorb ammonia gas. After the ammonia-containing absorbent in the heat exchange water tank 16 reaches the set concentration, it is sent into the spray liquid collection tank 5 as a neutralizing agent and sprays and neutralizes the acidic pollutants through the spray liquid circulation pipeline 4 and the neutralization spray layer 3.

[0066] The purified gas after removing ammonia gas is discharged from the top gas outlet after removing impurities and droplets through 17.

[0067] After the system has been running for some time, the flushing unit is turned on to flush the devices in the waste gas treatment tower 1.

[0068] Embodiment 2

[0069] On the basis of Embodiment 1, the waste gas to be treated is sulfuric acid waste gas or boiler waste gas. When the ammonia method is used for desulfurization in the prior art, the ammonia escape is generally above 20 ppm and the flue gas temperature is about 50 °C.

[0070] However, with the waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system of the device provided by the present utility model, about 85% of ammonia can be recovered, the ammonia concentration in the gas at the outlet of the waste gas treatment tower 1 can reach 3 ppm, and the flue gas temperature drops to 40 °C. While absorbing the escaped ammonia, some aerosol particles can be removed, and the dust in the gas at the outlet is reduced to 5 mg / Nm 3 Hereinafter, the wet smog and the phenomenon of flue gas trailing are eliminated.

[0071] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An exhaust gas treatment and ammonia recovery system, characterized in that, Comprising: An exhaust gas treatment tower and a recycled liquid circulation pipeline; Inside the exhaust gas treatment tower, it is divided into an acidic pollutant treatment area and an ammonia recovery area from bottom to top; The acidic pollutant treatment area is provided with a neutralization spray layer for spraying a neutralizing agent to neutralize acidic pollutants in the exhaust gas; The ammonia recovery area includes a liquid collection and gas distribution device and a recovery spray layer for spraying recycled liquid from bottom to top; The liquid collection and gas distribution device includes a water collection plate and a number of swirl mass transfer devices arranged on the water collection plate. The water collection plate is used to collect the falling recycled liquid. The swirl mass transfer device is provided with a gas passage for the ammonia-containing exhaust gas in the acidic pollutant treatment area to rise and enter the ammonia recovery area; The recycled liquid circulation pipeline is respectively connected to the water collection plate and the recovery spray layer, and the recycled liquid circulation pipeline is used to introduce the recycled liquid into the recovery spray layer to perform cyclic spraying on the ammonia-containing exhaust gas; The neutralization spray layer is connected to the recycled liquid circulation pipeline to use the recycled liquid in the recycled liquid circulation pipeline to spray and neutralize acidic pollutants in the exhaust gas.

2. The exhaust gas treatment and ammonia recovery system according to claim 1, wherein A spray liquid collection tank is further provided at the bottom of the exhaust gas treatment tower for supplementing and collecting the neutralizing agent; The exhaust gas treatment and ammonia recovery system further includes: a spray liquid circulation pipeline, The spray liquid circulation pipeline is respectively connected to the spray liquid collection tank and the neutralization spray layer, and is used to introduce the neutralizing agent collected by the spray liquid collection tank into the neutralization spray layer to perform cyclic spraying on the acidic pollutants in the exhaust gas.

3. The exhaust gas treatment and ammonia recovery system according to claim 2, wherein A heat exchange water tank is provided on the recycled liquid circulation pipeline, and the heat exchange water tank is used to cool down and store the recycled liquid; The heat exchange water tank is provided with a concentration detection device for detecting the ammonia concentration in the absorbent; The heat exchange water tank is connected to the spray liquid collection tank to introduce the ammonia-containing recycled liquid reaching the set concentration as a neutralizing agent into the spray liquid collection tank.

4. The exhaust gas treatment and ammonia recovery system according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of gas through holes are provided on the water collection plate, and the swirl mass transfer devices are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the gas through holes; The swirl mass transfer device includes a gas passage, a number of arc-shaped turbulence enhancement blades and a water baffle. The arc-shaped turbulence enhancement blades are arranged at the top of the gas passage and are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the gas passage to form an annular blade group, and a cavity is formed in the center, and the cavity is connected to the gas passage; An air flow passage is formed between adjacent arc-shaped turbulence enhancement blades, and the air flow passage is connected to the cavity and the ammonia recovery area. One end of the air flow passage close to the cavity is an air inlet, and the other end is an air outlet; One end of the arc-shaped turbulence enhancement blade that constitutes the air inlet is the leading edge, and the other end that constitutes the air outlet is the trailing edge. An included tangent angle α is formed between the trailing edge and the circumferential tangent of the annular blade group, and the tangent angle α < 90°; The water baffle is arranged at the top of the arc-shaped turbulence enhancing blade to prevent the falling recycled liquid from entering the acid pollutant treatment area through the air flow channel and the gas channel.

5. The waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that the waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system further includes a flushing unit, and the flushing unit includes a process water tank and a flushing spray layer; the flushing spray layer is arranged in the waste gas treatment tower and is located at the top of the waste gas treatment tower; the process water tank is communicated with the flushing spray layer to supply flushing water to the flushing spray layer.

6. The waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that the process water tank is communicated with the recycled liquid circulation pipeline to supplement the consumed water volume in the recycled liquid circulation pipeline.

7. The waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that a dust and fog removal device is further arranged in the waste gas treatment tower, the dust and fog removal device is arranged between the ammonia recovery area and the top of the waste gas treatment tower to remove the droplets and impurities carried by the purified gas.

8. The waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system according to claim 1, characterized in that the ammonia recovery area further includes: a packing layer, and the packing layer is arranged between the liquid collecting and gas distributing device and the recovery spray layer.

9. The waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system according to claim 3, characterized in that a spray pump is arranged on the spray liquid circulation pipeline to provide transmission power for the neutralizing agent; and / or, a recovery pump is arranged on the recycled liquid circulation pipeline to provide transmission power for the absorbent; and / or, a heat exchange component for heat exchange is arranged in the heat exchange water tank, and a channel for the heat exchange medium to flow is provided in the heat exchange component.

10. The waste gas treatment and ammonia recovery system according to claim 5, characterized in that a flushing pump is arranged on the pipeline between the process water tank and the flushing spray layer to provide transmission power for the flushing water.

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